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From Hope to Horror: Diplomacy and the Making of the Rwanda Genocide
by Joyce E. LeaderAs deputy to the U.S. ambassador in Rwanda, Joyce E. Leader witnessed the tumultuous prelude to genocide—a period of political wrangling, human rights abuses, and many levels of ominous, ever-escalating violence. From Hope to Horror offers her insider&’s account of the nation&’s efforts to move toward democracy and peace and analyzes the challenges of conducting diplomacy in settings prone to—or engaged in—armed conflict. Leader traces the three-way struggle for control among Rwanda&’s ethnic and regional factions. Each sought to shape democratization and peacemaking to its own advantage. The United States, hoping to encourage a peaceful transition, midwifed negotiations toward an accord. The result: a revolutionary blueprint for political and military power-sharing among Rwanda&’s competing factions that met categorical rejection by the &“losers&” and a downward spiral into mass atrocities. Drawing on the Rwandan experience, Leader proposes ways diplomacy can more effectively avert the escalation of violence by identifying the unintended consequences of policies and emphasizing conflict prevention over crisis response. Compelling and expert, From Hope to Horror fills in the forgotten history of the diplomats who tried but failed to prevent a human rights catastrophe.
From Hot War to Cold
by Jeffrey G. BarlowThis book discusses the role of the U. S. Navy within the country's national security structure during the first decade of the Cold War from the perspective of the service's senior uniformed officer, the Chief of Naval Operations, and his staff. It examines a variety of important issues of the period, including the Army-Navy fight over unification that led to the creation of the National Security Act of 1947, the early postwar fighting in China between the Nationalists and the Communists, the formation of NATO, the outbreak of the Korean War, the decision of the Eisenhower Administration not to intervene in the Viet Minh troops' siege of the French garrison at Dien Bien Phu, and the initiation of the Eisenhower "New Look" defense policy. The author relies upon information obtained from a wide range of primary sources and personal interviews with important, senior Navy and Army officers. The result is a book that provides the reader with a new way of looking at these pivotal events.
From Human-Centered Design to Human-Centered Society: Creatively Balancing Business Innovation and Societal Exploitation
by William B. RouseA human-centered society creatively balances investments in sources of innovation, while also governing in a manner that eventually limits exploitation by originators once innovations have proven their value in the marketplace, broadly defined to include both private and public constituencies. The desired balance requires society to invest in constituencies to be able to create innovations that provide current and future collective benefits, while also assuring society provides laws, courts, police, and military to protect individual rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. The balance addresses collectivism vs. individualism. Collectivism emphasizes the importance of the community. Individualism, in contrast, is focused on the rights and concerns of each person. Unity and selflessness or altruism are valued traits in collectivist cultures; independence and personal identity are central in individualistic cultures. Collectivists can become so focused on collective benefits that they ignore sources and opportunities for innovation. Individualists can tend to invest themselves, almost irrationally, in ideas and visions, many of which will fail, but some will transform society. Collectivists need to let individualists exploit their successful ideas. Individualists need to eventually accept the need to provide collective benefits. This book addresses the inherent tension underlying the pursuit of this balance. It has played a central role in society at least since the Industrial Revolution (1760–1840). Thus, the story of this tension, how it regularly emerges, and how it is repeatedly resolved, for better or worse, is almost a couple of centuries old. Creating a human-centered society can be enabled by creatively enabling this balance. Explicitly recognizing the need for this balance is a key success factor. This book draws upon extensive experiences within the domains of transportation and defense, computing and communications, the Internet and social media, health and wellness, and energy and climate. Balancing innovation and exploitation takes varying forms in these different domains. Nevertheless, the underlying patterns and practices are sufficiently similar to enable important generalizations.
From Humanism to Hobbes: Studies in Rhetoric and Politics
by Quentin SkinnerThe aim of this collection is to illustrate the pervasive influence of humanist rhetoric on early-modern literature and philosophy. The first half of the book focuses on the classical rules of judicial rhetoric. One chapter considers the place of these rules in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, while two others concentrate on the technique of rhetorical redescription, pointing to its use in Machiavelli's The Prince as well as in several of Shakespeare's plays, notably Coriolanus. The second half of the book examines the humanist background to the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes. A major new essay discusses his typically humanist preoccupation with the visual presentation of his political ideas, while other chapters explore the rhetorical sources of his theory of persons and personation, thereby offering new insights into his views about citizenship, political representation, rights and obligations and the concept of the state.
From Ideas to Impact: A Playbook for Influencing and Implementing Change in a Divided World
by Michael SheldrickAccelerate your real-world, social impact by driving systemic policy changes As Co-Founder of Global Citizen—an international education and advocacy organization with the mission to end extreme poverty worldwide—Michael Sheldrick has worked with governments, businesses, foundations, the artist community, and everyday citizens to distribute over $40 billion around the world over the past decade. Now, in From Ideas to Impact: A Playbook for Influencing and Implementing Change in a Divided World, he delivers an inspiring and insightful discussion on how to implement social impact by driving policy change. This book reveals key characteristics of successful policy entrepreneurs - visionaries bridging the gap between promises and real-world outcomes. They are practical implementers who put impact first, resisting the urge to pursue the instant dopamine boost that comes from simply winning arguments at all costs. They are connectors and networkers who build diverse coalitions and broker win-win solutions to address our current implementation crisis. An indispensable guide for individual changemakers, philanthropists, corporate social responsibility (CSR) practitioners, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) professionals, policymakers, corporate foundations, and higher education students, From Ideas to Impact: A Playbook for Influencing and Implementing Change in a Divided World, features: An overview of pressing challenges to avoid, including an obsession with winning arguments at the expense of results, demands for unwavering tribal loyalty, and a counterproductive aversion to negotiation. An eight-step playbook offering tools to master policy entrepreneurship, foster cooperation, build bridges, and drive policy implementation beyond stagnation, conflict, and polarization. Diverse policy entrepreneurs and examples spanning historical movements like the Transatlantic Slave Trade and FDR’s New Deal to contemporary battles for climate justice, coal community transitions, and grassroots gender equality efforts. At its core, this uplifting book instills hope that change is achievable despite our divisions. It showcases how individuals at all levels pursue systemic policy change through united voices, cooperation, and solidarity. Sheldrick equips readers with the tools to craft impactful narratives that can inspire countless more success stories, reinforcing the idea that we are not prisoners of fate and that actual change begins with us.
From Identity-Based Conflict to Identity-Based Cooperation
by Jay RothmanThrough proper engagement, identity-based conflict enhances and develops identity as a vehicle to promote creative collaboration between individuals, the groups they constitute and the systems they forge. This handbook describes the specific model that has been developed as well as various approaches and applications to identity-conflict used throughout the world.
From Idolatry to Advertising: Visual Art and Contemporary Culture
by Susan G. JosephsonThe true measure of the practice of public service is its ability to remain faithful to the tenets of democratic society. This introductory text links the practice of public administration to the core concepts of American democracy. It covers the nuts and bolts of public administration in the context of "delivering democracy" in public service.
From Immigration Controls to Welfare Controls (The\state Of Welfare Ser.)
by Steve Cohen Beth Humphries Ed MynottThis edited collection addresses theoretical, political and practical aspects of the connection between external immigration controls and internal welfare controls. It considers the implications for the both those subject to controls and those drawn into the web of implementing internal welfare controls. Topics discussed include:* forced dispersal of asylum seekers* local authority and voluntary sector regulations* nationalism, racism, class and 'fairness'* strategies for resistance to controls* USA controls.The book provides support to those unwittingly drawn into administering controls, showing how the role of welfare workers as immigration control enforcers is not a sudden imposition but has exisited since the introduction of controls in 1905.From Immigration Controls to Welfare Controls will provide a valuable resource for all those professionals who come into contact with the issues surrounding immigration.
From Inclusion to Influence: Latino Representation in Congress and Latino Political Incorporation in America
by Walter Clark WilsonIn From Inclusion to Influence, Walter Wilson addresses urgent questions regarding the political incorporation of Latinos in America. First, he demonstrates that Latino representatives in the U.S. Congress do, in fact, represent Latino interests more effectively than do other representatives, both by serving as conduits connecting fellow Latinos to the government and by introducing their concerns into the legislative process. Then, moving beyond the debate about descriptive and substantive representation, Wilson identifies the ways in which the efforts of Latinos in Congress enable the meaningful inclusion of Latinos in politics, foster the ability of Latinos to shape public policy, and ultimately promote democracy in an increasingly diverse nation.
From Information to Intrigue: Studies in Secret Service Based on the Swedish Experience, 1939-1945 (Studies In Intelligence Ser.)
by C.G. McKayThis volume offers an account of some key activities of the Allied secret services and their German counterparts in Sweden during World War II. It also describes in some detail Swedish wartime legislation and Swedish organizations concerned with internal security and intelligence.
From Insurgency to Stability: Insights from Selected Case Studies
by Peter Chalk Angel Rabasa John Gordon Audra K. Grant K. Scott McmahonThis book examines six case studies of insurgencies from around the world to determine the key factors necessary for a successful transition from counterinsurgency to a more stable situation. The authors review the causes of each insurgency and the key players involved, and examine what the government did right--or wrong--to bring the insurgency to an end and to transition to greater stability.
From Insurgency to Stability: Key Capabilities and Practices
by Peter Chalk Angel Rabasa Christopher S. Chivvis John Gordon Audra K. GrantThis book identifies the procedures and capabilities that the U.S. Department of Defense, other agencies of the U.S. government, U.S. allies and partners, and international organizations require in order to support the transition from counterinsurgency, when the military takes primary responsibility for security and economic operations, to stability and reconstruction, when police and civilian government agencies take the lead.
From International Relations to Relations International: Postcolonial Essays (Postcolonial Politics)
by Phillip DarbyThis book brings postcolonial critique directly to bear on established ways of theorizing international relations. Its primary concern is with the non-European world and its relations with the North. In advancing an alternative conception of "relations international", the book draws on alternative source material and different forms of writing. It also features short stories, an interview and explores the role of poetics and performance. The suzerainty of the disciplinary writ is challenged on three primary grounds. Firstly on its Eurocentrism, which leads the discipline to pass lightly over the distinctive life experiences of most of the world’s people. Secondly, on the discipline’s failure to engage in any systematic way with other bodies of knowledge about the international, as for example international political economy, postcolonialism and development. Lastly, it confronts the ‘top down’ nature of the politics of the discipline, and that seldom addresses everyday life. From squatter towns to the evasions of the poor, from law through to literature, this work raises a number of problems for International relations. It challenges a colonial mindset, de-centres the west and opens the field to new approaches that are far more inter-disciplinary than international relations generally allows. It is a provocative contribution for students and scholars of IR and Postcolonial studies alike.
From International Relations to World Civilizations: The Contributions of Robert W. Cox (ISSN #1)
by Shannon BrincatThis volume explores the work of Robert W. Cox across International Relations, International Political Economy, and International Historical Sociology. Robert W. Cox has been a key figure in so-called critical approaches to world politics, contributing to the inter-paradigm debate in IR, pioneering the Gramscian approach to IPE, developing key insights into international institutions, and the changing nature of capitalism and the state. His more recent work on intercivilizational encounters and intersubjectivity has been no less influential. This comprehensive collection provides an entry-point into Cox’s work across these themes of history, theory, political economy, and civilizations, offering a way for researchers and students to engage with Robert W. Cox’s rich legacy and deploy the many insights of his thought into contemporary scholarship.This book will be of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as academics working within world politics. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal Globalizations.
From Jicama to Jackfruit: The Global Political Economy of Food
by Kimberly A. WeirWhat did you have for breakfast? Did you ever stop to think about the people and steps involved with how your banana or cereal got on your plate? Nearly everyone is a part of the global food system, yet few people are aware of how it operates. Kimberly A. Weir starts by evaluating how we are connected with spice farmers, cocoa bean growers, soybean producers, tomato pickers, and tuna fishers not only gives insight into where we fit in the global food chain, but also offers a unique way to understand the aspects and concepts of the global political economy. The book begins by figuring out where readers fit in the global food chain, looking at what affects eating habits and choices, and situating these factors in a global context. From Jicama to Jackfruit provides that insight in abundance.
From Kyoto to the Town Hall: Making International and National Climate Policy Work at the Local Level
by Lennart J. Lundqvist Anders BielInternational agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol, EU regulation and country-specific national climate policies offer some hope of addressing climate change. But all too often implementation of these high level objectives is derailed at the sub-national, local and - perhaps most important - individual level, by a variety of structural, policy and perceived barriers that result in a failure of effective action. Drawing on original research from Sweden, a world leader in effective environmental solutions, this volume examines the difficulties of aligning climate policy from international to national and sub-national levels. The authors address the full range of barriers and complexities, including governance structures, the relationship between 'experts' and the public, political feasibility, tax measures, perceptions of 'fairness' and self-interest, and the importance of environmental values. Also covered are the roles and perceptions of organizations and professions, the place of carbon-free technologies (such as wind power), the relationship between national and EU regulations, and the monumental challenge of governing the climate in a bordered and divided world. This volume is a vital source of information for all those seeking to create effective, coordinated responses to the challenge of climate change.
From Label to Table: Regulating Food in America in the Information Age (California Studies in Food and Culture #82)
by Xaq FrohlichHow did the Nutrition Facts label come to appear on millions of everyday American household food products? As Xaq Frohlich reveals, this legal, scientific, and seemingly innocuous strip of information can be a prism through which to view the high-stakes political battles and development of scientific ideas that have shaped the realms of American health, nutrition, and public communication. By tracing policy debates at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Frohlich describes the emergence of our present information age in food and diet markets and examines how powerful government offices inform the public about what they consume. From Label to Table explores evolving popular ideas about food, diet, and responsibility for health that have influenced what goes on the Nutrition Facts label—and who gets to decide that.
From Legacy Media to Going Viral: Generational Media Use and Citizen Engagement (Routledge Studies in Media, Communication, and Politics)
by Robert H. Wicks Jan LeBlanc Wicks Shauna A. MorimotoFrom Legacy Media to Going Viral: Generational Media Use and Citizen Engagement examines how the prominent media available shapes each rising generation of citizens. The authors discuss how global and national events along with the media each generational group most frequently accessed defined these groups.Drawing on interdisciplinary social science insights into social media and civic and political engagement, the book contextualizes the civic and political rise of the Millennials and Gen Z with comparative insights from Gen X and the Baby Boomers. With a focus on emergent patterns of American citizenship, the authors examine issues such as a decline in social trust, new and sustained patterns of civic and political engagement and the continuing importance of political consumerism. Looking beyond the impact of media on youth and issues of civic and political generational change, this book explores how the media accessible to each American generation contributes to that generation’s collective experience, thus solidifying their civic and political attitudes.The book will be of interest to students and scholars concerned with civic and political engagement, political consumerism and media use, in the areas of media studies, advertising, communication, journalism, political science and sociology.
From Legislation to Legitimation: The Role of the Portuguese Parliament (Library of Legislative Studies)
by Cristina Leston-BandeiraThis book is unique as the only book on the Portuguese parliament in English. The Portuguese parliament is a valuable case study to understand the different stages of development of a newly democratic parliament. From Legislation to Legitimation shows that, as democracy developed, the role of the Portuguese parliament changed considerably. Whereas in the first years of democracy the Assembleia da Republica was centred on its legislative role, during the second decade its legitimation role expanded, making scrutiny parliament's main function.
From Lenin to Malenkov: The History of World Communism
by Hugh Seton-WatsonThis comparative analysis of various communist movements across the globe from eminent British historian and political scientist, Hugh Seton-Watson, delves deeply into the social and political states of countries where communists attempted to seize—and successfully seized—power. The author of many of the mid-20th century’s standard works on Russian and Eastern European history, Seton-Watson’s 1953 study carefully follows the sequence of communist revolution: from the Marxist-Leninist seizure of power in Russia during WWI and its consolidation under Lenin; the rise and horrors of Stalinism in the late 20s, 30s and 40s; the birth of the Comintern and popular front in the inter-war period; the communist inspired/directed resistance movements of the war years; through to the Stalinisation of Eastern Europe in the wake of WWII; the rise and triumph of Mao in China; communist triumphs in Korea and Southeast Asia; and the role of Marxist-Leninist and Stalinist thought in the nationalist/anti-colonialist movements in Africa, Asia and Latin America in the early-mid-20th century.An unmissable addition to your collection!“Both the subject and the literature of communism are vast. Communism is a theory, which professes to explain philosophy, religion, history, economics and society. Communism is a vocation, whose devotees accept its discipline in every part of their private and professional lives. Communism is a science of conspiracy, a technique of wrecking and subversion. Communism is a revolutionary movement, a political force which operates in a social environment, which recruits its members from various classes of society, and marshals its armies against various political opponents.”—Hugh Seton-Watson, Introduction
From Leninism To Freedom: The Challenges Of Democratization
by Margaret Latus NugentThis book stimulates inquiry into questions about how to facilitate and consolidate transitions from Leninism to market-oriented democracies. It allows readers to appreciate the diversity of opinion that exists on such questions as the causes for what happened and the prospects for the future.
From Lexington to Desert Storm: War and Politics in the American Experience
by Donald M Snow Dennis M. DrewFirst Published in 2015. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an Informa company.
From Local Action to Global Networks: Housing The Urban Poor (Global Urban Studies)
by Peter Herrle Astrid LeyOver the past two decades it has become widely recognized that housing issues have to be placed in a broader framework acknowledging that civil society in the form of Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and their allies are increasingly networking and emerging as strong players that cannot easily be overlooked. Some of these networks have crossed local and national boundaries and have jumped political scales. This implies that housing issues have to be looked at from new angles: they can no longer simply be addressed through localized projects, but rather at multiple scales. The current debate is largely limited to statements about the relevance of individual organizations for local housing processes and tends to overlook the innovativeness in terms of re-scaling those processes and of influencing institutional change at various levels by transcending national boundaries. There is a significant lack of a systemic understanding of such globally operating grassroots networks and how they function in the housing process. This book brings together different perspectives on multi-scalar approaches within the housing field and on grassroots’ engagement with formal agencies including local government, higher levels of government and international agencies. By moving away from romanticizing local self-initiatives, it focuses on understanding the emerging potential once local initiatives are interlinked and scaled-up to transnational networks.
From Luby's To The Legislature: One Woman's Fight Against Gun Control
by Suzanna Gratia HuppOn October 16, 1991, Suzanna Gratia Hupp witnessed the tragic shooting of 23 people at Luby's Cafeteria in Killeen, Texas, among them her parents. Ironically she had decided against carrying a small revolver--that could have dramatically changed the day's events--in her purse that day out of a fear of losing her chiropractor's license if caught possessing a weapon. In this autobiography, she chronicles her evolution from a small-town chiropractor into a national icon for the right to armed self-defense. Her transformation into a high-profile, gun-rights activist began when her impassioned calls for the right of citizens to carry guns for self-protection thrust her into the middle of the gun-control debate. She repeatedly testified under oath against the ineffectiveness of gun-control laws that, in her opinion, disarmed law-abiding citizens, making them potential victims of criminals who did not obey the law. This position on gun legislation paved the way for a decade-long tenure as a member of the Texas House of Representatives, where, in addition to championing Second Amendment and privacy rights, she served as a member of the House Rural and Veterans and Military Affairs Caucuses, Chair of the House Select Committee on Child Welfare and Foster Care, and Chair of the Human Services Committee.
From Lynch Mobs to the Killing State: Race and the Death Penalty in America (The Charles Hamilton Houston Institute Series on Race and Justice #6)
by Charles J. Ogletree, Jr., and Austin SaratSituates the linkage between race and the death penalty in the history of the U.S.Since 1976, over forty percent of prisoners executed in American jails have been African American or Hispanic. This trend shows little evidence of diminishing, and follows a larger pattern of the violent criminalization of African American populations that has marked the country's history of punishment.In a bold attempt to tackle the looming question of how and why the connection between race and the death penalty has been so strong throughout American history, Ogletree and Sarat headline an interdisciplinary cast of experts in reflecting on this disturbing issue. Insightful original essays approach the topic from legal, historical, cultural, and social science perspectives to show the ways that the death penalty is racialized, the places in the death penalty process where race makes a difference, and the ways that meanings of race in the United States are constructed in and through our practices of capital punishment.From Lynch Mobs to the Killing State not only uncovers the ways that race influences capital punishment, but also attempts to situate the linkage between race and the death penalty in the history of this country, in particular the history of lynching. In its probing examination of how and why the connection between race and the death penalty has been so strong throughout American history, this book forces us to consider how the death penalty gives meaning to race as well as why the racialization of the death penalty is uniquely American.