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Accelerated Path to Cures
by Josep Bassaganya-RieraAccelerated Path to Cures provides a transformative perspective on the power of combining advanced computational technologies, modeling, bioinformatics and machine learning approaches with nonclinical and clinical experimentation to accelerate drug development. <P><P> This book discusses the application of advanced modeling technologies, from target identification and validation to nonclinical studies in animals to Phase 1-3 human clinical trials and post-approval monitoring, as alternative models of drug development. As a case of successful integration of computational modeling and drug development, we discuss the development of oral small molecule therapeutics for inflammatory bowel disease, from the application of docking studies to screening new chemical entities to the development of next-generation in silico human clinical trials from large-scale clinical data. <P>Additionally, this book illustrates how modeling techniques, machine learning, and informatics can be utilized effectively at each stage of drug development to advance the progress towards predictive, preventive, personalized, precision medicine, and thus provide a successful framework for Path to Cures.
Accelerating Diagnostics in a Time of Crisis: The Response to COVID-19 and a Roadmap for Future Pandemics
by Steven C. Schachter Wade E. BoltonThose who responded to the COVID-19 pandemic have now had the opportunity to reflect on lessons learned, and in this science and data-rich book, those reflections are presented as a behind-the-scenes chronology of events and discoveries that occurred in COVID-19's wake. Offering a rubric for a future pandemic response, each chapter is written by experts, with their unique perspectives, experience, and learnings woven into visual roadmaps throughout the book. These roadmaps serve as a scaffolding upon which future healthcare leaders can build when creating, implementing and executing operational strategies in the face of future infectious disease outbreaks. Written for both lay and scientific audiences and featuring case studies which give clinical insight into the unique bond between COVID patients, their loved ones and their healthcare providers, this important book allows readers to leverage the knowledge of experts to improve the outcomes of future pandemics.
Accelerating Health Care Transformation with Lean and Innovation: The Virginia Mason Experience
by Paul E. PlsekAccelerating Health Care Transformation with Lean and Innovation: The Virginia Mason Experience describes how Virginia Mason Medical Center (VMMC) has systematically integrated innovative structures, methods, and cultural practices into its implementation of Lean. Describing how an organization can create a strategy and build a culture of innovation and learning, it supplies concrete examples that show how Lean and innovation can work hand-in-hand to improve and transform value streams. It also explains how to use the voices of patients and their families to drive improvement and innovation.
Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention: Solving the Weight of the Nation
by Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity PreventionOne-third of adults are now obese, and children's obesity rates have climbed from 5 to 17 percent in the past 30 years. The causes of the nation's obesity epidemic are multi-factorial, having much more to do with the absence of sidewalks and the limited availability of healthy and affordable foods than a lack of personal responsibility. The broad societal changes that are needed to prevent obesity will inevitably affect activity and eating environments and settings for all ages. Many aspects of the obesity problem have been identified and discussed; however, there has not been complete agreement on what needs to be done to accelerate progress. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention reviews previous studies and their recommendations and presents five key recommendations to accelerate meaningful change on a societal level during the next decade. The report suggests recommendations and strategies that, independently, can accelerate progress, but urges a systems approach of many strategies working in concert to maximize progress in accelerating obesity prevention. The recommendations in Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention include major reforms in access to and opportunities for physical activity; widespread reductions in the availability of unhealthy foods and beverages and increases in access to healthier options at affordable, competitive prices; an overhaul of the messages that surround Americans through marketing and education with respect to physical activity and food consumption; expansion of the obesity prevention support structure provided by health care providers, insurers, and employers; and schools as a major national focal point for obesity prevention. The report calls on all individuals, organizations, agencies, and sectors that do or can influence physical activity and nutrition environments to assess and begin to act on their potential roles as leaders in obesity prevention.
Accelerating the Development of Biomarkers for Drug Safety: Workshop Summary
by Institute of Medicine of the National AcademiesBiomarkers can be defined as indicators of any biologic state, and they are central to the future of medicine. As the cost of developing drugs has risen in recent years, reducing the number of new drugs approved for use, biomarker development may be a way to cut costs, enhance safety, and provide a more focused and rational pathway to drug development. On October 24, 2008, the IOM's Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held "Assessing and Accelerating Development of Biomarkers for Drug Safety," a one-day workshop, summarized in this volume, on the value of biomarkers in helping to determine drug safety during development.
Accelerating the Development of New Drugs and Diagnostics: Workshop Summary
by Steve OlsonAdvances in technologies and knowledge are creating new avenues for research and opportunities for the discovery and clinical development of innovative therapies and diagnostics. However, despite these opportunities, only a small fraction of investigational products are successfully developed into cures and therapies that can be accessed by patients. One response to the ever-widening gap between the number and promise of basic scientific discoveries and the translation of those discoveries into therapies is a renewed emphasis on collaborative approaches among federal agencies, academia, and industry, all directed at the advancement of the drug development enterprise. The newly developed Cures Acceleration Network (CAN)-a part of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-has the potential to catalyze widespread changes in NCATS, NIH, and the drug development ecosystem in general. On June 4-5, 2012, the IOM Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation held, at the request of NCATS, a workshop-bringing together members of federal government agencies, the private sector, academia, and advocacy groups-to explore options and opportunities in the implementation of CAN. Accelerating the Development of New Drugs and Diagnostics: Maximizing the Impact of the Cures Acceleration Network: Workshop Summary summarizes the workshop.
Accelerating the Education Sector Response to HIV
by Donald Bundy Anthi Patrikios Lesley Drake Changu Mannathoko Stella Manda Bachir Sarr Andy TembonThe education sector plays a key "external" role in preventing and reducing the stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS. It also plays an important "internal" role in providing access to care, treatment, and support for teachers and education staff, a group that in many countries represents more than 60 percent of the public sector workforce. The education sector can also have a critically important positive effect on the future: Even in the worst-affected countries, most schoolchildren are not infected. For these children, there is a chance to live lives free from AIDS if they can be educated on the knowledge and values that can protect them as they grow up. The authors of 'Accelerating the Education Sector Response to HIV' explore the experiences of education sectors across Sub-Saharan Africa as they scale up their responses to HIV/AIDS within the Accelerate Initiative Working Group, established in 2002 by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Inter-Agency Task Team on Education. This book demonstrates that leadership by the ministries of education and commitment from key development partners are crucial for mobilizing activities and that full participation of all stakeholders is required for effective implementation. This book summarizes the experiences of technical Focal Points from the 37 ministries of education in Sub-Saharan Africa, which are represented on the sub-regional networks for HIV and Education. These experiences prove that the education sector response can play a crucially important role in the multisectoral national responses to this epidemic.
Acceleration of Biomedical Image Processing with Dataflow on FPGAs
by Frederik Grüll Udo KebschullShort compute times are crucial for timely diagnostics in biomedical applications, but lead to a high demand in computing for new and improved imaging techniques. In this book reconfigurable computing with FPGAs is discussed as an alternative to multi-core processing and graphics card accelerators. Instead of adjusting the application to the hardware, FPGAs allow the hardware to also be adjusted to the problem. Acceleration of Biomedical Image Processing with Dataflow on FPGAs covers the transformation of image processing algorithms towards a system of deep pipelines that can be executed with very high parallelism. The transformation process is discussed from initial design decisions to working implementations. Two example applications from stochastic localization microscopy and electron tomography illustrate the approach further. Topics discussed in the book include:• Reconfigurable hardware• Dataflow computing• Image processing• Application acceleration
Accelerator Technology: Applications in Science, Medicine, and Industry (Particle Acceleration and Detection)
by Sören MöllerThis book explores the physics, technology and applications of particle accelerators. It illustrates the interconnections between applications and basic physical principles, enabling readers to better understand current and upcoming technologies and see beyond the paradigmatic borders of the individual fields. The reader will discover why accelerators are no longer just toys for scientists, but have also become modern and efficient nuclear workhorses. The book starts with an introduction to the relevant technologies and radiation safety aspects of accelerating electrons and ions from several keV to roughly 250 MeV. It subsequently describes the physics behind the interactions of these particle beams with matter. Mathematical descriptions and state-of-the-art computer models of energy-loss and nuclear interactions between the particle beams and targets round out the physics coverage. On this basis, the book then presents the most important accelerator applications in science, medicine, and industry, explaining and comparing more than 20 major application fields, encompassing semiconductors, cancer treatment, and space exploration. Despite the disparate fields involved, this book demonstrates how the same essential technology and physics connects all of these applications.
Acceptable Risk in Biomedical Research: European Perspectives (International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine #50)
by Sigmund SimonsenThis book is the first major work that addresses a core question in biomedical research: the question of acceptable risk. The acceptable level of risks is regulated by the requirement of proportionality in biomedical research law, which state that the risk and burden to the participant must be in proportion to potential benefits to the participant, society or science. This investigation addresses research on healthy volunteers, children, vulnerable subjects, and includes placebo controlled clinical trials. It represents a major contribution towards clarifying the most central, but also the most controversial and complex issue in biomedical research law and bioethics. The EU Clinical Trial Directive, the Council of Europe's Oviedo Convention (and its Additional Protocol), and national regulation in member states are covered. It is a relevant work for lawyers and ethicists, and the practical approach makes a valuable tool for researchers and members of research ethics committees supervising biomedical research.
Acceptance & Commitment Therapy: Theorie en praktijk
by Jacqueline A-TjakACT staat voor Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. ACT is een nieuwe vorm voor cognitieve gedragstherapie die snel populair geworden is in Nederland en in opkomst is in België. Dit boek is bedoeld als opstapje voor hulpverleners die geen, of maar weinig ervaring hebben met ACT. De theorie achter ACT en de filosofie van waaruit ACT wordt bedreven worden beknopt en in begrijpelijke taal uitgelegd. Er is uitgebreid aandacht voor de therapeutische relatie, iets wat binnen ACT niet slechts als randvoorwaarde, maar als een essentieel element wordt opgevat. Het overgrote deel van het boek wordt in beslag genomen door ACT in de praktijk: beschreven wordt hoe je ACT kunt toepassen bij depressie, angst, chronische pijn, psychose, trauma en complexe problematiek.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Insomnia: A Session-By-Session Guide
by Renatha El Rafihi-FerreiraThis book presents a complete guide for psychotherapists to apply a protocol based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to the treatment of insomnia. It describes an evidence-based treatment program for insomnia based on the theoretical model of ACT which allows clinicians to both apply it as monotherapy or in conjunction with behavioral components that are associated with better insomnia treatment outcomes, such as stimulus control and sleep restriction. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) is the current psychotherapy of choice to treat insomnia, but there are patients who have difficulties in adhering to some therapeutic elements and others who are refractory to this modality. Therefore, new therapeutic modalities are needed. ACT applied to insomnia has shown effective results, presenting another way to deal with the cognitive components involved in sleep difficulties. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Insomnia: A Session-By-Session Guide aims to bridge the gap between the available evidence on the use of ACT for insomnia and clinical practice by providing, in one single volume, all the necessary tools for clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and mental health professionals interested in applying this innovative evidence-based approach to the treatment of insomnia. “This innovative and well-written volume offers therapists a practical, evidence-based alternative to traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or medication-dependent treatments for insomnia. It’s important to have such choices, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) has unusual strengths in focusing on the whole person and their overall quality of life, instead of the features of sleep disruption alone. Using a carefully crafted, session-by-session approach, it equips professionals with the tools to adapt ACT to individual patient needs, making a meaningful difference in their journey towards restful sleep and greater well-being. Highly recommended”. Steven C. Hayes, Ph.D. Foundation Professor of Psychology Emeritus, University of Nevada, Reno. Originator of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Second Edition
by Steven C. Hayes Kirk D. StrosahlSince the original publication of this seminal work, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has come into its own as a widely practiced approach to helping people change. This book provides the definitive statement of ACT--from conceptual and empirical foundations to clinical techniques written by its originators. ACT is based on the idea that psychological rigidity is a root cause of a wide range of clinical problems. The authors describe effective, innovative ways to cultivate psychological flexibility by detecting and targeting six key processes: defusion, acceptance, attention to the present moment, self-awareness, values, and committed action. Sample therapeutic exercises and patient-therapist dialogues are integrated throughout. New to This Edition, Reflects tremendous advances in ACT clinical applications, theory building, and research. Psychological flexibility is now the central organizing focus. Expanded coverage of mindfulness, the therapeutic relationship, relational learning, and case formulation. Restructured to be more clinician friendly and accessible; focuses on the moment-by-moment process of therapy.
Access to Assisted Reproductive Technologies: The Case of France and Belgium (Fertility, Reproduction and Sexuality: Social and Cultural Perspectives #43)
by Jennifer MerchantDespite France and Belgium sharing and interacting constantly with similar culinary tastes, music and pop culture, access to Assisted Reproductive Technologies are strikingly different. Discrimination written into French law acutely contrasts with non-discriminatory access to ART in Belgium. The contributors of this volume are social scientists from France, Belgium, England and the United States, representing different disciplines: law, political science, philosophy, sociology and anthropology. Each author has attempted, through the prism of their specialties, to demonstrate and analyse how and why this striking difference in access to ART exists.
Access to Behavioral Health Care for Geographically Remote Service Members and Dependents in the U.S.
by Dionne Barnes-Proby Grant N. Marshall Yashodhara Rana Ryan Andrew Brown Lisa Miyashiro Coreen Farris Harold Alan Pincus Phoenix Voorhies Karen Chan Osilla Joshua Breslau Teague Ruder Katherine Pfrommer David M. AdamsonConcerns about access to behavioral health care for military service members and their dependents living in geographically remote locations prompted research into how many in this population are remote and the effects of this distance on their use of behavioral health care. The authors conducted geospatial and longitudinal analyses to answer these questions and reviewed current policies and programs to determine barriers and possible solutions.
Access to Health (10th edition)
by Rebecca J. DonatelleDonatelle (public health, Oregon State University) challenges undergraduate students to think globally as they consider health risks and personal health decisions. New opportunities for self-assessment and behavior change are offered in this edition, in the form of behavior change contracts and boxes on tattoos, safer sex, and club drugs. There is expanded information on the mind-body connection and alternative medicine, as well as new coverage of contraceptive devices and weight management. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Access to Health Care
by Martin Gulliford Myfanwy MorganTo what extent can we have truly universal, comprehensive and timely health services, equally available to all? Access to Health Care considers the meaning of 'access' in health care and examines the theoretical issues that underpin these questions. Contributors draw on a range of disciplinary perspectives to investigate key aspects of access, including:· geographical accessibility of services· socio-economic equity of access· patients' help-seeking behaviour· organisational problems and access· methods for evaluating access.Access is considered in both a UK and international context. The book includes chapters on contrasting health policies in the United States and European Union. Access to Health Care provides both health care researchers as well as health professionals, managers and policy analysts, with a clear and wide-ranging overview of topical and controversial questions in health policy and health services organization and delivery.
Access to Medical Knowledge: Libraries, Digitization, and the Public Good
by Frances K. GroenGroen examines medical librarianship, tracing its history, and considering changes in the field caused by developments in information technology and telecommunications.<P> She attempts to understand why librarians make certain choices and develop certain services. She draws on her own experiences as a medical librarian and in associations and defines three core values of medical librarians: providing access to the medical literature, empowering and educating library users, and preserving the wisdom of the past. Discussion revolves around access to clinical information and consumer health information in the internet age, challenges to providing access, alternative methods, and communication. The book is meant for medical librarians, professors, and other library and information professionals.<P> Groen has been affiliated with Falk Library of the Health Professions, U. of Pittsburgh, and the medical library at McGill U. in Canada. Annotation ©2007 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Access to Medicine Versus Test Data Exclusivity: Safeguarding Flexibilities Under International Law (Munich Studies on Innovation and Competition #4)
by Owais H. ShaikhThis book explores the concept of test data exclusivity protection for pharmaceuticals. Focusing on Art 39(3) of the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) and relevant provisions in selected free trade agreements (FTA) and national laws, it combines normative, historical, comparative and economic analysis of test data exclusivity protection. At the heart of this book is the novel and original Index of Data Exclusivity and Access (IDEAS), which analyzes the effectiveness of test data exclusivity provisions in FTAs and national laws both on the strength of exclusivity as well as on access to medicine. IDEAS provides a framework for the assessment of current test data exclusivity protection standards on the basis of their proximity to Article 39(3) of the TRIPS Agreement, the scope of exclusivity and the flexibilities in FTAs, and subsequently in national laws. This book aims to broaden national and international policy makers' grasp of the various nuances of test data exclusivity protection. Furthermore, it provides practical recommendations with regard to designing an appropriate legal system with a strong focus on promoting access to medicine for all.
Access to Medicines and Vaccines: Implementing Flexibilities Under Intellectual Property Law
by Reto M. Hilty Carlos M. CorreaThis open access book is the outcome of a Global Forum on Innovation, Intellectual Property and Access to Medicines held in December 2019 at the Max Plank Instititute in Munich, organised by the South Centre and the Max Plank Institute. The academics and experts from international organisations participating have contributed chapters to this book. The book is for policy makers (in Ministries of Health, Ministries of Trade, Ministries of Foreign Affairs, patent offices), but also relevant for academics (law, trade, public health), on the flexibilities available in the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization to promote access to medicines.
Access to Medicines as a Human Right
by Jillian Clare Kohler Lisa FormanAccording to the World Health Organization, one-third of the global population lacks access to essential medicines. Should pharmaceutical companies be ethically or legally responsible for providing affordable medicines for these people, even though they live outside of profitable markets? Can the private sector be held accountable for protecting human beings' right to health?This thought-provoking interdisciplinary collection grapples with corporate responsibility for the provision of medicines in low- and middle-income countries. The book begins with an examination of human rights, norms, and ethics in relation to the private sector, moving to consider the tensions between pharmaceutical companies' social and business duties. Broad examinations of global conditions are complemented by case studies illustrating different approaches for addressing corporate conduct. Access to Medicines as a Human Right identifies innovative solutions applicable in both global and domestic forums, making it a valuable resource for the vast field of scholars, legal practitioners, and policymakers who must confront this challenging issue.
Access to Non-Summary Clinical Trial Data for Research Purposes Under EU Law (Munich Studies on Innovation and Competition #16)
by Daria KimThis book draws a unique perspective on the regulation of access to clinical trial data as a case on research and knowledge externalities. Notwithstanding numerous potential benefits for medical research and public health, many jurisdictions have struggled to ensure access to clinical trial data, even at the level of the trial results. Pro-access policy initiatives have been strongly opposed by research-based drug companies arguing that mandatory data disclosure impedes their innovation incentives. Conventionally, access to test data has been approached from the perspective of transparency and research ethics. The book offers a complementary view and considers access to individual patient-level trial data for exploratory analysis as a matter of research and innovation policy. Such approach appears to be especially relevant in the data-driven economy where digital data constitutes a valuable economic resource. The study seeks to define how the rules of access to clinical trial data should be designed to reconcile the policy objectives of leveraging the research potential of data through secondary analysis, on the one hand, and protecting economic incentives of research-based drug companies, on the other hand. Overall, it is argued that the mainstream innovation-based justification for exclusive control over the outcomes of research and development can hardly rationalise trial sponsors’ control over primary data from trials. Instead, access to such data and its robust analysis should be prioritised.
Access to Primary Care and Preventative Health Services of Migrants (SpringerBriefs in Public Health)
by Aldo RosanoThis salient volume surveys the state of access to primary care and preventive health services by migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers across Europe. Experts in public health and allied fields identify obstacles to healthcare interventions for migrants, including costs, legal status, health-related behaviors and beliefs, and cultural and language barriers. The book includes the latest data concerning access to specific preventive services (e.g., vaccinations, colorectal screenings), specific issues of women and sexual minorities, and the potential for health promotion in prevention. Best practices for improving access are outlined as a basis for public health and policy directives toward reducing health disparities between migrant and native populations.<P><P> Among the topics covered: <P> Access to medical examination for prevention among migrants; Access and barriers to infant vaccinations, female cancer screening and colorectal screening among migrant populations; Provision and policy gap between the primary and preventive care required by and the care provided to LGBTQ+ migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers; Health related lifestyles and intermediate health conditions of migrants; Quality of primary healthcare and preventive health services provided to migrants; Adaptations of primary health care for migrants; Access to primary health care and policies on migration and health at a time of economic crisis.<P> Dedicated to bridging research and policy gaps in this vital area, Primary Care Access and Preventive Health Services of Migrants is intended for an international audience of academics, researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in public health and related disciplines.
Access: How Do Good Health Technologies Get to Poor People in Poor Countries?
by Michael Reich Laura J. FrostMany people in developing countries lack access to health technologies, even basic ones. Why do these problems in access persist? What can be done to improve access to good health technologies, especially for poor people in poor countries?This book answers those questions by developing a comprehensive analytical framework for access and examining six case studies to explain why some health technologies achieved more access than others. The technologies include praziquantel (for the treatment of schistosomiasis), hepatitis B vaccine, malaria rapid diagnostic tests, vaccine vial monitors for temperature exposure, the Norplant implant contraceptive, and female condoms. Based on research studies commissioned by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to better understand the development, adoption, and uptake of health technologies in poor countries, the book concludes with specific lessons on strategies to improve access. These lessons will be of keen interest to students of health and development, public health professionals, and health technology developers--all who seek to improve access to health technologies in poor countries. This edition now includes a new preface by the authors.
Accessibility and Active Offer: Health Care and Social Services in Linguistic Minority Communities (Health and Society)
by Marie Drolet, Pier Bouchard and Jacinthe SavardIt is imperative that we train leaders who are able to intervene efficiently with service users and to support a better organization of the workplace. It is especially important to look at the many issues related to postsecondary training and human resources, such as recruiting and keeping these leading professionals. Accessibility and Active Offer thus combines theory and empirical data to help future professionals understand the workplace issues of accessibility and active offer of minority-language services. This English-language adaptation of Accessibilité et offre active features an additional chapter by Richard Bourhis on issues specific to Anglophone communities in Québec. This multidisciplinary collective work is the first to unite researchers in health, social work, sociology, political science, public administration, law and education, in order to gain more thorough knowledge of linguistic issues in health and social services, as well as of active offer of French-language services. Published in English.