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Soziologisch denken mit Hans Blumenberg: Zwischen Begriff und Metapher (Philosophische Grundlagen der Soziologie)
by Catherine GotschyWenn die Soziologie sich als Wirklichkeitswissenschaft versteht, so setzt sie sich unweigerlich der grundlegenden Frage aus, was sie unter dem Begriff Wirklichkeit versteht und welche methodischen Zugänge sie zu ihr legt. Mit dem Philosophen Hans Blumenberg kann diesen Fragen mit besonderer Rücksicht darauf nachgegangen werden, welche Auswirkungen die je spezifischen Wirklichkeitsverständnisse der Wissenschaftler*innen auf ihre Forschungspraxis haben. Hierzu erschließt das Buch einerseits wichtige theoretische und methodologische Dimensionen der Metaphorologie Blumenbergs und rekonstruiert andererseits einige erkenntnistheoretische Prämissen und sozial-historischen Gründe. Darunter fällt insbesondere Blumenbergs Bestimmung des Verhältnisses von Logik und Ästhetik als gegenseitige Bedingung der Begriffsbildung, die auf Eindeutigkeit tendiert, und Metaphorik, die sich durch Mehrdeutigkeit auszeichnet. Hierzu lotet er die Funktionen dieser beiden zentralen Elemente einer intellektuellen Denkbewegung aus, über deren Nachvollzug erkennbar ist, inwiefern ein spezifischer Möglichkeitssinn systematisch in die Untersuchungen der soziologischen Wirklichkeitswissenschaft miteinbezogen werden kann. Zudem eröffnet sich ein Zugang zu einer kultursoziologisch interessierten Ideengeschichte der Soziologie selbst, die ihre Grundlagen auch auf die Interessen der Wissenschaftler*innen an ihren jeweiligen sozial-historischen Problemlagen befragt.
Soziologisch denken mit Jacques Derrida (Philosophische Grundlagen der Soziologie)
by Martin Eldracher Frank MeyhöferDas Buch geht systematisch der Frage nach, wie das Denken Jacques Derridas für die soziologische Theoriebildung und Gesellschaftskritik fruchtbar gemacht werden kann. Dabei versucht es ersichtlich zu machen, wie Identitäten und Normen auf ihr ausgeschlossenes Anderes hin geöffnet werden können. Es richtet sich an interessierte Leser*innen der Soziologie, indem einerseits Derridas philosophische Denkbewegungen zur Sprache gebracht und andererseits ein soziologischer Übersetzungsprozess vollführt wird. Auf welch vielfältige Weise lässt sich innerhalb der Soziologie und auch der politischen Theorie an die Dekonstruktion anschließen? Eine Hierarchiekritik und eine Offenlegung geschlechtlich markierter Machtverhältnisse werden dabei ebenso eine Rolle spielen, wie eine dekonstruktive Befragung sozialer Gründungsszenen und eine soziologische Perspektivierung von Erfindung, Gabe und Gastfreundschaft. Soziologisch denken mit Jacques Derrida umfasst nicht den Entwurf einer wasserdichten Theorie, sondern eine Sensibilisierung für die Instabilität und Spannungen der sozialen Welt.
Soziologisch denken mit Platon: Zwischen Philosophie und Politik (Philosophische Grundlagen der Soziologie)
by Peter GostmannWer nach den Grundlagen der Soziologie sucht, denkt üblicherweise nicht an Platon. Und wer sich grundlegend mit Platon beschäftigt, sucht üblicherweise nicht nach dessen Soziologie. Doch in beiden Fällen wird das Erkenntnispotenzial der Schriften des athenischen Akademielehrers nicht vollständig ausgeschöpft: Das Buch demonstriert, dass Platons Behandlung des Verhältnisses von Philosophie und Politik von einer soziologischen Konzeption getragen wird. Es entschlüsselt diese Konzeption vom Ausgangspunkt des sogenannten Siebten Briefs her, enthält einen systematischen Überblick des Ensembles sozialer Figuren, die Platon in seinen Dialogen auftreten lässt, und analysiert exemplarisch die soziale Dynamik im Hauptwerk Politeia. Auf diese Weise wird deutlich, dass die Lektüre Platons heutigen Soziologen helfen kann, die Grundlagen ihres Denkens besser zu verstehen, während umgekehrt soziologisches Denken allen Platon-Leser*innen ermöglicht, eine unbekannte Facette seiner Schriften zu entdecken.
Soziologisch denken mit Richard Rorty: Wider die repräsentationalistischen Prämissen der wissenssoziologischen Tradition (Philosophische Grundlagen der Soziologie)
by Fabian BeerObwohl die Kritik am repräsentationalistischen Bild vom Spiegel der Natur, sowie der darauf aufbauenden Disziplin der Erkenntnistheorie, ein wohlbekannter Topoi des 20. Jahrhunderts war, blieb die Soziologie eigentümlich unberührt von dieser Kritik. Womöglich erscheint sie nach der Lektüre bekannter Kritiken gar als paradigmatisches Beispiel, an dem sich eine spiegellose Auffassung von Wissen modeln könne. Folgt man jedoch dieser Fährte, so wird übersehen, dass auch die Verschiebung vom individuellen Bewusstsein hin zur sozialen Gruppe das zugrundeliegende Bild von Erkenntnis in zentralen Aspekten unberührt lassen kann. An dieser Stelle setzt das folgende Buch ein. Es denkt dabei insofern soziologisch mit Richard Rorty, als es dessen wohlbekannte Kritik am cartesisch-kantischen Bild von Erkenntnis auf die wissenssoziologische Tradition überträgt.
Soziologische Denkweisen aus Frankreich
by Heike DelitzDer Band bietet einen Überblick über die Geschichte und den aktuellen Stand der französischen sozial- und gesellschaftstheoretischen Perspektiven und Forschungsprogramme der Soziologie - dabei auch über die Disziplingrenzen hinausblickend, um soziologische Theorien jenseits des Faches einzubeziehen: namentlich solche, die sich selbst eher in der Philosophie (des Politischen) oder Anthropologie verorten würden. Es geht hier darum, möglichst das ganze Spektrum des französischen Denkens sichtbar zu machen - auch in dessen Zusammenhang, in den theoriegeschichtlichen Abhängigkeiten und Oppositionen.
Soziologische Handlungstheorie: Eine Einführung
by Bernhard MiebachIn diesem Lehrbuch werden die wichtigsten soziologischen Theorien dargestellt, die das soziale Handeln erklären. Neben den soziologischen Klassikern Mead, Schütz, Goffman, Garfinkel, Parsons und Homans werden auch die neueren Ansätze von Habermas, Berger und Luckmann, Elias, Luhmann, Coleman, Esser, Giddens, Bourdieu, Collins, Latour, Foucault, White und Castells dargestellt. Damit gibt das Buch einen Überblick über Systemtheorie, Interaktionismus, Interpretative Soziologie, Sozialkonstruktivismus, Rational Choice Theorie, Strukturationstheorie, Feld- und Habitustheorie, Akteur-Netzwerk Theorie, Diskurstheorie und Netzwerktheorie. Diese Modelle werden anhand anschaulicher Anwendungsbeispiele aus der Alltagswelt, Organisationen und der Digitalisierung durch das Internet erläutert und grafisch zusammengefasst. Darüberhinaus wird die Methodik zur Anwendung der jeweiligen Theorien auf empirische Fragestellungen in Interaktionen, in Organisationen und digitalen Medien vermittelt.
Sozioökonomie und Wirtschaftssoziologie im Spiegel sozialwissenschaftlicher Bildung
by Birgit Weber Tim Engartner Andrea SzukalaDieser Sammelband identifiziert die Schnittstellen der politischen, gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Domäne aus wirtschaftssoziologischer und fachdidaktischer Perspektive wie auch vor dem Hintergrund nationaler wie internationaler Forschungsansätze der sozialwissenschaftlichen Bildung. Dabei werden die Innovationspotenziale einer sozioökonomischen Perspektive an den Übergängen von Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik(wissenschaft) ausgearbeitet. U. a. werden diese in Beiträgen zu Theorieentwicklungen des Neopragmatismus sowie der an sie anschließenden Curriculum- und Partizipationsforschung diskutiert, welche jeweils Weiterentwicklungen des Feldes – insbesondere im Lichte der Neuformulierung eines sozio-ökonomischen Curriculums – in den Blick nimmt. Die auf Pluralität, Interdisziplinarität, Multiparadigmatizität und (kritische) Reflexion angelegte Festschrift für Reinhold Hedtke schlägt die Brücke zwischen den zentralen sozialwissenschaftlichen Bezugsdisziplinen Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Soziologie, Politikwissenschaft und Geographie sowie Geschichtswissenschaft, Philosophie und Erziehungswissenschaft.
Space and Everyday Lives of Children in Hong Kong: The Interwar Period (Global Histories of Education)
by Stella Meng WangDeploying a spatial approach towards children’s everyday life in interwar Hong Kong, this book considers the context-specific development of five transnational movements: the garden city movement; imperial hygiene movement; nationalist sentiments; the Young Women's Christian Association; and the Girl Guide. Locating these transnational cultural movements in four layers of context, from the most immediate to the most global, including the context of Hong Kong, Republican China, the British empire, and global influences, this book shows Hong Kong as a distinctive colonial domain where the imperatives around race, gender and class produced new products of empire where the child, the garden, the school and sport turned out to be the main dynamics in play in the interwar period.
Space and Society in the Greek and Roman Worlds
by Michael ScottWe cannot properly understand history without a full appreciation of the spaces through which its actors moved, whether in the home or in the public sphere, and the ways in which they thought about and represented the spaces of their worlds. In this book Michael Scott employs the full range of literary, epigraphic and archaeological evidence in order to demonstrate the many different ways in which spatial analysis can illuminate our understanding of Greek and Roman society and the ways in which these societies thought of, and interacted with, the spaces they occupied and created. Through a series of innovative case studies of texts, physical spaces and cultural constructs, ranging geographically across North Africa, Greece and Roman Italy, as well as an up-to-date introduction on spatial scholarship, this book provides an ideal starting point for students and non-specialists.
Space(s) of the Fantastic: A 21st Century Manifesto
by David Punter; C. Bruna ManciniThis book provides a series of new addresses to the enduring problem of how to categorize the Fantastic. The approach taken is through the lens of spatiality; the Fantastic gives us new worlds, although of course these are refractions of worlds already in being. In place of ‘real’ spaces (whatever they might be), the Fantastic gives us imaginary spaces, although within those spaces historical and cultural conflicts are played out, albeit in forms that stretch our understanding of everyday location, and our usual interpretations of cause and effect. Many authors are addressed here, from a variety of different geographical and national traditions, thus demonstrating how the Fantastic - as a mode, a genre, a way of thinking, imagining and writing - continually traverses borders and boundaries. We hope to move the ongoing debate about the Fantastic forward in a scholarly as well as an engaging way.
Space, Identity and Education: A Multi Scalar Framework
by Michael Donnelly Ceri BrownThis book details an innovative multi-scalar framework to examine the intersection of spatial levels in shaping social justice issues in education. Including an examination of key dimensions such as geographic divisions (between and within countries), school design, online learning, home-schooling, and student mobility, the framework is applied to analyse the interrelation between space, identity, and education. The authors reveal how this novel integration of scales is essential for a more comprehensive and probing understanding of educational inequalities. As an example of theoretical interdisciplinarity mobilised to tackle the urgent issues of our time, the twin dimensions of space and identity, discussed at multi-scalar levels, provides an invaluable theoretical resource for scholars and students of education, sociology and geography.
Space, Place, and Landscape in Ancient Greek Literature and Culture
by Nancy Worman Kate GilhulyThis book brings together a collection of original essays that engage with cultural geography and landscape studies to produce new ways of understanding place, space, and landscape in Greek literature from the fifth and fourth centuries BCE. The authors draw on an eclectic collection of contemporary approaches to bring the study of ancient Greek literature into dialogue with the burgeoning discussion of spatial theory in the humanities. The essays in this volume treat a variety of textual spaces, from the intimate to the expansive: the bedroom, ritual space, the law courts, theatrical space, the poetics of the city, and the landscape of war. And yet, all of the contributions are united by an interest in recuperating some of the many ways in which the ancient Greeks in the archaic and classical periods invested places with meaning and in how the representation of place links texts to social practices.
Space, Time and Perversion: Essays on the Politics of Bodies
by Elizabeth GroszExploring the fields of architecture, philosophy, and queer theory, Grosz shows how feminism and cultural analysis have conceptually stripped bodies of their specificity, their corporeality, and the vestigal traces of their production as bodies. She investigates the work of Michel Foucault, Teresa de Lauretis, Gilles Deleuze, Judith Butler and Alphonso Lingi, considering their work by examining the ways in which the functioning of bodies transforms understandings of space and time, knowledge and desire. Grosz moves toward a radical consideration of bodies and their relationship to transgression and perversity.
Space, Time and Ways of Seeing: The Performance Culture of Kutiyattam
by Mundoli NarayananThis volume explores the constitutive role played by space in the performance of Kutiyattam. The only surviving form of Sanskrit theatre, Kutiyattam is distinctive in terms of its performance conventions and its unique culture of extensive elaboration and interpretation. Drawing upon the concepts of phenomenology on the processes of perception, particularly on the works of Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, it analyses the role of space in the communicative structures of performance of Kutiyattam and its contribution to the production of meaning in theatre, especially in the context of contemporary theatre. The book explores the theatrical event as a phenomenon that comes into existence through a triangular relationship among the ‘ways of being’ of the performers, the ‘ways of seeing’ of the audience, and the space which brings them together. Based on this formulation, Kutiyattam is approached as a ‘theatre of elaboration,’ made possible by the ‘intimate,’ ‘proximal’ ways of seeing of the audience, in the particular theatrical space of the kūttampalaṃs, the temple theatres, where Kutiyattam has customarily been performed for more than five centuries. This volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of cultural studies, theatre and performance studies, cultural anthropology, phenomenology and South Asian studies.
Space, Time and the Ethical Foundations (Routledge Revivals)
by Robert Elliott AllinsonThis title was first published in 2002: In Space, Time and the Ethical Foundations ideas about space and time are developed, unique to the history of philosophy, that match the new physics. A well grounded metaphysics is presented which offers a safe haven between stifling scepticism and wild imagination, and an original philosophical method is demonstrated which sharply demarcates philosophy from the empirical sciences. A new foundation is laid for ethics by grounding ethics on the author's psycho-biological deduction of the emotions that offers a progressive model to replace the Freudian paradigm. An originally designed trans-cultural ethics, doubly grounded on both Eastern and Western thought, presents an antidote to the contemporary retreat into relativism. Insights from biology, psychology, evolutionary theory and ethics are brought together in a unique and fruitful synthesis. At the same time, human barbarisms such as the Holocaust are pointed to as reminders that there are just limits to compassion. This book presents a sophisticated text for metaphysics, epistemology and systematic ethics.
Space, Time, Justice: From Archaic Rituals to Contemporary Perspectives
by David MarraniThis book merges philosophical, psychoanalytical and legal perspectives to explore how spaces of justice are changing and the effect this has on the development of the administration of justice. There are as central themes: the idea of transgression as the starting point of the question of justice and its archaic anchor; the relation between spaces of justice and ritual(s); the question of use and abuse of transparency in contemporary courts; and the abolition of the judicial walls with the use of cameras in courts. It offers a comparative approach, looking at spaces of justice in both the civil and common law traditions. Presenting a theoretical and interdisciplinary study of spaces of justice, it will appeal to academics in the fields of law, criminology, sociology and architecture.
Space, Time, and Spacetime
by Lawrence SklarIn this book, Lawrence Sklar demonstrates the interdependence of science and philosophy by examining a number of crucial problems on the nature of space and time—problems that require for their resolution the resources of philosophy and of physics.The overall issues explored are our knowledge of the geometry of the world, the existence of spacetime as an entity over and above the material objects of the world, the relation between temporal order and causal order, and the problem of the direction of time. Without neglecting the most subtle philosophical points or the most advanced contributions of contemporary physics, the author has taken pains to make his explorations intelligible to the reader with no advanced training in physics, mathematics, or philosophy. The arguments are set forth step-by-step, beginning from first principles; and the philosophical discussions are supplemented in detail by nontechnical expositions of crucial features of physical theories.
Space, Time, and the Origins of Transcendental Idealism: Immanuel Kant’s Philosophy from 1747 to 1770
by Matthew RukgaberThis book provides an account of the unity of Immanuel Kant’s early metaphysics, including the moment he invents transcendental idealism. Matthew Rukgaber argues that a division between “two worlds”—the world of matter, force, and space on the one hand, and the world of metaphysical substances with inner states and principles preserved by God on the other—is what guides Kant’s thought. Until 1770 Kant consistently held a conception of space as a force-based material product of monads that are only virtually present in nature. As Rukgaber explains, transcendental idealism emerges as a constructivist metaphysics, a view in which space and time are real relations outside of the mind, but those relations are metaphysically dependent on the subject. The subject creates the simple “now” and “here,” thus introducing into the intrinsically indeterminate and infinitely divisible continua of nature a metric with transformation rules that make possible all individuation and measurement.
Space-Perception and the Philosophy of Science
by Patrick A. HeelanDrawing on the phenomenological tradition in the philosophy of science and philosophy of nature, Patrick Heelan concludes that perception is a cognitive, world-building act, and is therefore never absolute or finished.
Space-Time Foliation in Quantum Gravity
by Yuki SatoIn this thesis, the author considers quantum gravity to investigate the mysterious origin of our universe and its mechanisms. He and his collaborators have greatly improved the analyticity of two models: causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) and n-DBI gravity, with the space-time foliation which is one common factor shared by these two separate models. In the first part, the analytic method of coupling matters to CDT in 2-dimensional toy models is proposed to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the universe and to remove ambiguities remaining in CDT. As a result, the wave function of the 2-dimensional universe where matters are coupled is derived. The behavior of the wave function reveals that the Hausdorff dimension can be changed when the matter is non-unitary. In the second part, the n-DBI gravity model is considered. The author mainly investigates two effects driven by the space-time foliation: the appearance of a new conserved charge in black holes and an extra scalar mode of the graviton. The former implies a breakdown of the black-hole uniqueness theorem while the latter does not show any pathological behavior.
Spaces for the Future: A Companion to Philosophy of Technology
by Joseph C. Pitt Ashley ShewFocused on mapping out contemporary and future domains in philosophy of technology, this volume serves as an excellent, forward-looking resource in the field and in cognate areas of study. The 32 chapters, all of them appearing in print here for the first time, were written by both established scholars and fresh voices. They cover topics ranging from data discrimination and engineering design, to art and technology, space junk, and beyond. Spaces for the Future: A Companion to Philosophy of Technology is structured in six parts: (1) Ethical Space and Experience; (2) Political Space and Agency; (3) Virtual Space and Property; (4) Personal Space and Design; (5) Inner Space and Environment; and (6) Outer Space and Imagination. The organization maps out current and emerging spaces of activity in the field and anticipates the big issues that we soon will face.
Spaces of Dissension: Towards a New Perspective on Contradiction (Contradiction Studies)
by Julia Lossau Daniel Schmidt-Brücken Ingo H. WarnkeThis volume focusses on contradiction as a key concept in the Humanities and Social Sciences. By bringing together theoretical and empirical contributions from a broad disciplinary spectrum, the volume advances research in contradiction and on contradictory phenomena, laying the foundations for a new interdisciplinary field of research: Contradiction Studies. Dealing with linguistic phenomena, urban geographies, business economy, literary writing practices, theory of the social sciences, and language education, the contributions show that contradiction, rather than being a logical exemption in the Aristotelian sense, provides a valuable approach to many fields of socially, culturally, and historically relevant fields of research.
Spaces of Feeling: Affect and Awareness in Modernist Literature
by Marta FiglerowiczCan other people notice our affects more easily than we do? In Spaces of Feeling, Marta Figlerowicz examines modernist novels and poems that treat this possibility as electrifying, but also deeply disturbing. Their characters and lyric speakers are undone, Figlerowicz posits, by the realization that they depend on others to solve their inward affective conundrums—and that, to these other people, their feelings often do not seem mysterious at all.Spaces of Feeling features close readings of works by Virginia Woolf, James Baldwin, John Ashbery, Ralph Ellison, Marcel Proust, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sylvia Plath, and Wallace Stevens. Figlerowicz points out that these poets and novelists often place their protagonists in domestic spaces—such as bedrooms, living rooms, and basements—in which their cognitive dependence on other characters inhabiting these spaces becomes clear. Figlerowicz highlights the diversity of aesthetic and sociopolitical contexts in which these affective dependencies become central to these authors' representations of selfhood. By setting these novels and poems in conversation with the work of contemporary theorists, she illuminates pressing and unanswered questions about subjectivity.
Spaces of Mobility: Essays on the Planning, Ethics, Engineering and Religion of Human Motion
by Sigurd Bergmann Tore Sager Thomas A. HoffHuman mobility is dramatically on the rise; globalization and modern technology have increased transportation and migration. Frequent journeys over large distances cause huge energy consumption, severely impact local and global natural environments and raise spiritual and ethical questions about our place in the world. 'Spaces of Mobility' presents an analysis of the socio-political, environmental, and ethical aspects of mobility. The volume brings together essays that examine why and how modern modes of transport emerge, considering their effect on society. The religious significance of contemporary travel is outlined, namely its impact on pilgrimage, Christology and ethics. The essays examine the interaction between humans and their surroundings and question how increased mobility affects human identity and self-understanding. 'Spaces of Mobility' will be of interest to students and scholars seeking to understand the impact of mobility on modern culture and society, the ethics behind contemporary transport systems and the conditions of immigrants in a world of constant travel.
Spaces of Modern Theology
by Graham Ward Steven R. JungkeitAs stories of borders, territorial disputes, and migration have escalated in recent years, so too space has emerged as a critical concept in theoretical literature. This book explores the imagination of space at the dawn of modern, liberal theology in the writings of Friedrich Schleiermacher. Schleiermacher wrote against the backdrop of expanding European colonialism and nationalism, providing a powerful ethics of space for a rapidly shrinking planet. Selectively appropriated, Schleiermacher's spaces of modern theology can be a valuable contribution to contemporary attempts to theorize the importance of space and place in human geographies.