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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Brain Diseases
by Dwayne Holmes Judith Wagner Vivi M. Heine Stephanie DoovesBrain diseases can have a large impact on patients and society, and treatment is often not available. A new approach in which somatic cells are reprogrammed into induced pluripotent cells (iPS cells) is a significant breakthrough for regenerative medicine. This promises patient-specific tissue for replacement therapies, as well as disease-specific cells for developmental modeling and drug treatment screening. However, this method faces issues of low reprogramming efficiency, and poorly defined criteria for determining the conversion of one cell type to another. Cells contain epigenetic "memories" of what they were that can affect reprogramming. This book discusses the various methods to reprogram cells, the control and determination of cell identity, the epigenetic models that have emerged and the application of iPS cell therapy for brain diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease and Vanishing White Matter (VWM).
Inducible Lymphoid Organs (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology #426)
by Kenji Kabashima Gyohei EgawaThis book sheds new light on “inducible” lymphoid organs (ILOs): antigen presentation sites that are generated de novo in peripheral tissues under various pathogenic conditions. Accomplished immunologists demonstrate that the physiological role of these ILOs is completely different from that of central lymphoid organs, i.e., the lymph nodes or spleen. In addition to the central organs, the ILOs are considered essential structures for the efficient elicitation of adaptive immune responses in lesions.The respective chapters highlight examples from multiple sites, e.g. the skin, lung, intestinal tract, genital tract, the synovial membrane of the joints and artificial lymph nodes. Accordingly, readers will learn that ILO structure and function can vary substantially, depending on the context. Presenting the results of the latest immunological research, the book offers a fascinating and insightful read for both scientists and clinicians in the areas of infectious and immune-associated diseases.
Inducing Immunity?: Justifying Immunization Policies in Times of Vaccine Hesitancy (Basic Bioethics)
by Roland Pierik Marcel VerweijWhy immunization must be made mandatory in times of vaccine hesitancy, and how we can design and implement immunization policies in a practical, trustworthy, and democratic way.We live in perilous times when a significant number of citizens are either defiantly antivaccination or hesitant to accept vaccinations for themselves or for their children. In Inducing Immunity?, legal philosopher Roland Pierik and bioethicist Marcel Verweij, explore ways to regulate collective immunization in as democratic a manner as possible. Approaching the problem as a matter of a conflict between the responsibility of government to protect public health and the basic right to freedom of citizens, Pierik and Verweij argue that John Stuart Mill&’s harm principle—the idea that individuals should be free to act so long as their actions do not harm others—offers a strong basis for coercive immunization policies.Covering childhood immunization policies, as well as vaccination programs aimed at adult citizens, the authors argue that a coercive immunization policy in any liberal democracy must first satisfy the principle of proportionality. This leads them to an in-depth exploration of the role of exemptions, the nature of coercion, and the contents of vaccination programs. In the final part of the book, the authors also discuss the importance and scope of freedom of speech, given how the current spread of misinformation has undermined confidence in vaccines.Offering an in-depth analysis in bioethics and legal philosophy, Inducing Immunity? is a sensible and applicable guide for health professionals, policymakers, and academics alike on how we can—and must—do better with our immunization policies.
Inducing Targeted Protein Degradation: From Chemical Biology to Drug Discovery and Clinical Applications
by Philipp CrommInducing Targeted Protein Degradation Enables drug developers in academia and industry to expand the range of accessible drug targets through induced protein degradation Since the breakthrough of the PROTAC technology in 2015, targeted protein degradation has revolutionized drug discovery, enabling pharma companies to develop completely novel therapeutics. Inducing Targeted Protein Degradation is a timely guide to navigating the complexities of the subject and understanding its practical application, with an eye on expanding the druggable space. In Inducing Targeted Protein Degradation, readers will find the most recent information on: Cellular mechanisms of targeted protein degradation and current approaches to utilize these mechanisms for drug discovery A comparison of different induced degradation approaches, including PROTAC, molecular glues, LYTACs and ATTECs as well as additional post translational modifications Drug development aspects such as DMPK optimization and criteria for the selection of clinical candidates A discussion of the potential of targeted degradation for expanding the druggable space Inducing Targeted Protein Degradation will serve as a practice-oriented reference on induced protein degradation for drug discovery professionals and for researchers employing chemical biology approaches.
Induction Chemotherapy
by Frederick O Stephens Karl Reinhard AignerInduction chemotherapy, as part of an integrated plan of management for locally advanced cancers, is being practiced throughout the world, but frequently teams are unaware of the work being undertaken in other institutions. This book aims to present the full range of management techniques used in induction chemotherapy within one accessible volume. It provides up-to-date information on pioneering and cutting edge practices and documents the advantages of integrated treatment schedules. Patient selection is discussed, and each of the cancer types for which induction therapy has proved important is considered in detail. All who are responsible for the treatment of patients with locally advanced cancers will find this book to be an invaluable source of information. It will be particularly interesting for specialist oncologists aiming to set up fully comprehensive cancer centers and for health administrators wishing to learn about the benefits of establishing such centers in strategic locations.
Induction of Bone Formation in Primates: The Transforming Growth Factor-beta 3
by Ugo RipamontiThe effects of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) family on bone formation are well documented, but the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta ( isoforms are much less studied. The product of 20 years of study, Induction of Bone Formation in Primates: The Transforming Growth Factor- sums up editor Ugo Ripamonti's research into the osteogenic a
Industrial Applications of Glycoside Hydrolases
by Smriti ShrivastavaThis book gathers selected studies on the industrial applications of glycoside hydrolases (GHs), presenting an updated classification of these enzymes, and discussing their structure, mechanisms, and various approaches to improve their catalytic efficiency. Further, it explains the various industrial applications of glycoside hydrolases in food, effluent treatment, biofuel production, and the paper and pulp industries. Lastly, the book provides a comparative analysis of glycoside hydrolases and discusses the role of metagenomics in the discovery of industrially important enzymes. As such it is a thought-provoking, instructive and informative resource for biochemists, enzymologists, molecular biologists and bioprocess technologists.
Industrial Applications of Marine Biopolymers
by P. N. SudhaIndustrial Applications of Marine Biopolymers presents different classes of marine biopolymers and their industrial applications, demonstrating the precious value of ocean resources to society. This timely volume discusses the exceedingly useful polymers derived from these materials that are biodegradable, biocompatible, and at times water soluble. Direct use or chemically modified forms of such biomaterials have many chemical sites, making them suitable for varied types of industrial applications. In addition, this book also addresses current global challenges of conservation, including extended drought conditions and the need for improved agricultural methods, together with new bio-medical developments. It is suitable for anyone who has an interest in the industrial applications of biopolymers.
Industrial Engineering in the Covid-19 Era: Selected Papers from the Hybrid Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas, GJCIE 2022, October 29-30, 2022 (Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering)
by Fethi Calisir Murat DurucuThis book gathers extended versions of the best papers presented at the Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas (GJCIE), held as a hybrid event on October 29–30, 2022, in/from Istanbul Technical University. Continuing the tradition of previous volumes, it highlights recent developments of industrial engineering at the purpose of using and managing digital and intelligent technologies for application to a wide range of field, including manufacturing, healthcare, e-commerce and sustainable development. A special emphasis is given to engineering methods and strategies for managing pandemics and reducing their adverse effects on businesses.
Industrial Engineering in the Digital Disruption Era: Selected papers from the Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas, GJCIE 2019, September 2-3, 2019, Gazimagusa, North Cyprus, Turkey (Lecture Notes in Management and Industrial Engineering)
by Fethi Calisir Orhan KorhanThis book gathers extended versions of the best papers presented at the Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas (GJCIE), held on September 2–3, 2019, in Gazimagusa, North Cyprus, Turkey. It covers a wide range of topics, including decision analysis, supply chain management, systems modelling and quality control. Further, special emphasis is placed on the state of the art and the challenges of digital disruption, as well as effective strategies that can be used to change organizational structures and eliminate the barriers that are keeping industries from taking full advantage of today’s digital technologies.
Industrial Housewives: Women's Social Work in the Factories of Nazi Germany
by Carola SachseFocusing on women and their work, this valuable historical study traces industrial social work from its inception through the Nazi period. Author Sachse provides an analysis of policies applied to women workers rather than developed by and for them--as an example of how social policy treats women. This thorough book examines the continuities and discontinuities of industrial social work, and assesses the effect on the industrial welfare system of developments within National Socialism. Within this framework the study examines the role of women in industrial social work and labor relations, the attitudes of various groups toward the proper relations between industry and government, and the well-documented relationship between industrialists and the German Labor Front (DAF), the organization that replaced the outlawed labor unions.
Industrial Hygiene in the Pharmaceutical and Consumer Healthcare Industries (Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences)
by Casey C. CosnerThis volume is an update on the use of containment in the pharmaceutical industry and consumer healthcare. It serves to highlight how industrial hygiene acts as a driving force within these industries to reduce the risk of exposure to chemical and physical agents, particularly to powders and dusts, while taking all factors into account. The author emphasizes how this book is not designed to replace other texts on containment; rather, it will serve to show a practical approach of utilizing the technologies within the high-demand industries of pharmaceuticals and consumer healthcare. Features: Timely coverage of changes in process control technology for the phamaceutical industry, a dynamic area in terms of products and manufacturing processes Provides an update on the unique requirements of these industries and how they differ from others, for example the microelectronics or specialized chemicals industries Draws on the author's vast experience in the field of industrial hygiene and hazardous materials Presents a collection of unique situations in which industrial hygiene was implemented to resolve a variety of scenarios and did not interfere with quality issues Addresses current topics relating to industry evolution such as migration of therapies to higher potency, RiskMAP, new modalities in medicines and treatments, large molecule therapeutics and conjugates
Industrial Hygiene: Improving Worker Health through an Operational Risk Approach, Second Edition (Sustainable Improvements in Environment Safety and Health)
by Frances Alston Emily MillikinSociety has become more educated on the impacts on human health and environment, and there has been a noticeable decrease in the acceptance of this risk by workers and the public. However, to ensure a higher level of worker protection, a revised approach to industrial hygiene is needed focusing on risk-reduction. This second edition of Industrial Hygiene focuses on implementation of an industrial hygiene program, using a risk-based approach, in an operational environment. Key elements of this book include balancing the art and science of industrial hygiene, risk-based industrial hygiene approaches, recognizing, evaluating, and controlling workplace hazards, medical monitoring for workers, emergency response, training, and evaluating industrial hygiene programs. Updated concepts on leadership, emergency response and monitoring, management of industrial hygiene projects, and risk communication are addressed in this edition. The book incorporates the ISO 45001 standard, “Occupational Health and Safety,” into an industrial hygiene program, which further demonstrates a risk-based approach that is internationally recognized. This is an ideal read for any student, researcher, or practitioner in the fields of occupational health and safety, industrial hygiene, risk management, and hazard control. New case studies with proposed solutions underpin the learning, and the instructor resource pack comprising PowerPoint presentations, question bank, and resources to enhance learning are available in this edition for qualified textbook adoption.
Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology: A New Horizon of the Microbial World
by Pradeep VermaThis book is a comprehensive guide for industrial bioprocess development, covering major aspects of microbial processes and their role in biotechnology. It provides a selection of hyperproducers, microbial products, and metabolic engineering strategies for industrial production. It covers high cell density cultivation techniques product formation kinetics measurement and limiting parameters in large-scale process development. The first and second section of the book focuses on biotechniques, including spectroscopic concepts of light, wave, and electromagnetic theory, as well as absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy. It also covers the basic principles, concepts, biological applications, and other advanced techniques. The third section emphasizes microbial inventions and improvements in bioprocess development. It covers microbial products and recent developments in fermentation technology and also includes information on metabolic engineering. The fourth section related to microbial inventions and bioprocesses which include platforms for recombinant gene expression, as well as the development of recombinant heterologous expression systems such as E. coli, yeast, mammalian and insect cells, and plant cells used as biofactories. The fifth section of the book focuses on microbial product waste management in extreme environments, biomass waste management, bio-pulping, bio-bleaching, textiles, biofuels, and animal feed production. The book aims to provide a multidisciplinary opportunity on all aspects of microbial biotechnology. It covers recent international developments that have renewed interest in industrial microbiology and biotechnology. The book is suitable for teachers, researchers, graduate and post-graduate students, environmentalists, microbiologists, and biotechnologists.
Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology: Emerging concepts in Microbial Technology
by Pradeep VermaThe second volume of the Book-Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology covers various emerging concepts in microbial technology which have been developed to harness the potential of the microbes. The book examines the microbes-based products that have widespread applications in various domains i.e., agriculture, biorefinery, bioremediation, pharmaceutical, and medical sectors. It focusses on recent advances and emerging topics such as CRISPR technology, advanced topics of genomics, including functional genomics, metagenomics, metabolomics, and structural and system biology approaches for enhanced production of industrially relevant products. It further gives an insight into the advancement of genetic engineering with special emphasis on value-added products via microalgal systems and their techno-economics analysis and life cycle assessment. The book towards the end presents recent advancements in the use of microbes for the production of industrial relevant enzymes, amino acids, vitamins, and nutraceuticals, on vaccine development and their biomedical applications. The book is an essential source for researchers working in allied fields of microbiology, biotechnology, and bioengineering.
Industrial Organizations and Health
by Frank Baker Alan Sheldon Peter J. M. McEwanTavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1969 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.
Industrial Starch Debranching Enzymes
by Jing Wu Wei XiaThe book presents a systematic and detailed introduction on starch debranching enzymes concerning the classification, biochemical properties, features on sequences and structures, enzyme engineering, production, and current applications. All relevant contents are organized to focus on characteristics, productions and industrial applications of the starch debranching enzymes. It is purposed to deepen the understandings on the pre-existing researches, developments, and bottlenecks, and also to discuss the research hotspots and application perspectives of starch debranching enzymes. The book is written for researchers, professional/practitioners and graduate students in the field of enzymology, microbiology, and food science etc.
Industrialization of Drug Discovery: From Target Selection Through Lead Optimization (Drug Discovery Series)
by Jeffrey S. HandenThe drug discovery and development process is getting longer, more expensive, and no better. The industry suffers from the same clinical attrition and safety-related market withdrawal rates today as it did 20 years ago. Industrialization of Drug Discovery: From Target Selection Through Lead Optimization scrutinizes these problems in detail, contras
Industry 4.0 A Way to Achieve Occupational Health and Safety (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #575)
by Arturo Realyvásquez-Vargas Suchismita Satapathy Meghana MishraThis book consists of advances in data intelligence and its applications in sustainable computing and explores challenges of Industry 4.0. Occupational health and safety is a problem faced by many industries. It effects health, safety, and also wellbeing of employees and workers engaged. Industry 4.0 has changed the total scenario of many industries. Safety and sustainability are two major problems with most industries and other emerging sectors. So, safety is a most important criterion and is often taken care of by framing and following safety policies. Soft computing methods are used to resolve all innovative and research problems in engineering, manufacturing, and business management areas. Much innovative design and sustainable solutions are resolved by IoT and AI techniques. Any troublesome work without hard labor and with easy approaches can be resolved by IoT, which is safer and can be learned quickly. It will help research and find a significant replacement with innovative solutions to any technical and business-related problems. A huge and developing number of producers acknowledge generous monetary and natural advantages from feasible strategic policies. Manageable assembling makes items through financially strong cycles that limit adverse ecological effects while moderating energy and regular assets. Sustainable manufacturing also enhances employee, community, and product safety. A developing number of organizations are treating sustainability as a significant goal in their procedure and activities to build development and worldwide intensity practices in every place of manufacturing industries. Automation systems usually make workplaces safer by keeping people out of dangerous situations. They also encourage inclusion by substituting less physically demanding computer-based monitoring activities with jobs requiring strength or agility. The shift from a physically oriented to a knowledge-based work environment substitutes more intellectual, decentralised decision-making stresses for workplace problems like repeated actions.
Industry 4.0 Value Roadmap: Integrating Technology and Market Dynamics for Strategy, Innovation and Operations (SpringerBriefs in Entrepreneurship and Innovation)
by Tuğrul U. Daim Zahra FailiIndustry 4.0 has altered as well as disrupted the business model of organizations around the world. The adoption however, has been slow in the various industries as a clear roadmap for the integration of the same lacks in project planning. This brief fills this gap as it examines the development of a Value Roadmap for different industries using Industry 4.0 as an enabler. Using the automotive, healthcare and telecommunication industries as case studies, the authors create the value roadmap using five factors: market drivers, product features, technology features, enablers and resources. This framework integrates both technology and market knowledge to support strategy development, innovation and operational processes in organizations.
Industry 4.0 and Healthcare: Impact of Artificial Intelligence (Advanced Technologies and Societal Change)
by Jerry Chun-Wei Lin Ashish MishraThis book presents different stages of Industrial Revolution in artificial intelligence and its impact on industry 4.0 and Healthcare. It contains chapters prepared for the industrial landscape which is being transformed to the fourth stage with the rise of autonomous robots, contemporary automation, cyber-physical systems, the Internet of things, and the Internet of services for examining the circumstances of health care system for the future. It highlights the emerging trends in integration of different intelligent manufacturing systems and advanced information technologies. Additionally, understanding of the real-world issues using artificial intelligence and the solutions discussed in this book help the enormous numbers of techniques which can be applied for effective diagnosis and predicting diseases from health care data.
Indwelling Neural Implants: Strategies for Contending with the In Vivo Environment
by William M. ReichertDespite enormous advances made in the development of external effector prosthetics over the last quarter century, significant questions remain, especially those concerning signal degradation that occurs with chronically implanted neuroelectrodes. Offering contributions from pioneering researchers in neuroprosthetics and tissue repair, Indwel
Inequalities, Youth, Democracy and the Pandemic (The COVID-19 Pandemic Series)
by Simone MaddanuThis book brings together studies from various locations to examine the growing social problems that have been brought to the fore by the COVID-19 outbreak. Employing both qualitative, theoretical and quantitative methods, it presents the impact of the pandemic in different settings, shedding light on political and cultural realities around the world. With attention to inequalities rooted in race and ethnicity, economic conditions, gender, disability, and age, it considers different forms of marginalization and examines the ongoing disjunctions that increasingly characterize contemporary democracies from a multilevel perspective.The book addresses original analyses and approaches from a global perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic, its governance, and its effects in different geographies. These analyses are organized around three main axes: 1) how COVID-19 pandemic worsened social, racial/ethnic, and economic inequalities, including variables such as migration status, gender, and disability; 2) how the pandemic impacted youth and how younger generations cope with public health alarms, and containment measures; 3) how the pandemic posed a challenge to democracy, reshaped the political agenda, and the debate in the public sphere. Contributions from around the world show how local and national issues may overlap on a global scale, laying the foundation for connected sociologies. Based on qualitative as well as quantitative empirical analysis on various categories of individuals and groups, this edited volume reflects on the sociological aspects of current planetary crises which will continue to be at the core of our societies.A wide-ranging, international volume that focuses on both unexpected social changes and new forms of agency in response to a period of crisis, Inequalities, Youth, Democracy and the Pandemic will appeal to scholars with interests in the sociology of health, social problems and inequalities.
Inequality And Old Age
by John A VincentAn analysis of ageing in relation to identity formation, inequality and stratification. The book outlines a theory of social inequality which encompasses those inequalities associated with old age - in addition to class, gender, race and ethnicity.; This book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate sociology courses in social stratification and social theory, as well as students and researchers in social policy, social welfare and health with an interest in the study of ageing.
Inequality Kills Us All: COVID-19's Health Lessons for the World
by Stephen BezruchkaThe complex answer to why the United States does so poorly in health measures has at its base one pervasive issue: The United States has by far the highest levels of inequality of all the rich countries. Inequality Kills Us All details how living in a society with entrenched hierarchies increases the negative effects of illnesses for everyone. The antidote must start, Stephen Bezruchka recognizes, with a broader awareness of the nature of the problem, and out of that understanding policies that eliminate these inequalities: A fair system of taxation, so that the rich are paying their share; support for child well-being, including paid parental leave, continued monthly child support payments, and equitable educational opportunities; universal access to healthcare; and a guaranteed income for all Americans. The aim is to have a society that treats everyone well—and health will follow.