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Phototherapy Treatment Protocols (Series in Dermatological Treatment)
by Steven R. Feldman Michael D. ZanolliThis is a step-by-step manual of protocols for ultraviolet light therapy in the dermatologist's office. It provides technical information for UVB, PUVA, outpatient daycare, RePUVA, UVA/UVB combination, hand and foot therapy, scalp treatments, and hydrotherapy. It contains examples of patient education handouts, consent forms, laboratory flow sheets, forms for insurance companies, tools for the quantitative measurement of psoriasis severity, and more.
Phototherapy and Photochemotherapy for Skin Disease (Basic and Clinical Dermatology)
by Warwick L. MorisonWith a greater emphasis on the basic principles, practical recommendations, and economics of phototherapy, the Third Edition remains the standard source on the UV treatment of skin disease-presenting an expanded number of case studies, clinical solutions, and treatment protocols for a clear understanding of the present and future state of photother
Photovoice for Social Justice: Visual Representation in Action (Qualitative Research Methods)
by Jean M. Breny Shannon L. McMorrowPhotovoice for Social Justice, the latest volume in SAGE′s Qualitative Research Methods Series, helps readers in the health and social sciences learn the foundations and applications of this exciting qualitative method. Authors Jean M. Breny and Shannon L. McMorrow approach photovoice as not only a community-based participatory research method, but as a method for social justice, centering community participants, organizations, and policy makers at the heart of this research method. Special topics relating to social justice include a focus on ethics and working with marginalized communities, sensitive concerns during data collection, and presenting the work to communities and policymakers, as well as academics. Written for students and researchers new to photovoice, this brief text takes readers from the process of conceptualizing and implementing a photovoice study to analyzing data and finally presenting the results of the study. The book concludes with suggestions for future iterations of photovoice, including web based resources and digital storytelling. The authors take into account the realities of photovoice as a method by providing practical, applied tools including sample consent forms, presentations, recruitment flyers, and photo-taking tips. Using Photovoice for Social Justice, new and experienced researchers can design, implement, and analyze their photovoice projects.
Photovoice for Social Justice: Visual Representation in Action (Qualitative Research Methods)
by Jean M. Breny Shannon L. McMorrowPhotovoice for Social Justice, the latest volume in SAGE′s Qualitative Research Methods Series, helps readers in the health and social sciences learn the foundations and applications of this exciting qualitative method. Authors Jean M. Breny and Shannon L. McMorrow approach photovoice as not only a community-based participatory research method, but as a method for social justice, centering community participants, organizations, and policy makers at the heart of this research method. Special topics relating to social justice include a focus on ethics and working with marginalized communities, sensitive concerns during data collection, and presenting the work to communities and policymakers, as well as academics. Written for students and researchers new to photovoice, this brief text takes readers from the process of conceptualizing and implementing a photovoice study to analyzing data and finally presenting the results of the study. The book concludes with suggestions for future iterations of photovoice, including web based resources and digital storytelling. The authors take into account the realities of photovoice as a method by providing practical, applied tools including sample consent forms, presentations, recruitment flyers, and photo-taking tips. Using Photovoice for Social Justice, new and experienced researchers can design, implement, and analyze their photovoice projects.
Phyllosphere Microbial Plant Pathogens: Volume 2 Management of Crop Diseases
by P. NarayanasamyThis book provides comprehensive knowledge of the methods of detection and identification of phyllosphere microbial pathogens and the management of different kinds of diseases caused by them in various crops. Interactions between pathogens and host plants result in the induction of defense responses expressed via molecular signals, from initiation of infection to systemic progression of pathogen invasion in susceptible plants and contrasting signals in resistant plants, leading to inhibition of pathogen development through activation of preinfectional and postinfectional defense responses. These are critically discussed.The author describes the intricate and complex competitive activities of the pathogens and host plants in a molecular warfare that the host plant must win to break the link in the pathogens' life cycle, allowing the development of disease management strategies based on the principles of exclusion, eradication, and immunization. Integration of strategies concerning the development of cultivars resistant to pathogens through breeding and biotechnological techniques, application of biotic and abiotic inducers of resistance to pathogens, and use of disease-free seeds and propagules that are complementary to each other along with effective cultural practices are emphasized.This book presents information gathered through an extensive literature search to help researchers and graduate students in agricultural sciences identify research gaps and successfully complete their research projects.
Phylogenesis of Immune Functions
by Gregory W. Warr Nicholas CohenThis volume discusses recent advances in research regarding the evolution of specific and nonspecific defense responses in a taxonomically diverse array of species. Topics regarding invertebrates include the protective mechanisms (cellular and molecular) employed by insects, the protective roles of lectins, and the self-nonself discrimination revealed by tissue incompatibility reactions. With vertebrates, the evolution of the immunoglobulin-related superfamily of recognition molecules (including immunoglobulins and the major histocompatibility complex molecules) is examined over several chapters. Other topics reviewed include the evolution of nonimmunoglobulin mediators of defense (e.g., cytokines and eicosanoids), lymphocyte subpopulations (including effects of ambient temperature on function) and the phylogenetic emergence of natural killer cells. Phylogenesis of Immune Functions provides invaluable information for evolutionary biologists, as well as all immunologists and other researchers interested in discovering how inhabitants in our increasingly threatened biosphere protect themselves against environmental pathogens and toxins.
Phylogenomics
by William J. MurphyThe past decade has seen the emergence of a new field of scientific inquiry at the intersection of phylogenetics and genomics: phylogenomics. This volume is a collection of protocols and resources compiled by leading researchers in the field and describes many of the molecular methods and bioinformatics tools that have brought this field to fruition in recent years.
Phylogeny and Evolution of Bacteria and Mitochondria
by Mauro Degli EspostiLife on earth began with bacteria, which now colonize every corner of the planet. As the ancestors of mitochondria, bacteria are also fundamental for our cells. Most bacteria look alike, but have very different functions. Therefore, knowing the functional profile of bacteria helps understand their impact on our life. This book provides a wealth of information on the functional evolution of bacteria in a novel and coherent way. The book is aimed towards scientists as well as those who are curious about the world of bacteria and their relationships with mitochondria, the powerhouses of our cells, and us.
Physeal Injury Other Than Fracture
by Hamlet A. PetersonThis book documents all the ways a growth plate can be damaged, other than fracture. This damage can be inflicted by a wide variety of insults, most of which are uncommon occurrences. They all, however, have two similar characteristics: normal roentgenographs at the time of insult and premature complete or partial arrest noted weeks, months, or years later. Because of this delay, the arrest is often not suspected or recognised early. The resulting bone deformity and relative shortening usually go undetected until corrective surgery is needed. This book emphasises etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these injuries.
Physeal Stress Injuries in Young Athletes: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention (Contemporary Pediatric and Adolescent Sports Medicine)
by Dennis Caine Jie C. Nguyen Matthew GradyParticipation in youth sports is increasingly popular and has important and wide-ranging health benefits. However, year-round involvement in youth sport involves high levels of repetitive movement which may foster an environment where overuse injuries are likely to occur. Of particular concern are physeal stress injuries (PSIs) which are unique to skeletally immature athletes and are becoming common in youth sports. These injuries may be associated with substantial injury burden, especially at advanced levels of training and competition. In extreme cases, PSIs can progress to produce skeletal growth disturbance, which may necessitate surgical intervention and correction. This book summarizes the status of our knowledge on the occurrence, underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of PSIs affecting children and adolescents involved in various sports. Physeal Stress Injuries in Young Athletes: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention is organized into three parts. Part I, Introduction opens with a chapter that provides a foundation and basic framework on bone growth for readers to better understand and anticipate potential complications and growth disturbance that can arise from PSIs. This is followed by two chapters that provide an overview of the two anatomically distinct types of PSIs – epiphyseal and apophyseal PSIs. In addition to providing a general sense of the occurrence and distribution of these injuries, these chapters also provide a novel framework for understanding the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of these injuries. Part II, Diagnosis and Treatment consists of 8 chapters covering common sites of epiphyseal and apophyseal PSIs, anatomically divided into those occurring at the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand and fingers, spine, pelvis and hip, knee, ankle and foot. Each chapter follows a similar outline and provides detail on location-specific patterns of PSIs, available demographic and epidemiologic data, known or postulated injury mechanisms, underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, typical clinical presentation, key diagnostic imaging findings, management, and factors that impact prognosis and outcome. Part III, Prevention consists of a chapter that begins with a discussion on risk factors common to epiphyseal and apophyseal PSIs. This is followed by a review of practical preventive measures that are generally applicable to patients diagnosed with PSI. Finally, the last section of this chapter takes a closer look and reviews evidence-based strategies designed to target prevention of specific PSIs at various anatomical locations. Primary care sports medicine physicians, urgent and emergency care physicians, orthopedic surgeons, physical and athletic therapists, and athletic trainers who provide care for pediatric athletes will find this book helpful in identifying and treating young athletes with physeal stress injuries, identifying knowledge gaps, and implementing appropriate preventive measures that can reduce future incidence and severity of these injuries. Sport governing bodies and coaches can also use the information gathered within this book to guide the development and optimization of injury prevention programs and to reduce underdiagnosis and undertreatment of physeal stress injuries.
Physical Activity Across the Lifespan
by Thomas P. Gullotta Aleta L. MeyerThe statistics are disturbing: steadily rising numbers of sedentary overweight children and obese teens, and a generation looking at a shorter life expectancy than their parents'. But while it may be obvious that physical fitness benefits both the mind and body, a growing research base is supplying evidence of why this is so, and how these benefits may be reproduced in greater numbers. Physical Activity Across the Lifespan makes a clear, scientific case for exercise, sports, and an active lifestyle in preventing illness and establishing lifetime health habits at both the individual and the population levels. The book focuses on key aspects of physical/mental well-being--weight, mood, and self-regulation--and the role of physical activity in public health and school-based interventions targeting these areas. Contributors review definitional and measurement issues salient to understanding what physical activity is, to analyzing benefits of participation, and to implementing effective interventions. Also addressed are limitations of current research, steps needed to continue building the field, and emerging therapeutic possibilities for activity, such as the role of rough and tumble play in preventing ADHD. Included in the coverage: Physical activity, cognition, and school performance. The influence of social and built environments on physical activity in middle-aged and older adults. Preventing and treating obesity through physical activity. Physical activity in preventing drug use and treating chemical dependence. Antidepressant properties of physical activity. Schools as a foundation for physical activity and an active lifestyle. Physical activity as an adjunct or booster to existing interventions. Physical Activity Across the Lifespan is an innovative text for researchers and practitioners in various disciplines including health promotion/disease prevention, child and school psychology, education, health psychology, and public health, as well as program developers and policymakers in these areas.
Physical Activity Epidemiology
by Rod K. Dishman I-Min Lee Michael D. Schmidt Gregory W. HeathPhysical Activity Epidemiology, Third Edition, provides a discussion of current studies showing the influence of physical activity on disease. Updated with extensive new content in alignment with the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report, the third edition benefits from the expertise of authors Rod Dishman, Gregory Heath, Michael Schmidt, and I-Min Lee. These authors offer insight gained from their professional experiences, which include leadership roles within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, contributions to the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, and a combined 1,000 peer-reviewed articles in high-impact journals across each of their disciplines. <P><P> Physical Activity Epidemiology, Third Edition, explores how physical activity can enhance quality of life. The text summarizes the available knowledge, examines the methods used to obtain these findings, considers the implications for public health, and outlines the important questions that remain.
Physical Activity and Bariatric Surgery
by Jaime Ruiz-Tovar Artur Marc-HernandezHypocaloric diet and physical exercise are the first therapeutic steps in the treatment of obesity. In morbidly obese patients, physical activity is essential to optimise their preparation for bariatric surgery. But physical activity is essential even after surgery, to avoid loss of muscle mass and the deriving complications. The aim of this book is to present the most current evidence of the effect different physical activity programs on morbidly obese patients before and after bariatric surgery.Written by experts in the field, the book will be a useful tool for all health professionals interested in learning more on this disabling condition.
Physical Activity and Cancer
by Kerry S. Courneya Christine M. FriedenreichThis book explores in depth the relation between physical activity and cancer control, including primary prevention, coping with treatments, recovery after treatments, long-term survivorship, secondary prevention, and survival. The first part of the book presents the most recent research on the impact of physical activity in preventing a range of cancers. In the second part, the association between physical activity and cancer survivorship is addressed. The effects of physical activity on supportive care endpoints (e.g., quality of life, fatigue, physical functioning) and disease endpoints (e.g., biomarkers, recurrence, survival) are carefully analyzed. In addition, the determinants of physical activity in cancer survivors are discussed, and behavior change strategies for increasing physical activity in cancer survivors are appraised. The final part of the book is devoted to special topics, including the relation of physical activity to pediatric cancer survivorship and to palliative cancer care.
Physical Activity and Educational Achievement: Insights from Exercise Neuroscience (ICSSPE Perspectives)
by Richard Bailey Romain Meeusen Sabine Schaefer Phillip TomporowskiA growing body of research evidence suggests that physical activity can have a positive effect on educational achievement. This book examines a range of processes associated with physical activity that are of relevance to those working in education – including cognition, learning, memory, attention, mood, stress and mental health symptoms – and draws on the latest insights from exercise neuroscience to help explain the evidence. With contributions from leading scientists and educationalists from around the world, this book cuts through the myths to interrogate the relationship between physical activity and educational achievement in children, adolescents and young adults in a variety of cultural and geographical contexts. Examining both the benefits and risks associated with physical activity from the perspectives of exercise science and educational psychology, it also looks ahead to ask what the limits of this research might be and what effects it might have on the future practice of education. Physical Activity and Educational Achievement: Insights from Exercise Neuroscience is fascinating reading for any student, academic or practitioner with an interest in exercise science and education.
Physical Activity and Health Promotion in the Early Years: Effective Strategies for Early Childhood Educators (Educating the Young Child #14)
by Mary Renck Jalongo Hannah BrewerThis book focuses on improving well-being among young children. It provides a theoretical base explaining why physical activity is important, and offers practical strategies for increasing health and well-being in early childhood settings. It takes ancient wisdom on the mind and body connection, applies it to the youngest children, and supports it with current empirical and international evidence—all with an eye toward improving wellness across the lifespan. The many topics discussed in the book include children’s motor skills, movement, interaction, physical literacy, the use of video games, dog ownership, developmental delays, as well as strategies to improve physical activities in the classroom and broader contexts. In recent years, children’s health has become a priority worldwide. Topics such as “screen time” “sedentary behavior” and “childhood obesity” have become important issues everywhere- in the news, in schools, in community and commercials settings, and among health care providers. Limiting sedentary behavior, increasing physical activity, and maintaining a nutritious diet are three fundamental needs during early childhood. Preschool years are a time when children begin to explore the world around them, and develop more vivid understandings of their surroundings. As this book shows, the early years may be the best time to teach wellness concepts and assist young children in establishing healthy lifestyle habits.
Physical Activity and Health: The Evidence Explained
by Adrianne E. Hardman David J. Stensel Jason M.R. GillPhysical Activity and Health explains clearly, systematically and in detail the relationship between physical activity, health and disease, and examines the role of exercise in the prevention and management of a wide range of important conditions. Now in a fully updated and expanded third edition, this is the most complete and engaging textbook on the subject. It offers a balanced examination of the latest evidence linking levels of physical activity with the risk of mortality, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, cancer, osteoporosis and dementia. Designed to help the reader evaluate the quality of the evidence, the book includes an invaluable discussion of common study designs and the inherent difficulties of measuring physical activity. It examines the evidence in relation to child and adolescent health, older adults, hazards of exercise, sedentary behaviour, public health policy and, in a new chapter, mental health, and an epilogue considers the emerging evidence regarding the significance of physical activity and COVID-19. Containing chapter summaries, study tasks, guides to supplementary reading, a glossary of key terms and an abundance of figures and tables, Physical Activity and Health is an essential course text, and important reading for undergraduate, masters and postgraduate research students of sport and exercise science, public health, physical therapy, medicine and nursing. This third edition is supported by an updated companion website featuring self-test questions, PowerPoint slides, learning activities and website links.
Physical Activity and Pandemics: Lessons Learned from COVID-19
by Ramin Kordi Maryam Selk-Ghaffari Amirhossein Memari Behnaz MahdavianiThe pandemic of COVID-19 has caused public health-related, and economic consequences regarding lifestyles. Due to social distancing strategies, physical inactivity has increased in various societies, which might lead to an increase in the burden of non-communicable diseases in long term. The health benefits of physical activity consist of a wide range, including physical, mental, and social dimensions. Therefore, this book discusses whether engaging in regular physical activity is effective in preventing COVID-19 infection, reducing the severity of symptoms, reducing mortality, or eliminating COVID-19 complications.The book will serve as a practical guideline for public health experts and physicians. It covers COVID-19 and physical inactivity prevalence in different regions, physical activity and risk of COVID-19 infection, physical activity and course of COVID-19 infection including disease severity, hospitalization rate, ICU admission, and mortality, physical activity as a vaccine booster in different populations, post- COVID-19 physical rehabilitation, and strategies for enhancing physical activity in the COVID-19 pandemic.
Physical Activity and Public Health Practice
by Barbara E. Ainsworth Caroline A. MaceraPhysical activity remains a critical area of research as we consider cost-effective measures for lowering the chronic disease epidemic worldwide. In our increasingly automated society, many adults and children are not active at health-enhancing levels. In Physical Activity and Public Health Practice, a panel of respected researchers summarizes esse
Physical Activity and Sport in Later Life: Critical Perspectives (Global Culture and Sport Series)
by Emmanuelle Tulle Cassandra PhoenixThis volume addresses key issues such as the cultural and discursive context in which physical activity is discussed; the process of becoming physically active; the role of care settings in enabling physical activity; pleasure; gender; and place and space.
Physical Activity and the Abdominal Viscera: Responses in Health and Disease (Routledge Research in Physical Activity and Health)
by Roy J. ShephardPhysical Activity and the Abdominal Viscera is the first book to examine the response of the visceral organs to acute and chronic physical activity, in cases of both health and disease. Bringing together a previously disparate body of research, Professor Roy Shephard sets out the physiology, function during exercise, pathology of disease, and role of physical activity in preventing and managing disease in the visceral organs. Working systematically through the viscera, the book first identifies the response to exercise and pathologies of the liver, gall bladder and biliary tract, then goes on to examine the function of the kidneys and bladder, and finally covers issues including the spleen, sickle cell disease and prostate cancer. Providing a clear and well-structured guide to the relationship between the visceral organs and physical activity, Physical Activity and the Abdominal Viscera is a vital reference text for academics and upper-level students in sports medicine and clinical exercise physiology, and for health professionals in preventive medicine.
Physical Activity and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract: Responses in health and disease (Routledge Research in Physical Activity and Health)
by Roy J. ShephardThe organs of the gastro-intestinal tract play an essential role in sustained physical activity, but their consideration in exercise-related literature has, to this point, been limited. Physical Activity and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract is the first book to explain the function and response to exercise of the gastro-intestinal system, in cases of both health and disease, and helps to shed light on the role they play in acute and chronic exercise. Professor Roy Shephard synthesises previously disparate research to explain the physiology, function, pathology of disease and role of exercise in both health and chronic disease, covering topics including: physical activity and the oesophagus gastro-duodenal function and physical activity physical activity and peptic ulcers physical activity and gastro-oesophageal cancers physical activity and the function of the large bowel physical activity and chronic intestinal inflammation. With each chapter including a thorough bibliography and signposts to further reading, Physical Activity and the Gastro-Intestinal Tract provides a complete reference for understanding how exercise affects the function of the digestive organs. It is an important text for academics and upper-level students in sports medicine and exercise physiology, and for health professionals in preventative medicine.
Physical Activity in Diverse Populations: Evidence and Practice
by Melissa BoppThe health benefits associated with regular physical activity are now widely recognized. This book examines how social determinants such as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, sexual orientation and disability can impact on physical activity and its associated health outcomes. It explores the social, cultural, political and environmental factors that influence engagement in physical activity in a range of diverse populations and presents evidence-based, culturally appropriate strategies for targeting and promoting physical activity participation. Each chapter considers how the social determinants that impact on health are formed by the environments in which people live, work, learn and play. Incorporating a series of original case studies, this book analyzes physical activity behaviors in groups such as: African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans and Native Americans military veterans and physically disabled populations low-income populations rural populations LGBT populations. It also includes a variety of useful features such as key terms, summary points and critical thinking questions, as well as a chapter on international perspectives. Physical Activity in Diverse Populations: Evidence and Practice is vital reading for any course touching on social factors in physical activity behavior.
Physical Activity, Dietary Calorie Restriction, and Cancer
by Anne MctiernanThe World Health Organization estimates that 25 percent of common cancers can be prevented through regular physical activity and weight control. Common cancers linked to overweight/obesity and a sedentary lifestyle include breast, colon, endometrium, pancreas, renal, esophageal, and several others. There are several plausible mechanisms linking lack of physical activity and increased adiposity to cancer risk, supported by results from animal experiments and human intervention studies.
Physical Activity, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior and Health
by Kazuyuki Kanosue Satomi Oshima Zhen-Bo Cao Koichiro OkaThe aim of this book is to present current views about physical activity and the benefits of physical activity in preventing and ameliorating various health conditions that are of worldwide concern. This book was developed as a compilation of the accomplishments of the five-year Global COE (Center of Excellence) "Sport Sciences for the Promotion of Active Life" Program at the Faculty of Sport Sciences of Waseda University, Saitama, Japan. The first part establishes the research methodology and discusses the current status of physical activity. Topics covered include the prevalence of physical inactivity and highly sedentary behavior in different populations as well as strategies that can be adopted to promote physical activity. The second part focuses on the physiological effects of physical activity. Topics covered include physiological responses to exercise by the autonomic nervous system, the endocrine system, vascular functioning, postprandial blood glucose control, and inflammatory processes. The relationship between exercise and appetite is discussed, as is the influence of exercise on food intake and weight regulation. Additionally, the influence of exercise on protein regulation and posttranslational modifications is introduced. The final part discusses the role of physical activity in preventing lifestyle-related health issues and improving the quality of life, especially for the elderly. The contents should be of interest to anyone who is concerned with the human physiologic response to exercise and the promotion of healthy lifestyles, including sports and exercise science researchers as well as those involved with medicine, public health, physiology, nutrition, and elder care.