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Libya: Qadhafi's Revolution and the Modern State (Routledge Library Editions: Revolution #16)
by Lillian Craig HarrisThis book, first published in 1986, provides a comprehensive look at the social, cultural, political and economic forces that shaped Libya following the 1969 revolution. Libya’s political system under Qadhafi’s Third Universal Theory is examined, as are the power structures – military, tribal, economic and religious.
Libya (The Evolution of Africa's Major Nations)
by Judy HasdayLibya is the third-largest state in Africa by area. Located in North Africa, it has no permanent rivers or streams, as the Sahara Desert covers most of the country. Yet just beneath the land's surface lie huge reserves of oil, which have provided vast wealth for Libya's political elite. Unfortunately, little of this wealth has reached the country's approximately 6 million residents. For more than 40 years, Mu'ammar al-Gadhafi ruled Libya as an authoritarian state. The hostile foreign policies of the controversial leader, including support for international terrorist groups, caused Libya to become politically and economically isolated from the rest of the world during the late 20th century and early 21st century. In February 2011, a civil war began in Libya that resulted in the overthrow of Gadhafi's government--and eventually, the dictator's execution. Today, Libya remains in turmoil politically, as various factions squabble for power in the newly forming government.
Libya
by Alison PargeterFor a reader unfamiliar with the history of Libya, Muammar Qaddafi might be mistaken for a character in fiction. His eccentric leadership as the nation's "Brother Leader," his repressive regime, sponsorship of terrorist violence, unique vision of the state, and relentless hold on power all seem implausibly extreme. This riveting book documents the extraordinary reality of Qaddafi's rise and 42-year reign. It also explores the tenacious popular uprising that finally defeated him and the possibilities for Libya as the future unfolds. Alison Pargeter, an author with deep understanding of Libya's history and people, explains what led up to Qaddafi's bloodless coup in 1969 and how he proceeded to translate his highly personalized vision into political, economic, and social policy. She discusses his tight-knit networks, the crises he overcame—including sanctions after the Lockerbie bombing in 1988—as well as his astounding maneuverings in the early 2000s to restore tattered relations with the West. Pargeter provides a thoroughly fascinating analysis of the 2011 revolt and uncovers the full details of Qaddafi's downfall. She concludes by introducing the new power brokers in post-Qaddafi Libya as well as the variety of knotty challenges that now confront them.
Libya
by Ronald Bruce St JohnSkilfully navigating Libya's eventful past, this fully updated edition of Ronald Bruce St John's authoritative work includes an in-depth examination of the 2011 rebellion that finally put an end to over 40 years of Qadaffi's authoritarian rule. From early Greek settlements to the infamous Lockerbie bombing, and from the colonel's astonishing return to the international stage to the events that led to his ousting, this is an essential introduction to this turbulent land on the cusp of Africa and the Middle East.
Libya: From Colony to Revolution (Short Histories Ser.)
by Ronald Bruce St JohnSince Qaddafi&’s ousting in 2011, Libya has been beset by instability and conflict. To understand the tumultuous state of the country today, one must look to its past. With great clarity and precision, renowned regional expert Ronald Bruce St John examines Libya&’s long struggle to establish its political and economic identity amidst the interference of external actors keen to exploit the country&’s strategic importance. This authoritative history spans the time of the early Phoenician and Greek settlements, colonization by Mussolini&’s Italy, Qaddafi&’s four decades of rule and, in this updated edition, the internal rivalries that have dominated the country in the aftermath of the Arab Spring. Essential reading for those seeking a greater understanding of this complex North African state, Libya: From Colony to Revolution is an insightful history, rich in detail and analysis.
Libya After Qaddafi: Lessons and Implications for the Future
by Christopher S. Chivvis Jeffrey MartiniThe 2011 overthrow of Libyan dictator Muammar Qaddafi by internationally backed rebel groups has left Libya's new leaders with a number of post-conflict challenges, including establishing security, building political and administrative institutions, and restarting the economy. This report assesses these challenges, the impact of the limited international role in efforts to overcome them, and possible future roles for the international community.
Libya And The Global Enduring Disorder
by Jason PackWe no longer inhabit a world governed by international coordination, a unified NATO bloc, or an American hegemon. Traditionally, the decline of one empire leads to a restoration in the balance of power, via a struggle among rival systems of order. Yet this dynamic is surprisingly absent today; instead, the superpowers have all, at times, sought to promote what Jason Pack terms the 'Enduring Disorder'. He contends that Libya's ongoing conflict-more so than the civil wars in Yemen, Syria, Venezuela or Ukraine-constitutes the ideal microcosm in which to identify the salient features of this new era of geopolitics. The country's post-Qadhafi trajectory has been molded by the stark absence of coherent international diplomacy; while Libya's incremental implosion has precipitated cross-border contagion, further corroding global institutions and international partnership. Pack draws on over two decades of research in and on Libya and Syria to highlight the Kafkaesque aspects of today's global affairs. He shows how even the threats posed by the Arab Spring, and the Benghazi assassination of US Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens, couldn't occasion a unified Western response. Rather, they have further undercut global collaboration, demonstrating the self-reinforcing nature of the progressively collapsing world order.
Libya and Nuclear Proliferation: Stepping Back from the Brink (Adelphi Ser. #380)
by Wyn Q. BowenThis Adelphi Paper examines the motives behind Libya‘s pursuit of a nuclear weapons capability, from Gadhafi‘s rise to power in 1969 through to the end of 2003. It also assesses the proliferation pathways that the regime followed during this period, including early dependence on Soviet technology and assistance, subsequently relying on technological infusions from the A.Q. Khan network. Wyn Q. Bowen clearly analyzes the decision to give up the quest for nuclear weapons, focusing on the main factors that influenced the Gadhafi regime‘s calculations, including the perceived need to re-engage, both politically and economically, with the international community, particularly the United States. It explores the process of dismantling the nuclear programme and the question of whether Libya constitutes amodel for addressing the challenges posed by other proliferators.
Libya and the United States, Two Centuries of Strife
by Ronald Bruce St JohnDiplomatic relations between the United States and Libya have rarely followed a smooth path. Washington has repeatedly tried and failed to mediate lasting solutions, to prevent recurrent crises, and to secure its own national interests in a region of increasing importance to the United States. Libya and the United States, Two Centuries of Strife provides a unique and up-to-date analysis of U.S.-Libyan relations, assessing within the framework of conventional historical narrative the interaction of the governments and peoples of Libya and the United States over the past two centuries.Drawing on a wide range of new and unfamiliar material, Ronald Bruce St John, an expert with over thirty years of experience in international relations, charts the instances of ignorance, misunderstanding, treachery, and suffering on both sides that have shaped and limited commercial and diplomatic intercourse.St John argues that Cold War strategies resulted in a paradoxical and ambiguous U.S. policy toward Libya during the Idris regime of the 1960s, strategies that contributed to the bankruptcy of that monarchy. Following the Libyan revolution, the U.S. wrongly believed Qaddafi would become an ally in support of U.S. policy to keep Soviet influence and communism out of the region; his failure to do so marked the beginning of an era of political tension and mutual distrust.Libya and the United States, Two Centuries of Strife documents how long-standing policy differences over the Palestinian issue and such terrorist acts as the destruction of the U.S. embassy in Tripoli and the Pan Am explosion over Lockerbie in 1988 resulted in a sharp deterioration of relations. St John contends that the ensuing demonization of Libya and the U.S. policy of confrontation, which has spanned successive administrations in Washington, have ironically often not served American interests in the region but, rather, have facilitated Qaddafi's survival.
Libya in the Arab Spring
by Ramazan ErdağBy examining Libya's security architecture before and after the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) intervention in 2011, this book aims to answer three questions. First, what were the security patterns in Libya within the Middle East security complex before the Arab Spring? Second, to what extent did the Arab Spring and the revolution and intervention processes in Libya affect this security architecture? And third, what are the implications of the Libyan revolution and the NATO intervention on regional security and on the security sub-complexes of the Middle East in the post-Arab Spring era? The author addresses these issues by providing a micro-level analysis of amity-enmity patterns, power distribution and external power interests.
Libya in Western Foreign Policies, 1911-2011
by Saskia Van GenugtenLibya has a short, volatile history. Foreignersplayed a significant role in shaping Libya's institutions and policies, and thisbook explores longer term trends in the relations between Libya and the West, placing current developments in their historical context. Throughout history, the globe's mostpowerful actors have regarded Libya as an outlier state of little significance. Libya belonged neither here nor there and never fell under the full protectionof any significant global or regional powerhouse. Libya's weak nationalidentity, its weak institutions and its peripheral position have made itvulnerable to external influences and interventions. As a result, Libyarepeatedly falls prey to foreign powers wanting to flex their muscles. As thisbook narrates, this was the case in 1911, in 2011 and several times in between.
Libya, the Responsibility to Protect and the Future of Humanitarian Intervention
by Aidan Hehir Robert MurrayThis book critically analyses the 2011 intervention in Libya arguing that the manner in which the intervention was sanctioned, prosecuted and justified has a number of troubling implications for the both the future of humanitarian intervention and international peace and security.
Libya's Foreign Policy In North Africa
by Mary-jane DeebSince 1969 when Colonel Mu'ammar al-Qadhdhafi came to power through a military coup, Libya has been the focus of a great deal of attention. Its experiments with nation building have been viewed with curiosity and its foreign policy with dismay by Western analysts. Much has been written to explain Libya's international and domestic behavior, but des
Libya's Post-Qaddafi Transition: The Nation-Building Challenge
by Christopher S. Chivvis Keith Crane Peter Mandaville Jeffrey MartiniA year after Qaddafi's death, the light-footprint approach adopted for Libya's postwar transition is facing its most serious test. Security, the political transition, and economic development all present challenges. But if Libya's transitional authorities and the international community handle this issue set adroitly, Libya could still emerge as a positive force for democratic stability in North Africa and a valuable partner against al-Qaeda.
El licenciado: García Luna, Calderón y el narco
by J. Jesús LemusEn esta investigación se ahonda en las relaciones que mantuvo durante dos sexenios el encargado de la inteligencia del Estado mexicano y de la seguridad pública del país, y que alcanzaron el grado de fraternidad con los principales capos de las drogas, los que en teoría, eran sus objetivos de captura. Tras una minuciosa revisión documental y testimonial, de expedientes criminales y de actores del narcotráfico, en este trabajo periodístico se expone cómo Genaro García Luna fue el más fuerte aliado del principal jefe del narcotráfico, Joaquín Guzmán Loera, contribuyendo en gran medida al fortalecimiento y crecimiento del Cártel de Sinaloa, una de las organizaciones criminales más poderosas del mundo. La investigación se refuerza con expedientes judiciales, averiguaciones y sentencias, declaraciones de sentenciados, acusados y testigos, así como estudios psicológicos practicados en las cárceles. Aquí se señalan los principales colaboradores de García Luna, y cómo operaron en el entramado criminal y político no solo para permitir la libre operación de los grupos del narcotráfico, sino para maquillar la realidad nacional en una aparente lucha contra la delincuencia, haciendo de la justicia una verdadera farsa mediática, como en los casos de “El Michoacanazo”, “Operación Limpieza”, “La Banda de Los Zodiacos”, “Caso Florence Cassez” y otros episodios vergonzosos de la guerra del narcotráfico en México.
License Plate Readers for Law Enforcement: Opportunities and Obstacles
by Keith Gierlack Shara Williams Tom Latourrette James M. Anderson Lauren A. Mayer Johanna ZmudBecause license plate reader (LPR) technology is relatively new in the United States, opportunities and obstacles in its use in law enforcement are still under exploration. To examine issues about this technology, RAND conducted interviews with law enforcement personnel, police officers, and others responsible for procuring, maintaining, and operating the systems.
License to Travel: A Cultural History of the Passport
by Patrick BixbyThis surprising global history of an indispensable document reveals how the passport has shaped art, thought, and human experience while helping to define the modern world. Narrow escapes and new starts, tearful departures and hopeful arrivals, unwanted scrutiny in the backrooms of officialdom: some of our most memorable experiences involve a passport. In License to Travel, Patrick Bixby examines the passports of artists and intellectuals, ancient messengers and modern migrants to reveal how these seemingly humble documents implicate us in larger narratives about identity, mobility, citizenship, and state authority. This concise cultural history takes the reader on a captivating journey from pharaonic Egypt and Han-dynasty China to the passport controls and crowded refugee camps of today. Along the way, the book connects intimate stories of vulnerability and desire with vivid examples drawn from world cinema, literature, art, philosophy, and politics, highlighting the control that travel documents have over our bodies as we move around the globe. With unexpected discoveries at every turn, License to Travel exposes the passport as both an instrument of personal freedom and a tool of government surveillance powerful enough to define our very humanity.
Licensed to Kill: Privatizing the War on Terror
by Robert Young PeltonRobert Young Pelton first became aware of the phenomenon of hired guns in the War on Terror when he met a covert team of contractors on the Afghanistan/Pakistan border in the fall of 2003. Pelton soon embarked on a globe-spanning odyssey to penetrate and understand this shadowy world, ultimately delivering stunning insights into the way private soldiers are used.Enter a blood-soaked world of South African mercenaries and tribal fighters backed by ruthless financiers. Drop into Baghdad’s Green Zone, strap on body armor, and take a daily high-speed ride with a doomed crew of security contractors who dodge car bombs and snipers just to get their charges to the airport. Share a drink in a chic hotel bar with wealthy owners of private armies who debate the best way to stay alive in war zones.Licensed to Kill spans four continents and three years, taking us inside the CIA’s dirty wars; the brutal contractor murders in Fallujah and the Alamo-like sieges in Najaf and Al Kut; the Deep South contractor training camps where ex–Special Operations soldiers and even small town cops learn the ropes; the contractor conventions where macho attendees swap bullet-punctuated tales and discuss upcoming gigs; and the grim Central African prison where contractors turned failed mercenaries pay a steep price.The United States has encouraged the use of the private sector in all facets of the War on Terror, placing contractors outside the bounds of functional legal constraints. With the shocking clarity that can come only from firsthand observation, Licensed to Kill painstakingly deconstructs the most controversial events and introduces the pivotal players. Most disturbingly, it shows that there are indeed thousands of contractors—with hundreds more being produced every month—who’ve been given a license to kill, their services available to the highest bidder.From the Hardcover edition.
Lichens: Toward a Minimal Resistance
by Vincent ZoncaCovering almost 8 percent of the earth&’s terrain, lichens are living beings which are familiar to everyone, known to no one. They are one of those organisms that seem to offer nothing to hold our gaze. But the more time we spend with lichens, the more they reveal their beauty, their mysteries and their strange power of attraction. Part-algae and part-fungus, lichens call into question our customary ways of classifying forms of life, and allow us to conceive of an ecology that is no longer based on distinctions between nature and culture, urban and rural, competition and cooperation. The result of several years of investigation carried out on several different continents, this remarkable book offers an original, radical, and, like its subject matter, symbiotic reflection on this common but mostly invisible form of life, blending cultures and disciplines, drawing on biology, ecology, philosophy, literature, poetry, even graphic art. What if lichens were at the heart of some of the most pressing and topical questions of our day? Does the fact that they can live everywhere, even in very harsh environments, that they persist when almost all other traces of life have disappeared, mean that, despite their fragility, lichens are a force of resistance? After reading this book you will never see lichens, or the world, in the same way again.
Liderazgo: En tiempos turbulentos
by Doris Kearns Goodwin¿Los líderes nacen o se hacen? ¿De dónde viene la ambición? ¿Cómo afecta la adversidad al crecimiento del liderazgo? ¿El líder hace a los tiempos o los tiempos hacen al líder? En Liderazgo: en tiempos turbulentos, Goodwin recurre a los cuatro presidentes que ha estudiado más de cerca –Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt y Lyndon B. Johnson (en derechos civiles)–, para mostrar cómo reconocieron las cualidades de liderazgo dentro de sí mismos y fueron reconocidos como líderes por parte de otros. Al recordar sus primeros pasos en la vida pública, los encontramos en un momento en que sus caminos estaban llenos de confusión, temor y esperanza a la vez.Liderazgo: en tiempos turbulentos, cuenta la historia de cómo todos ellos chocaron con drásticos cambios que interrumpieron sus vidas y amenazaron con destruir sus ambiciones para siempre. Sin embargo, todos emergieron preparados para enfrentar las situaciones y dilemas de sus tiempos.Ningún patrón común describe la trayectoria del liderazgo. Aunque se distinguieron por sus orígenes, habilidades y temperamento, estos hombres compartían una ambición feroz y una resiliencia profunda que les permitía superar dificultades inusuales. En su mejor momento, los cuatro fueron guiados por un sentido de propósito moral. En momentos de gran desafío, pudieron utilizar sus talentos para engrandecer las oportunidades y las vidas de los demás.
Liderazgo: Seis estudios sobre estrategia mundial
by Henry KissingerHenry Kissinger analiza cómo seis líderes extraordinarios, a los que conoció de cerca, dieron forma a sus países y al mundo que hoy conocemos. «Pretende ser un manual para los líderes de hoy y de mañana».The New Statesman Henry Kissinger, uno de los principales estrategas políticos del siglo xx, analiza en este nuevo libro los perfiles de seis de los líderes mundiales más fascinantes e influyentesdel pasado reciente: Konrad Adenauer, Charles de Gaulle, Richard Nixon, Anwar Sadat, Lee Kuan Yew y Margaret Thatcher. Todos ellos se formaron en un periodo en el que las instituciones establecidas se derrumbaban en Europa, las estructuras coloniales daban paso a estados independientes en Asia y África y hubo que crear un nuevo orden internacional a partir de los vestigios del anterior.Kissinger repasa el camino de De Gaulle para reconstruir la Francia postimperial, la rehabilitación llevada a cabo por Adenauer de una Alemania devastada por la guerra o el éxito del experimento de la pequeña ciudad Estado de Lee Kuan Yew en Singapur. El análisis de estos procesos sirve para mostrar las estrategias de gobierno de unos líderes que, impulsados por un alto sentido de Estado, se propusieron posicionar a sus respectivos países en el centro del tablero político mundial.La perspectiva del autor no tiene parangón: es la de un historiador de primer orden que conoció y estuvo implicado en los acontecimientos que se relatan. La experiencia como alto representante público, el conocimiento personal de los protagonistas y la carrera política de Kissinger enriquecen un libro que atestigua cómo la combinación del carácter de los personajes y las circunstancias de cada situación es lo que acaba dando forma a la historia. La crítica ha dicho:«Siempre vale la pena escuchar a este sorprendente testigo de la historia».Simon Heffer, The Telegraph Book of the Year «Un estudio vital del poder en acción».Publishers Weekly «Según Kissinger, sus seis protagonistas demuestran que el liderazgo transformador de las grandes personas es más importante que las fuerzas impersonales a la hora de forjar la historia».The Times De Orden mundial se dijo:«El mejor Kissinger, con su inimitable combinación de erudición».Hillary Clinton «Un fascinante e instructivo recorrido global por la búsqueda de la armonía. La clave del realismo en las relaciones internacionales de Kissinger, y el tema de este libro magistral, es que la humildad es importante no solo para las personas, sino también para los países, incluido Estados Unidos».Walter Isaacson «Un magnífico ensayo sobre el desorden político internacional».Lluis Bassets, Babelia
The Lie: A Novel
by Hesh KestinA provocative thriller about a dynamic Israeli lawyer—famous for defending accused Palestinians—whose views are tested when her own son is taken captive by Hezbollah: “The Lie is what great fiction is all about” (Stephen King).Dahlia Barr is a devoted mother, soon-to-be divorced wife, lover of an American television correspondent. She is also a brash and successful Israeli attorney who is passionate about defending Palestinians accused of terrorism. One day, to her astonishment, the Israeli national police approach Dahlia with a tantalizing proposition: Join us, and become the government’s arbiter on when to use the harshest of interrogation methods—what some would call torture. Dahlia is intrigued. She has no intention of permitting torture, but can she change the system from within? She takes the job.As Dahlia settles into her new role, her son Ari, a twenty-year-old lieutenant in the Israel Defense Forces, is kidnapped by Hezbollah and whisked over the border to Lebanon. The one man who may hold the key to Ari’s rescue is locked in a cell in police headquarters. He is an Arab who has a long and complicated history with Dahlia. And he’s not talking. Yet.A nail-biting thriller that “will stay with you” (The New York Times Book Review), The Lie is an unforgettable story of human beings on both sides of the terror equation whose lives turn out to share more in common than they ever could have imagined. “An utterly riveting thriller that is likely to rank as one of the year’s best…The Lie has everything: memorable characters, a compelling plot, white-knuckle military action, and an economy and clarity of prose that is direct, powerful, and at times beautiful” (Booklist, starred review).
Lie Catcher: Become a Human Lie Detector in Under 60 Minutes
by Dr. David CraigInternational undercover expert and criminologist Dr David Craig gives us an easy-to-read, light-hearted guide that demonstrates through practical examples how to apply lie detecting skills in our day-to-day lives. From bargaining, making a purchase, negotiating a business contract, dealing with children to identifying infidelity, he delivers simple but effective tips and techniques we can all use to see behind the facade and get to the truth.
Lie Machines: How to Save Democracy from Troll Armies, Deceitful Robots, Junk News Operations, and Political Operatives
by Philip N. HowardTechnology is breaking politics—what can be done about it? Artificially intelligent &“bot&” accounts attack politicians and public figures on social media. Conspiracy theorists publish junk news sites to promote their outlandish beliefs. Campaigners create fake dating profiles to attract young voters. We live in a world of technologies that misdirect our attention, poison our political conversations, and jeopardize our democracies. With massive amounts of social media and public polling data, and in-depth interviews with political consultants, bot writers, and journalists, Philip N. Howard offers ways to take these &“lie machines&” apart. Lie Machines is full of riveting behind-the-scenes stories from the world&’s biggest and most damagingly successful misinformation initiatives—including those used in Brexit and U.S. elections. Howard not only shows how these campaigns evolved from older propaganda operations but also exposes their new powers, gives us insight into their effectiveness, and explains how to shut them down.
LIES: A Fair and Balanced Look at the Right
by Al FrankenListen to Al Franken as interviewed by Dan Susskind of Another Perspective on VoiceAmerica. com! Get the free Real Player Al Franken, one of our “savviest satirists” (People), has been studying the rhetoric of the Right. He has listened to their cries of “slander,” “bias,” and even “treason. ” He has examined the Bush administration’s policies of squandering our surplus, ravaging the environment, and alienating the rest of the world. He’s even watched Fox News. A lot. And, in this fair and balanced report, Al bravely and candidly exposes them all for what they are: liars. Lying, lying liars. Al destroys the liberal media bias myth by doing what his targets seem incapable of: getting his facts straight. Using the Right’s own words against them, he takes on the pundits, the politicians, and the issues, in the most talked about book of the year. Timely, provocative, unfailingly honest, and always funny, Lies sticks it to the most right-wing administration in memory, and to the right-wing media hacks who do its bidding. .