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Globalization and Growth Implications for a Post-crisis World
by Michael Spence Danny Leipziger*What were the causes of the financial and economic crises of 2008-2009? *What intellectual and policy mistakes prevented academics and policymakers from anticipating the crisis? *What is the future of financial regulation-both domestic and international? *What role did global macroeconomic imbalances play in the run-up to the crisis? *What is the future of the export-led growth model and what are the implications for developing countries? *To what extent will government remain involved in the economy as a result of the crisis? *What is state of infrastructure policy and the outlook for growth-promoting infrastructure spending? *What is the appropriate role of countercyclical fiscal policy in stimulating growth? *What are the long term challenges to growth? *How will climate change dynamics affect developing country growth in the future? *How will evolving demographic trends affect labor markets and what are possible policy steps to mitigate projected declines in economic growth? This book has been prepared for the Commission on Growth and Development to evaluate the prospects for economic growth in developing countries in the wake of the world financial and economic crises of 2008-2009. It considers a range of questions, particularly with regard to the future of globalization and the policy implications of the crisis. It considers the important issues pertaining to short-term, medium-term, and long-term growth and puts forward the latest policy ideas for fostering sustained economic growth in the developing world. Written by prominent academics, policymakers, and practitioners, the contributions to 'Globalization and Growth' seeks to create a better understanding of the evolving dynamic of globalization and economic growth, with particular regard to developing countries, and to inform policy makers of possible policy levers to address central concerns in this area.
Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy
by Jeffrey G. Williamson Kevin H. O'RourkeIn Globalization and History, Kevin O'Rourke and Jeffrey Williamson present a coherent picture of trade, migration, and international capital flows in the Atlantic economy in the century prior to 1914.
Globalization and Human Rights
by Jesús Ballesteros Encarnación Fernández Ruiz-Gálvez Pedro TalaveraGlobalisation turns out to be untenable because it does not guarantee minimum social equity, peace and respect for the environment, and therefore does not guarantee the effective accomplishment of human rights. This book analyzes this issue and raises proposals for a new perspective. The first part describes the soft threats to human rights, derived from the devaluation of the politics and the productive economy with regard to the finance. It entails the concealment of the reality in the shape of exploitation as the tax havens and in the shape of marginalization of the persons with different abilities. The second part include a study of hard threats to human rights and examines two cases of failed states: Afghanistan and Somalia, in which the violence has supplanted the politics and the economy. In view of these situations it is necessary to rethink the force of classic ius gentium and the humanitarian right. The third part presents the European Union as a legal and political space in which conditions of a worthy life are better defended by means of the Primacy of Practical Reason and Social State of Law, and by the requirement of peace as the main rule of international relations.
Globalization and Human Rights in the Developing World
by Derrick M. Nault Shawn L. EnglandFocusing on world regions where human rights abuses are the most serious, extensive and sustained; this book fills a crucial gap in our knowledge of the difficulties and promise of promoting human rights in our global age.
Globalization and Identity: Cultural Diversity, Religion, and Citizenship
by Majid Tehranian B. Jeannie LumIn the first decade of the twenty-first century, globalization and identity have emerged as the most critical challenges to world peace. This volume of Peace & Policy addresses the overarching question, "What are the effects of globalization in the areas of culture, ethnic diversity, religion, and citizenship, and how does terrorism help groups attain a sense of global identity?"Part I, "Citizenship in a Globalizing World," reexamines globalization in light of the traditions from which human civilizations have evolved. Linda Groff focuses on Samuel R. Huntington's thesis that the Cold War would be followed by a clash of civilizations. Joseph A. Camilleri traces the history of the concept of citizenship and its transformation through the ages to modern times. Kamran Mofid argues that the marketplace is not just an economic sphere but one where economic and business interests must embrace the spiritual assets of the community. Majid Tehranian raises the problem of identity and advocates the assumption of global identity, responsibility, and citizenship. Part II, "Convergence in Global Cultures," explores the complex issues of diversity in religions. Christopher Leeds, Vladimir Korobov, and Bharapt Gupt show how the reconceptualization of the world both geographically and regionally can recreate new sensibilities needed to overcome differences. Part III, "Divergence in Global Conflicts," discusses the multiple dimensions of the globalizing effects of economic expansion and political strife experienced by different cultures at local and regional levels. Audrey Kitigawa and Ade Ogunrinade use Nigeria as an example of political manipulation of religious and ethnic groups to divert attention from the real problems of social and economic marginalization. Fred Riggs looks at how the Web has become a medium in the globalization of religious movements.The authors maintain that continuing efforts for dialogue across cultural and religious boundaries in today's
Globalization and Inequalities: Complexity and Contested Modernities
by Sylvia WalbyHow has globalization changed social inequality? Why do Americans die younger than Europeans, despite larger incomes? Is there an alternative to neoliberalism? Who are the champions of social democracy? Why are some countries more violent than others? In this groundbreaking book, Sylvia Walby examines the many changing forms of social inequality and their intersectionalities at both country and global levels. She shows how the contest between different modernities and conceptions of progress shape the present and future. The book re-thinks the nature of economy, polity, civil society and violence. It places globalization and inequalities at the centre of an innovative new understanding of modernity and progress and demonstrates the power of these theoretical reformulations in practice, drawing on global data and in-depth analysis of the US and EU. Walby analyses the tensions between the different forces that are shaping global futures. She examines the regulation and deregulation of employment and welfare; domestic and public gender regimes; secular and religious polities; path dependent trajectories and global political waves; and global inequalities and human rights.
Globalization and Inequality
by Elhanan HelpmanGlobalization is not the primary cause of rising inequality. That is the conclusion of this penetrating study by Elhanan Helpman, a leading expert on international trade. If we wish to curb inequality while protecting what is best about globalization, he shows, we must start with a clear view of how globalization does, and does not, shape our world.
Globalization and Inequality in Advanced Economies: Trade, Tax Base Mobility, and Policy Implications (Economic Studies in Inequality, Social Exclusion and Well-Being)
by Joël HellierThis volume surveys and combines the different dimensions of globalization so as to propose a general diagnosis of the way they interact to explain growing inequality in advanced economies. The extant economic literature has widely analyzed (i) the impact on inequality of trade between advanced and emerging countries (North-South Trade), particularly offshoring, (ii) the impact of tax base mobility on tax competition and (iii) the globalization-driven constraints on social policies and labor market institutions. Those three strands of analysis and the related literature have been reviewed in a number of surveys but have not been combined to provide an extensive study of the impact of their interactions on inequality. This volume fills that gap. Providing a general diagnosis of the globalization-inequality nexus within advanced economies and opening new avenues for research and potential reforms, this book will be of interest to researchers and students of economics and the social sciences.
Globalization and Inequality in Emerging Societies
by Boike RehbeinThis volume studies the relation between globalization and inequalities in emerging societies by linking Area and Global Studies, aiming at a new theory of inequality beyond the nation state and beyond Eurocentrism.
Globalization and Institutional Adjustment: Federalism as an Obstacle?
by Axel H�lsemeyerCombining the disciplines of international political economy, public sector economics and comparative politics, this stimulating book debates whether federalism obstructs institutional adjustment under conditions of a globalized economy, or whether this depends upon the extent to which a given political system is centralized. Axel Hülsemeyer analyzes the ratification of the Single European Act and the Maastricht Treaty, and contrasts these with the implementation of the bilateral free trade agreement between the United States and Canada as well as the NAFTA. Preferential trade agreements themselves are conceptualized as the state response to economic globalization.
Globalization and Intellectual Property (The International Library of Essays on Globalization and Law)
by Alexandra GeorgeIntellectual property laws have become intricately entwined with discussions about globalization. This volume deals with the politics, economics and effects of global intellectual propertization. It provides essays covering key issues including the international relations of global intellectual propertization, the TRIPS Agreement and the tying of intellectual property issues to international trade negotiations, contentions that global intellectual propertization is a form of post-colonial neo-imperialism, globalization's effects on intellectual property law's classic doctrines and rationales and the cultural effects of global intellectual propertization.
Globalization and International Investment (The International Library of Essays on Globalization and Law)
by Fiona BeveridgeThis volume brings together a broad range of articles on international law and foreign investment which together provide a contemporary overview of the diverse range of issues and perspectives which continue to exercise policy-makers and scholars alike. Central to this collection is the tension between market-oriented reforms on the one hand, raising issues of market access and protection of investors, and corporate social responsibility discourses on the other, raising concerns about environmental protection and respect for human and labour rights. Regional perspectives on these issues reveal differing priorities and approaches.
Globalization and International Organizations (The International Library of Essays on Globalization and Law)
by Edward KwakwaThe last few years have witnessed several significant developments in respect of international organizations, most of which are best encapsulated in the word "change". In particular, international organizations have moved from their traditional role of facilitator of the activities of their members, to that of director of their own activities. As a result, there is increased scrutiny over issues relating to the governance, control, accountability and the privileges and immunities of international organizations. These subjects are all the focus of this book. Edward Kwakwa has collected together the best published work by leading authorities in the field on subjects of crucial importance and relevance to international organizations, particularly in the context of today's ever-increasing globalization. This book is of interest to scholars and students of law, as well as government and non-government practitioners and international civil servants.
Globalization and Its Discontents
by Joseph E. StilgitzWhen it was first published, this national bestseller quickly became a touchstone in the globalization debate. Renowned economist and Nobel Prize winner Joseph E. Stiglitz had a ringside seat for most of the major economic events of the last decade, including stints as chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers and chief economist at the World Bank. Particularly concerned with the plight of the developing nations, he became increasingly disillusioned as he saw the International Monetary Fund and other major institutions put the interests of Wall Street and the financial community ahead of the poorer nations. Those seeking to understand why globalization has engendered the hostility of protesters in Seattle and Genoa will find the reasons here. While this book includes no simple formula on how to make globalization work, Stiglitz provides a reform agenda that will provoke debate for years to come. Rarely do we get such an insider's analysis of the major institutions of globalization as in this penetrating book. A new foreword for this edition.
Globalization and Its Enemies
by Daniel CohenThe enemies of globalization--whether they denounce the exploitation of poor countries by rich ones or the imposition of Western values on traditional cultures--see the new world economy as forcing a system on people who do not want it. But the truth of the matter, writes Daniel Cohen in this provocative book, may be the reverse. Globalization, thanks to the speed of twenty-first-century communications, shows people a world of material prosperity that they dowant--a vivid world of promises that have yet to be fulfilled. For the most impoverished developing nations, globalization remains only an elusive image, a fleeting mirage. Never before, Cohen says, have the means of communication--the media--created such a global consciousness, and never have economic forces lagged so far behind expectations. For the poorest countries of the world, writes Cohen, the problem is not so much that they are exploited by globalization as that they are forgotten and excluded.
Globalization and Its Enemies
by Daniel CohenA provocative argument that the frustrations of globalization stem from the gap between the expectations created and the lagging economic reality in poor countries.The enemies of globalization—whether they denounce the exploitation of poor countries by rich ones or the imposition of Western values on traditional cultures—see the new world economy as forcing a system on people who do not want it. But the truth of the matter, writes Daniel Cohen in this provocative account, may be the reverse. Globalization, thanks to the speed of twenty-first-century communications, shows people a world of material prosperity that they do want—a vivid world of promises that have yet to be fulfilled. For the most impoverished developing nations, globalization remains only an elusive image, a fleeting mirage. Never before, Cohen says, have the means of communication—the media—created such a global consciousness, and never have economic forces lagged so far behind expectations. Today's globalization, Cohen argues, is the third act in a history that began with the Spanish Conquistadors in the sixteenth century and continued with Great Britain's nineteenth-century empire of free trade. In the nineteenth century, as in the twenty-first, a revolution in transportation and communication did not promote widespread wealth but favored polarization. India, a part of the British empire, was just as poor in 1913 as it was in 1820. Will today's information economy do better in disseminating wealth than the telegraph did two centuries ago? Presumably yes, if one gauges the outcome from China's perspective; surely not, if Africa's experience is a guide. At any rate, poor countries require much effort and investment to become players in the global game. The view that technologies and world trade bring wealth by themselves is no more true today than it was two centuries ago. We should not, Cohen writes, consider globalization as an accomplished fact. It is because of what has yet to happen—the unfulfilled promises of prosperity—that globalization has so many enemies in the contemporary world. For the poorest countries of the world, the problem is not so much that they are exploited by globalization as that they are forgotten and excluded.
Globalization and Japanese Exceptionalism in Education: Insiders' Views into a Changing System (Routledge Research in International and Comparative Education)
by Ryoko TsuneyoshiGlobalization is the most common overriding characteristic of our time, with societies all over the world struggling to change their educational systems to meet what are perceived to be the needs of globalization. This book provides an insider's account of how the Japanese educational system is trying to meet that challenge while placing the developments in a larger international context. Distinguishing itself from other books in the same genre, this volume (1) brings in the diversity of insiders‘ reactions concerning globalization reform in education, while placing such actions in the larger international context, and (2) covers a wide span of education (elementary to higher education) and shows how the globalization reforms as a whole are affecting Japanese education. With a focus on insiders’ accounts, this book brings in information that is little known outside of Japan. It also links globalization processes in Japanese society, school education and higher education, accounting for similarities and differences across educational levels, providing insight into the multifaceted processes affecting the Japanese education system. Chapters include: From High School Abroad to College in Japan: The Difficulties of the Japanese Returnee Experience The University of Tokyo PEAK Program: Venues into the Challenges Faced by Japanese Universities Why Does Cultural Diversity Matter? Korean Higher Education in Comparative Perspective
Globalization and Labour in China and India
by Paul Bowles John HarrissGlobalization has pushed China and India to the centre of the stage but what has been the impact on workers in these countries? This book demonstrates the complexity of the processes and responses at play. There are signs that both states are shifting their role in a 'counter movement from above'. But will this be enough to quell the social unrest?
Globalization and Labour in the Twenty-First Century (Routledge Advances in International Political Economy)
by Verity BurgmannThe Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license.Globalization has adversely affected working-class organization and mobilization, increasing inequality by redistribution upwards from labour to capital. However, workers around the world are challenging their increased exploitation by globalizing corporations. In developed countries, many unions are transforming themselves to confront employer power in ways more appropriate to contemporary circumstances; in developing countries, militant new labour movements are emerging. Drawing upon insights in anti-determinist Marxian perspectives, Verity Burgmann shows how working-class resistance is not futile, as protagonists of globalization often claim. She identifies eight characteristics of globalization harmful to workers and describes and analyses how they have responded collectively to these problems since 1990 and especially this century. With case studies from around the world, including Greece since 2008, she pays particular attention to new types of labour movement organization and mobilization that are not simply defensive reactions but are offensive and innovative responses that compel corporations or political institutions to change. Aging and less agile manifestations of the labour movement decline while new expressions of working-class organization and mobilization arise to better battle with corporate globalization. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of labour studies, globalization, political economy, Marxism and sociology of work.
Globalization and Latin American Cinema: Towards A New Critical Paradigm (Palgrave Studies in Globalization, Culture and Society)
by Sophia A. McClennenStudying the case of Latin American cinema, this book analyzes one of the most public - and most exportable- forms of postcolonial national culture to argue that millennial era globalization demands entirely new frameworks for thinking about the relationship between politics, culture, and economic policies. Concerns that globalization would bring the downfall of national culture were common in the 1990s as economies across the globe began implementing neoliberal, free market policies and abolishing state protections for culture industries. Simultaneously, new technologies and the increased mobility of people and information caused others to see globalization as an era of heightened connectivity and progressive contact. Twenty-five years later, we are now able to examine the actual impact of globalization on local and regional cultures, especially those of postcolonial societies. Tracing the full life-cycle of films and studying blockbusters like City of God, Motorcycle Diaries, and Children of Men this book argues that neoliberal globalization has created a highly ambivalent space for cultural expression, one willing to market against itself as long as the stories sell. The result is an innovative and ground-breaking text suited to scholars interested in globalization studies, Latin-American studies and film studies.
Globalization and Marginalization in Mountain Regions
by Raghubir Chand Walter LeimgruberThis book looks at the global importance of mountain systems, emphasizing their ecological and socio-economic role in light of climate change and globalization. With a special focus on the Himalayas, it also examines the Czech-German-Austrian mountain borderland, the Alps, the Andes, the highland regions of Malaysia, and the Arctic. The contributors, specialists in their fields, all use an integrative approach that develops and argues the concept of mountain regions as a global common good. Readers also discover that mountain systems and mountain communities are often marginalized and left behind by the process of globalization. Case studies throughout detail the effects of climate change and global warming on both nature and local/regional societies, such as declining water supplies, a shifting vegetation line, and other important issues facing not only mountains but also the vast regions depending on them. In addition, the comprehensive coverage offers authenticated viewpoints from some of the most eminent explorers of Tibet in the nineteenth century. More than 50 percent of the global human population draws benefits directly or indirectly from mountain resources and services. This book provides practitioners, researchers, students, and other interested readers with a compelling look at the global importance of this imposing, yet sensitive ecosystem.
Globalization and Mass Politics
by Timothy HellwigThis book analyzes how increases in international trade, finance, and production have altered voter decisions, political party positions, and the types of public issues that parties focus on in postindustrial democracies. Although many studies interrogate whether internationalization matters in regard to policy outcomes and how globalization relates to mass protest, few examine globalization and mass politics more generally. This book argues that by reducing the room in which to maneuver in policy making, globalization reduces the importance of economic-based issues while increasing the electoral importance of non-economic issues. The argument is tested on original and existing data sources.
Globalization and Military Power in the Andes
by William AvilésThrough a series of comparative case studies, the author demonstrates that the conflicts and struggles over capitalist globalization in the Andes are intricately connected to the political power of the military in the region.
Globalization and National Security
by Jonathan KirshnerIn this book, top scholars of international relations assess the consequences of globalization for national security, identifying three distinct ‘processes’ of globalization - the intensification of economic exchange, the flow of information, and marketization (the expansion of the set of social relations governed by market forces)-exploring how they can affect the capacity and power of states as well as conflict within and among them. Though much has been written on the topics of globalization and national security, there has been relatively little in the way of a systematic examination of the impact that globalization has on a state's national security. These essays deal with how state-less actors, such as terrorists, utilize the benefits of globalization, changing the nature of the security game. Failure to account for the influence of globalization will make it increasingly difficult to understand changes in the balance of power, prospects for war, and strategic choices embraced by states.
Globalization and Networked Societies: Urban Regional Change in Pacific Asia
by Yue-Man YeungGlobalization, along with globalism, continues its unrelenting and accelerating march as it draws more countries, cities, and people closer into interdependent relationships. Globalization and Networked Societies attempts to tease out some of the salient elements of this process, especially as it has affected urban centers in Pacific Asia over the past twenty years.