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Dose Optimization in Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography: An Essential Guide
by Euclid SeeramThis book addresses radiation protection of patients having digital radiography and computed tomography (CT) examinations. The literature on radiation doses to patients from these two modalities have reported that the doses to patients are high. As a result, the radiology community has focused on methods and procedures to keep these doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) without compromising the diagnostic image quality. This book outlines the motivation for dose optimization in radiology, identifies and describes the ICRP principle of optimization, outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in CT, and identifies and describes strategies used in digital radiography and in CT for dose optimization.This book is intended for all those working in digital radiography and CT environments including radiological technologists, and radiographers, radiologists, biomedical engineering technologists, and student medical physicists. It is best used as a supplement to radiologic science textbooks, and in particular, radiation protection textbooks. Furthermore, this book lays the foundations for students and practitioners engaged in research on dose reduction and dose optimization in radiology.· Provides practical and useful methods for optimization of doses from digital radiography and CT · Describes the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) principle of optimization · Outlines the factors affecting the dose in digital radiography and in computed tomography
Dose Optimization in Drug Development (Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences)
by Rajesh KrishnaThis reference provides a concise overview of the key principles in dose selection and optimization and demonstrates applicability to recent successful new drug applications. Compiling key issues and current research on safety, efficacy, and clinical pharmacology, and PK-PD, this volume critically highlights the multidisciplinary nature of drug dev
Dose, Benefit, and Risk in Medical Imaging (Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
by Lawrence T. Dauer Bae P. Chu Pat B. ZanzonicoThis timely overview of dose, benefit, and risk in medical imaging explains to readers how to apply this information for informed decision-making that improves patient outcomes. The chapters cover patient and physician perspectives, referral guidelines, appropriateness criteria, and quantifying medical imaging benefits. The authors have included essential discussion about radiologic physics in medical imaging, fundamentals of dose and image quality, risk assessment, and techniques for optimization and dose reduction. The book highlights practical implementation aspects with useful case studies and checklists for treatment planning. Clinicians, students, residents, and professionals in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiology, oncology, and allied disciplines will find this book an essential resource with the following key features: Discusses risk, benefit, dose optimization, safety, regulation, radiological protection, and shared & informed decision-making. Covers regulatory oversight by government agencies, manufacturers, and societies. Highlights best practices for improving patient safety and outcomes. Gives guidelines on doses associated with specific procedures.
Dose-Finding Designs for Early-Phase Cancer Clinical Trials: A Brief Guidebook to Theory and Practice (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Shigeyuki Matsui Akihiro Hirakawa Takashi DaimonThis book provides a comprehensive introduction to statistical methods for designing early phase dose-finding clinical trials. It will serve as a textbook or handbook for graduate students and practitioners in biostatistics and clinical investigators who are involved in designing, conducting, monitoring, and analyzing dose-finding trials. The book will also provide an overview of advanced topics and discussions in this field for the benefit of researchers in biostatistics and statistical science. Beginning with backgrounds and fundamental notions on dose finding in early phase clinical trials, the book then provides traditional and recent dose-finding designs of phase I trials for, e.g., cytotoxic agents in oncology, to evaluate toxicity outcome. Included are rule-based and model-based designs, such as 3 + 3 designs, accelerated titration designs, toxicity probability interval designs, continual reassessment method and related designs, and escalation overdose control designs. This book also covers more complex and updated dose-finding designs of phase I-II and I/II trials for cytotoxic agents, and cytostatic agents, focusing on both toxicity and efficacy outcomes, such as designs with covariates and drug combinations, maximum tolerated dose-schedule finding designs, and so on.
Dose-Response Analysis Using R (Chapman & Hall/CRC The R Series)
by Christian Ritz Signe Marie Jensen Daniel Gerhard Jens Carl StreibigNowadays the term dose-response is used in many different contexts and many different scientific disciplines including agriculture, biochemistry, chemistry, environmental sciences, genetics, pharmacology, plant sciences, toxicology, and zoology.In the 1940 and 1950s, dose-response analysis was intimately linked to evaluation of toxicity in terms of binary responses, such as immobility and mortality, with a limited number of doses of a toxic compound being compared to a control group (dose 0). Later, dose-response analysis has been extended to other types of data and to more complex experimental designs. Moreover, estimation of model parameters has undergone a dramatic change, from struggling with cumbersome manual operations and transformations with pen and paper to rapid calculations on any laptop. Advances in statistical software have fueled this development.Key Features: Provides a practical and comprehensive overview of dose-response analysis. Includes numerous real data examples to illustrate the methodology. R code is integrated into the text to give guidance on applying the methods. Written with minimal mathematics to be suitable for practitioners. Includes code and datasets on the book’s GitHub: https://github.com/DoseResponse. This book focuses on estimation and interpretation of entirely parametric nonlinear dose-response models using the powerful statistical environment R. Specifically, this book introduces dose-response analysis of continuous, binomial, count, multinomial, and event-time dose-response data. The statistical models used are partly special cases, partly extensions of nonlinear regression models, generalized linear and nonlinear regression models, and nonlinear mixed-effects models (for hierarchical dose-response data). Both simple and complex dose-response experiments will be analyzed.
Dosed: The Medication Generation Grows Up
by Kaitlin Bell BarnettOver the last two decades, we have seen a dramatic spike in the number of young people taking psychiatric medication--but, despite a heated debate on the issue, we haven't heard directly from the "medicated kids" themselves. In Dosed, Kaitlin Bell Barnett, who was diagnosed with depression as a teenager, weaves together stories from members of this medication generation, exploring their experiences at home, in school, and with the psychiatric profession. For many, taking meds has proved more complicated than merely popping a pill, as they try to parse their changing emotions, symptoms, side effects, and diagnoses without conclusive scientific research on how the drugs affect developing brains and bodies. While negotiating schoolwork, relationships, and the workplace, they also struggle to find the right drug, deal with breakdowns, decide whether they still need treatment at all--and, ultimately, make sense of their long-term relationship to psychotropic drugs. The results of what one psychopharmacologist describes as a "giant, uncontrolled experiment" are just starting to trickle in. Barnett shows that a lack of ready answers and guidance has often proven extremely difficult for these young people as they transition from childhood to adolescence and now to adulthood. With its in-depth accounts of individual experiences combined with sociological and scientific context, Dosed provides a much-needed road map for patients, friends, parents, and those in the helping professions trying to navigate the complicated terrain of growing up on meds.
Dosimetry in Bioelectromagnetics
by Marko MarkovDosimetry refers to the calculation and assessment of the radiation dose received by the human body. The proposed book will place emphasis on the existence of physical and biophysical dosimetry. It will be discussed for the proper description and evaluation of the signal at the power generation system. It will cover in detail 10 different parameters of EMF (electromagnetism) exposure such as amplitude, frequency, vector, time of exposure, orientation, etc. In most published papers, these parameters are not well defined.
Double Contact: A Sector General Novel (The Sector General Novels)
by James WhiteA doctor must find a diagnosis to save an alien species from extinction in this “splendid series” of science fiction adventures (Kirkus Reviews).The empathic insectoid surgeon Dr. Prilicla, a veteran of the galaxy’s top-tier hospital for years, is put in command of an expedition answering three distress beacons. What he finds is two hitherto-unknown intelligent species, one of which has nearly wiped out the other. And he also finds evidence of a botched first contact—along with a rare opportunity to set matters right.Assuming, as always, that he can make an accurate diagnosis. . . . Acclaim for the Sector General series“First class . . . thoroughly enjoyable.” —Kirkus Reviews“Wit, originality, medical expertise and sheer decency.” —Publishers Weekly“Suspenseful [and] imaginative . . . with a wry humor.” —Starlog “Marvelously entertaining . . . [an] inventive series.” —Science Fiction Chronicle
Double Threat: A Thriller
by F. Paul WilsonDouble Threat is a new stand-alone thriller from New York Times bestselling author F. Paul Wilson.Daley has a problem. Her 26-year life so far has been unconventional, to say the least, but now she’s got this voice in her head. It claims to be a separate entity that’s going to be sharing her body from now on. At first she thinks she’s schizophrenic, then considers the possibility that maybe she really has been invaded – but by what? Medical tests turn up nothing, yet the voice persists… and won’t stop talking!When she finally she accepts the reality that she has a symbiont, she discovers that together they can cure people of the incurable.Maybe hosting a symbiont isn’t such a bad thing. She retreats to a remote town in the southwest desert to hone her healing skills. But there she runs afoul of the Pendry clan, leaders of an obscure cult that worships the Visitors who inhabited the area millions of years ago. They plan to bring them back but believe Daley is the prophesied “Duad” who will undo all the cult’s efforts. She must be eliminated.You know things are bad when the voice in your head is the only one you can trust.At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.
Double-Outlet Right Ventricle
by Konstantin V. Shatalov Konstantine M. DzhidzhikhiyaDouble-outlet right ventricle (DORV) represents a great challenge for cardiac surgeons due to the absence of standard surgical approach and this book is the first complete manual detailing decision-making in all anatomical types of DORV: subaortic, subpulmonary, subarterial and noncommitted defects. It provides information regarding the molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences of the most important syndromes in patients with cyanotic congenital heart defects, arterial hypoxemia and myocardial remodeling.Double-Outlet Right Ventricle explains the most important operations using real anatomical specimens. This helps readers to understand these surgical principles from a surgeon’s perspective. All operations are described according to indication, timing, intracardiac revision (structures that should be accessed during an operation), surgical technique, advantages and disadvantages. The book is therefore of importance to all cardiac surgeons and healthcare professionals working with this group of patients.
Double-Stranded RNA: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2771)
by Xiaofei Cheng Guanwei WuThis detailed volume examines classical and cutting-edge methods involving double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), specifically regarding isolation, visualization, characterization, production, and application. Many protocols, such as co-immunoprecipitation-based isolation of double-stranded RNA-associated protein complexes, identification of mycoviruses by dsRNA extraction, application of dsRNA for fungi disease management (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cin), and production of double-stranded RNA in plants by plant viral vectors for gene silencing, can also be easily adapted for identification of viruses from other organisms, control of other pathogens, and fundamental research. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, as well as tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Reliable and practical, Double-Stranded RNA: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal reference book for students and researchers who work with dsRNA.
Double-pass Optical Quality Analysis for the Clinical Practice of Cataract
by A-Yong YuThis book introduces the principle, main parameters, acquisition mode and operation procedure of Optical Quality Analysis System II (OQAS II) based on double-pass technology. OQAS II is increasingly used in the diagnosis and assessment of ocular diseases, especially for cataract. In this book, the clinical practice of OQAS II in the field of refractive cataract surgery is emphasized, including the preoperative/postoperative evaluation of visual quality, the timing of cataract surgery, the prediction of the visual quality after cataract surgery and doctor-patient communication. We hope the book provides a reference for the clinical application of the OQAS II in the field of cataract and helps to form the worldwide standard specification to a certain extent.
Doves, Diplomats, and Diabetes: A Darwinian Interpretation of Type 2 Diabetes and Related Disorders
by Milind WatveDarwinian medicine looks at the ecological and evolutionary roots of disease. A disease is an interaction between a genome and its biotic or abiotic environment and therefore a disease is essentially an ecological process. Good understanding of ecology and a Darwinian way of thinking can give us novel and useful perspectives on health and disease. If we understand the disease process better, we can certainly prevent, control as well as treat diseases in a better way. Although the thought that the origins of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) might lie in our hunter gatherer adaptations is not new, research over the last decade makes us rethink many of the classical concepts. Brain and behavior is increasingly being recognized as central to all the endocrine, metabolic and immunological changes that earmark type 2 diabetes and other metabolic syndrome disorders. A major change in paradigm appears to be on the horizon and the proposed book intends to speed up the paradigm shift by raising important questions, pointing out flaws and inadequacies in the prevalent paradigm and stimulating radical rethinking which would redirect and refine the line of research as well as bring some fundamental changes in drug discovery and clinical practice.
Down Syndrome Screening: A Practical Guide
by Abhijit KamatThe book elucidates a practical method for prenatal screening and detecting Down syndrome in a simple and easy-to-understand language. It provides thorough knowledge on the subject, and each chapter covers a specific topic, making this book an essential quick-reference guide for every antenatal clinic. The book contains chapters on maternal serum screening, noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT), invasive testing with amniocentesis and CVS, and screening in twins. It also includes advanced chapters on multi-step screening protocols, uncommon aneuploidies, screening for preeclampsia, and open neural tube defects for clinicians interested in fetal medicine. Down syndrome is the most typical genetic condition affecting over 5 million individuals globally. Rapid advances in the medical field make it possible to identify most of these babies before birth. Hence, aneuploidy screening is now offered to pregnant women worldwide. The book aims to help obstetricians and gynecologists diagnose Down syndrome and other aneuploidies in pregnancy, avoid unnecessary testing, and remain safely within medico-legal boundaries. It is also helpful for fetal medicine students. The book helps the readers address challenging clinical scenarios and confusing test results.
Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease
by Vee PrasherThis is the first book in the field to address the underlying biological abnormalities of Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease (DAD) in people with Down syndrome. It brings together research findings relating to the neuropathology, genetics, blood markers and neurophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease in older adults with Down syndrome. Down Syndrome and Alzheimer’s Disease presents vital information to medical professionals who provide clinical care to people with Alzheimer’s disease and Down syndrome. It will also be of great benefit to researchers with an interest in Alzheimer’s disease and Down syndrome and academics researching ageing issues in people with Down Syndrome. It complements Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia in Down Syndrome and Intellectual Disabilities by the same author.
Down from Troy: A Doctor Comes of Age
by Richard SelzerSurgeon and writer Richard Selzer looks back upon his upbringing in Troy, New York during the Great Depression. The memoir deals with Selzer's struggle to please his father, who wanted him to be a doctor and his mother who wanted him to write.
Dr James Barry: A Woman Ahead of Her Time
by Jeremy Dronfield Michael Du PreezDr James Barry was many things in his life: Inspector General of Hospitals, army surgeon, duellist, reformer, ladykiller, eccentric. He performed the first successful Caesarean in the British Empire, outraged the military establishment, and gave Florence Nightingale a dressing down at Scutari. At home he was surrounded by a menagerie of animals, including a cat, a goat, a parrot and a terrier. But most astonishingly, long ago in Cork, Ireland, he had been a young girl and a mother. Drawing on a decade of research in archives all over the world, including the unearthing of previously unknown material, Michael du Preez and Jeremy Dronfield tell the amazing true story of Margaret Anne Bulkley, the young woman who broke the rules of Georgian society to become one of the most respected and controversial army surgeons of the century. In an extraordinary life, she crossed paths with the British Empire’s great and good, royalty and rebels, soldiers and slaves. A medical pioneer, she rose to a position that no woman before her had been allowed to occupy. However, for all her successes, her long, audacious deception also left her isolated, even costing her the chance to be with the man she loved.
Dr Podcast Scripts for the Final FRCA
by Gary Thomas Emily Johnson Rebecca Leslie Philip HarringtonWidely popular amongst exam candidates, Dr Podcast Scripts is a great way to revise for your Final FRCA. Providing questions and model answers spanning the breadth of the exam syllabus and fully updated in this second edition, this revision aid allows you to experience the format of questions likely to be asked and it provides tips on how to excel in the exam. Supplemented with helpful illustrations to explain answers, you will learn what to expect in the exam and how differently worded questions on the same topic require modified approaches. Written and updated by successful candidates providing insight and experience of the exam, all the material has been reviewed by experienced consultants with detailed knowledge of the educational standards. If you are preparing for your Final FRCA exam, Dr Podcast Scripts for the Final FRCA is a must!
Dr Podcast Scripts for the Primary FRCA
by Emily Johnson Rebecca Leslie Alexander Goodwin Samuel NavaWidely popular amongst exam candidates, Dr Podcast Scripts is a great way to revise for your Primary FRCA. Providing questions and model answers spanning the breadth of the exam syllabus and fully updated in this second edition, this revision aid allows you to experience the format of questions likely to be asked and it provides tips on how to excel in the exam. Supplemented with helpful illustrations to explain answers, you will learn what to expect in the exam and how differently worded questions on the same topic require modified approaches. Written and updated by successful candidates providing insight and experience of the exam, all the material has been reviewed by experienced consultants with detailed knowledge of the educational standards. If you are preparing for your Primary FRCA exam, Dr Podcast Scripts for the Primary FRCA is a must!
Dr Velascos' Unexpected Baby
by Dianne DrakeWorld-class surgeon Gabriel Velascos had never planned on returning home, but his orphaned baby niece needed him. Looking after tiny Ana Maria may prove to be this top-notch surgeon's greatest challenge yet!Dr. Arabella Burke came to Peru to establish a much-needed medical center. However, her instant attraction to Gabriel is a distraction she doesn't want or need! But the sight of the powerful surgeon cradling this tiny baby slowly melts her resolve. Here in this fiery Latin landscape, might she have finally found the family of her dreams...?
Dr. A's Habits of Health: The Path to Permanent Weight Control and Optimal Health
by Dr Wayne Scott AndersenIf you've ever tried to lose weight only to gain it back, Dr. A's Habits of Health offers a life-changing breakthrough that shows you not only how to reach and maintain your healthy weight, but how to create a life of renewed vibrancy, health, and spirit all under the easy-to-follow guidance of one of America's most esteemed and compassionate practitioners of weight loss and optimal health. Join thousands of people worldwide who've gone from discouragement to confidence, from depletion to unimaginable vitality, and discover how you can live better, happier, and healthier into your eighties, nineties, and beyond.
Dr. Alan R. Moritz and Forensic Pathology: Tales That Dead Men Tell
by Rob MoritzForensic science has become a mainstay of popular culture on television, in movies, books, and podcasts. Dr. Alan R. Moritz (1899-1986) was a highly influential figure in the development of the field of forensic science as we know it today.Dr. Alan R. Moritz and Forensic Pathology: Tales that Dead Men Tell, written by Dr. Moritz’s journalist grandson Rob Moritz, recounts his life and career from personal papers and correspondence, interviews, newspaper accounts and other sources, including archived materials from Harvard Medical School, the Rockefeller Foundation, Case Western Reserve University and the University Hospitals of Cleveland. Chapters chronicle more than a half-century of ground-breaking research and high-profile investigations, including some of the 20th century’s most infamous cases. This includes the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the Sam Shepherd case, the Cocoanut Grove nightclub fire, the Attica prison riots and the Texas Tower sniper, as well as his contributions to the well-known Nutshell Studies of Unexplained Death. Dr. Moritz, the inspiration for the first on-screen forensic scientist, is credited with being one of the most prominent pioneers of the last century, helping to move forensic medicine from the political jurisdiction of untrained local coroners to a respected scientific discipline that fascinates the public.The book also details Dr. Moritz’s travels, during which he experienced some of society’s darkest chapters. This includes an infamous lynching during the “Red Summer” of 1919, the rise of Nazi Germany and the degradation of apartheid in South Africa, all of which influenced and shaped his worldview. Highlights of Dr. Moritz’s work, recounted in detail, include career stops at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland and Harvard Medical School in Boston. Coverage details his most salient and well-known research—as well as insightful anecdotes and stories that demonstrate Dr. Moritz’s character and the development and evolution of his scientific views over the years.This book: Profiles the life of a well-known and impactful figure in the advancement of forensic pathology’s public perception and practices in the United States. Provides background on Dr. Moritz’s seminal work, the article Classical Mistakes in Forensic Pathology Is of interest to medical practitioners, history of science buffs, and forensic practitioners interested in the early history and development of forensic pathology as a discipline Dr. Alan R. Moritz and Forensic Pathology fills in a missing chapter on the life, research, and lasting legacy of Dr. Moritz, providing insight into the development of modern forensic pathology practice by examining the momentous contributions and character of one of its true pioneers.
Dr. Benjamin Rush: The Founding Father Who Healed a Wounded Nation
by Harlow Giles UngerA gripping, often startling biography of the Founding Father of an America that other Founding Fathers forgot--an America of women, African Americans, Jews, Roman Catholics, Quakers, indentured workers, the poor, the mentally ill, and war veteransNinety percent of Americans could not vote and did not enjoy rights to life, liberty, or the pursuit of happiness when our Founding Fathers proclaimed, "all men are created equal." Alone among those who signed the Declaration of Independence, Benjamin Rush heard the cries of those other, deprived Americans and stepped forth as the nation's first great humanitarian and social reformer.Remembered primarily as America's leading, most influential physician, Rush led the Founding Fathers in calling for abolition of slavery, equal rights for women, improved medical care for injured troops, free health care for the poor, slum clearance, citywide sanitation, an end to child labor, free universal public education, humane treatment and therapy for the mentally ill, prison reform, and an end to capital punishment. Using archival material from Edinburgh, London, Paris, and Philadelphia, as well as significant new materials from Rush's descendants and historical societies, Harlow Giles Unger's new biography restores Benjamin Rush to his rightful place in American history as the Founding Father of modern American medical care and psychiatry.
Dr. Bernstein’s Diabetes Solution: The Complete Guide to Achieving Normal Blood Sugars
by Richard K. BernsteinIn this revised and updated edition of his work, Dr. Bernstein provides an accessible, detailed guide to his revolutionary approach to normalizing blood sugars and thereby preventing or reversing long-term complications of diabetes.
Dr. Bob and Bill W. Speak
by Michael FitzpatrickLearn about the luminaries behind one of the greatest social movements of our time through the never-before-published recordings, letters, and stories found in this intimate multimedia retrospective.This unique book and audio CD draw on letters, journal entries, and speeches from Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) conferences and recorded conversations to tell the personal stories of AA cofounders Dr. Bob and Bill W. The book and CD reveal the cofounders' unique contributions to the creation and development of AA, the Big Book, and the Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions. The book explores their lives, starting with their early drinking days, while the audio recordings begin with their first speeches in the 1940s and continue through Bill W.'s last talk given at the Miami International Convention in 1970, just months before he died.AA historian and archivist Michael Fitzpatrick used his research conducted at Stepping Stones (the former home of Bill W.) and Dr. Bob's home, excerpts from the AA Grapevine, and his own private collection to offer this multimedia retrospective.