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Developments in Demographic Forecasting (The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis #49)
by Nico Keilman Stefano MazzucoThis open access book presents new developments in the field of demographic forecasting, covering both mortality, fertility and migration. For each component emerging methods to forecast them are presented. Moreover, instruments for forecasting evaluation are provided. Bayesian models, nonparametric models, cohort approaches, elicitation of expert opinion, evaluation of probabilistic forecasts are some of the topics covered in the book. In addition, the book is accompanied by complementary material on the web allowing readers to practice with some of the ideas exposed in the book. Readers are encouraged to use this material to apply the new methods to their own data. The book is an important read for demographers, applied statisticians, as well as other social scientists interested or active in the field of population forecasting. Professional population forecasters in statistical agencies will find useful new ideas in various chapters.
Developments in Demography in the 21st Century (The Springer Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis #48)
by Dudley L. Poston Joachim SingelmannThis book introduces demographic applications which employ current demographic concepts and theories and cutting-edge methods and findings, all of which have and will continue to have an impact in the broad area of social demography. Through providing an introduction to new and current developments in demography, methodological and statistical issues, data issues, issues of health, aging and mortality, and issues in social demography, this book gives new insights into data, substantive issues, and methodological approaches that will assist readers in their use of demography in their research. At the same time it shows demographers, sociologists, economists, statisticians, methodologists, planners, and marketers how they may learn and improve upon the quality and relevance of their demographic investigations now and in the future.
Developments in Functional Equations and Related Topics (Springer Optimization and Its Applications #124)
by Janusz Brzdęk, Krzysztof Ciepliński and Themistocles M. RassiasThis book presents current research on Ulam stability for functional equations and inequalities. Contributions from renowned scientists emphasize fundamental and new results, methods and techniques. Detailed examples are given to theories to further understanding at the graduate level for students in mathematics, physics, and engineering.Key topics covered in this book include:Quasi meansApproximate isometriesFunctional equations in hypergroupsStability of functional equationsFischer-Muszély equationHaar meager sets and Haar null setsDynamical systemsFunctional equations in probability theoryStochastic convex orderingDhombres functional equationNonstandard analysis and Ulam stabilityThis book is dedicated in memory of Staniłsaw Marcin Ulam, who posed the fundamental problem concerning approximate homomorphisms of groups in 1940; which has provided the stimulus for studies in the stability of functional equations and inequalities.
Developments in International Bridge Engineering: Selected Papers from Istanbul Bridge Conference 2018 (Springer Tracts on Transportation and Traffic #17)
by Alp Caner Polat Gülkan Nurdan Memisoglu ApaydinThis book reports on current challenges in bridge engineering faced by professionals around the globe, giving a special emphasis to recently developed techniques and methods for bridge design, construction and monitoring. Based on extended and revised papers selected from outstanding presentation at the Istanbul Bridge Conference 2018, held from November 5 – 6, 2018, in Istanbul, Turkey, and by highlighting major bridge studies, spanning from numerical and modeling studies to the applications of new construction techniques and monitoring systems, this book is intended to promote high standards in modern bridge engineering. It offers a timely reference to both academics and professionals in this field.
Developments in Language Theory: 22nd International Conference, DLT 2018, Tokyo, Japan, September 10-14, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11088)
by Mizuho Hoshi Shinnosuke SekiThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2018, held in Tokyo, Japan, in September 2018. The 39 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 84 submissions. The papers cover the following topics and areas: combinatorial and algebraic properties of words and languages; grammars, acceptors and transducers for strings, trees, graphics, arrays; algebraic theories for automata and languages; codes; efficient text algorithms; symbolic dynamics; decision problems; relationships to complexity theory and logic; picture description and analysis, polyominoes and bidimensional patterns; cryptography; concurrency; celluar automata; bio-inspired computing; quantum computing.
Developments in Language Theory: 23rd International Conference, DLT 2019, Warsaw, Poland, August 5–9, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11647)
by Michał Skrzypczak Piotrek HofmanThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2019, held in Warsaw, Poland, in August 2019. The 20 full papers presented together with three invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The papers cover the following topics and areas: combinatorial and algebraic properties of words and languages; grammars, acceptors and transducers for strings, trees, graphics, arrays; algebraic theories for automata and languages; codes; efficient text algorithms; symbolic dynamics; decision problems; relationships to complexity theory and logic; picture description and analysis, polyominoes and bidimensional patterns; cryptography; concurrency; celluar automata; bio-inspired computing; quantum computing.
Developments in Language Theory: 25th International Conference, DLT 2021, Porto, Portugal, August 16–20, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12811)
by Nelma Moreira Rogério ReisThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2021, which was held in Porto, Portugal, during August 16-20, 2021. The conference took place in an hybrid format with both in-person and online participation.The 27 full papers included in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The DLT conference series provides a forum for presenting current developments in formal languages and automata. Its scope is very general and includes, among others, the following topics and areas: grammars, acceptors and transducers for words, trees and graphs; algebraic theories of automata; algorithmic, combinatorial, and algebraic properties of words and languages; variable length codes; symbolic dynamics; cellular automata; polyominoes and multidimensional patterns; decidability questions; image manipulation and compression; efficient text algorithms; relationships to cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory, and logic; bio-inspired computing; quantum computing. The book also includes 3 invited talks in full paper length.
Developments in Language Theory: 28th International Conference, DLT 2024, Göttingen, Germany, August 12–16, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14791)
by Florin Manea Joel D. DayThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Developments in Language Theory, DLT 2024, held in Göttingen, Germany, during August 12–16, 2024. The 17 full papers and 4 invited papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. They presented current developments in formal languages and automata. The scope is very general and includes, among others, the following topics and areas: grammars, acceptors and transducers for words; trees and graphs; relations between formal languages and artificial neural networks; algebraic theories of automata; algorithmic, combinatorial, and algebraic properties of words and languages; variable length codes; symbolic dynamics; cellular automata; groups and semigroups generated by automata; polyominoes and multidimensional patterns; decidability questions; image manipulation and compression; efficient text algorithms; relationships to cryptography, concurrency, complexity theory, and logic; bio-inspired computing; and quantum computing.
Developments in Mathematical and Conceptual Physics: Concepts and Applications for Engineers
by Harish ParthasarathyThis book presents concepts of theoretical physics with engineering applications. The topics are of an intense mathematical nature involving tools like probability and random processes, ordinary and partial differential equations, linear algebra and infinite-dimensional operator theory, perturbation theory, stochastic differential equations, and Riemannian geometry. These mathematical tools have been applied to study problems in mechanics, fluid dynamics, quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, nonlinear dynamical systems, general relativity, cosmology, and electrodynamics. A particularly interesting topic of research interest developed in this book is the design of quantum unitary gates of large size using the Feynman diagrammatic approach to quantum field theory. Through this book, the reader will be able to observe how basic physics can revolutionize technology and also how diverse branches of mathematical physics like large deviation theory, quantum field theory, general relativity, and electrodynamics have many common issues that provide the starting point for unifying the whole of physics, namely in the formulation of Grand Unified Theories (GUTS).
Developments in Microbial Bioremediation: A Guide for Sustainable Waste Treatment (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)
by Pratima BajpaiThis book sheds new light on the transformative role of microorganisms in waste management, offering a comprehensive overview of microbial waste management strategies and their applications. Through this book, readers will learn about the latest advancements in bioremediation and microbial consortia technology, providing a fresh perspective on sustainable waste treatment solutions. The chapters cover topics such as the types and origins of waste, the importance of microorganisms in various waste management processes, and the benefits of bioremediation compared to traditional methods. Readers will discover diverse strategies for managing microbial waste, including bioleaching, bioaugmentation, and utilizing microorganisms to aid phytoremediation. The book also discusses the combined use of bacteria and microalgae for wastewater treatment and emerging innovations in microbial consortia technology. Critical attention is given to the role of microbes in multiple industrial applications such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, textiles, explosives, distilleries, and petrochemicals. Additionally, it explores bioinformatics approaches like genomics and proteomics that drive bioremediation efforts. This volume is an essential resource for researchers in environmental science, biotechnology professionals focusing on sustainable practices, scholars studying advanced wastewater treatment methods using nanotechnology or plant species integration with microorganisms. It invites readers to think through critical questions about sustainable waste treatment practices while offering valuable insights into future perspectives on microbial waste management.
Developments in Model-Based Optimization and Control
by Sorin Olaru Alexandra Grancharova Fernando Lobo PereiraThis book deals with optimization methods as tools for decision making and control in the presence of model uncertainty. It is oriented to the use of these tools in engineering, specifically in automatic control design with all its components: analysis of dynamical systems, identification problems, and feedback control design. Developments in Model-Based Optimization and Control takes advantage of optimization-based formulations for such classical feedback design objectives as stability, performance and feasibility, afforded by the established body of results and methodologies constituting optimal control theory. It makes particular use of the popular formulation known as predictive control or receding-horizon optimization. The individual contributions in this volume are wide-ranging in subject matter but coordinated within a five-part structure covering material on: · complexity and structure in model predictive control (MPC); · collaborative MPC; · distributed MPC; · optimization-based analysis and design; and · applications to bioprocesses, multivehicle systems or energy management. The various contributions cover a subject spectrum including inverse optimality and more modern decentralized and cooperative formulations of receding-horizon optimal control. Readers will find fourteen chapters dedicated to optimization-based tools for robustness analysis, and decision-making in relation to feedback mechanisms--fault detection, for example--and three chapters putting forward applications where the model-based optimization brings a novel perspective. Developments in Model-Based Optimization and Control is a selection of contributions expanded and updated from the Optimisation-based Control and Estimation workshops held in November 2013 and November 2014. It forms a useful resource for academic researchers and graduate students interested in the state of the art in predictive control. Control engineers working in model-based optimization and control, particularly in its bioprocess applications will also find this collection instructive.
Developments in Nonstandard Mathematics
by Nigel J Cutland Vitor Neves A F Oliveira Jose Sousa-PintoThis book contains expository papers and articles reporting on recent research by leading world experts in nonstandard mathematics, arising from the International Colloquium on Nonstandard Mathematics held at the University of Aveiro, Portugal in July 1994. Nonstandard mathematics originated with Abraham Robinson, and the body of ideas that have developed from this theory of nonstandard analysis now vastly extends Robinson's work with infinitesimals. The range of applications includes measure and probability theory, stochastic analysis, differential equations, generalised functions, mathematical physics and differential geometry, moreover, the theory has implicaitons for the teaching of calculus and analysis. This volume contains papers touching on all of the abovbe topics, as well as a biographical note about Abraham Robinson based on the opening address given by W.A>J> Luxemburg - who knew Robinson - to the Aveiro conference which marked the 20th anniversary of Robinson's death. This book will be of particular interest to students and researchers in nonstandard analysis, measure theory, generalised functions and mathematical physics.
Developments in Statistical Evaluation of Clinical Trials
by Kees Van Montfort Johan Oud Wendimagegn GhideyThis book describes various ways of approaching and interpreting the data produced by clinical trial studies, with a special emphasis on the essential role that biostatistics plays in clinical trials. Over the past few decades the role of statistics in the evaluation and interpretation of clinical data has become of paramount importance. As a result the standards of clinical study design, conduct and interpretation have undergone substantial improvement. The book includes 18 carefully reviewed chapters on recent developments in clinical trials and their statistical evaluation, with each chapter providing one or more examples involving typical data sets, enabling readers to apply the proposed procedures. The chapters employ a uniform style to enhance comparability between the approaches.
Developments in Statistical Modelling (Contributions to Statistics)
by Jochen Einbeck Hyeyoung Maeng Emmanuel Ogundimu Konstantinos PerrakisThis volume on the latest developments in statistical modelling is a collection of refereed papers presented at the 38th International Workshop on Statistical Modelling, IWSM 2024, held from 14 to 19 July 2024 in Durham, UK. The contributions cover a wide range of topics in statistical modelling, including generalized linear models, mixture models, regularization techniques, hidden Markov models, smoothing methods, censoring and imputation techniques, Gaussian processes, spatial statistics, shape modelling, goodness-of-fit problems, and network analysis. Various highly topical applications are presented as well, especially from biostatistics. The approaches are equally frequentist and Bayesian, a categorization the statistical modelling community has synergetically overcome. The book also features the workshop’s keynote contribution on statistical modelling for big and little data, highlighting that both small and large data sets come with their own challenges. The International Workshop on Statistical Modelling (IWSM) is the annual workshop of the Statistical Modelling Society, with the purpose of promoting important developments, extensions, and applications in statistical modelling, and bringing together statisticians working on related problems from various disciplines. This volume reflects this spirit and contributes to initiating and sustaining discussions about problems in statistical modelling and triggers new developments and ideas in the field.
Developments of Harmonic Maps, Wave Maps and Yang-Mills Fields into Biharmonic Maps, Biwave Maps and Bi-Yang-Mills Fields
by Yuan-Jen ChiangHarmonic maps between Riemannian manifolds were first established by James Eells and Joseph H. Sampson in 1964. Wave maps are harmonic maps on Minkowski spaces and have been studied since the 1990s. Yang-Mills fields, the critical points of Yang-Mills functionals of connections whose curvature tensors are harmonic, were explored by a few physicists in the 1950s, and biharmonic maps (generalizing harmonic maps) were introduced by Guoying Jiang in 1986. The book presents an overview of the important developments made in these fields since they first came up. Furthermore, it introduces biwave maps (generalizing wave maps) which were first studied by the author in 2009, and bi-Yang-Mills fields (generalizing Yang-Mills fields) first investigated by Toshiyuki Ichiyama, Jun-Ichi Inoguchi and Hajime Urakawa in 2008. Other topics discussed are exponential harmonic maps, exponential wave maps and exponential Yang-Mills fields.
Diabetic Foot Ulcers Grand Challenge: 4th Challenge, DFUC 2024, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2024, Marrakesh, Morocco, October 6, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #15335)
by Moi Hoon Yap Connah Kendrick Raphael BrüngelThis book constitutes the 4th Challenge on Diabetic Foot Ulcers, DFUC2024, held in conjunction with the 27th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2024, in Marrakesh, Morocco, on October 6, 2024. The 8 full papers presented in this book together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 11 submissions. The task of DFUC 2024 was on self-supervised learning in ulcer segmentation, for the purpose of supporting research towards more advanced methods to overcome data deficiency and unlabelled data.
Diabetic Foot Ulcers Grand Challenge: Second Challenge, DFUC 2021, Held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2021, Strasbourg, France, September 27, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13183)
by Moi Hoon Yap Bill Cassidy Connah KendrickThis book constitutes the Second Diabetic Foot Ulcers Grand Challenge, DFUC 2021, which was held on September 27, 2021, in conjunction with the 24th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2021. The challenge took place virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.The 6 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions. There is also an overview paper on the challenge and datasets and one summary paper of DFUC 2021.
Diagnose und Förderung erlernen: Untersuchung zu Akzeptanz und Kompetenzen in einer universitären Großveranstaltung (Dortmunder Beiträge zur Entwicklung und Erforschung des Mathematikunterrichts #49)
by Johanna BrandtDie Entwicklung von Diagnose- und Förderkompetenzen ist in der fachdidaktischen Ausbildung angehender Lehrkräfte von zentraler Bedeutung. Johanna Brandt untersucht vor diesem Hintergrund die Konzeption einer Lernumgebung zum Erlernen von Diagnose und Förderung im Rahmen einer mathematikdidaktischen Großveranstaltung. Forschungsschwerpunkte der Untersuchung im Mixed-Methods-Design bilden die Akzeptanz der Studierenden gegenüber aktivierenden und fallbasierten Maßnahmen sowie die Entwicklung ihrer Kompetenzen im Bereich ‚Diagnose und Förderung‘. Die Autorin generiert mögliche akzeptanzbeeinflussende Faktoren hochschuldidaktischer Maßnahmen und zeigt, dass es auch im Rahmen einer universitären Großveranstaltung mit dreistelliger Teilnehmendenzahl möglich ist, Diagnose- und Förderkompetenzen praxisnah zu entwickeln.
Diagnose und Förderung in der elementaren Algebra: Entwicklung eines Diagnoseinstrumentes und Vorbereitung eines Förderkonzeptes (Landauer Beiträge zur mathematikdidaktischen Forschung)
by Tim LutzDieser Band berichtet die Ergebnisse des Projektes aldiff, das sich mit der Erstellung automatisiert auswertbarer Diagnose- und Fördermaterialien am Übergang Schule-Hochschule beschäftigt. Kenntnisse der elementaren Algebra sind zentrale Befähigungsvoraussetzungen für Studierende des Bereichs MINT. Universitäten und Hochschulen bereiten seit Langem Studenten in eigens konzipierten Vorbereitungs- und Unterstützungskursen studienbegleitend vor. Bislang steht dabei eher die Vermittlung "kalküllastiger" Fertigkeiten im Vordergrund als die Erlangung verstehensorientierter Fähigkeiten. An dieser Problematik setzt das Projekt aldiff mit fachdidaktischer Forschung an. Auf Basis eines theoretischen Fähigkeitsmodells für die elementare Algebra und eines Aufgabenpools werden empirische Modelle entwickelt. Das vorgeschlagene Förderkonzept ermöglicht differenzierende adaptive Unterstützungsmaßnahmen zum Einsatz am Übergang Schule-Hochschule.
Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders Based on Deep Learning Techniques
by Jyotismita ChakiThis book is based on deep learning approaches used for the diagnosis of neurological disorders, including basics of deep learning algorithms using diagrams, data tables, and practical examples, for diagnosis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. It includes application of feed-forward neural networks, deep generative models, convolutional neural networks, graph convolutional networks, and recurrent neural networks in the field of diagnosis of neurological disorders. Along with this, data preprocessing including scaling, correction, trimming, and normalization is also included. Offers a detailed description of the deep learning approaches used for the diagnosis of neurological disorders. Demonstrates concepts of deep learning algorithms using diagrams, data tables, and examples for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative, neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders. Helps build, train, and deploy different types of deep architectures for diagnosis. Explores data preprocessing techniques involved in diagnosis. Includes real-time case studies and examples. This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in biomedical imaging and machine learning.
Diagnosis, Fault Detection & Tolerant Control (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #269)
by Quanmin Zhu Nabil Derbel Jawhar GhommamThis book focuses on unhealthy cyber-physical systems. Consisting of 14 chapters, it discusses recognizing the beginning of the fault, diagnosing the appearance of the fault, and stopping the system or switching to a special control mode known as fault-tolerant control. Each chapter includes the background, motivation, quantitative development (equations), and case studies/illustration/tutorial (simulations, experiences, curves, tables, etc.). Readers can easily tailor the techniques presented to accommodate their ad hoc applications.
Diagnostic Checks in Time Series (Chapman And Hall/crc Monographs On Statistics And Applied Probability Ser. #102)
by Wai Keung LiDiagnostic checking is an important step in the modeling process. But while the literature on diagnostic checks is quite extensive and many texts on time series modeling are available, it still remains difficult to find a book that adequately covers methods for performing diagnostic checks.Diagnostic Checks in Time Series helps to fill that
Diagnostic Meta-Analysis: A Useful Tool for Clinical Decision-Making
by Giuseppe Biondi-ZoccaiThis book is the first exclusively devoted to the systematic synthesis of diagnostic test accuracy studies. It builds upon the major recent developments in reporting standards, search methods, and, in particular, statistical tools specifically devoted to diagnostic studies. In addition, it borrows extensively from the latest advances in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of intervention studies. After a section dedicated to methods for designing reviews, synthesizing evidence and appraising inconsistency in research, the application of these approaches is demonstrated in the context of case studies from various clinical disciplines. Diagnosis is central in medical decision-making, and in many other fields of human endeavor, such as education and psychology. The plurality of sources of evidence on diagnostic test accuracy poses a huge challenge for practitioners and researchers, as do the multiple dimensions of evidence validity, which include sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratios. This book offers an invaluable resource for anyone aiming to improve decision-making processes in diagnosis, classification or risk prognostication, from epidemiologists to biostatisticians, radiologists, laboratory physicians and graduate students, as any physician interested in refining his methodological skills in clinical diagnosis.
Diagnostic Methods in Time Series (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Masanobu Taniguchi Tomoyuki Amano Fumiya Akashi Anna Clara MontiThis book contains new aspects of model diagnostics in time series analysis, including variable selection problems and higher-order asymptotics of tests. This is the first book to cover systematic approaches and widely applicable results for nonstandard models including infinite variance processes. The book begins by introducing a unified view of a portmanteau-type test based on a likelihood ratio test, useful to test general parametric hypotheses inherent in statistical models. The conditions for the limit distribution of portmanteau-type tests to be asymptotically pivotal are given under general settings, and very clear implications for the relationships between the parameter of interest and the nuisance parameter are elucidated in terms of Fisher-information matrices. A robust testing procedure against heavy-tailed time series models is also constructed in the context of variable selection problems. The setting is very reasonable in the context of financial data analysis and econometrics, and the result is applicable to causality tests of heavy-tailed time series models. In the last two sections, Bartlett-type adjustments for a class of test statistics are discussed when the parameter of interest is on the boundary of the parameter space. A nonlinear adjustment procedure is proposed for a broad range of test statistics including the likelihood ratio, Wald and score statistics.
Diagnostik von besonderen Rechenschwierigkeiten in der Sekundarstufe I
by Susanne DögnitzObwohl PISA 2018 bei 21% der 14-Jährigen Defizite im basismathematischen Bereich feststellte, ist das Thema Rechenschwäche vorrangig eines der Grundschulforschung. In diesem Buch wird die Entwicklung eines nach IRT konzipierten Gruppentestverfahrens (LeDi-Arithmetik) aufgezeigt, das es Lehrkräften der Sek. I ermöglicht, mangelnde mathematische Basiskompetenzen zu erkennen. Das Testergebnis lässt eine Einordnung in Kompetenzstufen zu, die für potentiell rechenschwache Schüler*innen Ausgangspunkt einer Individualdiagnostik sein kann. Anhand von bisher publizierten Studien zu Fähigkeiten rechenschwacher Lernender sowie Entwicklungsmodellen arithmetischer Kompetenzen wurden spezifische Inhalte identifiziert und zum Teil durch verstehensorientierte Aufgabenformate, wie sie in standardisierten Tests kaum zu finden sind, umgesetzt. Auch wurden Aufgaben zu gebrochenen Zahlen konzipiert, deren Ergebnisse bei unklarer Diagnostik im Bereich der natürlichen Zahlen, herangezogen werden können. Die Analyse von 400 Schülerlösungen zeigt auf, welche Aufgabeninhalte sich zur Diagnostik im Klassenverband eignen, welcher Stellenwert verstehensorientierten Aufgaben zukommt und wie diese unter Einhaltung der Gütekriterien psychometrischer Tests verwendet werden können.