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Community, State, and Market on the North Atlantic Rim: Challenges to Modernity in the Fisheries
by Bonnie Mccay Svein Jentoft Gene Barrett Knut Mikalsen Leigh Mazany Petter Holm Richard ApostleThis is a study of Northern Norway and Atlantic Canada, two regions experiencing a severe crisis due to overexploitation of fisheries resources. The work of a group of researchers from Canada, Norway, and the United States, it examines the implications of common market integration, privatized resource management, and small business development policies for fishery-dependent communities in terms of long-term sustainability and participatory democracy. The book is broken into three sections: an examination of the economic and institutional history of the fisheries in Norway and Atlantic Canada, a study of the regulatory regimes used in the fisheries of these two regions, and an analysis of reactions in three communities, two in Canada and one in Norway, to the decline and collapse of fish stocks. Comparative, multidisciplinary, and multinational in approach, it is a major contribution to the literature on fishing regulations, the role of the state, and resource development in the North Atlantic.
Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Change: Scaling it up
by Hannah Reid Saleemul Huq E. Lisa F. Schipper Jessica Ayers Atiq RahmanAs climate change adaptation rises up the international policy agenda, matched by increasing funds and frameworks for action, there are mounting questions over how to ensure the needs of vulnerable people on the ground are met. Community-based adaptation (CBA) is one growing proposal that argues for tailored support at the local level to enable vulnerable people to identify and implement appropriate community-based responses to climate change themselves. Community Based Adaptation to Climate Change: Scaling it up explores the challenges for meeting the scale of the adaptation challenge through CBA. It asks the fundamental questions: How can we draw replicable lessons to move from place-based projects towards more programmatic adaptation planning? How does CBA fit with larger scale adaptation policy and programmes? How are CBA interventions situated within the institutions that enable or undermine adaptive capacity? Combining the research and experience of prominent adaptation and development theorists and practitioners, this book presents cutting edge knowledge that moves the debate on CBA forward towards effective, appropriate, and ‘scaled-up’ adaptive action.
Community-Based Collaboration: Bridging Socio-Ecological Research and Practice
by Juliana E. Birkhoff E. Franklin Dukes Karen E. FirehockThe debate over the value of community-based environmental collaboration is one that dominates current discussions of the management of public lands and other resources. In Community-Based Collaboration: Bridging Socio-Ecological Research and Practice, the volume's contributors offer an in-depth interdisciplinary exploration of what attracts people to this collaborative mode. The authors address the new institutional roles adopted by community-based collaborators and their interaction with existing governance institutions in order to achieve more holistic solutions to complex environmental challenges. Contributors:Heidi L. Ballard, University of California, Davis * Juliana E. Birkhoff, RESOLVE * Charles Curtin, Antioch University * Cecilia Danks, University of Vermont * E. Franklin Dukes, University of Virginia and George Mason University * María Fernández-Giménez, Colorado State University * Karen E. Firehock, University of Virginia * Melanie Hughes McDermott, Rutgers University * William D. Leach, California State University, Sacramento * Margaret Ann Moote, private consultant * Susan L. Senecah, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry * Gregg B. Walker, Oregon State University
Community-Based Forest Management (World Forests #22)
by Tapan Kumar Nath Mohammed Jashimuddin Makoto InoueThe book is immensely beneficial to the readers to have a clear understanding of various CBFM practices prevailing in Bangladesh. Providing a comprehensive and critical analysis of success stories concerning several CBFM practices in different forest areas of Bangladesh, together with their respective strengths and weaknesses, it identifies sharing authority to take decision by the community as one of the main weaknesses. The other main weakness is the lack of beat level authority to coordinate with community for making the process vibrant. The book determines that it is the community patrol group which is most effective under the co-management system, yet the general body and executive committee of the co-management system are composed of different stakeholders, each of which is subject to their own work pressures, and are not as effective as claimed. There is a need to empower communities living in and around forests, and to create ownership of the forests so that they can feel that the forests around them are by the community and for the community.
Community-based Water Law and Water Resource Management Reform in Developing Countries
by B. C. P. van Koppen Mark Giordano John ButterworthContributors from various specialties of engineering and of social science analyze operating community-based water laws in Africa, Latin America, and Asia; and critically examine the interface between community-based water laws, formal water laws, and a variety of other institutional dimensions in ongoing water resource management reform. Most of the 15 studies were selected from presentations to a January 2005 international conference in Johannesburg, which focused on rural Africa. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc. , Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Community-based adaptation: Mainstreaming into national and local planning
by Hannah ReidCommunity-based adaptation (CBA) to climate change is based on local priorities, needs, knowledge and capacities. Early CBA initiatives were generally implemented by non-government organisations (NGOs), and operated primarily at the local level. Many used ‘bottom-up’ participatory processes to identify the climate change problem and appropriate responses. Small localised stand-alone initiatives are insufficient to address the scale of challenges climate change will bring, however. The causes of vulnerability - such as market or service access, or good governance - also often operate beyond the project level. Larger organisations and national governments have therefore started to implement broader CBA programmes, which provide opportunities to scale up responses and integrate CBA into higher levels of policy and planning. This book shows that it is possible for CBA to remain centred on local priorities, but not necessarily limited to work implemented at the local level. Some chapters address the issue of mainstreaming CBA into government policy and planning processes or into city or sectoral level plans (e.g. on agriculture). Others look at how gender and children’s issues should be mainstreamed into adaptation planning itself, and others describe how tools can be applied, and finance delivered for effective mainstreaming.This book was published as a special issue of Climate and Development.
Como sapiens: Correr, comer, amar y descansar a la manera de los humanos
by Lucas LlachEl conflicto entre nuestros instintos y cuerpo de Homo sapiens y la vida que llevamos es cada vez mayor. ¿Qué humanidad estamos construyendo? Nuestra especie no era la única ni la más prometedora de las varias versiones de humanos en el planeta hace 200.000 años. Pero lo conquistó. Salió de su cuna en África y ocupó todos los continentes. Seleccionó y rediseñó al puñado de animales y vegetales de los que se alimenta. Se multiplicó una y mil veces. Hizo pueblos, ciudades, imperios, guerras, transportes, fábricas e ideas, muchas ideas. El Homo sapiens de hoy es el mismo animal, pero se mueve menos, come peor, trabaja más y tiene menos sexo que sus tatarabuelos africanos. Padece ese desfasaje a cambio de mortalidad baja y pobreza en descenso. Sigue triunfando en su primacía sobre el resto de las especies, pero lo pueden desafiar seriamente una pandemia o una crisis ecológica, o los cambios en su propio cuerpo a medida que la medicina apaga la selección natural y la ingeniería genética imagina humanos de diseño. A prudente distancia de la corrección política y con una dosis importante de humor, este ensayo -que es también crónica- repasa los hallazgos de los últimos años sobre la evolución humana e invita a pensar cómo queremos vivir de ahora en adelante. "Que una especie intente desactivar los mecanismos de la selección natural que operan sobre sí misma, y lo logre casi por completo, es inédito, y ya está redefiniendo al Homo sapiens [...] El ser humano se va convirtiendo gradualmente en Homo medicus, una especie mucho más diversa, formada por descendientes de Homo sapiens que van acumulando variaciones genéticas, útiles o no. Gracias a la medicina, los Homo medicus pueden sobrevivir a los errores de copia, y a su vez necesitan cada vez más de la medicina para que emparche lo que ya no limpia de manera más eficaz y mucho más cruel la selección natural. [...] Pero también es cierto que podemos tratar de moderar esos desequilibrios entre lo que somos y la vida que llevamos. Vivir como sapiens no es volver a ningún tiempo ni lugar específicos. Es tratar de ser conscientes de que somos Homo sapiens (casi iguales, biológicamente, a los de hace cien siglos) nacidos en una cultura para la que el Homo sapiens no está preparado".
Companies and Climate Change: Theory and Law in the United Kingdom (Cambridge Studies on Environment, Energy and Natural Resources Governance)
by Lisa BenjaminCompanies lie at the heart of the climate crisis and are both culpable for, and vulnerable to, its impacts. Rising social and investor concern about the escalating risks of climate change are changing public and investor expectations of businesses and, as a result, corporate approaches to climate change. Dominant corporate norms that put shareholders (and their wealth maximization) at the heart of company law are viewed by many as outdated and in need of reform. Companies and Climate Change analyzes these developments by assessing the regulation and pressures that impact energy companies in the UK, with lessons that apply worldwide. In this work, Lisa Benjamin shows how the Paris Agreement, climate and energy law in the EU and the UK, and transnational human rights and climate litigation, are regulatory and normative developments that illustrate how company law can and should act as a bridge to progressive corporate climate action.
Companion to Environmental Studies
by Mike Hulme Noel Castree James D. ProctorCompanion to Environmental Studies presents a comprehensive and interdisciplinary overview of the key issues, debates, concepts, approaches and questions that together define environmental studies today. The intellectually wide-ranging volume covers approaches in environmental science all the way through to humanistic and post-natural perspectives on the biophysical world. Though many academic disciplines have incorporated studying the environment as part of their curriculum, only in recent years has it become central to the social sciences and humanities rather than mainly the geosciences. ‘The environment’ is now a keyword in everything from fisheries science to international relations to philosophical ethics to cultural studies. The Companion brings these subject areas, and their distinctive perspectives and contributions, together in one accessible volume. Over 150 short chapters written by leading international experts provide concise, authoritative and easy-to-use summaries of all the major and emerging topics dominating the field, while the seven part introductions situate and provide context for section entries. A gateway to deeper understanding is provided via further reading and links to online resources. Companion to Environmental Studies offers an essential one-stop reference to university students, academics, policy makers and others keenly interested in ‘the environmental question’, the answer to which will define the coming century.
Companions in Conflict: Animals in Occupied Palestine
by Penny JohnsonAn award-winning author explores the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through a surprising lens: the animals trying to survive in occupied hotspotsIn August of 2016, Israeli police officers arrested a Palestinian donkey in the Jordan Valley. The charge? Not having the correct paperwork.It's an image as sad (and strangely common) as it is symbolic: No creature great or small is free from the absurdities of the Occupied Territories. Companions in Conflict is a surprising investigation into the deeply intertwined lives of the region's human and animal populations: From camel beauty contests, to a herd of "illegal" Palestinian cows hunted down by Israeli soldiers; from a hyena in a wolf pack that becomes a symbol of Middle East peace, to the tragic story of the now-taxidermied inhabitants of the West Bank's only zoo--who were frightened to death by Israeli explosive devices. Drawing on three decades of living in the region, Penny Johnson's insightful writing reveals what these and many other animals' fates tell us about the current state of Israel and Palestine. What's more, looking forward, she introduces a new generation of environmental activists to us, who represent the region's best hope for conservation, collaboration, and justice for all creatures.
Comparative Environmental Politics
by Stacy D. Vandeveer Paul F. SteinbergHow do different societies respond politically to environmental problems around the globe? Answering this question requires systematic, cross-national comparisons of political institutions, regulatory styles, and state-society relations. The field of comparative environmental politics approaches this task by bringing the theoretical tools of comparative politics to bear on the substantive concerns of environmental policy. This book outlines a comparative environmental politics framework and applies it to concrete, real-world problems of politics and environmental management. After a comprehensive review of the literature exploring domestic environmental politics around the world, the book provides a sample of major currents within the field, showing how environmental politics intersects with such topics as the greening of the state, the rise of social movements and green parties, European Union expansion, corporate social responsibility, federalism, political instability, management of local commons, and policymaking under democratic and authoritarian regimes. It offers fresh insights into environmental problems ranging from climate change to water scarcity and the disappearance of tropical forests, and it examines actions by state and nonstate actors at levels from the local to the continental. The book will help scholars and policymakers make sense of how environmental issues and politics are connected around the globe, and is ideal for use in upper-level undergraduateand graduate courses.
Comparative Environmental Politics: Theory, Practice, and Prospects (American and Comparative Environmental Policy)
by Stacy D. VanDeveer edited by Paul F. SteinbergCombining the theoretical tools of comparative politics with the substantive concerns of environmental policy, experts explore responses to environmental problems across nations and political systemsHow do different societies respond politically to environmental problems around the globe? Answering this question requires systematic, cross-national comparisons of political institutions, regulatory styles, and state-society relations. The field of comparative environmental politics approaches this task by bringing the theoretical tools of comparative politics to bear on the substantive concerns of environmental policy. This book outlines a comparative environmental politics framework and applies it to concrete, real-world problems of politics and environmental management.After a comprehensive review of the literature exploring domestic environmental politics around the world, the book provides a sample of major currents within the field, showing how environmental politics intersects with such topics as the greening of the state, the rise of social movements and green parties, European Union expansion, corporate social responsibility, federalism, political instability, management of local commons, and policymaking under democratic and authoritarian regimes. It offers fresh insights into environmental problems ranging from climate change to water scarcity and the disappearance of tropical forests, and it examines actions by state and nonstate actors at levels from the local to the continental. The book will help scholars and policymakers make sense of how environmental issues and politics are connected around the globe, and is ideal for use in upper-level undergraduateand graduate courses.
Comparative Perspectives on Communal Lands and Individual Ownership: Sustainable Futures
by Lee GoddenComparative Perspectives on Communal Lands and Individual Ownership: Sustainable Futures addresses property and land title as central mechanisms governing access to communally-held land and resources. The collection assesses the effectiveness of property law and tenure models developed around concepts of individual ownership, for achieving long-term environmental and economic sustainability for indigenous peoples and local communities. It explores the momentum for change in the international realm, and then develops a comparative focus across Australia, North America, Africa, Peru, New Zealand and the Pacific region, examining the historical and current impacts of individuation of title on the customary law and practice of indigenous peoples and local communities. Themes of property, privatisation and sustainable communities are developed in theoretical analyses and case studies from these jurisdictions. The case studies throw into sharp relief how questions of land law and resources management should not be separated from wider issues about the long-term viability of communities. Comparative analysis allows consideration of how western models of land tenure and land title might better accommodate the exercise of traditional practices of indigenous peoples and local communities, while still promoting autonomy, choice and economic development. This volume will be of interest to scholars and professionals working in the fields of property law, land reform, policy and planning, indigenous law and customary law, environmental sustainability, development and resource management.
Comparative Perspectives on Environmental Policies and Issues (Routledge Research in Environmental Policy and Politics)
by Robert DibieComparative Perspectives on Environmental Policies and Issues presents tools and concepts about environmental policies in several developed and developing countries. It explores a broad survey of ecological modernization theory, ecological feminism theory, environmental justice theory, the concept of sustainability, and research on environmental policies. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and focus groups, and are used to analyze social, economic, and environmental impact on people. The book specifically discusses how the earth’s basic life-supporting capital (soils, forests, species, fresh water and oceans) is degraded or depleted to provide for human needs, and how air pollution and acid precipitation, are causing widespread injury to humans, forests, and crops. Realistically, over-taxing of natural resources and ecological systems throughout the world has promoted economic growth and created increasing opportunities for people while also advancing social injustice. The use of the environment to accomplish social and economic transformation raises fundamental issues for the study of environmental policy and the natural ecological system. As human beings exploit the natural environment to meet present needs, they often will destroy resources needed for the future generations. Thus, environmental policies are enacted to ensure that social and economic impacts of the environment are compatible with the limits of natural systems. Offering an intuitive and crystal-clear explanation of the key concepts and principles of environmental policies and sustainable development, this volume is suitable not only for environmental science students, but also for instructors, practitioners, researchers, and academics.
Comparative Plant Succession among Terrestrial Biomes of the World (Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation)
by Lawrence R. Walker Karel PrachDespite a century of study by ecologists, recovery following disturbances (succession) is not fully understood. This book provides the first global synthesis that compares plant succession in all major terrestrial biomes and after all major terrestrial disturbances. It asks critical questions such as: Does succession follow general patterns across biomes and disturbance types? Do factors that control succession differ from biome to biome? If common drivers exist, what are they? Are they abiotic or biotic, or both? The authors provide insights on broad, generalizable patterns that go beyond site-specific studies, and present discussions on factors such as varying temporal dynamics, latitudinal differences, human-caused vs. natural disturbances, and the role of invasive alien species. This book is a must-read for researchers and students in ecology, plant ecology, restoration ecology and conservation biology. It also provides a valuable framework to aid land managers attempting to manipulate successional recovery following increasingly intense and widespread human-made disturbances.
Comparative Renewables Policy: Political, Organizational and European Fields (Routledge Studies on the Governance of Sustainability in Europe)
by Jørgen Wettestad Elin Lerum Boasson Merethe Dotterud LeirenChallenging one-eyed technology-focused accounts of renewables policy, this book provides a ground-breaking, deep-diving and genre-crossing longitudinal study of policy development. The book develops a multi-field explanatory approach, capturing inter-relationships between actors often analyzed in isolation. It provides empirically rich and systematically conducted comparative case studies on the political dynamics of the ongoing energy transition in six European countries. While France, Germany, Poland and the United Kingdom opted for ‘technology-specific’ renewables support mixes, Norway and Sweden embarked on ‘technology-neutral’ support mixes. Differences between the two groups result from variations in domestic political and organizational fields, but developments over time in the European environment also spurred variation. These findings challenge more simplistic and static accounts of Europeanization. This volume will be of key interest to scholars and students of energy transitions, comparative climate politics, policy theory, Europeanization, European integration and comparative European politics more broadly, as well practitioners with an interest in renewable energy and climate transition. The Open Access version of this book, available at: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429198144, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Comparing Futures for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
by Jay R. Lund Ellen Hanak William E. Fleenor William A. Bennett Richard E. Howitt Jeffrey F. Mount Peter B. MoyleWritten by a team of independent water experts, this analysis of the latest data evaluates proposed solutions to the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta's myriad problems. The authors find the current policy unsustainable and suggest a suitable strategy.
Comparisons in Resource Management: Six Notable Programs in Other Countries and Their Possible U.S. Application (RFF Natural Resource Management Set)
by Henry JarrettOriginally presented as public lectures in the 1961 Resources for the Future Forum on Comparative Resources Policy and Administration. Originally published in 1961
Compartmental Distribution Of Radiotracers (CRC Press Revivals)
by Lelio G. Colombetti James S. RobertsonThe availability of isotopic varieties of the chemical elements has had a strong impact on many branches of science. For some procedures isotopic tracers make possible methods that are simply easier or more accurate or more convenient than other methods. More importantly, however, there are some processes, particularly those involving steady-state conditions, that before the advent of isotopic tracers were considered to be not accessible to investigation, but which can be studied with these tracers. In biological studies the radioactive tracers have been especially useful because external detection methods can be employed in noninvasive or minimally invasive studies.
Compass and Gyroscope: Integrating Science And Politics For The Environment
by Philip Shabecoff Kai N. LeeUsing the Columbia River Basin in the Pacific Northwest as a case study, Kai Lee describes the concept and practice of "adaptive management," as he examines the successes and failures of past and present management experiences. Throughout the book, the author delves deeply into the theoretical framework behind the real-world experience, exploring how theories of science, politics, and cognitive psychology can be integrated into environmental management plans to increase their effectiveness.
Compatible Solutes Engineering for Crop Plants Facing Climate Change
by Shabir Hussain Wani Manu Pratap Gangola Bharathi Raja RamadossPlants, being sessile and autotrophic in nature, must cope with challenging environmental aberrations and therefore have evolved various responsive or defensive mechanisms including stress sensing mechanisms, antioxidant system, signaling pathways, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, and other defensive pathways among which accumulation of osmolytes or osmo-protectants is an important phenomenon. Osmolytes with organic chemical nature termed as compatible solutes are highly soluble compounds with no net charge at physiological pH and nontoxic at higher concentrations to plant cells. Compatible solutes in plants involve compounds like proline, glycine betaine, polyamines, trehalose, raffinose family oligosaccharides, fructans, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and sugar alcohols playing structural, physiological, biochemical, and signaling roles during normal plant growth and development. The current and sustaining problems of climate change and increasing world population has challenged global food security. To feed more than 9 billion, the estimated population by 2050, the yield of major crops needs to be increased 1.1–1.3% per year, which is mainly restricted by the yield ceiling. A major factor limiting the crop yield is the changing global environmental conditions which includes drought, salinity and extreme temperatures and are responsible for a reduction of crop yield in almost all the crop plants. This condition may worsen with a decrease in agricultural land or the loss of potential crop yields by 70%. Therefore, it is a challenging task for agricultural scientists to develop tolerant/resistant varieties against abiotic stresses. The development of stress tolerant plant varieties through conventional breeding is very slow due to complex multigene traits. Engineering compatible solutes biosynthesis by deciphering the mechanism behind the abiotic tolerance or accumulation in plants cell is a potential emerging strategy to mitigate adverse effects of abiotic stresses and increase global crop production. However, detailed information on compatible solutes, including their sensing/signaling, biosynthesis, regulatory components, underlying biochemical mechanisms, crosstalk with other signaling pathways, and transgenic development have not been compiled into a single resource. Our book intends to fill this unmet need, with insight from recent advances in compatible solutes research on agriculturally important crop plants.
Compensating For Wetland Losses Under The Clean Water Act
by Committee on Mitigating Wetland LossesRecognizing the importance of wetland protection, the Bush administration in 1988 endorsed the goal of “no net loss” of wetlands. Specifically, it directed that filling of wetlands should be avoided, and minimized when it cannot be avoided. When filling is permitted, compensatory mitigation must be undertaken; that is, wetlands must be restored, created, enhanced, and, in exceptional cases, preserved, to replace the permitted loss of wetland area and function, such as water quality improvement within the watershed. After more than a dozen years, the national commitment to “no net loss” of wetlands has been evaluated. This new book explores the adequacy of science and technology for replacing wetland function and the effectiveness of the federal program of compensatory mitigation in accomplishing the nation’s goal of clean water. It examines the regulatory framework for permitting wetland filling and requiring mitigation, compares the mitigation institutions that are in use, and addresses the problems that agencies face in ensuring sustainability of mitigated wetlands over the long term. Gleaning lessons from the mixed results of mitigation efforts to date, the book offers 10 practical guidelines for establishing and monitoring mitigated wetlands. It also recommends that federal, state, and local agencies undertake specific institutional reforms. This book will be important to anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the “no net loss” issue: policy makers, regulators, environmental scientists, educators, and wetland advocates.
Compensating Landowners in the Vicinity of Airports: A Comparative Study of the Neighbour Conflict
by Magdalena HabdasThe purpose of this book is to consider the neighbour conflict arising between airports and neighbouring owners of land, particularly with residential uses, as well as to assess the existing solutions applied to manage or resolve that conflict. The book explains why the neighbour conflict between the airport and landowners is of a particular kind and what legal instruments are applied to resolve it in an attempt to balance the interests of opposing parties. Readers will develop an understanding of how the law operates when damage is caused by a legal act of the government and what the limits of compensable loss are. In addition, the reader will discover the economic foundations of possible solutions and why not all market losses are legally compensable. Key features of this book include: • a consideration of key legal concepts such as neighbour law, nuisance, protection of property, land use restrictions, liability, and compensation to inform a unique analysis of neighbour law in the context of conflict between airports and neighbouring landowners • practical guidance on an airport’s legal liability towards neighbouring landowners • a comparative analysis of airport’s liability, compensation claims, their scope and economic effects • a comparative overview of planning and environmental solutions applied in a variety of jurisdictions • discussion of valuation methods and challenges when loss of property value is the measure of compensation The author’s intention is to promote conscious and civil relations among market participants, as opposed to opportunistic and speculative behaviour. This book is important reading for lawyers, academics, PhD students, and postgraduate students dealing with land use regulations, environmental law, compulsory purchase, eminent domain and expropriation issues and compensation for property restrictions, as well as with aviation law and legal aspects of airport operations.
Compensation for Environmental Damage Under International Law (Routledge Research in International Environmental Law)
by Jason RudallInspired by recent litigation, this book identifies and critically appraises the manifold and varied approaches to calculating compensation for damage caused to the environment. It examines a wide range of practice on compensation – in general and specifically for environmental damage – from that of international courts and tribunals, as well as international commissions and regimes, to municipal approaches and other disciplines such as economics and philosophy. Compensation for Environmental Damage Under International Law synthesises these approaches with a view to identifying their blind spots, bringing clarity to an area where there exists broad discrepancy, and charting best practices that appropriately balance the manifold interests at stake. In particular, it is argued that best practice methodologies should ensure compensation serves to fully repair the environment, reflect the emerging ecosystems approach and any implications environmental damage may have for climate change, as well as take into account relevant equitable considerations. This book is essential reading for academics, practitioners and students working in the field of environmental law.
Competing Arctic Futures: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives (Palgrave Studies in the History of Science and Technology)
by Nina WormbsThis edited collection explores how narratives about the future of the Arctic have been produced historically up until the present day. The contemporary deterministic and monolithic narrative is shown to be only one of several possible ways forward. This book problematizes the dominant prediction that there will be increased shipping and resource extraction as the ice melts and shows how this seemingly inevitable future has consequences for the action that can be taken in the present. This collection looks to historical projections about the future of the Arctic, evaluating why some voices have been heard and championed, while others remain marginalised. It questions how these historical perspectives have shaped resource allocation and governance structures to understand the forces behind change in the Arctic region. Considering the history of individuals and institutions, their political and economic networks and their perceived power, the essays in this collection offer new perspectives on how the future of the Arctic has been produced and communicated.