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Crime Modeling and Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies (Geotechnologies and the Environment #8)
by Michael LeitnerRecent years in North America have seen a rapid development in the area of crime analysis and mapping using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology. In 1996, the US National Institute of Justice (NIJ) established the crime mapping research center (CMRC), to promote research, evaluation, development, and dissemination of GIS technology. The long-term goal is to develop a fully functional Crime Analysis System (CAS) with standardized data collection and reporting mechanisms, tools for spatial and temporal analysis, visualization of data and much more. Among the drawbacks of current crime analysis systems is their lack of tools for spatial analysis. For this reason, spatial analysts should research which current analysis techniques (or variations of such techniques) that have been already successfully applied to other areas (e.g., epidemiology, location-allocation analysis, etc.) can also be employed to the spatial analysis of crime data. This book presents a few of those cases.
Crimes and Mathdemeanors
by Leith HathoutA collection of short detective stories for young adults who are interested in applying high school level mathematics and physics to solving mysteries. The main character is Ravi, a 14-year-old math genius who helps the local police solve cases. Each chapter is a detective story with a mathematical puzzle at its core that Ravi is able to solve. The
Crisis Management for Software Development and Knowledge Transfer (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #61)
by Sergey V. ZykovThis well structured book discusses lifecycle optimization of software projects for crisis management by means of software engineering methods and tools. Its outcomes are based on lessons learned from the software engineering crisis which started in the 1960s. The book presents a systematic approach to overcome the crisis in software engineering depends which not only depends on technology-related but also on human-related factors. It proposes an adaptive methodology for software product development, which optimizes the software product lifecycle in order to avoid "local" crises of software production. The general lifecycle pattern and its stages are discussed, and their impact on the time and budget of the software product development is analyzed. The book identifies key advantages and disadvantages for various models selected and concludes that there is no "silver bullet", or universal model, which suits all software products equally well. It approaches software architecture in terms of process, data and system perspectives and proposes an incremental methodology for crisis-agile development of large-scale, distributed heterogeneous applications. The book introduces a number of specialized approaches which are widely used in industry but are often ignored in general writings because of their vendor-specificity. In doing so, the book builds a helpful bridge from academic conceptions of software engineering to the world of software engineering practice. With its systematic coverage of different software engineering methodologies and the presented rich systems engineering examples the book will be beneficial for a broader audience.
Critical Data Literacies: Rethinking Data and Everyday Life
by Neil Selwyn Luci PangrazioA guide to everything you need to understand to navigate a world increasingly governed by data.Data has become a defining issue of current times. Our everyday lives are shaped by the data that is produced about us (and by us) through digital technologies. In this book, Critical Data Literacies, Luci Pangrazio and Neil Selwyn introduce readers to the central concepts, ideas, and arguments required to make sense of life in the data age. The authors challenge the idea that datafication is an inevitable and inescapable condition. Drawing on emerging areas of scholarship such as data justice, data feminism, and other critical data studies approaches, they explore how individuals and communities can empower themselves to engage with data critically and creatively.Over the course of eight wide-ranging chapters, the book introduces readers to the main components of critical data literacies—from the fundamentals of identifying and understanding data to the complexities of engaging with more combative data tactics. Critical Data Literacies explores how the tradition of critical literacies can offer a powerful foundation to address the big concerns of the data age, such as issues of data justice and privacy, algorithmic bias, dataveillance, and disinformation. Bringing together cutting-edge thinking and discussion from across education, sociology, psychology, and media and communication studies, Critical Data Literacies develops a powerful argument for collectively rethinking the role that data plays in our everyday lives and re-establishing agency, free will, and the democratic public sphere.
Critical Factors for Adoption of Customer Relationship Management: A Study of Palestine SMEs (SpringerBriefs in Business)
by Nur Fazidah Elias Hazura Mohamed Omar Hasan Salah Zawiyah Mohammad YusofThis book explores the challenges in adopting customer relationship management (CRM) models in developing countries, with a focus on Palestine. Examining the cultural, organizational, and technological contexts, it reveals how these factors create adoption gaps, impacting customer pressure, employee engagement, and security. The narrative, enriched by real-world examples from Palestine, underscores the unique hurdles faced by firms in such environments. Emphasizing the central role of customers in business, the book delves into the initiatives many firms take to enhance customer services, target profitable segments, and improve acquisition and retention. However, in developing nations, these efforts encounter distinctive challenges. The book offers a practical CRM model tailored to the specific needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), illustrating how technology can elevate competitiveness. With a strategic perspective, it positions CRM as a catalyst for SMEs to navigate the complexities of the dynamic economy, providing actionable insights for professionals, scholars, and business management students. This comprehensive guide encapsulates the nuances of CRM adoption, making it an invaluable resource for those seeking sustainable growth in developing country contexts.
Critical Infrastructures, Key Resources, Key Assets: Risk, Vulnerability, Resilience, Fragility, and Perception Governance (Topics in Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality #34)
by Adrian V. Gheorghe Polinpapilinho F. Katina Dan V. Vamanu Roland PulferIn the face of increasing failures, comments attributed to Albert Einstein loom large: "We cannot solve our problems with the same thinking we used when we created them. " There is a pervasive feeling that any attempt to make sense of the current terrain of complex systems must involve thinking outside the box and originating unconventional approaches that integrate organizational, managerial, social, political, cultural, and human aspects and their interactions. This textbook offers research-based models and tools for diagnosing and predicting the behavior of complex techno-socio-economic systems in the domain of critical infrastructures, key resources, key assets and the open bazaar of space, undersea, and below-ground systems. These models exemplify emblematic models in physics, within which the critical infrastructures, as well as society itself and its paraphernalia, share the profile of many-body systems featuring cooperative phenomena and phase transitions - the latter usually felt as disruptive occurrences. The book and its models focus on the analytics of real-life-business actors, including policy-makers, financiers and insurers, industry managers, and emergency responders.
Critical Issues in Reproductive Health (The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis #33)
by Andrzej KulczyckiIn this book, leading academics and practitioners in the field of reproductive health address topics such as contraception, abortion, sexually transmitted infections, maternal and prenatal health, sexuality and reproductive rights by examining a number of critical issues in these areas. The authors describe new research, identify gaps and priorities in policy and practice, and illustrate innovative solutions. The book further addresses such current imperatives as understanding the social meanings of emergency contraception, measuring gender-based violence, improving reproductive health governance, strengthening health systems and services, and redressing institutional barriers. The book also assesses how reproductive health programs can be reconfigured to new challenges such as those posed by climate change, vulnerable youth in fragile states, and risks from new infertility treatments. Using a rich and varied set of cases, a broad public health and social science perspective, and novel methodological approaches, this book questions common assumptions, illustrates effective solutions and sets out research, policy, and programmatic agendas for the present and future. This is a comprehensive volume which provides a valuable resource to researchers, educators, practitioners, policymakers and students, as well as anyone studying or advocating for reproductive health.
Critical Mathematics Education (Advances in Mathematics Education)
by Ole SkovsmoseThe book Critical Mathematics Education provides Ole Skovsmose’s recent contribution to the further development of critical mathematics education. It gives examples of learning environments, which invite students to engage in investigative processes. It discusses how mathematics can be used for identifying cases of social injustice, and it shows how mathematics itself can become investigated critically. Critical Mathematics Education addresses issues with respect to racism, oppression, erosion of democracy, sustainability, formatting power of mathematics, and banality of mathematical expertise. It explores relationships between mathematics, ethics, crises, and critique.
Critical Perspectives on Schooling and Fertility in the Developing World
by National Research CouncilThis volume assesses the evidence, and possible mechanisms, for the associations between women's education, fertility preferences, and fertility in developing countries, and how these associations vary across regions. It discusses the implications of these associations for policies in the population, health, and education sectors, including implications for research.
Critical Phenomena in Loop Models (Springer Theses)
by Adam NahumWhen close to a continuous phase transition, many physical systems can usefully be mapped to ensembles of fluctuating loops, which might represent for example polymer rings, or line defects in a lattice magnet, or worldlines of quantum particles. 'Loop models' provide a unifying geometric language for problems of this kind. This thesis aims to extend this language in two directions. The first part of the thesis tackles ensembles of loops in three dimensions, and relates them to the statistical properties of line defects in disordered media and to critical phenomena in two-dimensional quantum magnets. The second part concerns two-dimensional loop models that lie outside the standard paradigms: new types of critical point are found, and new results given for the universal properties of polymer collapse transitions in two dimensions. All of these problems are shown to be related to sigma models on complex or real projective space, CP^{{n−1}} or RP^{{n−1}} -- in some cases in a 'replica' limit -- and this thesis is also an in-depth investigation of critical behaviour in these field theories.
Critical Philosophy of Mathematics (Advances in Mathematics Education #15)
by Ole SkovsmoseThis book provides a philosophy of mathematics that resonates with critical mathematics education. It draws attention to the social complexities that characterise the period of Modernity including the extreme exploitation of manual workers and their families, brutal forms of colonisations, trading of slaves, and the formation of racist ideologies. It portrays Modernity as a period of contradictions and highlights that mathematics is a part of these contradictions. The text interprets mathematics as being indefinite, seeing that mathematics is a part of the ongoing human constructions. It outlines a performative interpretation of mathematics, portraying mathematics as intrinsically connected to actions. Any kind of action, including mathematics-based actions, calls for ethical considerations and this leads to any mathematical practice, either in research, application, or education, to face ethical challenges. It illustrates with examples how a critical philosophy of mathematics can come to be an integral part of classroom practices.
Critical Point Theory: Sandwich and Linking Systems (Cambridge Tracts In Mathematics Ser. #198)
by Martin SchechterThis monograph collects cutting-edge results and techniques for solving nonlinear partial differential equations using critical points. Including many of the author’s own contributions, a range of proofs are conveniently collected here, Because the material is approached with rigor, this book will serve as an invaluable resource for exploring recent developments in this active area of research, as well as the numerous ways in which critical point theory can be applied.Different methods for finding critical points are presented in the first six chapters. The specific situations in which these methods are applicable is explained in detail. Focus then shifts toward the book’s main subject: applications to problems in mathematics and physics. These include topics such as Schrödinger equations, Hamiltonian systems, elliptic systems, nonlinear wave equations, nonlinear optics, semilinear PDEs, boundary value problems, and equations with multiple solutions. Readers will find this collection of applications convenient and thorough, with detailed proofs appearing throughout.Critical Point Theory will be ideal for graduate students and researchers interested in solving differential equations, and for those studying variational methods. An understanding of fundamental mathematical analysis is assumed. In particular, the basic properties of Hilbert and Banach spaces are used.
Critical Questions in STEM Education (Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education #51)
by Valarie L. Akerson Gayle A. BuckThis edited volume offers a crosscutting view of STEM and is comprised of work by scholars in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education. It offers a view of STEM from the disciplines that comprise it, while adhering to the idea that STEM itself is an interdisciplinary treatment of all the associated disciplines in a meaningful way. This book raises and answers questions regarding the meaning of STEM education and research.This volume is divided into three sections: the first one describes the nature of the component disciplines of STEM. The next section presents work from leaders representing all STEM disciplines and deals with aspects such as K-12 and post-secondary education. The last section draws conclusions regarding the natures of the disciplines, challenges and advantages of STEM education in terms of theoretical and practical implications. The two final chapters compile arguments from the research chapters, describing themes in research results, and making recommendations for best STEM education practice, and examining areas for future research in STEM education.
Critical Regimes of Two-Phase Flows with a Polydisperse Solid Phase (Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications #93)
by Eugene BarskyCritical regimes of two-phase flows with a polydisperse solid phase form the basis of such widespread industrial processes as separation of various powdery materials and minerals dressing. It is impossible to describe such complicated flows analytically. Therefore, this study concentrates on invariants experimentally revealed and theoretically grounded for such flows. This approach can be compared with the situation in gases, where in order to determine principal parameters of their state, one does not need to measure the kinetic energy and velocity of each molecule and find its contribution to the temperature and pressure. These parameters are determined in a simple way for the system on the whole. A novel conception of two-phase flows allowing the formulation of their statistical parameters is physically substantiated. On the basis of the invariants and these parameters, a comprehensive method of estimating and predicting mass transfer in such flows is developed. It is noteworthy that the presented results are mostly phenomenological. Such an approach can be successfully extended to the separation of liquids, gases and isotopes. The book is intended for students and specialists engaged in chemical technology, mineral dressing, ceramics, microelectronics, pharmacology, power generation, thermal engineering and other fields in which flows carrying solid particles are used in the technological process.
Critical Systems: Joint 22nd International Workshop on Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems and 17th International Workshop on Automated Verification of Critical Systems, FMICS-AVoCS 2017, Turin, Italy, September 18–20, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10471)
by Laure Petrucci Cristina Seceleanu Ana CavalcantiThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Joint 22nd International Workshop on Formal Methods for Industrial Critical Systems and the 17th International Workshop on Automated Verification of Critical Systems, FMICS-AVoCS 2017, held in Turin, Italy, in September 2017. The 14 full papers presented together with one invited talk were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. They are organized in the following sections: Automated verification techniques; Testing and scheduling; Formal Methods for mobile and autonomous robots; and Modeling and analysis techniques.
Critical Transitions in Nature and Society (Princeton Studies in Complexity)
by Marten SchefferHow do we explain the remarkably abrupt changes that sometimes occur in nature and society--and can we predict why and when they happen? This book offers a comprehensive introduction to critical transitions in complex systems--the radical changes that happen at tipping points when thresholds are passed. Marten Scheffer accessibly describes the dynamical systems theory behind critical transitions, covering catastrophe theory, bifurcations, chaos, and more. He gives examples of critical transitions in lakes, oceans, terrestrial ecosystems, climate, evolution, and human societies. And he demonstrates how to deal with these transitions, offering practical guidance on how to predict tipping points, how to prevent "bad" transitions, and how to promote critical transitions that work for us and not against us. Scheffer shows the time is ripe for understanding and managing critical transitions in the vast and complex systems in which we live. This book can also serve as a textbook and includes a detailed appendix with equations.
Critical, Transdisciplinary and Embodied Approaches in STEM Education (Advances in STEM Education)
by Pratim Sengupta Marie-Claire Shanahan Beaumie KimOver the past decade, integrated STEM education research has emerged as an international concern, creating around it an imperative for technological and disciplinary innovation and a global resurgence of interest in teaching and learning to code at the K-16 levels. At the same time, issues of democratization, equity, power and access, including recent decolonizing efforts in public education, are also beginning to be acknowledged as legitimate issues in STEM education. Taking a reflexive approach to the intersection of these concerns, this book presents a collection of papers making new theoretical advances addressing two broad themes: Transdisciplinary Approaches in STEM Education and Bodies, Hegemony and Decolonization in STEM Education. Within each theme, praxis is of central concern including analyses of teaching and learning that re-imagines disciplinary boundaries and domains, the relationship between Art and STEM, and the design of learning technologies, spaces and environments. In addition to graduate research seminars at the Masters and PhD levels in Learning Sciences, Science Education, Educational Technology and STEM education, this book could also serve as a textbook for graduate and pre-service teacher education courses.
Crocheting Adventures with Hyperbolic Planes: Tactile Mathematics, Art and Craft for all to Explore, Second Edition (AK Peters/CRC Recreational Mathematics Series)
by Daina TaiminaWinner, Euler Book Prize, awarded by the Mathematical Association of America. With over 200 full color photographs, this non-traditional, tactile introduction to non-Euclidean geometries also covers early development of geometry and connections between geometry, art, nature, and sciences. For the crafter or would-be crafter, there are detailed instructions for how to crochet various geometric models and how to use them in explorations. New to the 2nd Edition; Daina Taimina discusses her own adventures with the hyperbolic planes as well as the experiences of some of her readers. Includes recent applications of hyperbolic geometry such as medicine, architecture, fashion & quantum computing.
Cross Section and Experimental Data Analysis Using EViews
by I. Gusti AgungA practical guide to selecting and applying the most appropriate model for analysis of cross section data using EViews. "This book is a reflection of the vast experience and knowledge of the author. It is a useful reference for students and practitioners dealing with cross sectional data analysis ... The strength of the book lies in its wealth of material and well structured guidelines ..." Prof. Yohanes Eko Riyanto, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore "This is superb and brilliant. Prof. Agung has skilfully transformed his best experiences into new knowledge ... creating a new way of understanding data analysis." Dr. I Putu Gede Ary Suta, The Ary Suta Center, Jakarta Basic theoretical concepts of statistics as well as sampling methods are often misinterpreted by students and less experienced researchers. This book addresses this issue by providing a hands-on practical guide to conducting data analysis using EViews combined with a variety of illustrative models (and their extensions). Models having numerically dependent variables based on a cross-section data set (such as univariate, multivariate and nonlinear models as well as non-parametric regressions) are concentrated on. It is shown that a wide variety of hypotheses can easily be tested using EViews. Cross Section and Experimental Data Analysis Using EViews: Provides step-by-step directions on how to apply EViews to cross section data analysis - from multivariate analysis and nonlinear models to non-parametric regression Presents a method to test for all possible hypotheses based on each model Proposes a new method for data analysis based on a multifactorial design model Demonstrates that statistical summaries in the form of tabulations are invaluable inputs for strategic decision making Contains 200 examples with special notes and comments based on the author’s own empirical findings as well as over 400 illustrative outputs of regressions from EViews Techniques are illustrated through practical examples from real situations Comes with supplementary material, including work-files containing selected equation and system specifications that have been applied in the book This user-friendly introduction to EViews is ideal for Advanced undergraduate and graduate students taking finance, econometrics, population, or public policy courses, as well as applied policy researchers.
Cross-Cultural Analysis: Methods and Applications
by Eldad Davidov Peter Schmidt Jaak Billiet Bart MeulemanIntended to bridge the gap between the latest methodological developments and cross-cultural research, this interdisciplinary resource presents the latest strategies for analyzing cross-cultural data. Techniques are demonstrated through the use of applications that employ cross national data sets such as the latest European Social Survey. With an emphasis on the generalized latent variable approach, internationally–prominent researchers from a variety of fields explain how the methods work, how to apply them, and how they relate to other methods presented in the book. Syntax and graphical and verbal explanations of the techniques are included. A website features some of the data sets and syntax commands used in the book. Applications from the behavioral and social sciences that use real data-sets demonstrate: The use of samples from 17 countries to validate the resistance to change scale across these nations How to test the cross-national invariance properties of social trust The interplay between social structure, religiosity, values, and social attitudes A comparison of anti-immigrant attitudes and patterns of religious orientations across European countries. The book is divided into techniques for analyzing cross-cultural data within the generalized-latent-variable approach: multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis and multiple-group structural equation modeling; multi-level analysis; latent class analysis; and item-response theory. Since researchers from various disciplines often use different methodological approaches, a consistent framework for describing and applying each method is used so as to cross ‘methodological borders’ between disciplines. Some chapters describe the basic strategy and how it relates to other techniques presented in the book, others apply the techniques and address specific research questions, and a few combine the two. A table in the preface highlights for each chapter: a description of the contents, the statistical methods used, the goal(s) of the analysis, and the data set employed. This book is intended for researchers, practitioners, and advanced students interested in cross-cultural research. Because the applications span a variety of disciplines, the book will appeal to researchers and students in: psychology, political science, sociology, education, marketing and economics, geography, criminology, psychometrics, epidemiology, and public health, as well as those interested in methodology. It is also appropriate for an advanced methods course in cross-cultural analysis.
Cross-Cultural Human-Computer Interaction and User Experience Design: A Semiotic Perspective
by Jan BrejchaThis book describes patterns of language and culture in human-computer interaction (HCI). Through numerous examples, it shows why these patterns matter and how to exploit them to design a better user experience (UX) with computer systems. It provides scientific information on the theoretical and practical areas of the interaction and communication design for research experts and industry practitioners and covers the latest research in semiotics and cultural studies, bringing a set of tools and methods to benefit the process of designing with the cultural background in mind.
Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School... Mathematics
by Robert Ward-PennyWhy is cross-curricular work so valuable in the mathematics classroom?Why can pupils sometimes draw graphs in mathematics but not in science?What might mathematics teachers learn from the performing arts?Cross-curricular approaches have much to offer the modern mathematics classroom. They can help teachers to present mathematics as a growing, relevant discipline that is central to much of modern life, and help learners to make sense of what they are doing and why. New contexts, new technology and new qualifications all make this an exciting time to be a cross-curricular teacher of mathematics. But cross-curricular approaches are not always straightforward. Skills do not always transfer easily from one subject area to the other, and a number of important decisions have to be made. How should this type of work be planned, or assessed? How might it fit into the wider curriculum? Are all cross-curricular activities equally useful for learners? Does mathematics have something to share with all of the other curriculum areas?This book tackles these issues head on, combining educational theory and contemporary research with practical ideas and suggestions. From the mathematics of molecular geometry, wind turbines and impact craters to mathematical haikus, Babylonian clay tablets and juggling, each chapter is packed with examples for use in the secondary classroom.Key features include:Discussion of key issues and debatesCase studies to show you how others have used cross-curricular approachesA wide range of examples and practical activities to help you develop your own practiceExample approaches for planning and assessmentPart of the Cross-Curricular Teaching and Learning in the Secondary School series, this book is essential reading for all students on Initial Teacher Training courses and practising teachers looking to holistically introduce cross-curricular themes and practices into their mathematics teaching.
Cross-Layer Design for Secure and Resilient Cyber-Physical Systems: A Decision and Game Theoretic Approach (Advances in Information Security #81)
by Quanyan Zhu Zhiheng XuThis book introduces a cross-layer design to achieve security and resilience for CPSs (Cyber-Physical Systems). The authors interconnect various technical tools and methods to capture the different properties between cyber and physical layers. Part II of this book bridges the gap between cryptography and control-theoretic tools. It develops a bespoke crypto-control framework to address security and resiliency in control and estimation problems where the outsourcing of computations is possible. Part III of this book bridges the gap between game theory and control theory and develops interdependent impact-aware security defense strategies and cyber-aware resilient control strategies.With the rapid development of smart cities, there is a growing need to integrate the physical systems, ranging from large-scale infrastructures to small embedded systems, with networked communications. The integration of the physical and cyber systems forms Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), enabling the use of digital information and control technologies to improve the monitoring, operation, and planning of the systems. Despite these advantages, they are vulnerable to cyber-physical attacks, which aim to damage the physical layer through the cyber network.This book also uses case studies from autonomous systems, communication-based train control systems, cyber manufacturing, and robotic systems to illustrate the proposed methodologies. These case studies aim to motivate readers to adopt a cross-layer system perspective toward security and resilience issues of large and complex systems and develop domain-specific solutions to address CPS challenges.A comprehensive suite of solutions to a broad range of technical challenges in secure and resilient control systems are described in this book (many of the findings in this book are useful to anyone working in cybersecurity). Researchers, professors, and advanced-level students working in computer science and engineering will find this book useful as a reference or secondary text. Industry professionals and military workers interested in cybersecurity will also want to purchase this book.
Cross-Over Experiments: Design, Analysis and Application
by David Ratkowsky Richard Alldredge Marc A. EvansDeveloping a model-based approach that enables any cross-over trial, of any degree of imbalance, to be analyzed both for direct effects and for residual effects, using consistent procedures that employ commercially available statistical software, this text offers a guide to the analysis of cross-over designs.;Illustrating practical applications throughout with examples, this book: emphasizes the importance of choosing highly efficient designs that separate treatment and carryover effects; demonstrates the exact methodology needed to handle the analysis of data; presents a new methodology for the analysis of binary and categorical data; and considers the effects of blocking. The appendices facilitate the choosing of an appropriate design for every experimental need.
Cross-device Federated Recommendation: Privacy-Preserving Personalization (Machine Learning: Foundations, Methodologies, and Applications)
by Xiangjie Kong Lingyun Wang Mengmeng Wang Guojiang ShenThis book introduces the prevailing domains of recommender systems and cross-device federated learning, highlighting the latest research progress and prospects regarding cross-device federated recommendation. As a privacy-oriented distributed computing paradigm, cross-device federated learning enables collaborative intelligence across multiple devices while ensuring the security of local data. In this context, ubiquitous recommendation services emerge as a crucial application of device-side AI, making a deep exploration of federated recommendation systems highly significant. This book is self-contained, and each chapter can be comprehended independently. Overall, the book organizes existing efforts in federated recommendation from three different perspectives. The perspective of learning paradigms includes statistical machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning, and meta learning, where each has detailed techniques (e.g., different neural building blocks) to present relevant studies. The perspective of privacy computing covers homomorphic encryption, differential privacy, secure multi-party computing, and malicious attacks. More specific encryption and obfuscation techniques, such as randomized response and secret sharing, are involved. The perspective of federated issues discusses communication optimization and fairness perception, which are widely concerned in the cross-device distributed environment. In the end, potential issues and promising directions for future research are identified point by point. This book is especially suitable for researchers working on the application of recommendation algorithms to the privacy-preserving federated scenario. The target audience includes graduate students, academic researchers, and industrial practitioners who specialize in recommender systems, distributed machine learning, information retrieval, information security, or artificial intelligence.