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Inferential Network Analysis (Analytical Methods for Social Research)
by Skyler J. Cranmer Bruce A. Desmarais Jason W. MorganThis unique textbook provides an introduction to statistical inference with network data. The authors present a self-contained derivation and mathematical formulation of methods, review examples, and real-world applications, as well as provide data and code in the R environment that can be customised. Inferential network analysis transcends fields, and examples from across the social sciences are discussed (from management to electoral politics), which can be adapted and applied to a panorama of research. From scholars to undergraduates, spanning the social, mathematical, computational and physical sciences, readers will be introduced to inferential network models and their extensions. The exponential random graph model and latent space network model are paid particular attention and, fundamentally, the reader is given the tools to independently conduct their own analyses.
Infertility: Tracing the History of a Transformative Term (RSA Series in Transdisciplinary Rhetoric #3)
by Robin E. JensenThis book explores the arguments, appeals, and narratives that have defined the meaning of infertility in the modern history of the United States and Europe. Throughout the last century, the inability of women to conceive children has been explained by discrepant views: that women are individually culpable for their own reproductive health problems, or that they require the intervention of medical experts to correct abnormalities. Using doctor-patient correspondence, oral histories, and contemporaneous popular and scientific news coverage, Robin Jensen parses the often thin rhetorical divide between moralization and medicalization, revealing how dominating explanations for infertility have emerged from seemingly competing narratives. Her longitudinal account illustrates the ways in which old arguments and appeals do not disappear in the light of new information, but instead reemerge at subsequent, often seemingly disconnected moments to combine and contend with new assertions.Tracing the transformation of language surrounding infertility from “barrenness” to “(in)fertility,” this rhetorical analysis both explicates how language was and is used to establish the concept of infertility and shows the implications these rhetorical constructions continue to have for individuals and the societies in which they live.
Infibulation: Female Mutilation in Islamic Northeastern Africa
by Esther HicksInfibulation is the most extreme form of female circumci- sion. It plays an important role in the Islamic societies of northeastern Africa. Until now, the social significance and function of this practice has been poorly understood. In this volume, Hicks analyzes female circumcision as a cultural trait embedded in a historically traditional milieu and shows why it cannot be treated in isolation as a single issue destined for elimination.
Infidel: Infidel
by Ayaan Hirsi AliOne of today&’s most admired and controversial political figures, Ayaan Hirsi Ali burst into international headlines following the murder of Theo van Gogh by an Islamist who threatened that she would be next. She made headlines again when she was stripped of her citizenship and resigned from the Dutch Parliament.Infidel shows the coming of age of this distinguished political superstar and champion of free speech as well as the development of her beliefs, iron will, and extraordinary determination to fight injustice. Raised in a strict Muslim family, Hirsi Ali survived civil war, female mutilation, brutal beatings, adolescence as a devout believer during the rise of the Muslim Brotherhood, and life in four troubled, unstable countries ruled largely by despots. She escaped from a forced marriage and sought asylum in the Netherlands, where she earned a college degree in political science, tried to help her tragically depressed sister adjust to the West, and fought for the rights of Muslim women and the reform of Islam as a member of Parliament. Under constant threat, demonized by reactionary Islamists and politicians, disowned by her father, and expelled from family and clan, she refuses to be silenced. Ultimately a celebration of triumph over adversity, Hirsi Ali’s story tells how a bright little girl evolves out of dutiful obedience to become an outspoken, pioneering freedom fighter. As Western governments struggle to balance democratic ideals with religious pressures, no other book could be more timely or more significant.
Infidels: A Novel
by Alison Strayer Abdellah TaiaSet in Salé, Morocco--the hometown Abdellah Taïa fled but to which he returns again and again in his acclaimed fiction and films--Infidels follows the life of Jallal, the son of a prostitute witch doctor--"a woman who knew men, humanity, better than anyone. In sex. Beyond sex." As a ten-year-old sidekick to his mother, Jallal spits in the face of her enemies both real and imagined.The cast of characters that rush into their lives are unforgettable for their dreams of love and belonging that unravel in turn. Built as a series of monologues that are emotionally relentless--a mix of confession, heart's murmuring, and shouting match--the book follows Jallal out of boyhood on the path to Jihad. It's a path that surprises even him.From the Hardcover edition.
Infiltrada
by D. B. JohnNovela de espionaje y un retrato fiel de un infierno real, Infiltrada pone en evidencia los horrores de una dictadura sin escrúpulos basada en el culto al líder, que con el tiempo se ha convertido en una amenaza global de primera magnitud. Mientras lo lees creerás estar en Corea del Norte, y al acabarlo te jurarás nunca poner los pies allí. Han pasado casi dos décadas desde que Soo-min desapareció en una playa de Corea del Sur. El informe oficial afirma que murió ahogada junto a su novio, pero Jenna, su hermana gemela, siempre se ha negado a admitir esa versión de los hechos. En todos estos años, el errático e impenetrable régimen de Kim Jong-il ha intensificado su política de intimidación al vecino del sur, y por extensión a todo Occidente, mientras se confirman los indicios de que su programa nuclear avanza a un ritmo peligrosamenterápido. Debido a sus conocimientos de geopolítica, a su dominio del idioma y a los rasgos físicos heredados de su madre coreana, Jenna es escogida para unirse a los grupos de expertos en asuntos norcoreanos reclutados por el gobierno estadounidense con el propósito de hacer frente a la amenaza. Servir a su país y al mismo tiempo indagar en la verdadera historia de la desaparición de su hermana es una oportunidad que Jenna no puede dejar escapar. Convertida en una agente encubierta e infiltrada en Corea del Norte, está dispuesta a poner en riesgo su vida para recuperar a Soo-min y así cauterizar las heridas que le impiden llevar una existencia plena. A partir de una documentación exhaustiva y de un excepcional conocimiento del terreno, D.B. John se adentra en el país más inexpugnable del planeta a través de un thriller vibrante que resulta a su vez profundamente humano. Con un ritmo trepidante cargado de tensión, la trama nos conduce por campos de entrenamiento de la CIA, misiones diplomáticas envueltas en alambre de espino, bases secretas, laboratorios experimentales y campos de trabajos forzados de Corea del Norte. Reseñas:«Extraordinaria [...], inteligente, sofisticada, llena de suspense. E importante. Si vas a leer algo nuevo este año, que sea Infiltrada.»Lee Child «D.B. John nos ofrece el thriller más oportuno de 2018. Un intrincado rompecabezas de espías que sumerge al lector en una carrera mortal a través de Corea del Norte.»Matthew Fitzsimmons
Infiltrated: How to Stop the Insiders and Activists Who Are Exploiting the Financial Crisis to Control Our Lives and Our Fortunes
by Jay W. RichardsWhat Every American Needs to Know About the War on Free Enterprise--and Freedom Itself. America: be warned. A new wave of financial reformers has infiltrated our public institutions at both the state and national levels. A growing army of self-proclaimed activists, philanthropists, and politicians has infiltrated not only the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, but the FDIC, the Treasury, and other regulatory agencies. This explosive new book from New York Times bestselling author Jay W.
Infiltration: How Muslim Spies and Subversives have Penetrated Washington
by Paul SperryAs Americans continue to worship at the altar of cultural diversity and endorse religious tolerance for tolerance sake, Muslims masquerading as "moderates" have insinuated themselves into the very fabric of American society, taking advantage of our blind trust and gaining footholds in our education system, government, workplace, law enforcement, and military. In this startling book, investigative journalist Paul Sperry uses revealing new interviews and classified documents to courageously explain how, for the past thirty years, these Islamist extremists have been covertly working to destroy our constitutional government and the Judeo-Christian ethics on which our nation was built. Their goal, according to Sperry, is to replace the U.S. Constitution with the Quran and turn America into an Islamic state. And, as Sperry details point-by-point, they have been unwittingly aided in their sinister aims by the politically correct media, government, and citizens, who don't fully understand the dangers of the Muslim faith. Infiltration explodes the facade of moderation and patriotism that Muslim scholars, imams, clerics, businessmen, and other leaders in the burgeoning Muslim community in America have conveyed in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks. In reality, the Muslim establishment that publicly decries the radical fringe-represented by al-Qaida's brand of Islam known as Wahhabism, the official religion of Saudi Arabia-is actually a part of it. The only difference is that they use words and money instead of bombs to accomplish their goals. Now, thanks to Sperry's peerless research, piquant prose, and forthright presentation, their cover is blown. He will not only make readers forget nearly everything they've been told about these "moderate" and "mainstream" leaders, he will expose the true agenda of these "moderate" and "mainstream" leaders, and he will explain the full scope of the dangerous threat of Islam in America. With everyone still on edge after 9/11, this book will garner wide interest, appealing specifically to people interested in current events and/or religion. Additionally, the book will appeal strongly to women whose roles, values, and rights are greatly threatened by fundamentalist Islam.
Infinite Autonomy: The Divided Individual in the Political Thought of G. W. F. Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche
by Jeffrey ChurchG. W. F. Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche are often considered the philosophical antipodes of the nineteenth century. In Infinite Autonomy, Jeffrey Church draws on the thinking of both Hegel and Nietzsche to assess the modern Western defense of individuality—to consider whether we were right to reject the ancient model of community above the individual. The theoretical and practical implications of this project are important, because the proper defense of the individual allows for the survival of modern liberal institutions in the face of non-Western critics who value communal goals at the expense of individual rights. By drawing from Hegelian and Nietzschean ideas of autonomy, Church finds a third way for the individual—what he calls the “historical individual,” which goes beyond the disagreements of the ancients and the moderns while nonetheless incorporating their distinctive contributions.
Infinite Greed: The Inhuman Selfishness of Capital (Insurrections: Critical Studies in Religion, Politics, and Culture)
by Adrian JohnstonSelfishness is essential to capitalism—or so both advocates and opponents claim. In Infinite Greed, Adrian Johnston argues that this consensus is mistaken. Through a novel synthesis of Marxism and psychoanalysis, he reveals how the relentless pursuit of profits is not fundamentally animated by human acquisitiveness. Instead, capitalism’s strange “infinite greed” demands that individuals sacrifice their pleasures, their well-being, and even themselves to serve inhuman capital.Johnston traces the mechanisms that compel capitalist subjects to obey the cold imperative to accumulate in perpetuity and without limits—and also without regard for the consequences for everyone and everything else. Facing crises such as spiraling wealth inequality and the profit-driven prospect of a looming ecological apocalypse, the rational self-interest of the majority would seem to dictate putting a stop to capitalist accumulation. By bringing together the Marxian critique of political economy with psychoanalytic metapsychology, Johnston shows why and how capitalism, rather than being responsive to people’s rationally selfish interests, disregards and overrides them instead.Unlike previous syntheses of Marxism and psychoanalysis, Infinite Greed pairs Freudian and Lacanian concepts with the economic heart of Marx’s historical materialism. In so doing, Johnston brings to light the complex intertwining of political and libidinal economies keeping us invested and complicit in perpetuating capitalism and its ills.
Infinite Hope: A Black Artist's Journey from World War II to Peace
by Ashley BryanThis book details artist Ashley Bryan's experiences as a Black soldier in the segregated army of WWII, and how love and the pursuit of art sustained him. In May of 1942, at the age of eighteen, Ashley Bryan was drafted to fight in World War II. For the next three years, he would face the horrors of war as a black soldier in a segregated army. He endured the terrible lies white officers told about the black soldiers to isolate them from anyone who showed kindness - including each other. He received worse treatment than even Nazi POWs. He was assigned the grimmest, most horrific tasks, like burying fallen soldiers-but was told to remove the black soldiers first because the media didnot want them in their newsreels. And he waited and wanted so desperately to go home, watching every white soldier get safe passage back to the United States before black soldiers were even a thought. For the next forty years, Ashley would keep his time in the war a secret. But now, he tells his story. The story of the kind people who supported him. The story of the bright moments that guided him through the dark. And the story of his passion for art that would save him time and time again. Filled with never-before-seen artwork and handwritten letters and diary entries, this illuminating and moving memoir by Newbery Honor-winning illustrator Ashley Bryan is both a lesson in history and a testament to hope.
Infinite Hope: How Wrongful Conviction, Solitary Confinement, and 12 Years on Death Row Failedto Kill My Soul
by Anthony GravesWritten by a wrongfully convicted man who spent 16 years in solitary confinement and 12 years on death row, a powerful memoir about fighting for--and winning--exoneration.In the summer of 1992, a grandmother, a teenage girl, and four children under the age of ten were beaten and stabbed to death in Somerville, Texas. The perpetrator set the house on fire to cover his tracks, deepening the heinousness of the crime and rocking the tiny community to its core. Authorities were eager to make an arrest. Five days later, Anthony Graves was in custody.Graves, then twenty-six years old and without an attorney, was certain that his innocence was obvious. He did not know the victims, he had no knowledge about the crime, and he had an airtight alibi with witnesses. There was also no physical evidence linking him to the scene. Yet Graves was indicted, convicted of capital murder, sentenced to death, and, over the course of twelve years on death row, given two execution dates. He was not freed for eighteen years, two months, four days.Through years of suffering the whims of rogue prosecutors, vote-hungry district attorneys, and Texas State Rangers who played by their own rules, Graves was frequently exposed to the dire realities of being poor and black in the criminal justice system. He witnessed fellow inmates who became his friends and confidants be taken away, one by one, to their deaths. And he missed out on seeing his three young sons mature into men. Graves's only solace was his infinite hope that the state would not execute him for a crime he did not commit. To maintain his dignity and sanity, Graves made sure as many people as possible knew about his case. He wrote letters to whomever he thought would listen. Pen pals in countries all over the world became allies, and he attracted the attention of a savvy legal team that overcame setback after setback, chiseling away at the state's faulty case against him. Everyone's efforts eventually worked. After Graves's exoneration, the original prosecutor on his case was disbarred.Graves is one of a growing number of innocent people exonerated from death row. The moving account of his saga--of his ultimate fight for freedom from inside a prison cell--is as haunting as it is poignant, and as shameful to the legal system as it is inspiring to those on the losing end of it.
Infinite Suburbia
by Alan Berger Joek Kotkin MIT Norman B. Leventhal Center for Advanced UrbanismInfinite Suburbia is the culmination of the MIT Norman B. Leventhal Center for Advanced Urbanism's yearlong study of the future of suburban development. Extensive research, an exhibition, and a conference at MIT's Media Lab, this groundbreaking collection presents fifty-two essays by seventy-four authors from twenty different fields, including, but not limited to, design, architecture, landscape, planning, history, demographics, social justice, familial trends, policy, energy, mobility, health, environment, economics, and applied and future technologies. This exhaustive compilation is richly illustrated with a wealth of photography, aerial drone shots, drawings, plans, diagrams, charts, maps, and archival materials, making it the definitive statement on suburbia at the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Infinitely Demanding
by Simon CritchleyThe clearest, boldest and most systematic statement of Simon Critchley's influential views on philosophy, ethics, and politics, Infinitely Demanding identifies a massive political disappointment at the heart of liberal democracy. Arguing that what is called for is an ethics of commitment that can inform a radical politics, Critchley considers the possibility of political subjectivity and action after Marx and Marxism, taking in the work of Kant, Levinas, Badiou and Lacan. Infinitely Demanding culminates in an argument for anarchism as an ethical practice and a remotivating means of political organization.From the Trade Paperback edition.
Infinitely Full of Hope: Fatherhood and the Future in an Age of Crisis and Disaster
by Tom WhymanA philosophical memoir about becoming a father in an increasingly terrible world – can I hope the child growing in my partner's womb will have a good-enough life?A philosophical memoir about becoming a father in an increasingly terrible world. Can I hope the child growing in my partner&’s womb will have a good-enough life? For Kant, philosophy boiled down to three key questions: &“What can I know?&”, &“What ought I do?&”, and &“What can I hope for?&” In philosophy departments, that third question has largely been neglected at the expense of the first two – even though it is crucial for understanding why anyone might ask them in the first place. In Infinitely Full of Hope, as he prepares to become a father for the first time, the philosopher Tom Whyman attempts to answer Kant&’s third question, trying to make sense of it in the context of a world that increasingly seems like it is on the verge of collapse. Part memoir, part theory, and part reflection on fatherhood, Infinitely Full of Hope asks how we can cling to hope in a world marked by crisis and disaster.
Inflation Targeting Under Imperfect Policy Credibility
by Ali Alichi Charles Freedman Douglas Laxton Marianne Johnson Ondra Kamenik Huigang Chen Kevin Clinton Turgut KișinbayA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Inflation and Deflation in East Asia (Financial and Monetary Policy Studies #54)
by Frank Rövekamp Moritz Bälz Hanns Günther Hilpert Wook SohnIn light of the deflationary trends following the 2008/2009 financial crisis, as well as the return of inflation triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, this book offers insights into price stability issues in various East Asian countries. Leading scholars from the fields of economics and law as well as central bank practitioners present case studies on Japan, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan. The contributors address topics such as quantitative monetary easing, the role of global and domestic shocks on inflation dynamics, and other monetary policy issues. In doing so, the book goes into detail about the individual forces and effects of deflation and inflation and compares the Asian experience with that of the Eurozone.
Inflation and the Family: Monetary Policy's Impact on Household Life (Palgrave Studies in Austrian Economics)
by Jeffery L. DegnerThis book provides unique insight into the relationship between economics and family life. Taking ideas from the Austrian school of economics’ understanding of monetary theory, it delves into the drivers of family formation, fertility, and family disintegration, with a particular focus on the role of inflation and inflationary policy. By placing questions surrounding family life within a political economy setting, the impact of relative price changes, inflation culture, and specific monetary policies on the role and structure of the family are highlighted. This book offers a nuanced and robust understanding of the economic causes of the deinstitutionalization of traditional family life. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in monetary economics and the economics of the family.
Inflation and the Making of Australian Macroeconomic Policy, 1945–85
by Michael BeggsInflation and the Making of Australian Macroeconomic Policy, 1945–85.
Inflation and the Making of Australian Macroeconomic Policy, 1945–85
by Michael BeggsIn the decades after World War II, inflation undermined the aspiration for full employment in Australia. This book tells the story of how the Australian state was shaped by the confrontation with monetary instability: a pre-history of neoliberalism.
Inflation: A Guide for Users and Losers
by Mark Blyth Nicolò Fraccaroli"An essential dose of clear thinking on one of the most contentious issues in economic policy." —Adam Tooze A fresh, revealing, and myth-busting guide to the ins and outs of inflation from two leading political economists. Inflation is back, and its impact can be felt everywhere, from the grocery store to the mortgage market to the results of elections around the world. What's more, tariffs and trade wars threaten to accelerate inflation again. Yet the conventional wisdom about inflation is stuck in the past. Since the 1970s, there has only really been one playbook for fighting inflation: raise interest rates, thereby creating unemployment and a recession, which will lower prices. But this simple story hides a multitude of beliefs about why prices go up and how policymakers can wrestle them back down, beliefs that are often wrong, damaging, and have little empirical basis. Leading political economists Mark Blyth and Nicolò Fraccaroli reveal why inflation really happens, challenge how we think about it, and argue for fresh approaches to combat it. With accessible and engaging commentary, and a good dose of humor, Blyth and Fraccaroli bring the complexities of economic policy and inflation indices down to earth. Policymakers around the world may have pulled off a so-called "soft landing," but Inflation warns they must update their thinking. Now tariffs, climate shocks, demographic change, geopolitical tensions, and politicians promising to upend the global order are all combining to create a more inflationary future, making a new paradigm for understanding inflation urgently necessary. Astute, timely, and engaging, Inflation is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the forces shaping our economy and politics.
Influence from Abroad
by Danny Hayes Matt GuardinoIn Influence from Abroad, Danny Hayes and Matt Guardino show that United States public opinion about American foreign policy can be shaped by foreign leaders and representatives of international organizations. By studying news coverage, elite debate, and public opinion prior to the Iraq War, the authors demonstrate that U. S. media outlets aired and published a significant amount of opposition to the invasion from official sources abroad, including British, French, and United Nations representatives. In turn, these foreign voices - to which millions of Americans were exposed - drove many Democrats and independents to signal opposition to the war, even as domestic elites supported it. Contrary to conventional wisdom that Americans care little about the views of foreigners, this book shows that international officials can alter domestic public opinion, but only when the media deem them newsworthy. Their conclusions raise significant questions about the democratic quality of United States foreign policy debates.
Influence of Social Media in a Changing Landscape of Crisis: Insights into the Digital Dynamics of Conflict and Activism in the Middle Eastern and North African Region (Medien der Kooperation – Media of Cooperation)
by Konstantin AalSocial media and information and communication technologies (ICTs) have played a pivotal role in various conflicts around the world, including the Arab Spring in Tunisia, the war in Syria, Palestinian activism, and the recent protests in Iran. This book examines the use and impact of ICT and social media in these conflicts, focusing on countries in the MENA region. The research takes an on-the-ground approach, working closely with local people to understand their everyday use and appropriation of social media and ICT. The author presents four studies covering different aspects of social media use in conflict: the evolution of the media landscape in post-uprising Tunisia; Palestinian activists using social media to oppose the construction of the wall; the role of social media among Syrian Free Army fighters, activists and refugees; and young Iranians' strategies for circumventing internet restrictions. These studies reveal the ways in which social media and conflict intersect. The research assesses the impact of social media in these settings, considering the historical, socio-economic and socio-technical dynamics of the regions. Finally, the dissertation critically reflects on the methods used in this fieldwork, emphasizing the role of the researcher and personal biases.
Influence without Arms: The New Logic of Nuclear Deterrence
by Matthew FuhrmannHow does nuclear technology influence international relations? While many books focus on countries armed with nuclear weapons, this volume puts the spotlight on those that have the technology to build nuclear bombs but choose not to. These weapons-capable countries, such as Brazil, Germany, and Japan, have what is known as nuclear latency, and they shape world politics in important ways. Offering a definitive account of nuclear latency, Matthew Fuhrmann navigates a critical yet poorly understood issue. He identifies global trends, explains why countries obtain nuclear latency, and analyzes its consequences for international security. Influence Without Arms presents new statistical and case evidence that nuclear latency enhances deterrence and provides greater influence but also triggers conflict and arms races. The book offers a framework to explain when nuclear latency increases security and when it incites instability, and generates far-reaching implications for deterrence, nuclear proliferation, arms races, preventive war, and disarmament.
Influencers, Online Alliances and Reconciliation in Southeast Europe: #Balkans (Southeast European Studies)
by Ivana StepanovicThis book explores the transformative role of social media in fostering reconciliation in the former Yugoslavia, a region still grappling with unresolved conflicts and ethnic divides. Focusing on platforms like YouTube and TikTok, it highlights how Balkan influencers blend personal storytelling with commercial outreach to promote interethnic understanding. The study employs digital ethnography and narrative analysis to reveal the intricate dynamics between human actors and algorithms, uncovering how social media facilitate grassroots reconciliation initiatives.The author critiques traditional reconciliation efforts driven by political elites and emphasises the potential of bottom-up approaches enabled by social media. It presents the concept of “algorithmic reconciliation”, where social media algorithms inadvertently foster interethnic collaborations and create transnational online communities. By examining the economic and cultural practices of influencers, the book illustrates how digital platforms can serve as modern arenas for peacebuilding.This book is primarily aimed at undergraduates and postgraduates in social history, digital media studies, and peace studies, but will also be relevant to academics, policymakers, and anyone interested in the intersection of technology and social change.