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Everything Is Tuberculosis: The History and Persistence of Our Deadliest Infection
by John GreenJohn Green, the #1 bestselling author of The Anthropocene Reviewed and a passionate advocate for global healthcare reform, tells a deeply human story illuminating the fight against the world’s deadliest infectious disease. <p> “This highly readable call to action could not be more timely.” –Kirkus, starred review. <p> “Memorably probes the intersections of medicine and human emotion.” –Bookpage, starred review. <p> Tuberculosis has been entwined with humanity for millennia. Once romanticized as a malady of poets, today tuberculosis is seen as a disease of poverty that walks the trails of injustice and inequity we blazed for it. In 2019, author John Green met Henry Reider, a young tuberculosis patient at Lakka Government Hospital in Sierra Leone. John became fast friends with Henry, a boy with spindly legs and a big, goofy smile. In the years since that first visit to Lakka, Green has become a vocal advocate for increased access to treatment and wider awareness of the healthcare inequities that allow this curable, preventable infectious disease to also be the deadliest, killing over a million people every year. <p> In Everything Is Tuberculosis, John tells Henry’s story, woven through with the scientific and social histories of how tuberculosis has shaped our world—and how our choices will shape the future of tuberculosis. <b>New York Times Bestseller</b>
Everything You Need to Know to Manage Type 2 Diabetes: Simple Steps for Surviving and Thriving with the Low GI Plan
by Kaye Foster-Powell Jennie Brand-Miller Stephen Colagiuri Alan BarclayA practical, easy-to-use guide to help you manage type 2 diabetes or prediabetes If you are one of the millions of people living with diabetes or prediabetes, you may feel like you're inundated with information on how to manage your condition. The good news is that we now know a lot more about managing diabetes or reducing your risk of developing it--and here, the world's foremost glycemic index experts share their wisdom. Rather than blind you with science or swamp you with facts, Everything You Need to Know to Manage Type 2 Diabetes sets out clearly and simply what you need to eat and do to help you: Reduce your risk of developing diabetes Improve your insulin sensitivity and your cardiovascular health Keep your blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and blood fats under control Reduce your body fat and maintain a healthy body With tips and strategies for working with your doctor, the most recent info on medications, and guidance on the best foods to eat (at home or at a restaurant), Everything You Need to Know to Manage Type 2 Diabetes offers uncomplicated, straightforward advice to help you survive--and thrive.
Everything in Its Place: First Loves and Last Tales
by Oliver SacksFrom the bestselling author of Gratitude and On the Move, a final volume of essays that showcases Sacks's broad range of interests--from his passions for ferns, swimming, and horsetails, to his final case histories exploring schizophrenia, dementia, and Alzheimer's.Oliver Sacks, renowned scientist and storyteller, is adored by readers for his neurological case histories, his fascination and familiarity with human behaviour at its most unexpected and unfamiliar. Everything in Its Place is a celebration of Sacks's myriad interests, all told with his characteristic compassion, erudition, and luminous prose. From the celebrated case history of Spalding Gray that appeared in The New Yorker four months before his death to reflections on mental asylums; from piercing accounts of Schizophrenia to a reminiscence of Robin Williams; from the riveting tale of a medical colleague falling victim to Alzheimer's to the cinematography of Michael Powell, this volume celebrates and reflects the wondrous curiosity of Oliver Sacks.
Everything in Its Place: First Loves and Last Tales
by Oliver SacksFrom the legendary author of The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat: a volume of essays on everything from primordial life and the mysteries of the brain to the ancient ginkgo and the power of the written word. "Magical . . . [Everything in Its Place] showcases the neurologist's infinitely curious mind."—People MagazineIn this volume, Oliver Sacks examines the many passions that defined his life--both as a doctor engaged with the central questions of human existence and as a polymath conversant in all the sciences. Everything in Its Place brings together writings on a rich variety of topics. Why do humans need gardens? How, and when, does a physician tell his patient she has Alzheimer's? What is social media doing to our brains? In several of the compassionate case histories included here, we see Sacks consider the enigmas of depression, psychosis, and schizophrenia for the first time. In others, he returns to conditions that have long fascinated him: Tourette's syndrome, aging, dementia, and hallucinations. In counterpoint to these elegant investigations of what makes us human, this volume also includes pieces that celebrate Sacks's love of the natural world--and his final meditations on life in the twenty-first century.
Evidence Based Equine Nutrition: A Practical Approach For Professionals
by Louise Jones Nikki Bell Rod Fisher Faith Burden Bryony WitherowThis book uniquely provides both the scientific basis of equine nutrition and the translation of that science into practical, day-to-day feeding advice. It summarises the latest research to provide readers with the evidence base needed to both confidently advise those who want to understand the science behind equine nutrition, and apply that evidence into practical advice for anyone who just wants to know how to feed horses. Both veterinary and animal science courses struggle to provide adequate nutrition training within their syllabuses. Much of the general information available is poorly explained and not evidence based. This book fills that gap, with the author team relaying over 50 cumulative years' experience teaching equine nutrition to both practising clinicians and students. Find answers to the most common queries and challenges encountered during nutritional consultations across 17 informative chapters, using typical case-based examples as experienced by the authors. Fully supported throughout with visual aids and photographic illustrations, they show how to easily increase compliance and understanding. Key topics covered include: How to take a diet history, including which forage and concentrates are most appropriate, and how to interpret the information on feed labels; How to take the horse's history, including workload, body weight and body fat scoring; Supporting achievable and sustainable fat loss in overweight horses; Appropriate rations across a range of performance disciplines and for breeding horses; Appropriate feeds and supplements for competition, including how to recognise potential hazards, signs of quality and issues of feed safety; How to use ration programmes, including a range of frequently asked questions for horses with specific nutritional requirements from allergies to obesity. A recommended resource to support the teaching of veterinary nutrition, this book should also be found on the bookshelf of all veterinarians, animal scientists, trainers, nutritionists, and nutritional advisors. This book includes forewords by Carl Lester, Honorary Fellow of the British Horse Society and recipient of an MBE for his services to Equestrianism, and Tim Mair, former President of the British Equine Veterinary Association.
Evidence Based Global Health Manual for Preterm Birth Risk Assessment
by Dilly Oc Anumba Shamanthi M. JayasooriyaThis is an open access book. In this open access book the NIHR Global Health research group on preterm birth, PRIME, prioritizes the development of prenatal risk assessment guidance for preterm birth. This book is based on global literature, published international, national and regional guidance and it is structured into six chapters providing: an overview of the domains for risk assessment and the summary recommendations in greater depth maternal demographics and past pregnancy histories, accurate pregnancy dating, and the contribution of infection, nutritional status and substance misuse to preterm birth risk. Each chapter has structured sections which include a) background information, b) an evidence statement highlighting the risk factors covered, and c) practical recommendations for evaluating those risks as well as the evidenced recommended and effective interventions for women deemed to be at risk. The chapter ends with clinical and research recommendations regarding factors of unknown or unproven risk (“myth busters”). This open access book will be a very useful guide for all health care professionals involved in delivering pregnancy care.
Evidence Based Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
by Mark Wick Alberto M. MarchevskyFocusing on practical, patient related issues, this volume provides the basic concepts of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) as they relate to Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and presents various practical applications. It includes EBM concepts for use in the identification of cost-effective panels of immunostains and other laboratory tests and for improvement of diagnostic accuracy based on the identification of selected diagnostic features for particular differential diagnosis. EBM concepts are also put forth for use in Meta-analysis to integrate the results of conflicting literature reports and use of novel analytical tools such as Bayesian belief networks, neural networks, multivariate statistics and decision tree analysis for the development of new diagnostic and prognostic models for the evaluation of patients. This volume will be of great value to pathologists who will benefit from the concepts being promoted by EBM, such as levels of evidence, use of Bayesian statistics to develop diagnostic and other rules and stronger reliance on "hard data" to support therapeutic and diagnostic modalities.
Evidence Based Practice for Health Professionals
by Bernadette Howlett Ellen RogoEvidence Based Practice for Health Professionals is included in the 2015 edition of the essential collection of Doody’s Core Titles. Evidence based practice (EBP) has become the standard in health care practice today. Evidence Based Practice for Health Professionals covers the fundamentals of applying medical evidence to clinical practice and discussing research findings with patients and fellow professionals. This essential text explains the basic concepts of EBP, its applications in health care, and how to interpret biostatistics and biomedical research. With examples derived from multiple health professions, Evidence Based Practice for Health Professionals teaches the skills needed to access and interpret research in order to successfully apply it to collaborative, patient-centered health care decisions. Students gain valuable practice with skill-building learning activities, such as explaining the evidence for treatments to patients, developing a standard of care, selecting a diagnostic tool, and designing community-based educational materials. Evidence-Based Practice for Health Professionals also helps prepare students to communicate knowledgeably with members of interprofessional healthcare teams as well as with pharmaceutical sales representatives. <P><P> • Covers EBP fundamentals and their application to clinical practice • Teaches the skills needed to interpret medical research and apply it to patient care • Enables students to develop EBP skills with practical learning activities • Prepares students to communicate about medical evidence with patients and fellow professionals INSTRUCTOR RESOURCES • Instructor’s Manual • PowerPoint Presentations • Test Bank • Handouts Student Resources: Companion Website* *Each new copy of the textbook includes an access code for the Companion Website. Please note electronic formats/eBooks do not include access to the Companion Website.
Evidence Based Practice in Pediatric Radiation Oncology
by Supriya Mallick Shikha Goyal Renu MadanThe book covers all the practical aspects of pediatric radiation oncology. It explains basic principles of pediatric radiation oncology, indications of radiation in various diseases, radiation dose and target volumes in brachytherapy and in external body radiation therapy, side effects of radiation therapy, and follow up protocol in an evidence based manner. It also briefly discusses other treatment modalities, including surgery and chemotherapy. The book also covers historical aspect of radiation therapy. It elaborates on how modern radiotherapy techniques have helped in reducing the side effects of the radiation (a major concern that leads to radiation defer in children) as compared to the previous years without compromising outcomes. It highlights various issues that makes pediatric radiation oncology more complex as compared to adult radiation therapy. It discusses some newer techniques of radiotherapy and particle therapy. The book will help radiotherapy/radiation oncology students and faculty, pediatric oncology students and oncologists to understand and practice pediatric radiation oncology in a better and evidence based manner.
Evidence Based Symptom Control in Palliative Care: Systemic Reviews and Validated Clinical Practice Guidelines for 15 Common Problems in Patients with Life Limiting Disease
by Linda S. TylerMake your patients’final days as comfortable as possible!There are few situations more challenging and emotionally taxing to a medical professional than the care of the terminally ill. Much has been learned in recent years about symptom control that can profoundly improve the quality of life in a patient's final days.Evide
Evidence Based Treatments for Trauma-Related Psychological Disorders
by Ulrich Schnyder Marylène CloitreThis book offers an evidence based guide for clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and other clinicians working with trauma survivors in various settings. It provides easily digestible, up-to-date information on the basic principles of traumatic stress research and practice, including psychological and sociological theories as well as epidemiological, psychopathological, and neurobiological findings. However, as therapists are primarily interested in how to best treat their traumatized patients, the core focus of the book is on evidence based psychological treatments for trauma-related mental disorders. Importantly, the full range of trauma and stress related disorders is covered, including Acute Stress Reaction, Complex PTSD and Prolonged Grief Disorder, reflecting important anticipated developments in diagnostic classification. Each of the treatment chapters begins with a short summary of the theoretical underpinnings of the approach, presents a case illustrating the treatment protocol, addresses special challenges typically encountered in implementing this treatment, and ends with an overview of related outcomes and other research findings. Additional chapters are devoted to the treatment of comorbidities, special populations and special treatment modalities and to pharmacological treatments for trauma-related disorders. The book concludes by addressing the fundamental question of how to treat whom, and when.
Evidence Based Treatments for Trauma-Related Psychological Disorders: A Practical Guide for Clinicians
by Ulrich Schnyder Marylène CloitreThe second, completely updated edition of this book offers an evidence based guide for clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, psychotherapists and other clinicians working with trauma survivors in various settings. It provides easily digestible, up-to-date information on the basic principles of traumatic stress research and practice, including psychological and sociological theories as well as epidemiological, psychopathological, and neurobiological findings. However, as therapists are primarily interested in how to best treat their traumatized patients, the core focus of the book is on evidence based psychological treatments for trauma-related mental disorders. The full range of trauma and stress related disorders is covered, including Acute Stress Reaction, Complex PTSD and Prolonged Grief Disorder, reflecting important anticipated developments in diagnostic classification. Each of the treatment chapters begins with a short summary of the theoretical underpinnings of the approach, presents a case illustrating the treatment protocol, addresses special challenges typically encountered in implementing this treatment, and ends with an overview of related outcomes and other research findings. Additional chapters are devoted to the treatment of comorbidities, special populations and special treatment modalities and to pharmacological treatments for trauma-related disorders. A novel addition is the chapter on Innovative interventions to increase global mental health. The book concludes by addressing the fundamental question of how to treat whom, and when.
Evidence Based Validation of Traditional Medicines: A comprehensive Approach
by Saikat Sen Raja Chakraborty Subhash C. MandalThe demand for traditional medicines, herbal health products, herbal pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, food supplements and herbal cosmetics etc. is increasing globally due to the growing recognition of these products as mainly non-toxic, having lesser side effects, better compatibility with physiological flora, and availability at affordable prices. In the last century, medical science has made incredible advances all over the globe. In spite of global reorganization and a very sound history of traditional uses, the promotion of traditional medicine faces a number of challenges around the globe, primarily in developed nations. Regulation and safety is the high concern for the promotion of traditional medicine. Quality issues and quality control, pharmacogivilane, scientific investigation and validation, intellectual property rights, and biopiracy are some key issues that restrain the advancement of traditional medicine around the globe. This book contains diverse and unique chapters, explaining in detail various subsections like phytomolecule, drug discovery and modern techniques, standardization and validation of traditional medicine, and medicinal plants, safety and regulatory issue of traditional medicine, pharmaceutical excipients from nature, plants for future. The contents of the book will be useful for the academicians, researchers and people working in the area of traditional medicine.
Evidence Informed Nursing with Older People
by Irene Schofield Debbie Tolson Joanne BoothEvidence Informed Nursing with Older People is an essential text for nursing students and registered nurses working with older people who are seeking to make connections between theory, evidence and value based gerontological practice. The rapidly rising aging global population requires that more attention is given to the needs and requirements of older people. This textbook is a key resource for nursing students and registered nurses working with older people who wish to improve their practice. Evidence Informed Nursing with Older People takes a unique case-study approach, with individual chapters presenting nursing practice-based case studies on some of the most common areas of care faced by nurses working around the world with older people. Each case study illustrates the connections between practice, theory, evidence and values. User-friendly and accessible, this textbook includes key points, reflection activities, test points, and perspectives from older people throughout. Key features An up-to-date treatment of the nursing contribution to key geriatric syndromes International expert contributions from the UK, Sweden, Switzerland, Australia and China An evidence-based, case-study approach to the care of older people
Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare
by A. E. Ades Nicky J. Welton Keith R. Abrams Alexander J. Sutton Nicola J. CooperIn the evaluation of healthcare, rigorous methods of quantitative assessment are necessary to establish interventions that are both effective and cost-effective. Usually a single study will not fully address these issues and it is desirable to synthesize evidence from multiple sources. This book aims to provide a practical guide to evidence synthesis for the purpose of decision making, starting with a simple single parameter model, where all studies estimate the same quantity (pairwise meta-analysis) and progressing to more complex multi-parameter structures (including meta-regression, mixed treatment comparisons, Markov models of disease progression, and epidemiology models). A comprehensive, coherent framework is adopted and estimated using Bayesian methods.Key features:A coherent approach to evidence synthesis from multiple sources.Focus is given to Bayesian methods for evidence synthesis that can be integrated within cost-effectiveness analyses in a probabilistic framework using Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation.Provides methods to statistically combine evidence from a range of evidence structures.Emphasizes the importance of model critique and checking for evidence consistency.Presents numerous worked examples, exercises and solutions drawn from a variety of medical disciplines throughout the book.WinBUGS code is provided for all examples. Evidence Synthesis for Decision Making in Healthcare is intended for health economists, decision modelers, statisticians and others involved in evidence synthesis, health technology assessment, and economic evaluation of health technologies.
Evidence Synthesis in Healthcare
by Ara Darzi Thanos AthanasiouEvidence Synthesis in Healthcare - a Practical Handbook for Clinicians is the first book to reveal the field of Evidence Synthesis, by combining multiple sources of quantitative/qualitative data to derive the best evidence for use in healthcare. Through the use of clearly explained examples and practical explanations, Evidence Synthesis in Healthcare - a Practical Handbook for Clinicians describes the practical tools, techniques, uses and policy considerations of evidence synthesis techniques in modern healthcare practice.
Evidence and Hypothesis in Clinical Medical Science (Synthese Library #426)
by John Alexander PinkstonIn this book, the author argues that no current philosophical theory of evidence in clinical medical science is adequate. None can accurately explain the way evidence is gathered and used to confirm hypotheses. To correct this, he proposes a new approach called the weight of evidence account. This innovative method supplies a satisfactory explanation and rationale for the “hierarchical pyramid” of evidence–based medicine, with randomized clinical trials and their derivatives, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials at the top and case reports, case series, expert opinion, and the like at the bottom. The author illustrates the development of various “levels” of evidence by considering the evolution of less invasive surgical treatments for early breast cancer. He shows that the weight of evidence account explains the notion of levels of evidence and other efforts to rank them. In addition, he presents a defense of randomization as a method to maximize accuracy in the conduct of clinical trials. The title also considers ethical issues surrounding experimentation with medical therapies in human subjects. It illustrates and discusses these issues in studies of respiratory therapies in neonates and treatment for certain cancers in adults. The author shows that in many cases sufficient evidence can be accrued to warrant generally accepted new therapies without the need for evidence derived from randomized clinical trials.
Evidence and Rational Based Research on Chinese Drugs
by Gudrun Ulrich-Merzenich Hildebert WagnerAfter the successful introduction of acupuncture to the West, recent advances in analytical methods in chemistry, molecular biology and systems biology - especially the development of the "omic" technologies - have again brought Chinese drugs into the focus of research on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). With more than 1000 publications on the chemistry, molecular biology and pharmacology of TCM drugs in international journals over the last 10 years, Chinese drugs are gaining increasingly reputation and impact. These data offer great opportunities for the development of new pharmaceuticals for various clinical applications. International scientists have compiled relevant and trend setting research results in this book. Topics range from the latest methods of quality and safety assurance by chemical and genetic fingerprints to the development of new pharmaceuticals for a future evidence-based therapy e.g. for cancer, cardiovascular, inflammatory or infectious diseases as well as to recent experimental results on multitarget and synergy research for the preparation of multi-extract-pharmaceuticals from TCM.
Evidence and Skills for Normal Labour and Birth: A Guide for Midwives
by Denis WalshEvidence-based care is a well established principle in contemporary healthcare and a worldwide health care movement. However, despite the emphasis on promoting evidence-based or effective care without the unnecessary use of technologies and drugs, intervention rates in childbirth continue to rise rapidly. This new edition emphasises the importance of translating evidence into skilful practice. It updates the evidence around what works best for normal birth, aspects of which still remain hidden and ignored by some maternity care professionals. Beginning with the decision about where to have a baby, through all the phases of labour to the immediate post-birth period, it systematically details research and other evidence sources that endorse a low intervention approach. The second edition: has been expanded with new chapters on Preparation for Childbirth and Waterbirth highlights where the evidence is compelling discusses its application where women question its relevance to them and where the practitioner's expertise leads them to challenge it gives background and context before discussing the research to date includes questions for reflection, skills sections and practice recommendations generated from the evidence. Using evidence drawn from a variety of sources, Evidence and Skills for Normal Labour and Birth critiques institutionalised, scientifically managed birth and endorses a more humane midwifery-led model. Packed with up-to-date and relevant information, this text will help all students, practising midwives and doulas keep abreast of the evidence surrounding normal birth and ensure their practice takes full advantage of it.
Evidence based diagnostics of musculoskeletal disorders in primary care
by Arianne Verhagen Jeroen AlessieThis book provides an overview of the evidence that underpins history taking, physical examination, specific tests and diagnostic imaging in patients with musculoskeletal disorders that consult primary care.
Evidence based practice in Neuro-oncology
by Supriya Mallick Goura K. Rath Prashanth GiridharThis book provides evidence-based management in neuro-oncology covering all aspects such as pathology, radiology, surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.The field of neuro-oncology is rapidly evolving and new evidence is coming out every day towards the optimal management of brain tumors. This necessitates a requirement of a complete guide that shall provide an evidence-based and personalized approach towards dealing with patients. This book also covers recent advances in personalized treatment formed through the relevant basis of anatomy, imaging, radiology, surgical, radiation and systemic treatment of brain and spinal tumors. In addition it also covers the , practical aspects of the planning of the Gamma knife and other radio surgical aspects. The book shall provide valuable assistance to practicing neuro-oncologists to practice better evidence-based personalized medicine.
Evidence for Health
by Anne AndermannEvidence for Health: From Patient Choice to Global Policy is a practical guide to evidence-informed decision-making. It provides health practitioners and policy-makers with a broad overview of how to improve health and reduce health inequities, as well as the tools needed to make informed decisions that will have a positive influence on health. Chapters address questions such as: What are the major threats to health? What are the causes of poor health? What works to improve health? How do we know that it works? What are the barriers to implementation? What are the measures of success? The book provides an algorithm for arriving at evidence-informed decisions that take into consideration the multiple contextual factors and value judgements involved. Written by a specialist in public health with a wealth of international experience, this user-friendly guide demystifies the decision-making process, from personal decisions made by individual patients to global policy decisions.
Evidence for Neurosurgery: Effective Procedures and Treatment
by Ronald H. M. A. Bartels Maroeska M. Rovers Gert P. WestertThis book covers spinal, cranial and peripheral nerve surgeries. Each chapter has a uniform format for ease of reading, including a description of the problem, a literature summary and analysis, and conclusions made using evidence-based medicine (including the GRADE method).The scientific evidence for a selection of neurosurgical procedures for well-known pathologic entities is thoroughly summarized and analysed in order to provide an overview of the efficacy and effectiveness of procedures in relation to the target patient population. Evidence for Neurosurgery: Effective Procedures & Treatment is aimed at a professional audience of junior and consultant neurosurgeons, researchers in the area, and policy makers.
Evidence in Anti-Doping at the Intersection of Science & Law
by Marjolaine ViretThis book is a comprehensive, practice-oriented guide to the evidentiary regime under the 2015 World Anti-Doping Code (WADC) including the functioning of the Athlete Biological Passport. It is the first to show how the interplay between science and law affects the collection and evaluation of evidence in anti-doping, and how paradigm shifts in anti-doping strategies may modify evidentiary assumptions implicit to the WADC regime. Unique in its dealing with the subtleties of anti-doping science and legal implications, the book gives lawyers involved in anti-doping the keys to a better understanding of the science underlying the WADC regime, while providing anti-doping scientists with the first reference material to understand the legal framework in which their activities are embedded. The emphasis of the book is on international doping cases and it relies predominantly on CAS awards published up to Spring 2015. Written by an experienced Swiss lawyer it provides an insight into the Swiss legal system and its importance for the legal practice in doping matters. Marjolaine Viret is an attorney-at-law in Geneva, Switzerland, specialising in sports and health law. She has gained significant experience in sports arbitration as a senior associate in one of Switzerland's leading law firms. She also holds positions within committees in sport, in particular as a member of the UCI Anti-Doping Commission. Ms Viret had her doctorate on anti-doping approved summa cum laude in 2015. She participates as a researcher in a project for a commentary of the 2015 WADC funded by the National Science Foundation and is regularly invited to lecture or speak in various fields of sports law. The book appears in the ASSER International Sports Law Series, under the editorship of Dr. Dave McArdle, Prof. Dr. Ben Van Rompuy and Marco A. van der harst LL. M.
Evidence in Breast Cancer
by Supriya Mallick Chitresh Kumar SharmaThe book addresses different aspects in the management of breast cancer, starting from, risk stratification, prevention strategy, diagnostic methods, pathology, molecular aspects, different treatment, survival etc. It highlights the latest evidence available for breast cancer management in tabular algorithmic fashion for easy understanding. The book serves as a handy resource and guide for radiation, surgical and medical oncologists during their residency and early career practitioners in learning evidence-based management of breast cancer. It will also be useful for other branches like Breast and Endocrine surgery, general surgery, onco-anesthesia and palliative medicine, oncology nursing, etc.