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Osteoimmunology: Interactions of the Immune and Skeletal Systems
by Yongwon ChoiIt has only recently been appreciated that the immune and skeletal systems have major interactions. It is now well documented that osteoclasts, which are important cellular mediators of skeletal homeostasis, are derived from hematopoietic precursors that also give rise to immune cells. In addition, numerous cytokines that were first shown to regulate immune cell function have also been demonstrated to regulate bone cells and influence skeletal health. Conversely, products of bone cells appear critical for the engraftment of marrow in bone, the normal development of the hematopoietic and immune systems and provide niche for long-term memory B and T cells.<P><P> In the past scientists involved in immune and bone cell investigations have rarely interacted in a significant way as these disciplines have developed independently and, for the most part, remain separate. The conference will bring together leading international scientists from both fields to interact so that new collaboration can develop and more rapid progress in understanding the relationships between these fields can be achieved. Short talks will be selected from abstracts from the international community. This conference will have a format to provide an environment of maximum interaction and interchange through lectures, posters, and open discussion.<P> This is the second edition of this proceedings. Contributors include leading names in the field of research, addressing mutiple topics, which were covered at the last Osteoimmunology conference.
Osteoimmunopathology
by Francesco ChiappelliOsteoimmunology pertains to the study of the relationship between the bones, particularly the bone marrow, and the immune system. This monograph pursues the best available evidence, by means of research synthesis, for the characterization of the physiological relevance and pathological implications of the inter-connectedness between the skeletal and the immune system. Research will be discussed that highlights the associated role of the circulatory, nervous and endocrine systems, as well as proteomic and genomic pathways and signatures. Emphasis is given that domain of medicine that relates to the oral cavity, its diseases and their systemic sequelae. This monograph arises from observations that have suggested that the skeletal system and the immune system are intimately intertwined. Chronic inflammatory reactions subsequent to an excessive immune reaction can damage the bones, as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 and with signs and symptoms of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and bone cancer. Bones - in particular the bone marrow - are one of the primary locations in which cells of the immune system mature. In brief, this monograph begins to answer a range of questions, such as, what is osteoimmunology all about?, does the immune system and its components affect bone development?, how do stress hormones impact upon the pathophysiology of bone-immune interactions?, can the scientific process of research synthesis, obtain the best available evidence for treatment of diseases involving the bone-immune entity (i.e., osteo immunopathologies) means of evidence-based clinical decision-making directed at the treatment of osteoimmune pathologies?
Osteomyelitis of the Foot and Ankle
by Troy J. BoffeliProviding specific treatment protocols that can be individualized to a particular patient's condition after consideration of the entire clinical picture, this how-to guide focuses on a variety of challenging and controversial situations related to the treatment of patients with osteomyelitis of the foot and ankle. Covering everything from diagnostic and imaging techniques to medical and surgical management strategies, the image-heavy format of this text is of real value, providing a unique look into the treatment protocols discussed. The chapters are organized based on anatomic location of the wound and infection, allowing clinicians easy access to relevant treatment options. Some of the topics included cover: · How to diagnose osteomyelitis early in the course of disease without unnecessary tests or harmful biopsy procedures · How to avoid excessive cost and side effects associated with antibiotics for various clinical conditions that are better treated surgically · How to minimize the risk of recurring wounds and infection yet preserve optimal foot function after surgery · How to incorporate advanced techniques like flap surgery, minimally invasive procedures, or local delivery of antibiotics, using case examples that highlight alternative surgical approaches Carefully selected based on expertise, background, and clinical focus, the contributors are both thought leaders and clinicians who deal with foot and ankle osteomyelitis on a daily basis. As such, Osteomyelitis of the Foot and Ankle will be an invaluable resource for podiatric foot and ankle surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, general surgeons, vascular surgeons and the entire care team with practical guidelines to treat both chronic wounds with low grade bone infection and acute limb threatening infections.
Osteonecrosis
by Lynne C. Jones Kyung-Hoi Koo Michael A. MontOsteonecrosis is a disease caused by reduced blood flow to bones in the joints, including the hip, knee, shoulder, and ankle. The disease, which is usually progressive and leads to joint failure, occurs in young adults aged from their twenties to their fifties. The pathogenesis of osteonecrosis is still unclear, and treatment remains controversial. This textbook provides up-to-date and comprehensive information on the pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of osteonecrosis. The role of various imaging modalities is considered, and both non-surgical and surgical treatment approaches are clearly explained. The contributions, all from experts in the field, are based on presentations at leading international meetings during the past 10 years and on peer-reviewed papers. The book will be of interest not only to clinical practitioners but also to those engaged in basic research.
Osteonecrosis
by Lynne C. Jones Kyung-Hoi Koo Michael A. Mont Quanjun CuiOsteonecrosis is a disease caused by reduced blood flow to bones in the joints, including the hip, knee, shoulder, and ankle. The disease, which is usually progressive and leads to joint failure, occurs in young adults aged from their twenties to their fifties. The pathogenesis of osteonecrosis is still unclear, and treatment remains controversial. This book provides up-to-date and comprehensive information on the pathophysiology, etiology, diagnosis, classification, and treatment of osteonecrosis. The role of various imaging modalities is considered, and both non-surgical and surgical treatment approaches are clearly explained. The contributions, all from experts in the field, are based on presentations at leading international meetings during the past 10 years and on peer-reviewed papers. The book will be of interest not only to clinical practitioners but also to those engaged in basic research.
Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
by Rafael J. SierraComprised exclusively of clinical cases involving osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH), this concise, practical casebook will provide orthopedic surgeons with the best real-world strategies to properly diagnose and treat both pre- and post-collapse conditions. Each chapter is a case that opens with a unique clinical presentation, followed by a description of the diagnosis, assessment and management techniques used to treat it, as well as the case outcome and clinical pearls and pitfalls. Part I discusses pre-collapse treatments aimed at the early stages of ONFH, including the use of bisphosphonates, stem cell therapy and minimally invasive core decompression. Chapters presenting post-collapse treatments aimed at preserving the femoral head comprise part II, including non-vascularized bone grafting, osteochondral transfer and transtrochanteric osteotomy. Cases covering post-collapse total hip arthroplasty (THA) and common complications round out the presentation. Pragmatic and reader-friendly, Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Clinical Casebook will be an excellent resource for orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows treating hip pain.
Osteopathic and Chiropractic Techniques for Manual Therapists: A Comprehensive Guide to Spinal and Peripheral Manipulations
by Giles Gyer Jimmy Michael Ricky DavisThe first book ever to bring together the best techniques from chiropractic and osteopathy, this easy-to-use guide is necessary reading for any manual therapist wishing to hone their skills, and discover related techniques that will enhance their practice. Offering practical step-by-step instruction on how to treat a full scope of musculoskeletal conditions, this duo-disciplinary guide draws on current anatomical and physiological research to bring all the most advanced and adaptive manipulation therapy techniques to your fingertips. Providing a brief history of the two central branches of manual therapy, it gives a valuable insight into how manipulation therapists can benefit from sharing ideas and integrating versatile techniques across practices, before providing clear, illustrated references for how to apply the methods on specific sections of the body. Demonstrating how to relieve common ailments, recognise contraindications and take excellent safety precautions, this is the ideal companion for practitioners and students of manipulation therapy for the whole body.
Osteopathy and Obstetrics
by Dr. Stephen SandlerOsteopathy and Obstetrics is already well-established as a textbook for postgraduate and undergraduate students of osteopathy. In this new edition, now in full color throughout, the original text has been revised to emphasise the physiological need for change that every pregnant woman undergoes, as well as showing the consequential anatomical developments.This revised and expanded version also gives greater emphasis in every chapter to safety issues, and to ensuring safe practice in diagnosis and treatmentThe text is divided into three main sections:Above the DiaphragmBelow the DiaphragmThe Pelvis.It describes and explains the use of all types of osteopathic techniques including structural techniques, myofascial techniques, cranial techniques and visceral techniques. Osteopaths, chiropractors, physical therapists, and others working in the manual therapy field, will find the book invaluable for reference as a practical technique manual. The information it offers on how osteopaths can work safely and effectively to treat the common problems often suffered by pregnant women, and the potential solutions, will also be of interest and value to midwives, obstetricians, and family practitioners.Based on Dr Sandler's lifetime work, teaching and treating throughout the world, Osteopathy and Obstetrics is a unique contribution to the body of knowledge within the world of osteopathic manual treatment.
Osteopathy and the Treatment of Horses
by Anthony Pusey Julia Brooks Annabel JenksWritten by pioneering and internationally-renowned specialists in the field, this text provides clinically-orientated information on osteopathy as a treatment for horses. It explains the scientific rationale of how osteopathy works in animals, as well as providing a detailed working guide to the technical skills and procedures you need to know to perform safe and effective osteopathic procedures. Drawing on well established practices for humans this book provides details on the full variety of diagnostic and therapeutic osteopathic procedures that can be used on horses. Full of practical information, it demonstrates how professionals treating equine locomotor problems can adapt different procedures in different clinical settings. Over 350 colour images and detailed step-by-step instructions demonstrate the procedures and practice of osteopathy. Covers treatment both with and without sedation and general anaesthetic. This comprehensive text is written for students and practitioners of osteopathy with an interest in treating horses. It will also be useful to other allied therapists, and to veterinary practitioners who want to know more about the treatment of musculoskeletal problems.
Osteoporose: Biologie, Prophylaxe, Diagnose und Therapie (essentials)
by Reiner BartlDieses essential ist konzipiert, Ärzte aller Disziplinen bei der Beratung und Führung von Patienten mit Osteoporose zu „leiten“, die richtigen diagnostischen und therapeutischen Entscheidungen in der Praxis zu treffen und die notwendige interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit einzuleiten „…und nicht erst warten, bis der Knochen bricht.“
Osteoporosis
by Dale W. StovallOsteoporosis is a growing major public health problem that impacts many women and men. In the US alone, it is estimated that 10 million Americans have osteoporosis and another 34 million have low bone mass. Both of these conditions put patients at increased risk for fracture. This book takes a "generalist" approach to the challenge of osteoporosis. It is aimed at those specialists, in particular gynecologists, who have regular clinical contact with particularly prone populations, such as menopausal and post menopausal women, who do not have the need for in-depth knowledge of the subject.
Osteoporosis
by Jennifer WestendorfThe study of bone cells and tissues at the cellular and molecular levels in a variety of models has revolutionized the field. In this book, leading scientists from around the world share their step-by-step laboratory protocols for studying bone biology. This is the perfect guide for both new and experienced experimentalists attempting to study osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis
by Robert A. AdlerOsteoporosis is a widespread disorder with significant worldwide health and economic impact. In the second edition of the highly successful Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management, new editor Robert A. Adler, MD, uses the same approach as the first edition, pairing a chapter on the basic science of a disorder followed by a chapter on its clinical aspects. Updated and expanded, this second edition includes many new chapters reflecting the growing literature on osteoporosis. New topics cover such areas as methods of bone imaging, screening for osteoporosis, adherence to therapy, and even a novel and exciting chapter on osteoporosis in men, to name just several. In Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management, Second Edition, leading experts in a variety of fields have once again provided a wealth of invaluable, state-of-the-art information to illuminate the major scientific and clinical aspects of osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis Rehabilitation
by Christina V. OlesonTaking an expansive perspective on osteoporosis and its ramifications, but with a central focus on the transition from diagnosis to treatment, rehabilitation and current management options, this practical guide discusses the most recent knowledge and literature on osteoporosis for the wide cross-section of professionals involved in treating this pervasive condition. It enables the physician or physician extender to develop a strategy for diagnosing osteoporosis, including detailed laboratory tests as well as imaging, interpreting findings, and determining options appropriate to the needs of individual patients. The material offers guidance on how to treat osteoporosis patients who are suffering from neurological conditions such as brain and spinal cord injuries, rheumatologic syndromes, peripheral neuropathies, gastrointestinal conditions, as well as cardiopulmonary, liver and kidney disorders, among others. Additional chapters address management of osteoporosis in men, patients with advanced medical illnesses including various forms of cancer, organ failure and organ transplantation, pediatric onset of primary and secondary osteoporosis, and the female athlete triad. Covering the gamut of considerations presented by osteoporosis patients, Osteoporosis Rehabilitation: A Practical Approach is a timely, interdisciplinary resource for orthopedists, rehabilitation specialists, primary care physicians, nurses and any other professionals who bring their expertise to bear on the management of this common condition.
Osteoporosis Research
by Gustavo Duque Ken WatanabeOsteoporosis Research - Animal Models, presents in a very illustrative and practical manner, general methodologies of bone studies in animals, as well as the particular features of the most commonly used animal models in the field. Research in the field of osteoporosis has grown in recent years. This has resulted in significant advances in determining the causes of osteoporosis, assessing risk factors, and creating new treatment methods. The use of animal models provides important knowledge about pathological conditions that can eventually lead to the development of more effective clinical treatment of diseases in both humans and animals. Osteoporosis Research - Animal Models, is an essential tool for researchers in the bone field. This book aids researchers in selecting their appropriate model and highlights the experiments that can be strategically designed to optimize the potential of an animal to develop the cardinal features of osteoporosis in humans. This book addresses the importance of recent findings from animal models and their significance on the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in relation to human disease.
Osteoporosis Treatment: A Clinical Overview
by Elaine DennisonThis book provides a practical overview of osteoporosis for the wide spectrum of clinicians that might encounter the osteoporotic patient. Concise and well-structured chapters examine the public health importance of the condition, the current treatment gap, how to identify individuals who would benefit from treatment, bone turnover and how this can be modified by osteoporosis therapies, adjuvant lifestyle modification, the calcium and vitamin D story, antiresorptive therapies, anabolic therapies, emerging therapies, adherence and compliance with therapy and the perception of fracture risk. Osteoporosis Treatment: A Clinical Overview meets the need for a book that improves awareness of this major public health problem and possible therapeutic approaches. Primary care physicians, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, orthopaedic surgeons and those providing specialist care for the elderly will all benefit from this highly accessible and informative guide to treating osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis and Bone Densitometry Measurements
by Giuseppe GuglielmiOsteoporosis is a serious problem worldwide, and its significance is continuing to increase as the world population grows and ages. Osteoporosis and Bone Densitometry Measurements provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on this potentially devastating condition. The book encompasses prevention, diagnosis, and therapy, providing state of the art information on each aspect. A wide range of topics are discussed, including differentiation between acute and chronic, benign and malignant vertebral fractures; the value of the WHO FRAX tool in patient evaluation; the roles of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, quantitative computed tomography, quantitative ultrasound, and high-resolution imaging; and the use of kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty to treat vertebral compression fractures. All chapters are written by acknowledged experts in the field.
Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis
by Jennifer J. Westendorf Andre J. van WijnenInOsteoporosis and Osteoarthritis expert investigatorsdetailmodern tools to enhance discovery in bone and cartilage biology and promote translational research in osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. New chapters describemethodstogenerate induced pluripotent stem cells, perform high-throughput chromatin analysis, assess loads on bone cells in vivo and in vitro, usestate-of-the artimagingtechniques to measurearticular cartilage thickness and biochemical properties, andestablishanimal modelsofosteoarthritis and bone healing. Written in the highly successfulMethods in Molecular Biologyseries format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis shares successful techniques that can be applied to the study of either disease. "
Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (Methods in Molecular Biology #2221)
by Andre J. van Wijnen Marina S. GanshinaThis detailed second edition provides key updates on well-established methods as well as coverage of recently emerging sophisticated techniques and methods that are essential for an in-depth and state-of-the-art understanding of skeletal development and homeostasis and the pathological mechanisms that cause skeletal degeneration. The first half of the book examines cell and molecular biological aspects of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, while the remainder of the collection focuses on in vivo models of skeletal tissue injury, degeneration, and repair. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis, Second Edition aims to assist investigators concerned with research topics broadly related to osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, as well as other musculoskeletal disorders.
Osteoporosis in Clinical Practice
by Reiner BartlThis book is a quick-reference guide to osteoporosis that equips the reader with easy-to-follow guidelines for lifelong maintenance of skeletal structure and function, with an emphasis on the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of osteoporosis. Organized into 20 chapters it provides a concise, yet complete evidence-based overview of osteoporosis prevention and management “from paediatrics to geriatrics”. This practical guide is aimed at raising awareness and educate physicians across disciplines about this preventable, treatable and now even curable disease and emphasizing how every doctor can contribute to stop the “osteoporosis treatment gap” recognized over the last ten years. Covering bone biology, pathophysiology, secondary and drug-induced osteoporosis, as well as risk factors, diagnostic measurements, treatment and monitoring strategies, new drugs, management of osteoporotic fractures, and much more, this book is a must-have for all those involved in the prevention and care of this global threat.
Osteoporosis in Older Persons
by Gustavo Duque Douglas P. KielThis new edition includes the most up-to-date information about the pathophysiology and new therapeutic alternatives for osteoporosis of advanced age. It is written by investigators (clinicians and basic scientists) in the field of aging bone research. It was just recently that a new syndrome, osteoporosis of advanced age, was recognized as a new entity with its own pathophysiology and potential treatments. Unfortunately, and despite the fact that hip fractures are mostly a consequence of this process, and apart from the first edition of this book, there are few publications about this subject. The first edition of this book demonstrated that there is a need to understand the particular features of osteoporosis in older persons, which is the main aim of this book. The institutions where the authors are affiliated are highly recognized as the main centers in aging bone research. As an innovation, the second edition includes some aspects of muscle and bone interaction focusing of the impact of age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia) on the pathogenesis of falls and fractures in older persons. As in the previous edition, this book is expected to be the reference guide for geriatricians, gerontologists, and bone biologists as well as medical trainees in order to understand the mechanisms of senile osteoporosis with a practical approach to the treatment of its consequences.
Osteoporosis in Orthopedics
by Yoichi Shimada Naohisa MiyakoshiFrom a reassessment of osteoporosis to contributing factors, clinical applications of antiosteoporotic agents, and rehabilitation, this book examines various aspects of the disease and its treatment. Edited and written from an orthopedic perspective, it approaches osteoporosis as both a metabolic disease and a locomotive syndrome. As orthopedic surgeons in Japan are responsible for pharmacotherapy, surgery, and pain control, the authors pursue a comprehensive approach, focusing especially on the effect on muscles and on fracture operation rather than expanding the scope to bone density. Osteoporosis in Orthopedics provides extensive content and insights for clinicians, researchers, medical students, and post-docs specializing in osteoporosis. It also offers a valuable resource for orthopedic and spine surgeons who need extensive knowledge of osteoporosis and bone metabolism in the context of patient care.
Osteoporosis: A Clinical Casebook
by Natalie E. CusanoComprised of clinical cases of patients with osteoporosis, this concise, practical casebook will provide clinicians with the best real-world strategies to properly diagnose and treat the various elements of the disorder they may encounter. It presents a detailed cross-section of patients across all age groups, with different etiologies of the disease and possible complications, to present sensible management scenarios to physicians treating patients with osteoporosis. The cases presented include considerations for screening and diagnosis, assessment tools, nutrition and lifestyle choices, medical treatments, specific populations including men, the elderly and athletes, and more. Pragmatic and reader-friendly, Osteoporosis: A Clinical Casebook is an excellent resource for primary care providers, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, and other clinicians caring for patients with this disease.
Osteoporosis: A Lifecourse Epidemiology Approach to Skeletal Health
by Cyrus Cooper Nicholas C HarveyThis is the first book to document comprehensively the ‘state of the art’ in the lifecourse epidemiology of osteoporosis. In detailed chapters, expert contributors describe the current and projected future burden of disease, developments in the understanding of risk factors for osteoporosis from cradle to grave, the underlying mechanisms, and advances in approaches to risk assessment and treatment. It is essential reading for all students on postgraduate courses in bone health, as well as an important reference for practitioners and researchers in osteoporosis, epidemiology, and related fields.
Osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and Clinical Management (Contemporary Endocrinology)
by Benjamin Z. Leder Marc N. WeinCompletely revised and updated, and utilizing the most current evidence and practice guidelines for the treatment of osteoporosis, this comprehensive third edition discusses the basic aspects of bone metabolism, the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, current diagnostic techniques and medical treatment strategies. Osteoporosis is a common disorder that is prevalent in over 20 million Americans over the age of 60. One and a half million osteoporotic fractures occur in the United States every year, including 300,000 hip fractures. Mortality rates after hip fracture approach 25%, with another 50% of patients experiencing a major decrease in their prior level of independence and quality of life. Despite the wide prevalence and severe consequences of osteoporosis, it remains a disorder that is severely under-diagnosed and treated. In this context, specialists and primary care physicians alike are having increasing difficulty keeping up with the rapid changes to the field and incorporating these advances to clinical care.In the years since the last edition of this book was published, the osteoporosis field has changed drastically. In addition to revising and updating existing chapters and removing a few that are no longer as relevant, new chapters discuss an advanced understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the disorder, the introduction of new diagnostic imaging techniques, a more nuanced appreciation of the risks and benefits of osteoporosis therapies, and the introduction of two new classes of osteoporosis medications. Following the format of the second edition, and including helpful key points at the opening of each chapter, this text will present a comprehensive overview of both the basic and clinical concepts relating to each topic, when appropriate. Chapter authors were chosen based on their high level of expertise and leadership in the field. Taken together, this text should thus be of great interest to physicians of multiple specialties, allied health professionals, as well as basic and clinical researchers.