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Analysis of Biomarker Data
by Stephen W. Looney Joseph L. HaganA "how to" guide for applying statistical methods to biomarker data analysisPresenting a solid foundation for the statistical methods that are used to analyze biomarker data, Analysis of Biomarker Data: A Practical Guide features preferred techniques for biomarker validation. The authors provide descriptions of select elementary statistical methods that are traditionally used to analyze biomarker data with a focus on the proper application of each method, including necessary assumptions, software recommendations, and proper interpretation of computer output. In addition, the book discusses frequently encountered challenges in analyzing biomarker data and how to deal with them, methods for the quality assessment of biomarkers, and biomarker study designs. Covering a broad range of statistical methods that have been used to analyze biomarker data in published research studies, Analysis of Biomarker Data: A Practical Guide also features:A greater emphasis on the application of methods as opposed to the underlying statistical and mathematical theoryThe use of SAS®, R , and other software throughout to illustrate the presented calculations for each exampleNumerous exercises based on real-world data as well as solutions to the problems to aid in reader comprehensionThe principles of good research study design and the methods for assessing the quality of a newly proposed biomarkerA companion website that includes a software appendix with multiple types of software and complete data sets from the book's examplesAnalysis of Biomarker Data: A Practical Guide is an ideal upper-undergraduate and graduate-level textbook for courses in the biological or environmental sciences. An excellent reference for statisticians who routinely analyze and interpret biomarker data, the book is also useful for researchers who wish to perform their own analyses of biomarker data, such as toxicologists, pharmacologists, epidemiologists, environmental and clinical laboratory scientists, and other professionals in the health and environmental sciences.
Analysis of Bipolar and CMOS Amplifiers
by Amir M. SodagarThe classical approach to analog circuit analysis is a daunting prospect to many students, requiring tedious enumeration of contributing factors and lengthy calculations. Most textbooks apply this cumbersome approach to small-signal amplifiers, which becomes even more difficult as the number of components increases. Analysis of Bipolar and CMOS Amplifiers offers students an alternative that enables quick and intuitive analysis and design: the analysis-by-inspection method.This practical and student-friendly text demonstrates how to achieve approximate results that fall within an acceptable range of accuracy and are based on sound scientific principles. Working from the basics of amplifiers and transistors to biasing, single- and multistage amplifiers, current sources and mirrors, and analysis at midband, low, and high frequencies, the author demonstrates the interrelationship between behavior in both the time and frequency domains and balances the discussion between bipolar and CMOS circuits. Each chapter closes with a set of simulation examples in SPICE and MATLAB® that give students hands-on experience applying the concepts and methods using industry-standard tools.Building a practical working knowledge around a solid theoretical framework, Analysis of Bipolar and CMOS Amplifiers prepares your students to meet the challenges of quick and accurate approximations and software-based analysis awaiting them in the workplace.
Analysis of Boolean Functions
by Ryan O'DonnellBoolean functions are perhaps the most basic objects of study in theoretical computer science. They also arise in other areas of mathematics, including combinatorics, statistical physics, and mathematical social choice. The field of analysis of Boolean functions seeks to understand them via their Fourier transform and other analytic methods. This text gives a thorough overview of the field, beginning with the most basic definitions and proceeding to advanced topics such as hypercontractivity and isoperimetry. Each chapter includes a "highlight application" such as Arrow's theorem from economics, the Goldreich-Levin algorithm from cryptography/learning theory, Håstad's NP-hardness of approximation results, and "sharp threshold" theorems for random graph properties. The book includes roughly 450 exercises and can be used as the basis of a one-semester graduate course. It should appeal to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in computer science theory and related mathematical fields.
Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 2 Pilot Planning
by Committee on the Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations Near Nuclear Facilities-Phase 2 Pilot PlanningAnalysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities is a pilot study requested by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) to assess the risk of cancer near nuclear facilities in the United States.<P><P> This effort is being carried out in two phases. The Phase 1 study recommended two study designs appropriate for assessing cancer risks near nuclear facilities. It also recommended a pilot study of seven nuclear facilities to assess the technical feasibility of the recommended study designs. The Phase 2 study is the assessment of cancer risks.
Analysis of Capture-Recapture Data (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
by Rachel S. McCrea Byron J. MorganAn important first step in studying the demography of wild animals is to identify the animals uniquely through applying markings, such as rings, tags, and bands. Once the animals are encountered again, researchers can study different forms of capture-recapture data to estimate features, such as the mortality and size of the populations. Capture-rec
Analysis of Carbohydrates by GLC and MS
by Christopher J. Biermann Gary D. McGinnisThis textbook is a comprehensive guide to analysis of carbohy-drates by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. In addition to explaining the facets of carbohydrate analysis and their relation to each other, the text also contains in-depth reference in-formation useful to practitioners in the field. Improvements in car-bohydrate analyses methodology during the past six years are also highlighted. This extensively illustrated text provides excellent data for those in carbohydrate, agriculture, and food chemistry.
An Analysis of Cartelized Market Structures for Nonrenewable Resources (Routledge Library Editions: Environmental and Natural Resource Economics)
by Robert A. MarshallaOriginally published in 1979. While the theory of non-renewable resources under competitive and monopolistic market regimes have been relatively well developed, almost no attention has been given to the development of a theoretical framework for analysis of the spectrum of mixed market structure between those extremes. The world oil market structure is an example of such an intermediate market structure. The purpose of this title is to develop such a theoretical framework. The study examines non-renewable resource markets in which a profit maximizing producer cartel co-exists with a non-cartel supply sector, which is alternately modelled as consisting of a collection of competitive firms or as exhibiting other exogenously assumed supply behaviours. This title will be of interest to students of environmental economics.
Analysis of Catastrophes and Their Public Health Consequences: Descriptions, Predictions, and Aggregation of Expert Judgment Supporting Science Policy
by Paolo F. RicciPublic health policy prospectively and retrospectively addresses the consequences of events ranging from the commonplace to the catastrophic. Informing policymakers and stakeholders by enhancing their understanding of complex causation to justify remedial or precautionary actions is a critical science-policy task. In this book, the key aspects of catastrophes (regardless of their nature) and routine events are identified through a common framework for their analyses, and the analyses of the consequences associated with the potential occurrence of these events also are discussed. The book is not about disaster planning; instead, it is focused on analysis and causation in the context of informing – rather than formulating – public health policy. The author aggregates and fuses scientific information and knowledge in public health policy-science using alternative but complementary methods. The book first focuses on the analysis of catastrophes and commonplace events; the focus then shifts to causal models of multifactorial diseases, particularly at low doses or dose-rates, associated with these events. Topics explored among the chapters include:Policy and Legal Aspects of Precautionary ChoicesCatastrophes, Disasters, and Calamities: Concepts for Their Assessment Uncertainty: Probabilistic and Statistical AspectsAggregating Judgments to Inform Precautionary Decision-makingThe aim of the book is to show that the analyses of events are fundamentally similar, regardless of whether the concern is a global catastrophe or commonplace. Analysis of Catastrophes and Their Public Health Consequences is a text that should engage students, instructors, and researchers in public health, science policy, and preparedness research, as well as serve as a useful resource for policy analysts, practitioners, and risk managers.
Analysis of Categorical Data from Historical Perspectives: Essays in Honour of Shizuhiko Nishisato (Behaviormetrics: Quantitative Approaches to Human Behavior #17)
by Eric J. Beh Rosaria Lombardo Jose G. ClavelThis collection of essays is in honor of Shizuhiko Nishisato on his 88th birthday and consists of invited contributions only. The book contains essays on the analysis of categorical data, which includes quantification theory, cluster analysis, and other areas of multidimensional data analysis, covering more than half a century of research by the 41 interdisciplinary and international researchers who are contributors. Thus, it offers the wisdom and experience of work past and present and attracts a new generation of researchers to this field. Central to this wisdom and experience is that of Prof. Nishisato, who has spent much of the past 60 years mentoring and providing leadership in the research of quantification theory, especially that of “dual scaling”. The book includes contributions by leading researchers who have worked alongside Prof. Nishisato, published with him, been mentored by him, or whose work has been influenced by the research he has undertaken over his illustrious career. This book inspires researchers young and old as it highlights the significant contributions, past and present, that Prof. Nishisato has made in his field.
Analysis of Categorical Data with R (Chapman & Hall/CRC Texts in Statistical Science)
by Christopher R. Bilder Thomas M. LoughinAnalysis of Categorical Data with R, Second Edition presents a modern account of categorical data analysis using the R software environment. It covers recent techniques of model building and assessment for binary, multicategory, and count response variables and discusses fundamentals, such as odds ratio and probability estimation. The authors give detailed advice and guidelines on which procedures to use and why to use them.The second edition is a substantial update of the first based on the authors’ experiences of teaching from the book for nearly a decade. The book is organized as before, but with new content throughout, and there are two new substantive topics in the advanced topics chapter—group testing and splines. The computing has been completely updated, with the "emmeans" package now integrated into the book. The examples have also been updated, notably to include new examples based on COVID-19, and there are more than 90 new exercises in the book. The solutions manual and teaching videos have also been updated.Features: Requires no prior experience with R, and offers an introduction to the essential features and functions of R Includes numerous examples from medicine, psychology, sports, ecology, and many other areas Integrates extensive R code and output Graphically demonstrates many of the features and properties of various analysis methods Offers a substantial number of exercises in all chapters, enabling use as a course text or for self-study Supplemented by a website with data sets, code, and teaching videos Analysis of Categorical Data with R, Second Edition is primarily designed for a course on categorical data analysis taught at the advanced undergraduate or graduate level. Such a course could be taught in a statistics or biostatistics department, or within mathematics, psychology, social science, ecology, or another quantitative discipline. It could also be used by a self-learner and would make an ideal reference for a researcher from any discipline where categorical data arise.
The Analysis of Change
by John Mordechai GottmanContinuity and change have been major concerns of the social and behavioral sciences -- in the study of human development and in the study of processes that unfold in various ways across time. There has been a veritable explosion of techniques for studying change over time which have fundamentally changed how we need to think of and study change. Unfortunately, many of the old precepts and beliefs are still among us. The field of methodology for the study of change is itself ready to change. Recently, there have been many analytic and conceptual developments questioning our cherished beliefs about the study of change. As such, how are individuals to think about issues and correctly analyze change? The chapters in this volume address these issues. Divided into two sections, this book deals with designs that analyze change in multiple subjects, and with change in single subjects and an interacting system. Papers presented in this volume are accessible to scientists who are not methodologists. The character of the papers are more like primers than basic treatises on methodology, written for other methodologists. It is time that people stop thinking in rigid ways about how to study change and be introduced to a range of many possibilities. Change, stability, order and chaos are elusive concepts. The pursuit of the laws of change must be approached in as flexible and creative a fashion as possible. This book should help to lead the way.
Analysis of Chaotic Behavior in Non-linear Dynamical Systems: Models and Algorithms for Quaternions (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #160)
by Michał PiórekThis book presents a new approach for the analysis of chaotic behavior in non-linear dynamical systems, in which output can be represented in quaternion parametrization. It offers a new family of methods for the analysis of chaos in the quaternion domain along with extensive numerical experiments performed on human motion data and artificial data. All methods and algorithms are designed to allow detection of deterministic chaos behavior in quaternion data representing the rotation of a body in 3D space. This book is an excellent reference for engineers, researchers, and postgraduate students conducting research on human gait analysis, healthcare informatics, dynamical systems with deterministic chaos or time series analysis.
Analysis of Chemical Warfare Degradation Products
by Joseph A. Caruso Renee N. Easter Stuart A. Willison Douglas D. Richardson Karolin K. KroeningThis book describes nerve agents and vesicants, their decomposition and their degradation products' chemistry as well as their toxicity including a list of detection techniques of nerve agents and their degradation products. This book will present their history, toxicity, comparison between different sample preparation methods, separation techniques, and detection methods all together in a short, easy to read book, tied together by a single group doing the writing and the editing to assure smooth transition from chapter to chapter, with sufficient Tables and literature references for the reader who looks to further detail.The text will illustrate the pluses and minuses of the various techniques with sufficient references for the reader to obtain extensive detail.
Analysis of Complex Diseases: A Mathematical Perspective
by PhD, Guanyu WangA complex disease involves many etiological and risk factors operating at multiple levels-molecular, cellular, organismal, and environmental. The incidence of such diseases as cancer, obesity, and diabetes are increasing in occurrence, urging us to think fundamentally and use a broader perspective to identify their connection and revolutionize trea
Analysis of Computer Networks
by Fayez GebaliThis textbook presents the mathematical theory and techniques necessary for analyzing and modeling high-performance global networks, such as the Internet. The three main building blocks of high-performance networks are links, switching equipment connecting the links together and software employed at the end nodes and intermediate switches. This book provides the basic techniques for modeling and analyzing these last two components. Topics covered include, but are not limited to: Markov chains and queuing analysis, traffic modeling, interconnection networks and switch architectures and buffering strategies.
Analysis of Concrete Structures by Fracture Mechanics: Proceedings of a RILEM Workshop dedicated to Professor Arne Hillerborg, Abisko, Sweden 1989
by L. Elfgren S. P. ShahThis book presents the latest research findings of the fast developing applications of fracture mechanics to concrete structures. Key papers from leading experts in the field describe existing and new modelling techniques in the analysis of materials and structures. The book explains the practical application of fracture mechanics to structural mod
The Analysis of Contingency Tables
by Brian S. EverittMuch of the data collected in medicine and the social sciences is categorical, for example, sex, marital status, blood group, whether a smoker or not and so on, rather than interval-scaled. Frequently the researcher collecting such data is interested in the relationships or associations between pairs, or between a set of such categorical variables;
Analysis of Correlated Data with SAS and R
by Mohamed M. ShoukriAnalysis of Correlated Data with SAS and R: 4th edition presents an applied treatment of recently developed statistical models and methods for the analysis of hierarchical binary, count and continuous response data. It explains how to use procedures in SAS and packages in R for exploring data, fitting appropriate models, presenting programming codes and results. The book is designed for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the health sciences, epidemiology, statistics, and biostatistics as well as clinical researchers, and consulting statisticians who can apply the methods with their own data analyses. In each chapter a brief description of the foundations of statistical theory needed to understand the methods is given, thereafter the author illustrates the applicability of the techniques by providing sufficient number of examples. The last three chapters of the 4th edition contain introductory material on propensity score analysis, meta-analysis and the treatment of missing data using SAS and R. These topics were not covered in previous editions. The main reason is that there is an increasing demand by clinical researchers to have these topics covered at a reasonably understandable level of complexity. Mohamed Shoukri is principal scientist and professor of biostatistics at The National Biotechnology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center and Al-Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Professor Shoukri’s research includes analytic epidemiology, analysis of hierarchical data, and clinical biostatistics. He is an associate editor of the 3Biotech journal, a Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society and an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.
The Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives
by Bradley E. HuitemaA complete guide to cutting-edge techniques and best practices for applying covariance analysis methods The Second Edition of Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives sheds new light on its topic, offering in-depth discussions of underlying assumptions, comprehensive interpretations of results, and comparisons of distinct approaches. The book has been extensively revised and updated to feature an in-depth review of prerequisites and the latest developments in the field. The author begins with a discussion of essential topics relating to experimental design and analysis, including analysis of variance, multiple regression, effect size measures and newly developed methods of communicating statistical results. Subsequent chapters feature newly added methods for the analysis of experiments with ordered treatments, including two parametric and nonparametric monotone analyses as well as approaches based on the robust general linear model and reversed ordinal logistic regression. Four groundbreaking chapters on single-case designs introduce powerful new analyses for simple and complex single-case experiments. This Second Edition also features coverage of advanced methods including: Simple and multiple analysis of covariance using both the Fisher approach and the general linear model approach Methods to manage assumption departures, including heterogeneous slopes, nonlinear functions, dichotomous dependent variables, and covariates affected by treatments Power analysis and the application of covariance analysis to randomized-block designs, two-factor designs, pre- and post-test designs, and multiple dependent variable designs Measurement error correction and propensity score methods developed for quasi-experiments, observational studies, and uncontrolled clinical trials Thoroughly updated to reflect the growing nature of the field, Analysis of Covariance and Alternatives is a suitable book for behavioral and medical scineces courses on design of experiments and regression and the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It also serves as an authoritative reference work for researchers and academics in the fields of medicine, clinical trials, epidemiology, public health, sociology, and engineering.
An Analysis of Credit and Equilibrium Credit Rationing (Routledge Library Editions: Monetary Economics #10)
by Ying WuThis study, first published in 1994, is intended to deepen the readers understanding of the phenomenon of equilibrium credit rationing in two areas. The first area concerns the form that equilibrium credit rationing assumes and its importance in determining the behaviour of interest rates. The second concerns the role of equilibrium credit rationing in transmitting monetary shocks to the real sector. This title will be of interest to students of monetary economics.
Analysis of Data from Randomized Controlled Trials: A Practical Guide
by Jos W.R. TwiskThis book provides a practical guide to the analysis of data from randomized controlled trials (RCT). It gives an answer to the question of how to estimate the intervention effect in an appropriate way. This problem is examined for different RCT designs, such as RCTs with one follow-up measurement, RCTs with more than one follow-up measurement, cluster RCTs, cross-over trials, stepped wedge trials, and N-of-1 trials. The statistical methods are explained in a non-mathematical way and are illustrated by extensive examples. All datasets used in the book are available for download, so readers can reanalyse the examples to gain a better understanding of the methods used. Although most examples are taken from epidemiological and clinical studies, this book is also highly recommended for researchers working in other fields.
Analysis Of Deep Attack Operations: Operation Bagration, Belorussia, 22 June - 29 August 1944 [Illustrated Edition]
by Lieutenant Colonel William M. ConnorIncludes the World War Two On The Eastern Front (1941-1945) Illustration Pack - 198 photos/illustrations and 46 maps.Operation BAGRATION took place during what the Soviet analysts consider the third period of the war: that of the Soviet strategic offensives which marked the ascendancy of the Soviet armed forces over the German Wehrmacht. During this period, the armed forces of the Soviet Union held the strategic initiative and used it to defeat the Wehrmacht, gain control of Eastern Europe, and invade Germany proper, meeting Allied forces on the Elbe River on 25 April 1945. The period is regarded as beginning Jan. 1944 and ending with the V-E Day, 7 May 1945.By the beginning of 1944, the Red Army clearly had the initiative on the Eastern Front; moreover, since the beginning of the second period, the Soviet Union also had strong allies who could provide assistance in two ways: the U.S. and Great Britain...The invasions of Sicily and Italy followed in the second period, knocking Italy out of its alliance with Germany and diverting German forces to defend in Italy. The invasion of Sicily may also have contributed to the German decision to break off its Kursk offensives as well in July 1943...In the third period of the war, therefore, the Soviet Union held the strategic initiative, and the year opened with the first two of what would come to be known as the "Ten Destructive Blows" of 1944: Leningrad and the Ukraine. The offensive at Leningrad commenced on 14 Jan. 1944 and ground to a halt on 1 March with the German siege of Leningrad broken, the German Sixteenth and Eighteenth Armies defeated, Soviet advances of up to 200 kilometers, and Soviet forces on the border of Estonia. The blow in the Ukraine commenced on 24 Jan. 1944, lasting until mid-April, and involved all of the fronts in the Ukraine. Finally, the various fronts were ordered by Stavka to go on the defensive between 17 April and 6 May to prepare for the summer offensive.
Analysis of Delinquency and Aggression (Psychology Library Editions: Aggression)
by Albert Bandura Emilio Ribes-InestaOriginally published in 1976, this volume is organized about two central themes: the experimental analysis of aggression, and the application of learning principles to the prevention and modification of delinquency. The chapters, all new and original at the time, demonstrate how the problems of aggression, which had been interpreted in diverse ways, can be analyzed under controlled laboratory conditions. In addition, the contributors offer an explanation of how behavior modification techniques, derived from this knowledge, can be used for preventive purposes.Because of the social nature of aggression and delinquency, behavior change techniques were principally aimed at modifying environmental influences. The contributions to this volume illustrate how behavioral scientists may aid in the understanding and amelioration of conditions that give rise to violence. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
Analysis of Deterministic Cyclic Gene Regulatory Network Models with Delays (SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering)
by Mehmet Eren Ahsen Hitay Özbay Silviu-Iulian NiculescuThis brief examines a deterministic, ODE-based model for gene regulatory networks (GRN) that incorporates nonlinearities and time-delayed feedback. An introductory chapter provides some insights into molecular biology and GRNs. The mathematical tools necessary for studying the GRN model are then reviewed, in particular Hill functions and Schwarzian derivatives. One chapter is devoted to the analysis of GRNs under negative feedback with time delays and a special case of a homogenous GRN is considered. Asymptotic stability analysis of GRNs under positive feedback is then considered in a separate chapter, in which conditions leading to bi-stability are derived. Graduate and advanced undergraduate students and researchers in control engineering, applied mathematics, systems biology and synthetic biology will find this brief to be a clear and concise introduction to the modeling and analysis of GRNs.
The Analysis of Diffuse Triple Junction Zones in Plate Tectonics and the Pirate Model of Western Caribbean Tectonics
by D. Fraser KeppieModern researchers in plate tectonics may be concerned with the analysis of distributed deformation across diffuse plate boundaries and triple junction zones. This book extends classic methods of kinematic analysis first developed in the 1960s to the more general scenarios of diffuse deformation zones between plates. The analytic methods presented specifically target the non-rigid deformation implied by unstable triple junction configurations. These methods are then applied to the tectonic evolution of western Caribbean region which provides new ways to test and challenge the established Pacific model of Caribbean tectonics. Possible advantages of the new Pirate model of Caribbean tectonics are discussed in terms of paleo-geography and paleo-ocean connections, as well as mineral and hydrocarbon potential and seismic risks across the region.