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The Changing Scene of Health Care and Technology: Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Hospital Engineering, June 1990, London, UK
by R. G. KensettThis book provides an excellent opportunity to review developments in health care technology, many facets of which are just as applicable to professionals in the wider field of building services as to those working in health care facilities. This book reflects the adaptation of strategies in health care to economic and demographic change in both developed and developing countries.
The Changing Shape of Nursing Practice: The Role of Nurses in the Hospital Division of Labour
by Davina AllenBringing together sociological theories and nursing practice this text develops a dynamic conceptualisation of the nursing role which is rooted in the work setting. It looks at the factors which have shaped nursing work in the past and those which are likely to shape it in the future.Nurses' work is changing in two respects: the place nursing occupies in the health care division of labour and the routine shifting of work boundaries that nurses experience in their daily work. Drawing on her detailed observations of the reality of nursing work in a district general hospital, Davina Allen explores these linked themes, focussing on five key work boundaries:*nurse:doctor *nurse:manager*nurse:support worker*nurse:patient*nurse:nurseThe text provides new insight into many of the tensions and dilemmas nurses routinely face and the processes and constraints through which their work is fashioned. It offers a new way of thinking about the nursing role which is particularly relevant at a time when the scope of nursing practice is expanding and when the integrated approach to health and social care is seen as the key to provision and improved services.
The Chaperonopathies
by Francesco Cappello Everly Conway de Macario Alberto J.L. MacarioThis Brief provides a concise review of chaperonopathies, i.e., diseases in which molecular chaperones play an etiologic-pathogenic role. Introductory chapters deal with the chaperoning system and chaperoning teams and networks, HSP-chaperone subpopulations, the locations and functions of chaperones, and chaperone genes in humans. Other chapters present the chaperonopathies in general, including their molecular features and mechanistic classification into by defect, excess, or mistake. Subsequent chapters discuss the chaperonopathies in more detail, focusing on their distinctive characteristics: primary or secondary; quantitative and/or qualitative; structural and hereditary or acquired; genetic polymorphisms; gene dysregulation; age-related; associated with cancer, chronic inflammatory conditions, and autoimmune diseases. The interconnections between the chaperoning and the immune systems in cancer development, chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and ageing are outlined, which leads to a discussion on the future prospects of chaperonotherapy. The latter may consist of chaperone gene and protein replacement/supplementation in cases of deficiency and of gene or protein blocking when the chaperone actively promotes disease. The last chapter presents the extracellular chaperones and details on how the chaperone Hsp60 is secreted into the extracellular space and, thus, appears in the blood of cancer patients with potential to participate in carcinogenesis and chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. Chaperones as clinically useful biomarkers are mentioned when pertinent. Likewise, guidelines for clinical evaluation of chaperonopathies and for their histopathological and molecular identification are provided throughout. The book also provides extensive bibliography organized by chapter and topic with comments.
The Chaplain-Physician Relationship
by Larry Van De CreekLearn how to establish and maintain effective relationships with physicians with this authoritative new book. Chaplains will discover a wealth of information and insight into the often strained chaplain-physician relationship and will learn practical steps they can take to strengthen the ties between two very different professions. Each chapter, written by a chaplain with a history of successful collaboration with physicians, features important examples of interdisciplinary cooperative effort in various settings including obstetrics, geriatrics, and outpatient cardiac rehabilitation centers. Hospital chaplains, especially those who wish to improve their relationships with physicians and hospital administrators will find this to be an invaluable book, as will pastoral counselors not presently involved with hospitals who desire to work with physicians in health and illness settings.Highlights of the book include: an inside view of medical education and practice, with a description of the dilemmas of medical practice which are very different from those in ministry A constructive look at “doctor bashing” in which many chaplains engage, often unknowingly a description of pastoral care efforts in discrete patient care areas that involve close relationships to physicians, with an emphasis on friendship and informal contacts an overview of a program in which the chaplains’s role is expanded to that of a behavioral medicine consultant
The Characteristics Of Aphasia (Brain, Behaviour and Cognition)
by Chris CodeA survey of the main behavioural characteristics or symptoms of aphasia, which presents a series of essays on the history and current developments in this field of neuropsychological research. Contributors discuss recovery, rehabilitation and other contemporary issues.
The Charitable Imperative: Hospitals and Nursing in Ancien Régime and Revolutionary France (Routledge Revivals)
by Colin JonesDrawing on a wide variety of archival and secondary sources, The Charitable Imperative, originally published in 1989, provides an overview of the very different institutions that treated the poor in France from the seventeenth through to the early nineteenth centuries: hospitals and poorhouses, military infirmaries, reformatories for prostitutes, holding places for the insane, and so on. It recovers much of the daily realities of the institutions for those who lived in or passed through them and highlights the very limited progress made in most of them by the medical profession.The principle of charity which underpinned this system of relief placed moral and social obligations on all who dealt with the poor: a kind of charitable imperative affected the thinking and behaviour of the administrators who managed the institutions, the nursing sisters who gave their lives, and the donors who gave up their possessions to meet the needs of the poor. However, the poor were also expected to pay their part, with the result that the Ancien Régime charity subsumed compulsion and repression as well as compassion. In spite of efforts to introduce a state-sponsored welfare system during the French Revolution, the charitable imperative was a legacy of the Ancien Régime to much of the nineteenth century.The breadth of institutions covered, and the length of the historical period under review, will ensure the appeal of this book to a wide variety of historians. In particular, the chapters on nursing sisters will be of great interest to social historians as well as those working in the history of medicine.
The Charlemagne Murders: The Murder of Six World War II Generals Leads to the Greatest Manhunt in History
by Douglass CarlSix famous (or infamous, if you prefer) World War Two generals have been murdered in six different countries leading to separate quiet but intense investigations. INTERPOL is finally involved because the police in each country come to realize that there has to be a connection, but no one knows what that connection is. Once links seem plausible, the Mossad joins the international police investigation and search; and the greatest manhunt in history is launched spreading over four continents and delving into secrets best left undisturbed.
The Charnoly Body: A Novel Biomarker of Mitochondrial Bioenergetics
by Sushil SharmaDiversified physicochemical injuries trigger Charnoly body (CB) formation as pleomorphic, electron-dense, multi-lamellar stacks of nonfunctional mitochondrial membranes in the most vulnerable cell. Free radicals induce downregulation of mitochondrial DNA, microRNA, AgNOR, and epigenetics to trigger CB molecular pathogenesis. CB is eliminated by energy (ATP)-driven lysosome-dependent charnolophagy as a basic molecular mechanism of intracellular detoxification to prevent acute and chronic diseases. Accumulation of CB at the junction of axon hillock and charnolosome (CS) at the synapses causes cognitive impairments; whereas, nonspecific induction of CB causes GIT stress, myelosuppression, alopecia, neurotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and infertility in multidrug-resistant malignancies. Hence, stem cell-specific CB, charnolophagy, and CS agonists/antagonists are introduced as novel charnolopharmacotherapeutics for the successful treatment of cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, infectious diseases, drug addiction, and cancer. Nanoparticles to improve drug delivery, CS exocytosis, and disease-specific spatiotemporal charnolosomics employing correlative and combinatorial bioinformatics boost mitochondrial bioenergetics through balanced diet, exercise, and antioxidants. The book will be of interest to medical scientists and practitioners.
The Charon Club
by Gina BrightThe AIDS Quilt will be on display in June 2021 for the 40th anniversary of the first cases, but it will be its last appearance as ordered by the heavy hand of the President of the United States. Nine nurses who worked with AIDS patients during the early years of the pandemic travel to Washington, D.C. to see the Quilt. While there, they are called upon by the National Health Center to care for patients with a new, unknown infectious disease and racist views, and they are asked to find the clues to its cause so that a VIP patient can be cured. But the nurses discover that even more challenging than this difficult assignment are the memories they begin to share from their painful AIDS nursing past. The Charon Club, a fictional chronicle of AIDS nurses' memories and experiences, set in the midst of an emerging infectious disease in the eastern United States in 2021, was written by a nurse who worked on an AIDS unit in New York City during the darkest years of the pandemic. It is the first AIDS novel solely devoted to the work of nurses.
The Cheating Cell: How Evolution Helps Us Understand and Treat Cancer
by Athena AktipisA fundamental and groundbreaking reassessment of how we view and manage cancer When we think of the forces driving cancer, we don’t necessarily think of evolution. But evolution and cancer are closely linked, for the historical processes that created life also created cancer. The Cheating Cell delves into this extraordinary relationship, and shows that by understanding cancer’s evolutionary origins, researchers can come up with more effective, revolutionary treatments.Athena Aktipis goes back billions of years to explore when unicellular forms became multicellular organisms. Within these bodies of cooperating cells, cheating ones arose, overusing resources and replicating out of control, giving rise to cancer. Aktipis illustrates how evolution has paved the way for cancer’s ubiquity, and why it will exist as long as multicellular life does. Even so, she argues, this doesn’t mean we should give up on treating cancer—in fact, evolutionary approaches offer new and promising options for the disease’s prevention and treatments that aim at long-term management rather than simple eradication. Looking across species—from sponges and cacti to dogs and elephants—we are discovering new mechanisms of tumor suppression and the many ways that multicellular life-forms have evolved to keep cancer under control. By accepting that cancer is a part of our biological past, present, and future—and that we cannot win a war against evolution—treatments can become smarter, more strategic, and more humane.Unifying the latest research from biology, ecology, medicine, and social science, The Cheating Cell challenges us to rethink cancer’s fundamental nature and our relationship to it.
The Checklist Manifesto: How to Get Things Right
by Atul GawandeThe New York Times bestselling author of Better and Complications reveals the surprising power of the ordinary checklist. We live in a world of great and increasing complexity, where even the most expert professionals struggle to master the tasks they face. Longer training, ever more advanced technologies-- neither seems to prevent grievous errors. But in a hopeful turn, acclaimed surgeon and writer Atul Gawande finds a remedy in the humblest and simplest of techniques: the checklist. First introduced decades ago by the U.S. Air Force, checklists have enabled pilots to fly aircraft of mind-boggling sophistication. Now innovative checklists are being adopted in hospitals around the world, helping doctors and nurses respond to everything from flu epidemics to avalanches. Even in the immensely complex world of surgery, a simple ninety-second variant has cut the rate of fatalities by more than a third. In riveting stories, Gawande takes us from Austria, where an emergency checklist saved a drowning victim who had spent half an hour underwater, to Michigan, where a cleanliness checklist in intensive care units virtually eliminated a type of deadly hospital infection. He explains how checklists actually work to prompt striking and immediate improvements. And he follows the checklist revolution into fields well beyond medicine, from disaster response to investment banking, skyscraper construction, and businesses of all kinds. An intellectual adventure in which lives are lost and saved and one simple idea makes a tremendous difference, The Checklist Manifesto is essential reading for anyone working to get things right.
The Chemical Biology of Long Noncoding RNAs (RNA Technologies #11)
by Jan Barciszewski Stefan JurgaThis book offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of various aspects of long non-coding RNAs. It discusses their emerging significance in molecular medicine, ranging from human cancers to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Transcriptomic studies have demonstrated that the majority of genomes found in complex organisms are expressed in highly dynamic and cell-specific patterns, producing huge numbers of intergenic, antisense and intronic long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified, and unlike mRNA, they have no protein-coding capacity. A large repertoire of ncRNAs, actively transcribed from the mammalian genome, control diverse cellular processes, both in terms of development and diseases, through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. IncRNAs have emerged as a new paradigm in epigenetic regulation of the genome. Given its scope, the book will be of particular interest to molecular, chemical, cell and developmental biologists, as well as specialists in translational medicine involved in disease-oriented research. It also offers a valuable resource for in silico experts seeking a deeper understanding of lncRNA expression and function through computational analysis of the NGS data.
The Chemical Biology of Thrombin
by Roger L. LundbladThis book is a comprehensive review of thrombin, especially as regulatory protease. The ready availability of highly purified thrombin has stimulated rapid advances in the cell biology of this important macromolecule. The text focuses on research findings from the discovery of thrombin by Andrew Buchanan in 1842 to the present. A substantial amount of this work was conducted by the author and his colleagues. His work on the purification of thrombin was seminal to much subsequent work on thrombin. This volume provides a framework for future studies now made possible by the discovery of the importance of exosites in the physiology of thrombin function. The current work describes the process of the development of an oral inhibitor of thrombin used in the prevention of thrombosis. Key Features Reviews the history of Thrombin (Fibrin Ferment) Documents the relation of protein engineering and chemical modification in the study of thrombin Summarizes the interaction of thrombin with fibrinogen and fibrin Outlines the role of exosites in thrombin function Describes the development of an oral inhibitor for thrombin
The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke
by Alan Rodgman Thomas A. PerfettiAuthored by two longtime researchers in tobacco science, The Chemical Components of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke, Second Edition chronicles the progress made from late 2008 through 2011 by scientists in the field of tobacco science. The book examines the isolation and characterization of each component. It explores developments in pertinent analytical
The Chemistry Companion
by Anthony C. Fischer-CrippsLike the author's other companion books, The Chemistry Companion provides-high quality information in unique one-page-per-topic presentations that do not overburden and distract with excessive details. The book offers concise summaries of general chemistry concepts, easily accessible in a convenient, reader-friendly format.Suitable as an introducti
The Chemistry and Metabolism of 4' - Deoxypyridoxine
by Stephen P. CoburnThis review organizes the existing literature on deoxypyridoxine in order to provide additional insights for developing further work. By providing a thorough analysis of previous work with deoxypyridoxine, it can be used more effectively as a tool for examining various metabolic pathways and explored further for its potential clinical use in cancer therapy, immunosuppression, or other areas. The book also stimulate some new insights into action of vitamin B6 itself.
The Chemistry of Molecular Imaging
by Wing-Tak Wong Nicholas LongCovering all the fundamentals of modern imaging methodologies, including their techniques and application within medicine and industry, The Chemistry of Molecular Engineering focuses primarily on the chemistry of probes and imaging agents, as well as chemical methodology for labelling and bioconjugation. Written by an interdisciplinary team of experts, this book investigates the chemistry of molecular imaging and helps to educate non-chemists already involved in the area of molecular imaging. It addresses all the major modalities and techniques, such as MRI, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, ultrasound, and fluorescence/optical imaging.
The Chemistry of Mycotoxins
by Stefan Bräse Anna M. Linsenmeier Stephanie Lindner Bettina M. Ruff Sabilla Zhong Franziska Gläser Carsten Kramer Anne C. Meister Kye-Simeon MastersThe biological activity of mycotoxins ranges from weak and/or sometimes positive effects, such as antibacterial activity (see penicillin derivatives derived from Penicillium strains) to strong mutagenic (e. g. aflatoxins, patulin), carcinogenic (e. g. aflatoxins), teratogenic, neurotoxic (e. g. ochratoxins), nephrotoxic (e. g. fumonisins, citrinin), hepatotoxic, and immunotoxic (e. g. ochratoxins, diketopiperazines) activity. Nowadays, many laboratories around the world are specialized in the detection of mycotoxins in food products and contaminated material found in housing. In this volume, a focus on the most important classes of mycotoxins is provided and their chemistry of the last ten years is discussed. In each Section, the individual biological impact is outlined. Sections are arranged according to mycotoxin classes (e. g. aflatoxins) and/or structural classes (e. g. resorcinyl lactones, diketopiperazines). The biology of mycotoxins is also described.
The Chemistry of PCB'S
by Otto HutzingerThe literature on chlorinated biphenyl is growing rapidly. Review articles on PCB's cited in this book usually contained a section on the toxicity of PCB. The structure and nomenclature are detailed. The chapters and topics included are (1) commercial PCB preparations: properties and compositions, (2) synthesis of chlorobiphenyls, (3) chemical reactions of chlorobiphenyls, (4) photodegradation of chlorobiphenyls, (5) metabolism of chlorobiphenyls, (5) mass spectroscopy of chlorobiphenyls, (6) nuclear magnetic resonance of chlorobiphenyls, (7) ultraviolet spectroscopy of chlorobiphenyls, (8) infrared spectrometry of chlorobiphenyls, (9) determination of chlorobiphenyls, and (10) recent developments.
The Chemokine System in Experimental and Clinical Hematology
by Oystein BruserudThe aim of the issue is to describe and explain the importance of the chemokine system in hematology. The chemokine system is probably important for many aspects of normal as well as malignant hematopoiesis. A major focus is the development and treatment of hematologic malignancies, including the immunobiology of stem cell transplantation. The present reviews illustrate that chemokines can be involved in leukemogenesis. The chemokine system is also important both for the crosstalk between malignant cells and their neighbouring nonmalignant stromal cells (including endothelial cells) as well as for immunoregulation in patients treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Thus, chemokines are important both for the pathogenesis and treatment of hematological diseases.
The Chiari Malformations
by R. Shane Tubbs Mehmet Turgut W. Jerry OakesThis unique, contemporary book is the successor edition of a ground-breaking, authoritative title devoted to the pathology and treatment of chiari malformations. Since an abundance of research and development has occurred after the publication of the Chiari Malformations this updated title meets the market need for a reference that reflects such advances in the field. Chiari Malformations, 2nd Edition is divided into nine sections. Opening sections feature chapters on general aspects, diagnostic features and clinical presentation. These are followed by sections on differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Finally, the book closes with an extensive discussion on research, related pathologies and patient resources. Expertly written chapters are supplemented with numerous high-quality illustrations and images to aid in visual learning.An impressive, nuanced successor, Chiari Malformations, 2nd Edition, is an invaluable resource for neuroscientists and clinicians at all levels, as well as graduate students to specific research scientists studying this region.
The Chiari Malformations
by R. Shane Tubbs W. Jerry OakesOnce an uncommon clinical finding, the Chiari malformations are now frequently seen with the advent of more sophisticated imaging modalities. With more than one hundred years of experience with these entities, medicine currently has a much better understanding of the embryology and pathophysiology of the disorder. Long-term outcome studies are becoming more prevalent and patients are commonly operated on with generally favorable results. Comprehensive in design, the The Chiari Malformations focuses on the two most common forms of hindbrain herniation, the Chiari I and II malformations. Since the original description and classification of hindbrain hernias more than one hundred and twenty years ago, the Chiari malformations have revealed much of their pathophysiology and have become easily diagnosed radiologically. Indeed with the availability of MRI, more and more patients are being labeled with the diagnosis but without symptoms or appropriate symptoms. Timely and an invaluable addition to the literature, The Chiari Malformations thoroughly details the progress that has been made with our understanding of these conditions, their radiologic definition, details of operative intervention and prediction of outcome.
The Chicago Review Press NCLEX-RN Practice Test and Review (NCLEX Practice Test and Review series)
by Linda Waide Berta RolandFully revised to conform to the 2004 NCLEX Test Plan, this study guide and test includes "hot spot," fill-in-the-blank, and select-all-that-apply questions to reflect the new test format. Ten written practice tests cover all the body systems and two additional practice tests cover mental health and miscellaneous topics. Each practice test includes a system overview and complete explanations for both correct and incorrect answers. In addition to the written tests, a 100-item interactive software CD in the NCLEX format is included to allow students to become comfortable with the on-screen exam.
The Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane in the Study of Angiogenesis and Metastasis
by Domenico RibattiThe chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is an extraembryonic membrane which serves as a gas exchange surface and its function is supported by a dense capillary network. Because of its extensive vascularization and easy accessibility, the CAM has been broadly used to study the morpho-functional aspects of the angiogenesis process in vivo and to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic natural and synthetic molecules. The CAM is a suitable site for transplanting tissues, which can survive and develop in the CAM by peripheral anastomoses between graft and original CAM vasculature or by new angiogenic vessels grown from the CAM that invade the graft. While the formation of peripheral anastomoses between host and pre-existing donor vessels is the main, and the most common, mechanism involved in the revascularization of embryonic grafts, the growth of CAM-derived vessels into the graft is only stimulated in tumor grafts. The CAM has long been a favored system for the study of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, because at this stage the chick immunocompetence system is not fully developed and the conditions for rejection have not been established. Tumors remain avascular for 72 h, after which they are penetrated by new blood vessels and begin a phase of rapid growth. Also, delivery of tumor cells onto the CAM allows the fine study of the effects of tumor derived angiogenic growth factors on blood vessel structure and functionality. The CAM may also used to verify the ability to inhibit the growth of capillaries by implanting tumors onto the CAM and by comparing tumor growth and vascularization with or without the administration of an anti-angiogenic molecule. Other studies using the tumor cells/CAM model have focused on the invasion of the chorionic epithelium and the blood vessels by tumor cells. The cells invade the epithelium and the mesenchymal connective tissue below, where they are found in the form of a dense bed of blood vessels, which is a target for intravasation.
The Chick and the Dead: Life and Death Behind Mortuary Doors
by Carla ValentineA mortician explains the autopsy process—and what it can teach us about the living—with “a morbidly galloping parade of every possible kind of dead body” (New York Times).Carla Valentine works with the dead. After studying forensics, she assisted pathologists with post-mortems for years before becoming the curator of the world’s most famous pathology museum. When it comes to death, she truly is an expert, and in this book she shares that expertise.Using the most common post-mortem process as the backbone of the narrative, she takes us through the process of an autopsy while also describing the history and changing cultures of our relationship with the dead. The book is full of vivid insight into what happens to our bodies in the end. Each chapter considers an aspect of an autopsy alongside an aspect of Carla’s own life and work, and touches on some of the more controversial aspects of our feelings about death, including the relationship between sex and death and our attitudes toward human tissue collection.Starting with the first cut, we move from external examination into the body itself, discovering more about the heart, stomach, and brain, and into dismembered and reconstructed bodies, at each stage taking a colorful detour into the question of what these things can teach us about the living. Join Carla on the journey from microscope-requesting nine-year-old to pathology educator and death engager at a Victorian museum (a journey made via around 5,000 autopsies) as she tells the story of exactly what it’s like to live a life immersed in death.Praise for Carla Valentine’s The Science of Murder“A breezy and accessible look at the history of forensic science.” —Publishers Weekly“Utterly superb.” —Deanna Raybourn, New York Times–bestselling author of the Veronica Speedwell Mysteries