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Science of Life After Death (SpringerBriefs in Psychology)
by Alexander Moreira-Almeida Marianna de Costa Humberto Schubert CoelhoThis book examines the best available empirical evidence regarding one of the most challenging and pervasive questions throughout ages, cultures, and religions: the survival of human consciousness after death. It begins with a contextual overview of belief in personal survival and refutes misguided historical and epistemological arguments against the notion of survival after death (e.g., irrational, purely religious, impossible to be addressed by science, that has been proved false by neuroscience). The book provides an overview of the scientific evidence regarding the survival of human consciousness after death, focusing on studies on mediumship, near-death and out-of-body experiences, and reincarnation.Featured topics of coverage include:The belief in life after death in the contemporary world as well as in the history of religions and philosophy.The key misguided arguments and prejudices against the academic study of afterlife survival.What constitutes empirical evidence for survival after death?The main explanatory hypotheses alternative to survival after death.The chief cultural barriers to a fair examination of the available evidence for survival of consciousness after death. Science of Life After Death is an essential resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in developmental and clinical psychology; spirituality, religious. and consciousness studies; psychiatry; neuroscience / neurology; phenomenology / philosophy; complementary and alternative medicine; and all interrelated disciplines.
Science of Wound Healing and Dressing Materials
by Vibhakar Vachhrajani Payal KhakhkharThis book outlines, from a surgeon’s standpoint, how physicians and mid-level providers working at wound care centres can expeditiously and effectively manage wounds. It comprehensively addresses the concept of wound healing, from the healing process to debridement concepts, and various antiseptics and local antibiotics used in dressing materials to facilitate healing. The book also discusses the latest inventions and treatment options that have revolutionized wound healing, such as: oxygen therapy, ozone therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, electric therapy and ultrasonic wound therapy. In closing, it examines the latest regenerative therapies based on stem cell therapy, cellular therapy and gene therapy. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for medical students and physicians dealing with wound management, as well as a reference guide for nurses in primary and tertiary wound care settings.
Science, Politics And The Pharmaceutical Industry: Controversy And Bias In Drug Regulation
by John Abraham 0 John Abraham University of Reading.,Drug disasters from Thalidomide to Opren, and other less dramatic cases of drug injury, raise questions about whether the testing and control of medicines provides satisfactory protection for the public. In this revealing study, John Abrahan develops a theoretically challenging realist approach, in order to probe deeply into the work of scientists in the pharmaceutical industry and governmental drug regulatory authorities on both sides of the Atlantic. Through the examination of contemporary controversial case studies, he exposes how the commercial interest of drug manufacturers are consistently given the benefit of the scientific doubts about medicine safety and effectiveness, over and above the best interests of patients.; A highly original combination of philosophical rigour, historical sensitivity and empirical depth enables the "black box" of industrial and government science to be opened up to critical scrutiny much more than in previous social scientific study. All major aspects of drug testing and regulation are considered, including pre- clinical animal tests, clinical trials and postmarketing surveillance of adverse drug reactions. The author argues that drug regulators are too dependent on pharmaceutical industry resources and expertise, and too divorced from public accountability. The problem of corporate bias is particularly severe in the UK, where regulatory decisions about medicine safety are shrouded in greater secrecy than in the US.; Since the purpose of drug regulation should be to maximize the safety and effectiveness of medicines for patients, the public needs and deserves policies to counteract corporate bias in drug testing and evaluation. John Abraham's realist analysis provides a robust basis for policy interventions at the institutional and legislative levels. He proposes that corporate bias could be reduced by more extensive freedom of information, greater autonomy of government scientists from pharmaceutical industry, the development of independent drug testing by the regulatory authority, increased patient representation on regulatory committees, and more frequent and thorough oversight of regulatory performance by the legislature. This book should be of interest to anyone who cares about how medicines should be controlled in modern society. It should prove particularly rewarding for students and researchers in the sociology of science and technology, science and medicines policy, medical sociologists, the medical and pharmaceutical professions, and consumer organizations.
Science, Public Health and the State in Modern Asia (Routledge Studies in the Modern History of Asia)
by Liping Bu Ka-Che Yip Darwin H. StapletonThis book examines the encounter between western and Asian models of public health and medicine in a range of East and Southeast Asian countries over the course of the twentieth century until now. It discusses the transfer of scientific knowledge of medicine and public health approaches from Europe and the United States to several Asian countries — Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Japan, Taiwan, and China — and local interactions with, and transformations of, these public health models and approaches from the nineteenth century to the 1950s. Taking a critical look at assumptions about the objectiveness of science, the book highlights the use of scientific knowledge for political control, cultural manipulation, social transformation and economic needs. It rigorously and systematically investigates the historical developments of public health concepts, policies, institutions, and how these practices changed from colonial, to post-colonial and into the present day.
Science, Technology and Innovation Ecosystem: An Indian and Global Perspective
by Nirmala Chongtham Kashmir Singh Radhika Trikha Mamta Bhardwaj Sukhdeep KaurScience, Technology, and Innovation (STI) are the key drivers of the economy and development of a country. The economic and social impacts of STI require a deep understanding of the STI ecosystem, which includes the interactions between actors, their technologies, and their business models. This book, "Science, Technology, and Innovation Ecosystems: A National and Global Perspective," focuses on the STI ecosystem of India in comparison to other innovation-backed global countries. It will include a study of the entire STI ecosystem, focusing on the system interconnectedness required for strengthening it. The building of interconnection within actors of the STI ecosystem is one of the paramount requirements to reinvigorate the STI ecosystem as a whole. The book will also present the crucial role of STI in bringing socio-economic development from a national and international perspective. It addresses the development of viable solutions for a sustainable future and a positive societal transformation with the help of innovative science-based approaches. This book showcases the future of science in terms of emerging frontier and strategic technologies, giving us a snapshot of future STI efforts worldwide. Emphasis is given to the policy directives and program interventions backed by evidence to revamp the STI system by addressing the societal and economic needs of the country. The book will strategically bring the concept of the relevance of the Intellectual Property (IP) ecosystem in building the country’s innovation capacity along with specific pieces of evidence on how the IP system should be roped in to bring higher innovation efficiency. An insight is provided to chart out the pathway for creating a knowledge-based economy focusing on knowledge production to knowledge consumption through knowledge diffusion.
Scientific American: Nutrition for a Changing World
by Jamie Pope Steve NizielskiNutrition for a Changing World engages students like no other nutrition textbook. Real stories – about real people and real science – are integrated into every chapter, bringing context and relevance to the core science. Infographics in the style of Scientific American magazine are like “science storyboards” that guide students step-by-step through essential processes and concepts. Coverage of timely topics such as gluten-free diets, the diabetes epidemic, and global nutrition exemplify the book’s contemporary approach to nutrition science. Nutrition for Changing World is also the only product for the course to offer automatically graded diet analysis activities. AnalyzeMyDiet provides both a diet tracker and personalized, auto-graded diet analysis activities built to cover a standard 3- to 7-day diet analysis assignment, freeing instructors from hand-grading these projects.
Scientific And Policyconsiderations In Developingsmallpox Vaccination Options: A Workshop Report
by Disease Prevention Board on Health PromotionA report on Scientific And Policyconsiderations In Developingsmallpox Vaccination Options
Scientific Basis for Ayurvedic Therapies
by Lakshmi Chandra MishraArguably the oldest form of health care, Ayurveda is often referred to as the "Mother of All Healing." Although there has been considerable scientific research done in this area during the last 50 years, the results of that research have not been adequately disseminated. Meeting the need for an authoritative, evidence-based reference, Scientific Ba
Scientific Criteria to Ensure Safe Food
by National Research CouncilFood safety regulators face a daunting task: crafting food safety performance standards and systems that continue in the tradition of using the best available science to protect the health of the American public, while working within an increasingly antiquated and fragmented regulatory framework. Current food safety standards have been set over a period of years and under diverse circumstances, based on a host of scientific, legal, and practical constraints. Scientific Criteria to Ensure Safe Food lays the groundwork for creating new regulations that are consistent, reliable, and ensure the best protection for the health of American consumers. This book addresses the biggest concerns in food safety—including microbial disease surveillance plans, tools for establishing food safety criteria, and issues specific to meat, dairy, poultry, seafood, and produce. It provides a candid analysis of the problems with the current system, and outlines the major components of the task at hand: creating workable, streamlined food safety standards and practices.
Scientific Data Analysis with R: Biostatistical Applications
by Azizur Rahman Faruq Abdulla Md. Moyazzem HossainIn an era marked by exponential growth in data generation and an unprecedented convergence of technology and healthcare, the intersection of biostatistics and data science has become a pivotal domain. This book is the ideal companion in navigating the convergence of statistical methodologies and data science techniques with diverse applications implemented in the open-source environment of R. It is designed to be a comprehensive guide, marrying the principles of biostatistics with the practical implementation of statistics and data science in R, thereby empowering learners, researchers, and practitioners with the tools necessary to extract meaningful knowledge from biological, health, and medical datasets.This book is intended for students, researchers, and professionals eager to harness the combined power of biostatistics, data science, and the R programming language while gathering vital statistical knowledge needed for cutting-edge scientists in all fields. It is useful for those seeking to understand the basics of data science and statistical analysis, or looking to enhance their skills in handling any simple or complex data including biological, health, medical, and industry data.Key Features: Presents contemporary concepts of data science and biostatistics with real-life data analysis examples Promotes the evolution of fundamental and advanced methods applying to real-life problem-solving cases Explores computational statistical data science techniques from initial conception to recent developments of biostatistics Provides all R codes and real-world datasets to practice and competently apply into reader’s own domains Written in an exclusive state-of-the-art deductive approach without any theoretical hitches to support all contemporary readers
Scientific Explorations of Adhatoda vasica: An Asian Health Remedy (SpringerBriefs in Plant Science)
by Khalid Rehman Hakeem M. AliNatural remedies play an important role in curing ailments that happen by chance or adoptively. Adhatoda vasica is a natural Asian remedy that has the potential to treat respiratory disorders, among others. While existing literature does exist on this medicinal plant, it can be cumbersome to sort through for information relevant to academics, research, and practice. This work reframes and consolidates information on Adhatoda vasica so that it is easier to approach through academic, research, and practitioner perspectives.
Scientific Frontiers In Developmental Toxicology And Risk Assessment
by Committee on Developmental ToxicologyThe report, a consensus of committee members, evaluates current approaches to assessing risk for developmental defects, identifies key areas of uncertainty in those approaches, evaluates the current understanding of the mechanisms of action of chemicals that result in developmental defects, and explore how new scientific information can be used to improve risk assessment for developmental toxicants and to elucidate the mechanisms by which toxicants induce developmental defects. Annotation c. Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews. com)
Scientific Publishing Ecosystem: An Author-Editor-Reviewer Axis
by Manoj Pandey Prathamesh P. Churi Payal B. JoshiThe book aims to converge the perspectives of authors, editors, and reviewers to discuss modern scientific publishing practice and emerging concerns in the contemporary world. Authors, editors, and reviewers form a triage in a publishing ecosystem which is witnessing a huge pressure due to changing evaluation criteria for career progression and grant funding. The major perspective of this book is to put forth the present-day emerging ills of modern publishing system and sensitize the research fraternity - be it young researchers or established scientists towards practicing good science and preserving spirit of scientific discoveries. The edited book consists of three parts viz, Part I “Authors, Authorship, and Scholarly Dissemination” features ten chapters devoted to describe authorship issues and good publication practice, plagiarism concerns, preprints, open access models, conflicting interests, rise of review papers, writing book reviews, and assessing faculty beyond metrics. Part II “Editors, Editorial Desks, and Issues of Scientific Misconduct” features eight chapters devoted to discuss on issues of editorial misconduct, desk rejections, paper mills, letters to editors, image duplication, emerging ChatGPT in writing/reviewing spaces, citation cartels, and retractions. Finally, Part III “Reviewers and Developing Evaluator’s Eye” features five chapters devoted to discuss peer review as an idea creating model, paying peer reviewers, training reviewers, peer review manipulations, and peer review in age of AI . All chapters in the book are written by expert contributors of the field that provides a systematic approach of understanding various challenges, opportunities, and ethical considerations of scientific publishing ecosystem. Most of the chapters have featured recent cases of scientific misconduct as examples to reflect scale of the problem. This book will serve as a reference to research practitioners in understanding assigning authorship on papers, modern-day publishing collaboration, role of editors to serve journals in a holistic manner and ensuring fair peer review mechanisms.
Scientific Research as a Career
by Finlay MacRitchieDescribing the philosophy of the scientific method and the training and professional characteristics needed for a successful career, Scientific Research as a Career is a comprehensive "how-to" guide for the aspiring scientist. Based on the author's experience both as a scientist in a research organization and as a university mentor, the book covers
Scientific Standards for Studies on Modified Risk Tobacco Products
by Institute of Medicine of the National AcademiesSmoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, contributing to approximately 443,000 premature deaths each year nationally (CDC, 2008). Smoking-related disease causes more deaths than alcohol, illicit drug use, homicide, and suicide combined (Mokdad et al., 2004). Another 8.6 million smokers in the United States live with a smoking-attributable illness (CDC, 2009a). In total, tobacco-related mortality amounts to approximately 5.1 million years of potential life lost per year (CDC, 2008). Smoking also imposes enormous costs on the U.S. health care system and economy, with an estimated $193 billion in losses due to health care costs and productivity losses per year (CDC, 2008). <P> The current prevalence of cigarette use is 20.6 percent among adults and 19.5 percent in youth (CDC, 2010, 2011). After substantial declines in adult smoking rates through the 1980s and 1990s, the rate of U.S. adult smokers has remained relatively static from 20.9 percent in 2004 to 20.6 percent in 2009 (CDC, 2010). Between 1997 and 2003, smoking prevalence among high school students declined substantially from 36.4 percent to 21.9 percent; this decline slowed from a 21.9 percent youth smoking rate in 2003 to 19.5 percent in 2009 (CDC, 2011). Of the 46 million adult smokers in the United States, an estimated 70 percent of smokers wish to quit completely, and approximately 45 percent of smokers attempt to quit each year (CDC, 2002, 2009b). However, only approximately 6 percent of the smokers who attempt to quit are successful for 1 month or more (HHS, 2000).
Scientific Synopsis of Vāgbhaṭa’s Classic Ayurveda Treatise Aṣṭāṅgasaṅgraha: A Comparison with its Abridged Version Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya
by N. K. Ikbal G. R. Raj D. Suresh KumarAyurveda, “the sacred knowledge of longevity”, is India’s gift to the world. It is a holistic medical system and a healthcare framework based on the observation of the human body in health and disease. Ayurveda is considered a secondary of Atharvavēda and is inextricably associated with Hindu culture. Unlocking the treasures of India's time-honored medical heritage, Scientific Synopsis of Vāgbhaṭa’s Classic Ayurveda Treatise Aṣṭāṅgasaṅgraha: A Comparison with its Abridged Version Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya delves into the heart of Ayurveda, where it emerges from an intricate interplay of natural observations and profound yogic introspection, that shaped its foundational principles over centuries. A pivotal work in this realm, the seventh-century Sanskrit masterpiece Aṣṭāṅgasaṅgraha, weaves together the wisdom of various medical and surgical schools. Drawing inspiration from this, this book sets forth a scientific synthesis, comparing the information contained of this Ayurvedic classic with its more concise rendition, Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya. Through twelve chapters and over 100 tables, this narrative offers a panoramic view of the celebrated medical text while accentuating its distinctiveness in comparison to its abridged counterpart.Features· Glossary of Sanskrit technical terms.· Describes Latin binomials of all animals, birds and herbs contained within the text.· Explains how the tridōṣa concept manages dynamic systems.Ayurveda is experiencing an increase in popularity worldwide, following the Alma Ata Declaration adopted by the World Health Organization in 1978. Many phytotherapy schools in Europe and the Americas teach Ayurveda as a wellness system. Synopsis of Vāgbhaṭa’s Classic Ayurveda Treatise Aṣṭāṅgasaṅgraha: A Comparison with its Abridged Version Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya is presented before the world of medicine to explain the tenets of Ayurveda for the benefit of all.
Scientific Writing: Easy When You Know How
by Elizabeth Elliott Jennifer Peat Louise Baur Victoria KeenaThis comprehensive and practical book covers the basics of grammar as well as the broad brush issues such as writing a grant application and selling to your potential audience. The clear explanations are expanded and lightened with helpful examples and telling quotes from the giants of good writing. These experienced writers and teachers make scientific writing enjoyable.
Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer: An Exchange Between Larry Dossey, MD, and Health Care Chaplains
by Larry Van De CreekMany people agree that prayer is a central feature of spiritual life. But what is prayer? Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer: An Exchange Between Larry Dossey, MD, and Health Care Chaplains explores common questions and concerns about intercessory prayer, or the act of praying for the benefit of others, from several different points of view. Chaplains, priests, ministers, and clergy in the health care profession will learn how prayer is examined from sources other than traditional Christian views, such as parapsychology. From Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer, you will learn what prayer means to some chaplains and to their ministry and how prayer can make drastic changes in the lives of your parishioners, patients, and their families.Written by eight chaplains, the articles in this text are in response to an essay by Larry Dossey, a nationally known physician who speaks and writes about prayer. The contributors to Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer discuss his points of view on intercessory prayer, which are based on quantum physics. You will learn if this area of physics can make a difference in how you practice your faith, how you worship, and what you think about or expect from prayer. Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer examines several other topics related to prayer, including: discovering whether or not intercessory prayer is truly different from other methods of meditation exploring the relationship between intercessory prayer and meditative or praise prayer linking prayers and their results to the expectations or intentions of those who engage in them differentiating between an intercession and a wish deciding for yourself what constitutes evidence or proof when discussing the aspects of prayer how our opinion of prayer relates to how we think about the universe and about God Since Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer focuses on the cooperation between science and theology, you will discover that, in many instances, people believe that the power of prayer should be taken seriously. This text also shows you how the questions and functions of prayer are shared by everyone, despite religious differences or methods of praying. Encompassing research and personal experiences, Scientific and Pastoral Perspectives on Intercessory Prayer will help you answer questions about religion and its role in the lives of parishioners, patients, and clergy, as well as provide you with evidence to the positive and healing power of prayer.
Scientists Must Speak
by D. Eric Walters Gale C. WaltersHaving the ability to speak confidently; engage the audience; make a clear, well-argued case; and handle any tricky situations, is rarely a natural talent, but it can be learned through application and practice. Scientists Must Speak, Second Edition, helps readers do just that.At some point in their careers, the majority of scientists have to stand
Scientists and Scoundrels: A Book of Hoaxes
by Robert SilverbergAs if history and nature had not provided wonders enough, through the ages humans themselves have contrived more marvels to deceive one another. Sometimes they have concocted evidence when none was available to prove pet theories; sometimes their intention has been to impress or defraud; sometimes they have acted merely for sport. Robert Silverberg tells the stories of a baker's dozen of these scientific hoaxers in a lively, good-humored book that ranges through time and across continents. Here are perpetual-motion machines and space rockets, men on the moon and serpents in the sea. The rogues' gallery is a varied one: Dr. Mesmer, who cast his hypnotic spell on eighteenth-century Paris; Charles Dawson, whose Piltdown Man challenged evolution; Dr. Cook, with his tale of "discovering" the North Pole; and many others. These are fascinating stories and more than just entertainment. The author explains the scientific background against which the hoaxes appeared and the detective work that led to their exposure. The schemers teach us to be alert, to challenge the evidence, and to appreciate the healthy skepticism that characterizes the scientific method.
Scintillation Dosimetry (Imaging in Medical Diagnosis and Therapy)
by Sam Beddar Luc BeaulieuScintillation Dosimetry delivers a comprehensive introduction to plastic scintillation dosimetry, covering everything from basic radiation dosimetry concepts to plastic scintillating fiber optics. Comprised of chapters authored by leading experts in the medical physics community, the book: Discusses a broad range of technical implementations, from point source dosimetry scaling to 3D-volumetric and 4D-scintillation dosimetry Addresses a wide scope of clinical applications, from machine quality assurance to small-field and in vivo dosimetry Examines related optical techniques, such as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) or Čerenkov luminescence Thus, Scintillation Dosimetry provides an authoritative reference for detailed, state-of-the-art information on plastic scintillation dosimetry and its use in the field of radiation dosimetry.
Scissors
by Ray GartonWhen he was a boy, Stuart Mullond's mother held him down while his urologist Dr. Ferguson performed a medical procedure on him that was so traumatizing and humiliating that its painful memory stayed with him for decades. For his entire life, his nightmares have been haunted by the snick-snick-snick of the doctor's scissors.Now a divorced, unemployed adult with a troubled teenage son, Stuart is trying to hold his life together...when Dr. Ferguson suddenly shows up again. He's not confined to nightmares anymore. He's very real. And he is determined to perform that same horrible procedure on Stuart's son. But all these years later, Dr. Ferguson looks exactly as he did when Stuart was a boy. And he's kept his scissors nice and sharp ...Snick-snick-snick!
Scleritis
by Carlos PavesioThis book offers a concise but comprehensive overview of scleritis, with up-to-date information on all aspects, including diagnosis and treatment. Fundamental features of the pathogenesis of scleral inflammation are first discussed as a basis for understanding the therapeutic strategies. Detailed descriptions are then provided of clinical manifestations, the complications that can arise during the course of the disease process, and the best way to manage them. An individual chapter is devoted to infectious scleritis and its management, this being an uncommon but serious condition that may result not only in loss of vision but also in loss of the globe itself. The diagnostic approach to and various management options for scleritis are then discussed extensively, with coverage of local and systemic therapy and new strategies, including biologics. Apart from the potential impact on vision, inflammation of the sclera carries a risk of association with systemic diseases, some of which can prove fatal if not promptly recognized and managed. This book is designed to allow ophthalmologists to easily identify the condition and the signs indicative of a more severe problem. It will thereby assist in safe and effective management, and help in preserving vision and life.
Scleroderma
by Christopher P. Denton Fredrick M. Wigley John VargaThis essential resource presents the most up-to-date information on scleroderma. A clear and concise synthesis of current concepts in pathogenesis and modern approaches to management, this book is comprised of the authoritative work of international experts. With an integrated multidisciplinary approach to comprehensive care, this book is easily accessible for health care professionals in many fields. It is a valuable resource for rheumatologists, pulmonologists, cardiologists, gastroenterologists, nephrologists and all those involved in the care of scleroderma patients.
Scleroderma
by Christopher P. Denton Fredrick M. Wigley John Varga Masataka Kuwana Yannick AllanoreComprised of the authoritative work of international experts, this fully-updated second edition of Scleroderma builds upon the well-regarded approach in the first edition to provide integrated, concise, and up-to-date synthesis of current concepts of pathogenesis and modern approaches to management of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). With a multidisciplinary approach to comprehensive care, this book is easily accessible for health care professionals in many fields. The new edition includes extensive updated material based on major developments in the field, with new chapters on personalized medicine, cancer complications, global perspectives on scleroderma, and more. It presents a succinct and thoughtful synthesis of current pathomechanistic concepts, providing a valuable reference tool for basic and translational investigators working in the field. Scleroderma: From Pathogenesis to Comprehensive Management serves as an essential, all-inclusive resource for rheumatologists, pulmonologists, cardiologists, gastroenterologists, nephrologists and all those involved in the care of scleroderma patients.