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The Recursive Mind: The Origins of Human Language, Thought, and Civilization
by Michael C. CorballisThe Recursive Mind challenges the commonly held notion that language is what makes us uniquely human. In this compelling book, Michael Corballis argues that what distinguishes us in the animal kingdom is our capacity for recursion: the ability to embed our thoughts within other thoughts. "I think, therefore I am," is an example of recursive thought, because the thinker has inserted himself into his thought. Recursion enables us to conceive of our own minds and the minds of others. It also gives us the power of mental "time travel"--the ability to insert past experiences, or imagined future ones, into present consciousness.Drawing on neuroscience, psychology, animal behavior, anthropology, and archaeology, Corballis demonstrates how these recursive structures led to the emergence of language and speech, which ultimately enabled us to share our thoughts, plan with others, and reshape our environment to better reflect our creative imaginations. He shows how the recursive mind was critical to survival in the harsh conditions of the Pleistocene epoch, and how it evolved to foster social cohesion. He traces how language itself adapted to recursive thinking, first through manual gestures, then later, with the emergence of Homo sapiens, vocally. Toolmaking and manufacture arose, and the application of recursive principles to these activities in turn led to the complexities of human civilization, the extinction of fellow large-brained hominins like the Neandertals, and our species' supremacy over the physical world.
The Red Market: On the Trail of the World's Organ Brokers, Bone Thieves, Blood Farmers, and Child Traffickers
by Scott Carney“An unforgettable nonfiction thriller, expertly reported….A tremendously revealing and twisted ride, where life and death are now mere cold cash commodities.”—Michael Largo, author of Final ExitsAward-winning investigative journalist and contributing Wired editor Scott Carney leads readers on a breathtaking journey through the macabre underworld of the global body bazaar, where organs, bones, and even live people are bought and sold on The Red Market. As gripping as CSI and as eye-opening as Mary Roach’s Stiff, Carney’s The Red Market sheds a blazing new light on the disturbing, billion-dollar business of trading in human body parts, bodies, and child trafficking, raising issues and exposing corruptions almost too bizarre and shocking to imagine.
The Reduction of Drug-Related Harm
by P. A. O’Hare R. Newcombe A. Matthews E. C. Buning E. DruckerFirst Published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Reform of Child Care Law: A Practical Guide to the Children Act 1989
by Robert Dingwall John EekelaarChildren Act 1989 introduced the most radical changes to child care law for a generation. Eekelaar and Dingwall provide a concise, practical guide to the legislation for all professionals practising in this area.
The Reform of Health Care
by Helen Dickinson Russell MannionThis book examines how healthcare organisations shape, adapt and resist developments in healthcare policy and practice. This is an international text bringing together contributions from around the globe and covers a wide range of different discussions in relation to the policy/practice gap.
The Regeneration of Nerves and Spinal Cord: About Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches
by Lars P. KlimaschewskiThis non-fiction book provides information about the latest findings on research and therapy of nerve regeneration with catchy drawings and in understandable words. Why do nerves in the extremities regenerate, but the axons in the spinal cord do not? Can transplanted stem cells or biopolymers restore regeneration? Are bioprostheses able to functionally replace amputated arms or legs? Neuroscientist Lars Klimaschewski answers these questions and reports on exciting findings from anatomy, cell and molecular biology and neurotechnology. Find out, among other things, how a brain-computer interface processes signals from the brain in order to control the arm or leg muscles again via electrodes after a paraplegia.The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.
The Registrar's Wedding Wish
by Lucy ClarkA knight in Geelong GeneralAnnie Beresford is a talented surgeon and trainee consultant. But her wish is for marriage and children before it's too late. She knows she's vulnerable, and that falling for Hayden Robinson, her new boss, is a bad idea. But this man might just be the one!Hayden rescues her more than once, and his desire for her is clear, but after one failed marriage he'd rather focus on saving lives. So Annie must help her reluctant knight because she comes to realize they can't be happy without each other--even if he won't believe her yet!
The Regulation of Animal Health and Welfare: Science, Law and Policy (Law, Science and Society)
by Wyn Grant John McEldowney Graham MedleyThe Regulation of Animal Health and Welfare draws on the research of scientists, lawyers, economists and political scientists to address the current and future regulatory problems posed by the issues of animal health and disease. Recent events such as the outbreak of mad cow disease, epidemics of foot and mouth disease, concerns about bluetongue in sheep, and the entry into the food chain of the offspring of cloned cattle, have heightened awareness of the issues of regulation in animal disease and welfare. This book critically appraises the existing regulatory institutions and guiding principles of how best to maintain animal health in the context of social change and a developing global economy. Addressing considerations of sound science, the role of risk management, and the allocation of responsibilities, it also takes up the theoretical and practical challenges which here – and elsewhere – attend the co-operation of scientists, social scientists, lawyers and policy makers. Indeed, the collaboration of scientists and social scientists in determined and regulatory contexts such as that of animal disease is an issue of ever-increasing importance. This book will be of considerable value to those with interests in this issue, as well as those concerned with the law and policy relating to animal health and welfare.
The Regulation of Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Europe: Variation, Convergence and Trends
by Heleen Weyers Nicolle Zeegers Erich Griessler Florian Winkler Lenka SlepičkováThis book explores the social, ethical and legal implications of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Providing a comparative analysis of several European countries, the authors evaluate the varied approaches to the application of ART throughout Europe. From a global perspective, countries take very different approaches to the regulation of ART. Countries apply restrictions to the access criteria for these treatments and/or direct restrictions to the practice of the techniques themselves. To understand these varied approaches to ART practice and regulation, it is necessary to understand the societal and political background from which they emerged. This book therefore consists of case studies from eight European countries which provide insights into the status and development of the regulation of ART in the last 40 years. The country cases from all over Europe and the three comparative chapters provide insights into the diversity of current ART regulation across the continent as well as into similarities, differences and trends in this regulatory area. This book will be of interest to practitioners of ART who are interested in understanding the differences in regulation of ART in Europe, as well as long-term trends in this respect. Given the ethical and legal implications the book explores, it will also be of interest to students or researchers in the fields of social sciences, humanities and law.
The Regulation of Cosmetic Procedures: Legal, Ethical and Practical Challenges
by Jean Mchale Melanie LathamThis book examines the ethical and regulatory debates surrounding the rise of the cosmetic procedures industry. In the past, cosmetic procedures were often seen as limited to a small number of wealthy older women. Today, such procedures have gone mainstream, partly facilitated by the rise of "non-invasive" techniques, such as the use of Botox and Dermal Fillers. While still a business dominated by the female consumer, there are also an increasing number of males undertaking cosmetic procedures as social expectations around appearance and ageing are challenged. At the same time, the rapid expansion of this business, and the incoherent, diverse approach to its regulation, have given rise to concern. It has been seen as a "Wild West". If cosmetic procedures go wrong, such procedures give rise to real risks of harm. This book examines the historical backdrop, current practice and risks associated with cosmetic procedures. It discusses the ethical and regulatory challenges for this area. It also examines the current legal frameworks concerning people, practitioners and products in the UK. The book also draws lessons from regulatory approaches in other jurisdictions with particular reference to the United States, Brazil and France. It then sets out a legal and regulatory framework that might better protect and empower the cosmetic consumer, now and in the future. The book is likely to be of particular interest to those working in the areas of health and medical law, socio-legal studies and political science.
The Regulation of Medical Products: Dope, Drugs and Devices (Law, Science and Society)
by Penny GleesonThis book develops a theoretical framework for examining and assessing the regulatory arrangements for medical products.Since the first half of the 20th century, the regulation of pharmaceuticals, medical devices and, more recently, biologicals have been controlled in many jurisdictions by specific regulatory regimes and agencies. Their regulatory mandates are similar – to ensure the quality, safety and efficacy of medical products. This book provides a timely and relevant assessment of the complexities of medical regulatory regimes, by drawing on a particular theory of political legitimacy. In this respect, the book adopts a ‘dialogic’ approach – according to which a shared set of normative beliefs and values are formulated – as a theoretical ‘tool’ to identify deficiencies in the regulatory arrangements for medical products. Drawing on several Australian cases studies, characterised by divergent normative perspectives, the book develops its dialogic approach in order to challenge the usual legitimation of regulatory regimes from the perspective of science alone. Specifically, it maintains that such regimes need to embrace a normative pluralism that admits a diversity of types and sources of knowledge.This evaluation of the increasingly influential domain of medical regulation will appeal to a range of scholars and practitioners working in law, public health, politics and science and technology studies.
The Rehabilitation Specialist's Handbook (Fourth Edition)
by Serge H. Roy Steven L. Wolf David A. ScalzittiThe 4th Edition of the gold standard of rehabilitation resources is now in full color and thoroughly revised and updated to reflect the art and science of practice today! A compendium of frequently used, but rarely memorized information organized for easy reference, it covers an extraordinary breadth of topics--from the full range of basic scientific information (neuroanatomy and clinical neurology, osteology and clinical orthopedics, general anatomy, cardiac and pulmonary anatomy) to the treatments and methods used in modern rehabilitation practice. With its outcome and evidence-based focus and several expert contributors, this text is a must for PT's at any stage in their career.
The Reiki Manual: A Training Guide for Reiki Students, Practitioners and Masters
by Penelope Quest Kathy RobertsReiki is a holistic system for balancing, healing and harmonising all aspects of the person - body, mind, emotions and spirit - encouraging deep relaxation and the release of stress and tension, and promoting awareness and spiritual growth. This comprehensive manual provides much-needed support for students and teachers who want to ensure best practice. It can also be used by people who have taken Reiki courses and want more information, or wish to update their skills and work professionally, or simply treat themselves, family and friends informally. The first three sections cover levels Reiki 1, Reiki 2 and Reiki 3. Information is given in an accessible, structured and interactive way to increase understanding, knowledge and experience. The final section of the manual contains reference material specifically for students who wish to become professional practitioners, and for Masters who wish to expand the scope of the training they can offer to their students. This final section also provides the foundation for additional courses or workshops on topics such as health and safety and managing a successful practice.
The Relation between Physical and Mental Illness: The Physical Status of Psychiatric Patients at a Multiphasic Screening Survey
by Michael EastwoodThe relation between mind and body has been keen of interest since antiquity. The author surveys the approaches to the subject from the observational to the experimental level. He presents the findings of a study carried out, at a community health screening survey, to test the association between physical and psychiatric disorder. The methodological difficulties of this kind of study, such as sampling the general population and reliable measurement of clinical states, are described. The results of the study, which confirm the two types of morbidity have a positive and significant association, are discussed in terms of the ecology of disease and psychosomatic medicine. It is suggested that the findings have implications for the delivery of health care and preventive medicine.
The Relaxation Response
by Herbert BensonWhen Dr. Herbert Benson introduced this simple, effective, mind/body approach to relieving stress twenty-five years ago, his book became an instant national bestseller. Since that time, millions of people have learned the secret--without high-priced lectures or prescription medicines. The Relaxation Response has become the classic reference recommended by most health care professionals and authorities to treat the harmful effects of stress. Discovered by Dr. Benson and his colleagues in the laboratories of Harvard Medical School and its teaching hospitals, this revitalizing, therapeutic approach is now routinely recommended to treat patients suffering from heart conditions, high blood pressure, chronic pain, insomnia, and many other physical ailments. It requires only minutes to learn, and just ten to twenty minutes of practice twice a day.
The Relevance of the Time Domain to Neural Network Models
by Guillermo A. Cecchi A. Ravishankar RaoA significant amount of effort in neural modeling is directed towards understanding the representation of information in various parts of the brain, such as cortical maps [6], and the paths along which sensory information is processed. Though the time domain is integral an integral aspect of the functioning of biological systems, it has proven very challenging to incorporate the time domain effectively in neural network models. A promising path that is being explored is to study the importance of synchronization in biological systems. Synchronization plays a critical role in the interactions between neurons in the brain, giving rise to perceptual phenomena, and explaining multiple effects such as visual contour integration, and the separation of superposed inputs. The purpose of this book is to provide a unified view of how the time domain can be effectively employed in neural network models. A first direction to consider is to deploy oscillators that model temporal firing patterns of a neuron or a group of neurons. There is a growing body of research on the use of oscillatory neural networks, and their ability to synchronize under the right conditions. Such networks of synchronizing elements have been shown to be effective in image processing and segmentation tasks, and also in solving the binding problem, which is of great significance in the field of neuroscience. The oscillatory neural models can be employed at multiple scales of abstraction, ranging from individual neurons, to groups of neurons using Wilson-Cowan modeling techniques and eventually to the behavior of entire brain regions as revealed in oscillations observed in EEG recordings. A second interesting direction to consider is to understand the effect of different neural network topologies on their ability to create the desired synchronization. A third direction of interest is the extraction of temporal signaling patterns from brain imaging data such as EEG and fMRI. Hence this Special Session is of emerging interest in the brain sciences, as imaging techniques are able to resolve sufficient temporal detail to provide an insight into how the time domain is deployed in cognitive function. The following broad topics will be covered in the book: Synchronization, phase-locking behavior, image processing, image segmentation, temporal pattern analysis, EEG analysis, fMRI analyis, network topology and synchronizability, cortical interactions involving synchronization, and oscillatory neural networks. This book will benefit readers interested in the topics of computational neuroscience, applying neural network models to understand brain function, extracting temporal information from brain imaging data, and emerging techniques for image segmentation using oscillatory networks
The Religion of Chiropractic: Populist Healing from the American Heartland
by Holly FolkChiropractic is by far the most common form of alternative medicine in the United States today, but its fascinating origins stretch back to the battles between science and religion in the nineteenth century. At the center of the story are chiropractic's colorful founders, D. D. Palmer and his son, B. J. Palmer, of Davenport, Iowa, where in 1897 they established the Palmer College of Chiropractic. Holly Folk shows how the Palmers' system depicted chiropractic as a conduit for both material and spiritualized versions of a "vital principle," reflecting popular contemporary therapies and nineteenth-century metaphysical beliefs, including the idea that the spine was home to occult forces.The creation of chiropractic, and other Progressive-era versions of alternative medicine, happened at a time when the relationship between science and religion took on an urgent, increasingly competitive tinge. Many remarkable people, including the Palmers, undertook highly personal reinterpretations of their physical and spiritual worlds. In this context, Folk reframes alternative medicine and spirituality as a type of populist intellectual culture in which ideologies about the body comprise a highly appealing form of cultural resistance.
The Remarkable Life of the Skin: An Intimate Journey Across Our Largest Organ
by Monty LymanThis “seriously entertaining book” explores the skin in its multifaceted physical, psychological, and social aspects (Times, UK).Providing a cover for our delicate bodies, the skin is our largest and fastest-growing organ. We see it, touch it, and live in it every day. It is a habitat for a mesmerizingly complex world of micro-organisms and physical functions that are vital to our health and survival. One of the first things people see about us, skin is also crucial to our sense of identity. And yet much about it is largely unknown to us.With rigorous research and lucid prose, Monty Lyman explores our outer surface through the lenses of science, sociology, and history. He covers topics as diverse as the mechanics and magic of touch (how much goes on in the simple act of taking keys out of a pocket and unlocking a door is astounding), the close connection between the skin and the gut, what happens instantly when one gets a paper cut, and how a midnight snack can lead to sunburn. The Remarkable Life of the Skin takes readers on a journey across our most underrated and unexplored organ. It reveals how our skin is far stranger, more wondrous, and more complex than we have ever imagined.
The Remarkable Story of Copaxone®: An Approach to the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
by Kenneth P Johnson"Desperate patients, international geopolitics, pharmaceutical competition, governmental secrecy, a race against time-sounds like the stuff of a best-selling novel. But, no. It is "The Remarkable Story of Copaxone®," In this book, Dr. Kenneth P. Johnson, a highly respected scientist and world-renowned expert on multiple sclerosis, recounts the fascinating tale of the development and rise to prominence of the drug Copaxone®, one of the first agents to significantly impact the course of multiple sclerosis, an often devastating disease of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves." From the Foreword by Aaron Miller, MDMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common crippling neurologic disease of young adults. Its course is unpredictable; people with the disease never know when new symptoms may appear or if improvement will follow. Virtually every therapy for any human disease had been considered and tried, without finding a useful treatment. This understandably led to despair for people with MS and to frustration and disappointment for clinicians.The development of Copaxone® is among the most unique of modern drug discoveries. Not only is it the enduring legacy of brilliant and determined scientists working over decades; it is also the story of The Weizmann Institute of Science and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., two organizations that grew and prospered in spite of a most chaotic and dangerous environment during the early years of the State of Israel. Courage, focus, and dedication to high ideals, as well as excellent science, are the essence of this story.
The Remarkable Story of Vaccines: Milkmaid to Genome
by Norman BeggThis remarkable book tells you everything you need to know about vaccines. Having nearly 40 years’ experience of the subject, the author covers the history of vaccines, how they work, how research is carried out, their safety, how they are used in society, the inside track on COVID-19 and what the future holds. It is a deeply personal account, with anecdotes involving a cow called Blossom, a hospital in the Caribbean, a crocodile-infested lake in Malawi, an encounter with Russian soldiers in Prague and many others. An A-to-Z section covers every vaccine from Anthrax to Yellow Fever. It will educate, entertain and enlighten the vaccine scientific community and public health practitioners. Key Features• Explores a highly topical concept of vaccines in a comprehensive and easy-to-read manner• Engages readers with relatable and interesting anecdotes • Provides a balanced, factual counter to the huge amount of current vaccine misinformation
The Remedy
by Thomas GoetzThe riveting history of tuberculosis, the world’s most lethal disease, the two men whose lives it tragically intertwined, and the birth of medical science. In 1875, tuberculosis was the deadliest disease in the world, accountable for a third of all deaths. A diagnosis of TB#151;often called consumption#151;was a death sentence. Then, in a triumph of medical science, a German doctor named Robert Koch deployed an unprecedented scientific rigor to discover the bacteria that caused TB. Koch soon embarked on a remedy#151;a remedy that would be his undoing. When Koch announced his cure for consumption, Arthur Conan Doyle, then a small-town doctor in England and sometime writer, went to Berlin to cover the event. Touring the ward of reportedly cured patients, he was horrified. Koch’s #147;remedy” was either sloppy science or outright fraud. But to a world desperate for relief, Koch’s remedy wasn’t so easily dismissed. As Europe’s consumptives descended upon Berlin, Koch urgently tried to prove his case. Conan Doyle, meanwhile, returned to England determined to abandon medicine in favor of writing. In particular, he turned to a character inspired by the very scientific methods that Koch had formulated: Sherlock Holmes. Capturing the moment when mystery and magic began to yield to science, The Remedy chronicles the stunning story of how the germ theory of disease became a true fact, how two men of ambition were emboldened to reach for something more, and how scientific discoveries evolve into social truths.
The Remedy Box
by Carol BoyceThe Remedy Box is not intended to replace medical care when it is warranted. The intention is to provide readers with a simple, efficient system of caring for themselves and loved ones in a nonemergency, first aid situation using natural remedies. If, however, symptoms persist, seek the advice of a health professional and always contact your health care professional for chronic conditions. The clear guidelines and straightforward information found on the Remedy Cards make the process of home prescribing for minor ailments simplicity itself. The accompanying book is written in a friendly, accessible style that includes a wealth of advice and experience Amy has collected over the years. The range of choices for dealing with minor ailments at home using gentle, natural methods is enormous and immensely satisfying. Merely having the cards in your possession is empowering. You now have options. As you become familiar with the material, your increased confidence will help to allay much of the fear and anxiety that surround being ill. Empowerment of the patient is a fundamental aspect of the healing mechanism.
The Renal Drug Handbook: The Ultimate Prescribing Guide for Renal Practitioners, 5th Edition
by Caroline Ashley Aileen DunleavyThis invaluable guide, endorsed by the UKMi and reflecting the extensive experience of the UK Renal Pharmacy Group, features drug monographs guiding physicians in how to prescribe, prepare, and administer drugs to patients with different levels of kidney function and when undergoing renal replacement therapy. It has been fully updated for this fifth edition to include up to 100 additional drugs, while maintaining the clear structure and format that is easy to use and simple to follow in the busy clinical setting. It continues to offer support and guidance to health care professionals enabling them to prescribe medications to their renal patients appropriately and safely.
The Renal System (Peate's Body Systems)
by Ian PeatePEATE’S BODY SYSTEMS THE RENAL SYSTEM A CONCISE, ILLUSTRATED, AND ACCESSIBLE GUIDE TO THE RENAL SYSTEM Each of the twelve volumes in Peate’s Body Systems series is rooted in the belief that a deep and thorough understanding of the human body is essential for providing the highest standard of care. Offering clear, accessible and up-to-date information on different body systems, this series bridges the gap between complex scientific concepts and practical, everyday applications in health and care settings. This series makes for an invaluable resource for those committed to understanding the intricacies of human biology, physiology and the various systems that sustain life. The Renal System is the perfect companion for students and newly registered practitioners across nursing and allied health fields with an interest in renal care, providing a comprehensive yet easy-to-digest guide for both academic and clinical application. Equips healthcare students and practitioners with the necessary information to provide safe and competent care Features colourful illustrations to aid comprehension, clarify complicated concepts, and render content more engaging and accessible Empowers readers to adapt to a rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, preparing them for the future of healthcare delivery Contains information necessary for effective patient care of those with chronic and acute kidney disease, urinary tract infection, and other renal diseases and conditions
The Renal System at a Glance
by Christopher O'CallaghanThe Renal System at a Glance is a highly illustrated and practical guide to the structure and function of the kidney, renal, and urinary system. It also covers related disorders and abnormalities and their treatment. Fully updated to reflect the many exciting new developments in the understanding of nephrology, this new edition has been restructured to better integrate basic science and clinical examples to the medical school curricula. New chapters on glomerular filtration and global kidney medicine are included, while the latest guidance and approaches to acute kidney injury, chronic kidney diseases, and renal replacement therapy have also been incorporated. The Renal System at a Glance: Offers clear explanations on tricky topics such as electrolytes, fluid balance and acid-base handling Features new sections on glomerular filtration, and a new chapter on the global differences in kidney problems Includes cross-referencing between basic science and related clinical content Focuses on clinical disorders and investigations - ideal for those embarking on medicine rotations Illustrates each topic in a double page spread, complete with charts, graphs, and photographs This new edition is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors, and allied health professionals, including specialist nurses, who wish to learn, or refresh their knowledge, on the kidney and renal system in health and disease.