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Self-Made Men: Widening Participation, Selfhood and First-in-Family Males
by Garth StahlThis book explores how boys from low-socioeconomic status backgrounds disengage from their education, and are resultantly severely underrepresented in post-compulsory education. For those who attend university, many will be first-in-their-family. As first-in-family students, they may encounter significant barriers which may limit their participation in university life and their acquisition of social and cultural capital. Drawing on a longitudinal study of young Australian men pursuing higher education, the book provides the first detailed account of socially mobile working-class masculinities. Investigating the experiences of these young men, this book analyses their acclimatisation to new learning environments as well as their changing subjectivities. The monograph draws on various sociological theories to analyse empirical data and make practical recommendations which will drive innovation in widening participation initiatives internationally. This book will be of interest to scholars interested in widening participation, transitions, social mobility and Critical Studies of Men and Masculinities.
Self-Organization as a New Paradigm in Evolutionary Biology: From Theory to Applied Cases in the Tree of Life (Evolutionary Biology – New Perspectives on Its Development #5)
by Anne Dambricourt MalasséThe epistemological synthesis of the various theories of evolution, since the first formulation in 1802 with the transmission of the inherited characters by J.B. Lamarck, shows the need for an alternative synthesis to that of Princeton (1947). This new synthesis integrates the scientific models of self-organization developed during the second half of the 20th century based on the laws of physics, thermodynamics, and mathematics with the emergent evolutionary problematics such as self-organized memory.This book shows, how self-organization is integrated in modern evolutionary biology. It is divided in two parts: The first part pays attention to the modern observations in paleontology and biology, which include major theoreticians of the self-organization (d’Arcy Thompson, Henri Bergson, René Thom, Ilya Prigogine). The second part presents different emergent evolutionary models including the sciences of complexity, the non-linear dynamical systems, fractals, attractors, epigenesis, systemics, and mesology with different examples of the sciences of complexity and self-organization as observed in the human lineage, from both internal (embryogenesis-morphogenesis) and external (mesology) viewpoints.
Self-Organized Criticality
by Henrik Jeldtoft JensenSelf-organized criticality (SOC) is based upon the idea that complex behavior can develop spontaneously in certain multi-body systems whose dynamics vary abruptly. This book is a clear and concise introduction to the field of self-organized criticality, and contains an overview of the main research results. The author begins with an examination of what is meant by SOC, and the systems in which it can occur. He then presents and analyzes computer models to describe a number of systems, and he explains the different mathematical formalisms developed to understand SOC. The final chapter assesses the impact of this field of study, and highlights some key areas of new research. The author assumes no previous knowledge of the field, and the book contains several exercises. It will be ideal as a textbook for graduate students taking physics, engineering, or mathematical biology courses in nonlinear science or complexity.
Self-Organizing Federalism: Collaborative Mechanisms to Mitigate Institutional Collective Action Dilemmas
by Richard C. Feiock John T. ScholzThis book investigates the self-organizing responses of governments and interests to the institutional collective action (ICA) dilemmas of particular concern to students of federalism, urban governance, and regional management of natural resources. ICA dilemmas arise in fragmented systems whenever decisions by one independent formal authority do not consider costs or benefits imposed on others. The ICA framework analyzes networks, joint projects, partnerships, and other mechanisms developed by affected parties to mitigate ICA decision externalities. These mechanisms play a widespread but little-understood role in federalist systems by reshaping incentives in order to encourage coordination/cooperation. The empirical studies of urban service delivery and regional integration of regional resource management address three questions: How does a given mechanism mitigate costs of uncoordinated decisions? What incentives do potential members have to create the mechanism? How do incentives induced by the mitigating mechanism affect its sustainability in a changing environment and its adaptability to other ICA dilemmas?
Self-Realization and Justice: A Liberal-Perfectionist Defense of the Right to Freedom from Employment (Routledge Studies in Contemporary Philosophy)
by Julia MaskivkerIn this book, Maskivker argues that there ought to be a right not to participate in the paid economy in a new way; not by appealing to notions of fairness to competing conceptions of the good, but rather to a contentious (but defensible) normative ideal, namely, self-realization. In so doing, she joins a venerable tradition in ethical thought, initiated by Aristotle and developed in the work of important eighteenth and nineteenth century thinkers including Smith, Hume, and Marx.The book engages on-going debates (in both philosophical and real world political and social policy circles) about the provision of basic income grants, necessary to make the possibility of self-realization real for all. Traditional defenses of unconditional welfare benefits emphasize ideals of state neutrality when they claim that society should not discriminate against preferences for leisure in favor of preferences for work. According to these views, the state ought not to interfere with people’s choices about what constitutes the "good life." In contradistinction, Maskivker offers an innovative argument in defense of a particular ideal of the "good life," namely, life-goals directed at the pursuit of self-realization. However, her understanding of self-realization appeals to modern and contemporary values of freedom and pluralism. In a refreshingly new light, the book strikes a balance between fascinating debates on the conditions of human flourishing on the one hand, and heated discussions about the Welfare State on the other.
Self-Realization through Confucian Learning: A Contemporary Reconstruction of Xunzi's Ethics (SUNY series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture)
by Siufu TangSelf-Realization through Confucian Learning reconstructs Confucian thinker Xunzi's moral philosophy in response to the modern focus on self-realization. Xunzi (born around 310 BCE) claims that human xing ("nature" or "native conditions") is without an ethical framework and has a tendency to dominate, leading to bad judgments and bad behavior. Confucian ritual propriety (li) is needed to transform these human native conditions. Through li, people become self-directing: in control of feelings and desires and in command of their own lives. Siufu Tang explicates Xunzi's understanding of the hierarchical structure of human agency to articulate why and how li is essential to self-realization. Ritual propriety also structures relationships to make a harmonious communal life possible. Tang's focus on self-realization highlights how Confucianism can address the individual as well as the communal and serve as a philosophy for contemporary times.
Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind: An Essay in Neo-Sellarsian Philosophy (Routledge Studies in Contemporary Philosophy)
by T. ParentThis volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.
Self-Reliance and Other Essays (Dover Thrift Editions)
by Ralph Waldo EmersonEssayist, poet, and philosopher, Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882) propounded a transcendental idealism emphasizing self-reliance, self-culture, and individual expression. The six essays and one address included in this volume, selected from Essays, First Series (1841) and Essays, Second Series (1844), offer a representative sampling of his views outlining that moral idealism as well as a hint of the later skepticism that colored his thought. In addition to the celebrated title essay, the others included here are "History," "Friendship," "The Over-Soul," "The Poet," and "Experience," plus the well-known and frequently read Harvard Divinity School Address.
Self-Reliance: The Wisdom of Ralph Waldo Emerson as Inspiration for Daily Living
by Richard WhelanA finely honed abridgement of Emerson's principal essays with an introduction that clarifies the essence of Emerson's ideas and establishes their relevance to our own troubled era. This is the first truly accessible edition of Emerson's work, revealing him to be one of America's wisest teachers.
Self-Seeking and the Pursuit of Justice (Routledge Revivals)
by David P. LevineFirst published in 1997, this volume delves into the most influential theories of economic justice, which ground themselves in utilitarian or related contractarian ideas about the self. These ideas take self-interest to be transparent and unproblematic. Favoured assumptions about the self also make scarcity the primary reality with which economic justice must deal. Much is lost in consideration of the justness of economic arrangements when we take the wants and interests of the self for granted in this way, and treat scarcity as a premise. In this book the author places the discussion of economic justice on a sounder foundation as regards the nature and ends of the self. The book begins with a discussion of the self as a structure, and proceeds to consider aspects of self-interest, public ends, economic welfare, needs and wants, the limits of the market, economic democracy, global inequality, and justice as the end of development.
Self-Studies in Urban Teacher Education: Preparing U.S. Teachers to Advance Equity and Social Justice (Self-Study of Teaching and Teacher Education Practices #25)
by Adrian D. MartinThis book critically explores pedagogical activities, policies, and coursework that teacher education programs can provide to more fully prepare teacher candidates and in-service educators for professional practice in urban schools. It illustrates how teacher educators from across the United States are supporting teacher candidates and in-service teachers to possess the knowledge, skills, and dispositions for equity-oriented instructional practices and advocacy for professional engagement in the urban context. Chapters share insider perspectives of urban teacher education on preparing teachers to teach in culturally, linguistically, and socio-economically diverse classrooms. They discuss teacher educators’ learning about their own practice in the preparation of teachers for city schools, preparing teacher candidates from rural and suburban contexts to teach in urban settings, and supervising practicing teachers in city classrooms. The volume also focuses on the interplay of cultural and linguistic parity between teacher educators and their preservice/in-service teacher students, implementing learning activities or coursework about teaching in urban schools, and enacting critical pedagogical practices. This book will be beneficial to teacher educators focused on teacher preparation for city classrooms and urban school districts, and researchers seeking to adopt self-study methodology in their own research endeavors.
Self-Surrender: Tamil Cats or Sanskrit Monkeys? (Routledge Hindu Studies Series)
by Srilata RamanFilling the most glaring gap in Shrivaishnava scholarship, this book deals with the history of interpretation of a theological concept of self-surrender-prapatti in late twelfth and thirteenth century religious texts of the Shrivaishnava community of South India. This original study shows that medieval sectarian formation in its theological dimension is a fluid and ambivalent enterprise, where conflict and differentiation are presaged on "sharing", whether of a common canon, saint or rituals or two languages (Tamil and Sanskrit), or of a "meta-social" arena such as the temple. Srilata Mueller, a member of the Shrivaishnava community, argues that the core ideas of prapatti in these religious texts reveal the description of a heterogeneous theological concept. Demonstrating that this concept is theologically moulded by the emergence of new literary genres, Mueller puts forward the idea that this original understanding of prapatti is a major contributory cause to the emergence of sectarian divisions among the Shrivaishnavas, which lead to the formation of two sub-sects, the Tenkalai and the Vatakalia, who stand respectively, for the "cat" and "monkey" theological positions. Making an important contribution to contemporary Indian and Hindu thinking on religion, this text provides a new intellectual history of medieval Indian religion. It will be of particular interest to scholars of Shrivaishnava and also Hindu and Indian religious studies.
Self-Tracking mit digitalen Artefakten: Zur pädagogischen Logik einer distribuierten soziotechnischen Praxis
by Franz KrämerSelf-Tracking – etwa mit Schrittzählern, Fitness-Apps oder CO2-Trackern – steht exemplarisch für die Messregime in modernen Gesellschaften und ihren Anspruch, Verhalten zu steuern. Die pädagogischen Dimensionen dieser Praktiken sind bislang kaum systematisch erforscht. Die Studie füllt diese Lücke: Sie zeigt, wie Self-Tracking mit Lernen, Bildung, Üben und Erwachsenenerziehung verflochten ist. Empirisch fundiert rekonstruiert sie Praxen und Erfahrungen von Selbstvermesser*innen und stellt sie in Relation zu den Designs von Self-Tracking-Artefakten. Durch die Verbindung von Praxisforschung mit präzisen wie kreativen Medienanalysen eröffnet sie einen neuen Zugang zur Erforschung pädagogisierter Lebensführung – und tritt zugleich monokausalen Transformationsnarrativen der Digitalisierung kritisch entgegen. Das Buch richtet sich an Forschende, die sich mit digitaler Transformation und qualitativen Forschungszugängen zu Praktiken mit digital-materiellen Artefakten auseinandersetzen. Angesprochen sind auch Personen aus Bildungspraxis, Bildungspolitik und dem EdTech-Umfeld, die an Forschung zu den Widersprüchen und Brüchen digitaler Alltagspraktiken interessiert sind.
Self-Transcendence and Virtue: Perspectives from Philosophy, Psychology, and Theology (Routledge Studies in Ethics and Moral Theory)
by Jennifer A. Frey Candace VoglerRecent research in the humanities and social sciences suggests that individuals who understand themselves as belonging to something greater than the self—a family, community, or religious or spiritual group—often feel happier, have a deeper sense of purpose or meaning in their lives, and have overall better life outcomes than those who do not. Some positive and personality psychologists have labeled this location of the self within a broader perspective "self-transcendence." This book presents and integrates new, interdisciplinary research into virtue, happiness, and the meaning of life by re-orienting these discussions around the concept of self-transcendence. The essays are organized around three broad themes connected to self-transcendence. First, they investigate how self-transcendence helps us to understand aspects of the moral life as it is studied within psychology, including the development of wisdom, the practice of moral praise, and psychological well-being. Second, they explore how self-transcendence is linked to virtue in different religious and spiritual traditions including Judaism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Finally, they ask how self-transcendence can help us theorize about Aristotelean and Thomist conceptions of virtue, like hope and piety, and how this helps us to re-conceptualize happiness and meaning in life.
Self-Trust and Reproductive Autonomy
by Carolyn McleodThe power of new medical technologies, the cultural authority of physicians, and the gendered power dynamics of many patient-physician relationships can all inhibit women's reproductive freedom.
Self-Understanding and Lifeworld: Basic Traits of a Phenomenological Hermeneutics (Studies in Continental Thought)
by Hans-Helmuth GanderWhat are the foundations of human self-understanding and the value of responsible philosophical questioning? Focusing on Heidegger's early work on facticity, historicity, and the phenomenological hermeneutics of factical-historical life, Hans-Helmuth Gander develops an idea of understanding that reflects our connection with the world and other, and thus invites deep consideration of phenomenology, hermeneutics, and deconstruction. He draws usefully on Husserl's phenomenology and provides grounds for exchange with Descartes, Dilthey, Nietzsche, Gadamer, Ricoeur, and Foucault. On the way to developing a contemporary hermeneutical philosophy, Gander clarifies the human relation to self in and through conversation with Heidegger's early hermeneutics. Questions about reading and writing then follow as these are the very actions that structure human self-understanding and world understanding.
Self-possession: Being at Home in Conscious Performance
by Mark D. MorelliThis book is a meditative exploration of our inescapable and fluid relationship to the fundamental ideals of Meaning, Objectivity, Knowledge, Truth, Reality, and Value upon which we depend to inform and guide our living. It is an attempt to describe the elusive interior experience of these basic notions at work in our conscious performance. It is inspired by the work of Bernard Lonergan, but it is not an account of his ideas. It is an independent exercise in taking possession of oneself as a seeker of meaning and value. “It is as if music and color is washing over the rather austere architecture of INSIGHT, allowing it to do its real work in the life of the reader.” TOM COSGROVE, PROF. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, U. OF LIMERICK “This book is remarkable in many ways: it is accessible and profound, humorous in a tongue-in-cheek kind of way and serious, very interesting to read in such a way that it is hard to put down, and very fundamental in confronting basic issues of human thinking and living ...” JAMES MARSH, PROFESSOR EMERITUS, PHILOSOPHY, FORDHAM U. "I could not recommend the book more highly. It is an important book." RICHARD LIDDY, SETON HALL U. "This is exactly what the doctor ordered. My thinking is that Catholic universities need to develop a core curriculum of philosophy courses that teach self-appropriation and also link self-appropriation to the skills for discerning the religious or mystical dimension of their own conscious experiences. [Self-Possession] does the former beautifully and provides a splendid intro into the second." Kenneth Melchin, Professor of Theology, St. Paul University. "Morelli's meditations are just the opposite of logic puzzles and trolley problems. [They] are existential lures into the philosophical act itself." Thomas Jeannot, Gonzaga University.
Self-studies in Rural Teacher Education
by Ann K. Schulte Bernadette Walker-GibbsThe purpose of this book is to highlight the work of teacher educators in the field of rural education. In this book, education faculty who work in teacher education study the ways in which one's identity impacts one's teaching and the partnerships with rural schools. Although the field of research on teacher preparation has an abundance of studies on preparing students for the challenges of urban settings, there is much less emphasis on rural education, despite the prevalence of rural schools. This book problematises notions of rural or rurality which is often considered via a deficit or a generalised model where a stereotype of one kind of rural is outlined. Developing more multi-faceted understandings of rurality is a key to attracting and retaining teachers who understand the complexities and opportunities of living and working in rural spaces.
Self-sufficiency of Law
by Mariano CroceThe book investigates the role of law and legal experts in the organisational dynamics of a population, demonstrating that law is a stable practice among those who (in virtue of the special knowledge they master) are called upon to select the 'normative facts' of a population, i.e. the interactional standards that are proclaimed as binding for the entire population by the publicly recognised legal experts (whose peremptory judgments can be only revised by peers). It proposes an integration of the recent research outcomes achieved in three different areas of study: legal positivism, legal institutionalism and legal pluralism and examines the notions of rule, coercion, institution, practice elaborated by significant theorists in the mentioned areas and illumine both their merits and flaws. Furthermore it advances a notion of law and a description of the legal field which are able to account for the nature of the legal filed as the cradle of the social order. new back cover copy: In an era characterized by a streaking global pluralism, the collapse of many state agencies, the emergence of multiple sources of law, and the rise of informal justice, the idea of a unitary and homogenous legal system seems old-fashioned. But philosophers, sociologists and anthropologists still hold many debates on the nature of law and its function, which is that law represents an institution that characterizes any orderly social context of human beings, and this book plunges into the center of those debates. Self-sufficiency of Law: A Critical-institutional Theory of Social Order investigates the role of law and legal experts in the organizational dynamics of a population. It demonstrates that law is a stable practice among those who are called upon to select the "normative facts" of a population, that is, the interactional standards that are proclaimed as binding for the entire population by the publicly recognized legal experts. To do this, the author proposes an integration of the recent research outcomes achieved in three different areas of study--legal positivism, legal institutionalism and legal pluralism. He examines the notions of rule, coercion, institution and practice elaborated on by significant theorists in these fields, highlighting both the merits and flaws and ultimately advancing a notion of law and a description of the legal field which are able to account for the nature of the legal field as the cradle of social order. This text covers key guidelines for empirical research and political activities in Western and non-Western countries.
Self-understanding in the Tractatus and Wittgenstein’s Architecture: From Adolf Loos to the Resolute Reading (History of Analytic Philosophy)
by Raimundo HenriquesBetween 1926 and 1928, the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein designed a house for his sister in Vienna (the Kundmanngasse). This book aims to clarify the relation between that house and Wittgenstein’s early philosophy. The starting point of its main argument is a remark from Diktat für Schlick (c. 1932-33) in which Wittgenstein proposes an analogy between ornaments and nonsensical sentences. The attempt to extract from it an account of the relation between the Kundmanngasse and the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) leads to the writings of Adolf Loos (whose influence Wittgenstein recognized). The discussion of Loos’s writings suggests that the analogy should be understood, not as one between actual ornaments and nonsensical sentences, but as one between Loos’s and Wittgenstein’s uses of these notions. So understood, it favors the (so-called) resolute reading of the Tractatus and reveals that both Wittgenstein’s use of ‘nonsense’ and Loos’s use of ‘ornaments’ are means to the end of promoting self‑understanding. The book concludes that both the Kundmanngasse and the Tractatus are results of Wittgenstein’s efforts at this kind of self‑understanding. These can be construed as ways of acknowledging our humanity, which in turn can be seen as a unifying element of Wittgenstein’s philosophy.
Self: Philosophy In Transit (Philosophy in Transit)
by Barry DaintonIn the third in a new series of short, provoking books of original philosophy, acclaimed thinker Barry Dainton takes us through the nature of SelfWhen you think 'What am I?', what's actually doing the thinking? Is it a soul, or some other kind of mental entity separate from your body, or are 'you' just a collection of nerve-endings and narratives? In the third in a new series of short, provoking books of original philosophy, acclaimed thinker Barry Dainton takes us through the nature of Self and its relation to the rest of reality. Starting his journey with Descartes' claim that we are non-physical beings (even if it seems otherwise), and Locke's view that a person is self-conscious matter (though not necessarily in human form), Dainton explores how today's rapid movement of people, and information affects our understanding of self. When technology re-configures our minds, will it remake us, or kill us? If teleportation becomes possible, would it be rational to use it? Could we achieve immortality by uploading ourselves into virtual worlds? Far-reaching and witty, Self is a spirited exploration of the idea that in a constantly-changing world, we and our bodies can go their separate ways.
Selfhood and Recognition: Melanesian and Western Accounts of Relationality (Person, Space and Memory in the Contemporary Pacific #7)
by Anita C. GaluschekThe disciplines of philosophy and cultural anthropology have one thing in common: human behavior. Yet surprisingly, dialogue between the two fields has remained largely silent until now. Selfhood and Recognition combines philosophical and cultural anthropological accounts of the perception of individual action, exploring the processes through which a person recognizes the self and the other. Touching on humanity as porous, fractal, dividual, and relational, the author sheds new light on the nature of selfhood, recognition, relationality, and human life.
Selfie: Poetry, Social Change & Ecological Connection
by James SherrySelfie: Poetry, Social Change & Ecological Connection presents the first general theory that links poetry in environmental thought to poetry as an environment. James Sherry accomplishes this task with a network model of connectivity that scales from the individual to social to environmental practices. Selfie demonstrates how parts of speech, metaphor, and syntax extend bidirectionally from the writer to the world and from the writer inward to identities that promote sustainable practices. Selfie shows how connections in the biosphere scale up from operating within the body, to social structures, to the networks that science has identified for all life. The book urges readers to construct plural identifications rather than essential claims of identity in support of environmental diversity.
Selfish Mind, Slavish Body: A Quest Into Self-Identity
by Laljee VermaEvery thought, sensation, observation, and emotion is mediated by the mind, and it underpins everything that constitutes the perceived reality. But despite an exponential growth in our understanding of the mind, accounting for its nature and implications remain elusive. Selfish Mind, Slavish Body is an enlightening odyssey that investigates the fundamental nature of mind, individuality, and the self. The book distils the wisdom from both, the Eastern and Western religions, teachings of great philosophers, and profound insights from contemporary science into a singular, comprehensive source. The strength of the book lies in its attempt to simplify and unite the diverse viewpoints and conceptions from various fields. Some of the key concepts addressed in the book include: • The religious, cultural, and environmental influences that shape our perception of the world and self-identity. • The relationship between the conscious mind and the physical brain. • The conjunction between mind and the material world. • The intricacies of consciousness, subconsciousness, and ego. To put it succinctly, Selfish Mind, Slavish Body is an ambitious and creative endeavour that provides a fresh perspective on the architecture of self to uncover and understand what really resides behind what we call &‘I&’.
Selfishness and Selflessness: New Approaches to Understanding Morality (WYSE Series in Social Anthropology #10)
by Linda L. LayneWe are said to be suffering a narcissism epidemic when the need for collective action seems more pressing than ever. Selfishness and selflessness address the ‘proper’ and ‘improper’ relationship between one’s self and others. The work they do during periods of social instability and cultural change is probed in this original, interdisciplinary collection. Contributions range from an examination of how these concepts animated the eighteenth-century anti-slavery campaigners to dissecting the way middle-class mothers’ experiences illustrate gendered struggles over how much and to whom one is morally obliged to give.