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Analog IC Reliability in Nanometer CMOS (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Georges Gielen Elie MaricauThis book focuses on modeling, simulation and analysis of analog circuit aging. First, all important nanometer CMOS physical effects resulting in circuit unreliability are reviewed. Then, transistor aging compact models for circuit simulation are discussed and several methods for efficient circuit reliability simulation are explained and compared. Ultimately, the impact of transistor aging on analog circuits is studied. Aging-resilient and aging-immune circuits are identified and the impact of technology scaling is discussed. The models and simulation techniques described in the book are intended as an aid for device engineers, circuit designers and the EDA community to understand and to mitigate the impact of aging effects on nanometer CMOS ICs.
Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation: Placement, Routing and Parasitic Extraction Techniques
by Nuno Horta Nuno Lourenço Ricardo MartinsThis book introduces readers to a variety of tools for analog layout design automation. After discussing the placement and routing problem in electronic design automation (EDA), the authors overview a variety of automatic layout generation tools, as well as the most recent advances in analog layout-aware circuit sizing. The discussion includes different methods for automatic placement (a template-based Placer and an optimization-based Placer), a fully-automatic Router and an empirical-based Parasitic Extractor. The concepts and algorithms of all the modules are thoroughly described, enabling readers to reproduce the methodologies, improve the quality of their designs, or use them as starting point for a new tool. All the methods described are applied to practical examples for a 130nm design process, as well as placement and routing benchmark sets.
Analog Microelectronics
by Mattia BorgarinoThis textbook uses an innovative, fresh and rigorous approach to the analysis of analog circuits. The author guides students to leverage the psycho-cognitive concept of basic pattern as an efficient calculation tool, going beyond its traditional use for the qualitative visual inspection. In this journey, the reader is not left alone to face statements such as &“it is easy to prove that&” or &“it has been proven elsewhere that&”. All formulas and theorems are proven step-by-step. In particular, the proofs of the theorems on frequency response and stability have been made as intuitive as possible. The author thus demystifies and makes available to the student these relevant theorems, which are usually scattered over decades of reading and/or in several textbooks and papers. Two chapters focus on exercises of increasing difficulty, most of them discussed fully and solved step-by-step, allowing students to strengthen and test their knowledge. Moreover, the first two chapters introduce the history of microelectronics and physics of fundamental electron devices.
Analog Organic Electronics: Building Blocks for Organic Smart Sensor Systems on Foil (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Hagen Marien Paul Heremans Michiel SteyaertThis book provides insight into organic electronics technology and in analog circuit techniques that can be used to increase the performance of both analog and digital organic circuits. It explores the domain of organic electronics technology for analog circuit applications, specifically smart sensor systems. It focuses on all the building blocks in the data path of an organic sensor system between the sensor and the digital processing block. Sensors, amplifiers, analog-to-digital converters and DC-DC converters are discussed in detail. Coverage includes circuit techniques, circuit implementation, design decisions and measurement results of the building blocks described.
Analog Photography: Reference Manual for Shooting Film
by Andrew BellamyAttracted by the image quality, the tactile joy of a finely made camera, and the affordable prices of vintage equipment, photographers around the world are rediscovering the joys of manual photography. This comprehensive guide to shooting film photography covers all the bases, from setting up a camera through film processing. In a convenient format, filled with diagrams, examples, and illustrations, Analog Photography is a portable reference tool for neophytes and experienced photographers alike. With an irresistible package inspired by the aesthetics of vintage user manuals, this is "a great-looking publication and a fantastic place from which to start, or rekindle, a journey into film photography" (Creative Review).
Analog Superpowers: How Twentieth-Century Technology Theft Built the National Security State
by Katherine C. EpsteinA gripping history that spans law, international affairs, and top-secret technology to unmask the tension between intellectual property rights and national security. At the beginning of the twentieth century, two British inventors, Arthur Pollen and Harold Isherwood, became fascinated by a major military question: how to aim the big guns of battleships. These warships—of enormous geopolitical import before the advent of intercontinental missiles or drones—had to shoot in poor light and choppy seas at distant moving targets, conditions that impeded accurate gunfire. Seeing the need to account for a plethora of variables, Pollen and Isherwood built an integrated system for gathering data, calculating predictions, and transmitting the results to the gunners. At the heart of their invention was the most advanced analog computer of the day, a technological breakthrough that anticipated the famous Norden bombsight of World War II, the inertial guidance systems of nuclear missiles, and the networked “smart” systems that dominate combat today. Recognizing the value of Pollen and Isherwood’s invention, the British Royal Navy and the United States Navy pirated it, one after the other. When the inventors sued, both the British and US governments invoked secrecy, citing national security concerns. Drawing on a wealth of archival evidence, Analog Superpowers analyzes these and related legal battles over naval technology, exploring how national defense tested the two countries’ commitment to individual rights and the free market. Katherine C. Epstein deftly sets out Pollen’s and Isherwood’s pioneering achievements, the patent questions raised, the geopolitical rivalry between Britain and the United States, and the legal precedents each country developed to control military tools built by private contractors. Epstein’s account reveals that long before the US national security state sought to restrict information about atomic energy, it was already embroiled in another contest between innovation and secrecy. The America portrayed in this sweeping and accessible history isn’t yet a global hegemon but a rising superpower ready to acquire foreign technology by fair means or foul—much as it accuses China of doing today.
Analog Synthesizers: From the Legacy of Moog to Software Synthesis
by Mark JenkinsMaking its first huge impact in the 1960s through the inventions of Bob Moog, the analog synthesizer sound, riding a wave of later developments in digital and software synthesis, has now become more popular than ever. Analog Synthesizers charts the technology, instruments, designers, and musicians associated with its three major historical phases: invention in the 1960s–1970s and the music of Walter Carlos, Pink Floyd, Gary Numan, Genesis, Kraftwerk, The Human League, Tangerine Dream, and Jean-Michel Jarre; re-birth in the 1980s–1990s through techno and dance music and jazz fusion; and software synthesis. Now updated, this new edition also includes sections on the explosion from 2000 to the present day in affordable, mass market Eurorack format and other analog instruments, which has helped make the analog synthesizer sound hugely popular once again, particularly in the fields of TV and movie music. Major artists interviewed in depth include: Hans Zimmer (Golden Globe and Academy Award nominee and winner, "Gladiator" and "The Lion King") Mike Oldfield (Grammy Award winner, "Tubular Bells") Isao Tomita (Grammy Award nominee, "Snowflakes Are Dancing") Rick Wakeman (Grammy Award nominee, Yes) Tony Banks (Grammy, Ivor Novello and Brit Awards, Genesis) Nick Rhodes (Grammy Award Winner, Duran Duran) and from the worlds of TV and movie music: Kyle Dixon and Michael Stein (Primetime Emmy Award, "Stranger Things") Paul Haslinger (BMI Film and TV Music Awards, "Underworld") Suzanne Ciani (Grammy Award Nominee, "Neverland") Adam Lastiwka ("Travelers") The book opens with a grounding in the physics of sound, instrument layout, sound creation, purchasing, and instrument repair, which will help entry level musicians as well as seasoned professionals appreciate and master the secrets of analog sound synthesis. Analog Synthesizers has a companion website featuring hundreds of examples of analog sound created using dozens of classic and modern instruments.
Analog VLSI Design Automation (Vlsi Circuits Ser.)
by Sina Balkir Günhan Dündar A. Selçuk ÖgrenciThe explosive growth and development of the integrated circuit market over the last few years have been mostly limited to the digital VLSI domain. The difficulty of automating the design process in the analog domain, the fact that a general analog design methodology remained undefined, and the poor performance of earlier tools have left the analog
Analog and Digital Electronic Circuits: Fundamentals, Analysis, and Applications (Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics)
by R. PrasadThis book introduces the foundations and fundamentals of electronic circuits. It broadly covers the subjects of circuit analysis, as well as analog and digital electronics. It features discussion of essential theorems required for simplifying complex circuits and illustrates their applications under different conditions. Also, in view of the emerging potential of Laplace transform method for solving electrical networks, a full chapter is devoted to the topic in the book. In addition, it covers the physics and technical aspects of semiconductor diodes and transistors, as well as discrete-time digital signals, logic gates, and combinational logic circuits. Each chapter is presented as complete as possible, without the reader having to refer to any other book or supplementary material. Featuring short self-assessment questions distributed throughout, along with a large number of solved examples, supporting illustrations, and chapter-end problems and solutions, this book is ideal for any physics undergraduate lecture course on electronic circuits. Its use of clear language and many real-world examples make it an especially accessible book for students unfamiliar or unsure about the subject matter.
Analog and Digital Signal Analysis: From Basics to Applications (Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing)
by Frédéric Cohen TenoudjiThis book provides comprehensive, graduate-level treatment of analog and digital signal analysis suitable for course use and self-guided learning. This expert text guides the reader from the basics of signal theory through a range of application tools for use in acoustic analysis, geophysics, and data compression. Each concept is introduced and explained step by step, and the necessary mathematical formulae are integrated in an accessible and intuitive way. The first part of the book explores how analog systems and signals form the basics of signal analysis. This section covers Fourier series and integral transforms of analog signals, Laplace and Hilbert transforms, the main analog filter classes, and signal modulations. Part II covers digital signals, demonstrating their key advantages. It presents z and Fourier transforms, digital filtering, inverse filters, deconvolution, and parametric modeling for deterministic signals. Wavelet decomposition and reconstruction of non-stationary signals are also discussed. The third part of the book is devoted to random signals, including spectral estimation, parametric modeling, and Tikhonov regularization. It covers statistics of one and two random variables and the principles and methods of spectral analysis. Estimation of signal properties is discussed in the context of ergodicity conditions and parameter estimations, including the use of Wiener and Kalman filters. Two appendices cover the basics of integration in the complex plane and linear algebra. A third appendix presents a basic Matlab toolkit for computer signal analysis. This expert text provides both a solid theoretical understanding and tools for real-world applications.
Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuits in Nanoscale CMOS (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Pui-In Mak Rui Paulo da Silva MartinsThis book provides readers with a single-source reference to the state-of-the-art in analog and mixed-signal circuit design in nanoscale CMOS. Renowned authors from academia describe creative circuit solutions and techniques, in state-of-the-art designs, enabling readers to deal with today’s technology demands for high integration levels with a strong miniaturization capability.
Analog and Mixed-Signal Electronics
by Karl StephanA practical guide to analog and mixed-signal electronics, with an emphasis on design problems and applications <P><P> This book provides an in-depth coverage of essential analog and mixed-signal topics such as power amplifiers, active filters, noise and dynamic range, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion techniques, phase-locked loops, and switching power supplies. Readers will learn the basics of linear systems, types of nonlinearities and their effects, op-amp circuits, the high-gain analog filter-amplifier, and signal generation. The author uses system design examples to motivate theoretical explanations and covers system-level topics not found in most textbooks. <P> * Provides references for further study and problems at the end of each chapter <P> * Includes an appendix describing test equipment useful for analog and mixed-signal work <P> * Examines the basics of linear systems, types of nonlinearities and their effects, op-amp circuits, the high-gain analog filter-amplifier, and signal generation <P> Comprehensive and detailed, Analog and Mixed-Signal Electronics is a great introduction to analog and mixed-signal electronics for EE undergraduates, advanced electronics students, and for those involved in computer engineering, biomedical engineering, computer science, and physics.<P> Advisory: Bookshare has learned that this book offers only partial accessibility. We have kept it in the collection because it is useful for some of our members. To explore further access options with us, please contact us through the Book Quality link on the right sidebar. Benetech is actively working on projects to improve accessibility issues such as these.
Analog and Pulse Circuits
by Dayaydi Lakshmaiah C.B. Ramarao K. Kishan RaoThis book is intended for anyone who has an interest to learn the analysis and design of analog and digital systems. The book covers the foundation of analysis and design of all analog and pulse circuits. The book is organized into seven chapters. In each chapter, practical derivations are explained step by step. Note: T& F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
Analog and VLSI Circuits (The Circuits and Filters Handbook, 3rd Edition)
by Wai-Kai ChenFeaturing hundreds of illustrations and references, this volume in the third edition of the Circuits and Filters Handbook, provides the latest information on analog and VLSI circuits, omitting extensive theory and proofs in favor of numerous examples throughout each chapter. The first part of the text focuses on analog integrated circuits, presenting up-to-date knowledge on monolithic device models, analog circuit cells, high performance analog circuits, RF communication circuits, and PLL circuits. In the second half of the book, well-known contributors offer the latest findings on VLSI circuits, including digital systems, data converters, and systolic arrays.
Analog und Digital: schriften zur philosophie des machens
by Otl AicherOtl Aicher (1922 –1991) war einer der herausragenden Vertreter des modernen Designs, er war Mitbegründer der legendären Hochschule für Gestaltung Ulm (HfG). Der heute geläu_ ge Begriff der visuellen Kommunikation ist auf ihn zurückzuführen. Was er seit den 1950er Jahren geschaffen hat, erinnert sei z. B. an die Piktogramme für die Olympischen Sommerspiele München 1972, gehört zu den ganz großen Leistungen der visuellen Kultur unserer Zeit.Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der Arbeiten von Aicher ist deren Verankerung in einer von Denkern wie Ockham, Kant oder Wittgenstein inspirierten „Philosophie des Machens“, die die Voraussetzungen und Ziele sowie die Gegenstände und Ansprüche von Gestaltung zum Thema hat. Aichers Schriften zu Fragen des Designs von der visuellen Gestaltung bis hin zur Architektur liegen in diesem Band in geschlossener Form vor.Wenn Aicher das Analoge und Konkrete dem Digitalen und Abstrakten vorzieht, tut er dies mit philosophischer Absicht. Er relativiert die Rolle der reinen Vernunft. Er kritisiert den Rationalismus der Moderne als Ergebnis der Vorherrschaft des bloß abstrakten Denkens. Wer das Abstrakte dem Konkreten vorzieht, missversteht nicht nur die wechselseitige Abhängigkeit von Begriff und Anschauung. Er schafft nach Aichers Urteil auch eine falsche Hierarchie, eine Rangordnung, die kulturell verhängnisvoll ist. Das digitale, Abstrakte ist nicht höher, größer und wichtiger als das Analoge, Konkrete.Wilhelm Vossenkuhl
Analog-Digital Converters for Industrial Applications Including an Introduction to Digital-Analog Converters
by Frank OhnhäuserThis book offers students and those new to the topic of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) a broad introduction, before going into details of the state-of-the-art design techniques for SAR and DS converters, including the latest research topics, which are valuable for IC design engineers as well as users of ADCs in applications. The book then addresses important topics, such as correct connectivity of ADCs in an application, the verification, characterization and testing of ADCs that ensure high-quality end products. Analog-to-digital converters are the central element in any data processing system and regulation loops such as modems or electrical motor drives. They significantly affect the performance and resolution of a system or end product. System development engineers need to be familiar with the performance parameters of the converters and understand the advantages and disadvantages of the various architectures. Integrated circuit development engineers have to overcome the problem of achieving high performance and resolution with the lowest possible power dissipation, while the digital circuitry generates distortion in supply, ground and substrate. This book explains the connections and gives suggestions for obtaining the highest possible resolution. Novel trends are illustrated in the design of analog-to-digital converters based on successive approximation and the difficulties in the development of continuous-time delta-sigma modulators are also discussed.
Analog-and-Algorithm-Assisted Ultra-low Power Biosignal Acquisition Systems (Analog Circuits and Signal Processing)
by Chris Van Hoof Marian Verhelst Venkata Rajesh PamulaThis book discusses the design and implementation aspects of ultra-low power biosignal acquisition platforms that exploit analog-assisted and algorithmic approaches for power savings.The authors describe an approach referred to as “analog-and-algorithm-assisted” signal processing.This enables significant power consumption reductions by implementing low power biosignal acquisition systems, leveraging analog preprocessing and algorithmic approaches to reduce the data rate very early in the signal processing chain.They demonstrate savings for wearable sensor networks (WSN) and body area networks (BAN), in the sensors’ stimulation power consumption, as well in the power consumption of the digital signal processing and the radio link. Two specific implementations, an adaptive sampling electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition and a compressive sampling (CS) photoplethysmogram (PPG) acquisition system, are demonstrated.First book to present the so called, “analog-and-algorithm-assisted” approaches for ultra-low power biosignal acquisition and processing platforms;Covers the recent trend of “beyond Nyquist rate” signal acquisition and processing in detail, including adaptive sampling and compressive sampling paradigms;Includes chapters on compressed domain feature extraction, as well as acquisition of photoplethysmogram, an emerging optical sensing modality, including compressive sampling based PPG readout with embedded feature extraction;Discusses emerging trends in sensor fusion for improving the signal integrity, as well as lowering the power consumption of biosignal acquisition systems.
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
by Marcel J.M. PelgromThis textbook is appropriate for use in graduate-level curricula in analog to digital conversion, as well as for practicing engineers in need of a state-of-the-art reference on data converters. It discusses various analog-to-digital conversion principles, including sampling, quantization, reference generation, nyquist architectures and sigma-delta modulation. This book presents an overview of the state-of-the-art in this field and focuses on issues of optimizing accuracy and speed, while reducing the power level. This new, second edition emphasizes novel calibration concepts, the specific requirements of new systems, the consequences of 22-nm technology and the need for a more statistical approach to accuracy. Pedagogical enhancements to this edition include more than twice the exercises available in the first edition, solved examples to introduce all key, new concepts and warnings, remarks and hints, from a practitioner's perspective, wherever appropriate. Considerable background information and practical tips, from designing a PCB, to lay-out aspects, to trade-offs on system level, complement the discussion of basic principles, making this book a valuable reference for the experienced engineer.
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
by Marcel J.M. PelgromThis textbook is appropriate for use in graduate-level curricula in analog-to-digital conversion, as well as for practicing engineers in need of a state-of-the-art reference on data converters. It discusses various analog-to-digital conversion principles, including sampling, quantization, reference generation, Nyquist architectures and sigma-delta modulation. This book presents an overview of the state-of-the-art in this field and focuses on issues of optimizing accuracy and speed, while reducing the power level. This new, fourth edition emphasizes novel calibration concepts, the specific requirements of systems, the consequences of advanced technology and the need for a more statistical approach to accuracy. Pedagogical enhancements to this edition include additional, new exercises, solved examples to introduce all key, new concepts and warnings, remarks and hints, from a practitioner's perspective, wherever appropriate. Considerable background information and practical tips, from designing a PCB, to lay-out aspects, to trade-offs on system level, complement the discussion of basic principles, making this book a valuable reference for the experienced engineer.
Analog-to-Digital Conversion
by Marcel PelgromA book is like a window that allows you to look into the world. The window is shaped by the author and that makes that every window presents a unique view of the world. This is certainly true for this book. It is shaped by the topics and the projects throughout my career. Even more so, this book re'ects my own style of working and thinking. That starts already in Chap. 2. When I joined Philips Research in 1979, many of my colleagues used little paper notebooks to keep track of the most used equations and other practical things. This notebook was the beginning for Chap. 2: a collection of topics that form the basis for much of the other chapters. Chapter2 is not intended to explain these topics, but to refresh your knowledge and help you when you need some basics to solve more complex issues. In the chapters discussing the fundamental processes of conversion, you will r- ognize my preoccupation with mathematics. I really enjoy ?nding an equation that properly describes the underlying mechanism. Nevertheless mathematics is not a goalonitsown:theequationshelptounderstandthewaythevariablesareconnected to the result. Real insight comes from understanding the physics and electronics. In the chapters on circuit design I have tried to reduce the circuit diagrams to the s- plest form, but not simpler. . . I do have private opinions on what works and what should not be applied.
Analog/Digital Implementation of Fractional Order Chaotic Circuits and Applications
by Esteban Tlelo-Cuautle Ana Dalia Pano-Azucena Omar Guillén-Fernández Alejandro Silva-JuárezThis book details the simulation and optimization of integer and fractional-order chaotic systems, and how they can be implemented in the analog and digital domains using FPAAs and FPGAs. Design guidelines are provided to use commercially available electronic devices, and to perform hardware descriptions of integer/fractional-order chaotic systems programming in VHDL. Finally, several engineering applications oriented to cryptography, internet of things, robotics and chaotic communications, are detailed to highlight the usefulness of FPAA/FPGA based integer/fractional-order chaotic systems.Provides guidelines to implement fractional-order derivatives using commercially available devices;Describes details on using FPAAs to approach fractional-order chaotic systems;Includes details on using FPGAs to approach fractional-order chaotic systems, programming in VHDL and reducing hardware resources;Discusses applications to cryptography, internet of things, robotics and chaotic communications.
Analogia Entis: Original Structure and Universal Rhythm (Ressourcement: Retrieval and Renewal in Catholic Thought (RRRCT))
by Erich PrzywaraAlthough Erich Przywara (1889–1972) was one of the preeminent Catholic theologians of his time and a profound influence on such people as Hans Urs von Balthasar and Joseph Ratzinger, he has remained virtually unknown in North America. This volume includes Przywara’s groundbreaking Analogia Entis, originally published in 1932, and his subsequent essays on the concept analogia entis -- the analogy between God and creation -- which has currency in philosophical and theological circles today.
Analogia: The Emergence of Technology Beyond Programmable Control
by George DysonNamed one of WIRED’s "The Best Pop Culture That Got Us Through 2020"In Analogia, technology historian George Dyson presents a startling look back at the analog age and life before the digital revolution—and an unsettling vision of what comes next.In 1716, the philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz spent eight days taking the cure with Peter the Great at Bad Pyrmont in Saxony, trying to persuade the tsar to launch a voyage of discovery from Russia to America and to adopt digital computing as the foundation for a remaking of life on earth. In two classic books, Darwin Among the Machines and Turing’s Cathedral, George Dyson chronicled the realization of the second of Leibniz’s visions. In Analogia, his pathbreaking new book, he brings the story full circle, starting with the Russian American expedition of 1741 and ending with the beyond-digital revolution that will completethe transformation of the world.Dyson enlists a startling cast of characters, from the time of Catherine the Great to the age of machine intelligence, and draws heavily on his own experiences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, and onward to the rain forest of the Northwest Coast. We are, Dyson reveals, entering a new epoch in human history, one driven by a generation of machines whose powers are no longer under programmable control. Includes black-and-white illustrations
Analogical Investigations
by Lloyd, G. E. R.Western philosophy and science are responsible for constructing some powerful tools of investigation, aiming at discovering the truth, delivering robust explanations, verifying conjectures, showing that inferences are sound and demonstrating results conclusively. By contrast reasoning that depends on analogies has often been viewed with suspicion. Professor Lloyd first explores the origins of those Western ideals, criticises some of their excesses and redresses the balance in favour of looser, admittedly non-demonstrative analogical reasoning. For this he takes examples both from ancient Greek and Chinese thought and from the materials of recent ethnography to show how different ancient and modern cultures have developed different styles of reasoning. He also develops two original but controversial ideas, that of semantic stretch (to cast doubt on the literal/metaphorical dichotomy) and the multidimensionality of reality (to bypass the realism versus relativism and nature versus nurture controversies).
Analogical Reasoning in Children (Essays in Developmental Psychology)
by Usha GoswamiAnalogical reasoning is a fundamental cognitive skill, involved in classification, learning, problem-solving and creative thinking, and should be a basic building block of cognitive development. However, for a long time researchers have believed that children are incapable of reasoning by analogy. This book argues that this is far from the case, and that analogical reasoning may be available very early in development. Recent research has shown that even 3-year-olds can solve analogies, and that infants can reason about relational similarity, which is the hallmark of analogy.The book traces the roots of the popular misconceptions about children's analogical abilities and argues that when children fail to use analogies, it is because they do not understand the relations underlying the analogy rather than because they are incapable of analogical reasoning. The author argues that young children spontaneously use analogies in learning, and that their analogies can sometimes lead them into misconceptions. In the "real worlds" of their classrooms, children use analogies when learning basic skills like reading, and even babies seem to use analogies to learn about the world around them.