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The Political Dimension of Labor-Management Relations: National Trends and State Level Developments in Massachusetts (Volume 1) (Routledge Library Editions: The Labour Movement #27)
by Phillip SaundersFirst published in 1986. This study examines both labor’s and management’s political activities in the state of Massachusetts. The book, while historical in character, provides an interpretation of change, and identifies, describes and interprets temporal sequences. The primary aim of this study is to trace the evolution of public policy in the United States in the broad area of labor-management relations. The attempts of organized labor and management groups to influence public policy through the political process are examined, with a more detailed examination of labor and management political struggles in Massachusetts. This title will be of interest to students of political and labor history.
The Political Dimension of Labor-Management Relations: National Trends and State Level Developments in Massachusetts (Volume 2) (Routledge Library Editions: The Labour Movement #28)
by Phillip SaundersFirst published in 1986. This study examines both labor’s and management’s political activities in the state of Massachusetts. The book, while historical in character, provides an interpretation of change, and identifies, describes and interprets temporal sequences. The primary aim of this study is to trace the evolution of public policy in the United States in the broad area of labor-management relations. The attempts of organized labor and management groups to influence public policy through the political process are examined, with a more detailed examination of labor and management political struggles in Massachusetts. This title will be of interest to students of political and labor history.
The Political Dynamics of Partisan Polarization (Elements in American Politics)
by Eric R. Schmidt Edward G. Carmines Paul M. SnidermanThis is a study of the dynamics of partisan polarization in the United States. It has three objectives: (1) to identify and explain why some Republicans and Democrats – but not others – have polarized, particularly over the last twenty years; (2) to demonstrate that they have done so not on this or that issue but systematically, programmatically – domain versus issue sorting; and (3) to bring into the open profound asymmetries in polarization between the two parties, not least that Republicans polarized early and thoroughly on issues of race, while Democrats in the largest number stayed neutral or even conservative until only recently. Emerging from the reasoning and results is a revised theory of party identification that specifies the conditions under which ordinary Republicans and Democrats can become ideological partisans – real-life conservatives and liberals in their behavior – in the choices they make on candidates, policies, and parties.
The Political Ecologist
by David Wells Tony LynchAlthough Green approaches to politics have had some practical successes in a range of different countries, the movement has lacked a fully developed and coherent political theory. In this unique study David Wells and Tony Lynch demonstrate that ecological understanding and environmental concern are not just consistent with notions of social equity and grass-roots democracy, but that a concern for these aims are the logical consequence of what might be called 'political ecology'. They begin with a critique of existing approaches to Green politics, with particular attention to the claims of 'deep ecology' and go on to develop an important examination of the relationship between economic and ecological styles of thinking. They conclude with a 'social commons' inspired revision of Lockean politics. What emerges is an important understanding of the tasks of politics: rather than focusing on 'foreground' issues of individual choice, the central political challenge of our age is with the management and provision of the background conditions (the ecological conditions - understood in the broadest sense) which allows the possibility of a reasonable life. The analysis shows a concern with environmental commons engenders equal concerns for social, economic and cultural commons, develops an account of how such commons can be effectively managed and relates this account to more traditional political themes of democracy, liberty and equity.
The Political Ecology of Austerity: Crisis, Social Movements, and the Environment (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Maria Kaika Rita Calvário Giorgos VelegrakisThe Political Ecology of Austerity explores the environmental dimension of austerity that has thus far escaped academic, policy, and media attention. Offering a better comprehension of the full socio-environmental impact of austerity measures, the book highlights the importance of considering environmental issues when designing responses to economic crisis in the future. Mobilising detailed case studies from across the world, the volume documents the ways in which austerity impacts global and local ecologies, shapes environmental conflicts and gives rise to new forms and practices of social moblisation and resistance. Bringing together theoretical debates and rigorous case studies, the book proposes ‘the political ecology of austerity’ as an appropriate method of analysis that can inform our understanding of the shift in environmental protection policies and the intensification of growth practices (green or otherwise) that followed the 2008 global economic crisis. The Political Ecology of Austerity discloses austerity to be a globalised set of tools not only for budgetary discipline, but also for socio-environmental discipline that justifies the continuation of capital accumulation at the expense of further global environmental degradation. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of social and political sciences, environmental studies, urban studies, and political ecology.
The Political Ecology of Climate Change Adaptation: Livelihoods, agrarian change and the conflicts of development (Routledge Explorations in Development Studies)
by Marcus TaylorThis book provides the first systematic critique of the concept of climate change adaptation within the field of international development. Drawing on a reworked political ecology framework, it argues that climate is not something ‘out there’ that we adapt to. Instead, it is part of the social and biophysical forces through which our lived environments are actively yet unevenly produced. From this original foundation, the book challenges us to rethink the concepts of climate change, vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity in transformed ways. With case studies drawn from Pakistan, India and Mongolia, it demonstrates concretely how climatic change emerges as a dynamic force in the ongoing transformation of contested rural landscapes. In crafting this synthesis, the book recalibrates the frameworks we use to envisage climatic change in the context of contemporary debates over development, livelihoods and poverty. With its unique theoretical contribution and case study material, this book will appeal to researchers and students in environmental studies, sociology, geography, politics and development studies.
The Political Economies of Turkey and Greece: Crisis and Change (International Political Economy Series)
by Mustafa KutlayThe economic policies of reactive states such as Turkey and Greece, both of which have shown limited ability to implement institutional reforms in recent years, have paved the way for deep crises. The crises are devastating for both societies’ social fabric, but they also open up the opportunity to introduce new economic regimes. They do, however, not always invite changes in dominant paradigms. Despite weak state capacity and deep economic crisis in both cases, substantial reforms were initiated in Turkey whilst an opposite trend prevailed in Greece. Drawing on field research, this book develops a political economy framework that explains reform cycles and post-crisis outcomes in reactive states.
The Political Economy Of Arab Food Sovereignty
by Jane HarriganSince 2007 08 the global economy has faced two global food price crises, placing the issue of food security firmly back on national and international agendas. In this thought-provoking and persuasively argued book, Jane Harrigan, Professor of Economics at SOAS, examines the impact of the food price hikes on the Arab region and illuminates the linkages between the food price crisis, the Arab Spring, and the growing practice of foreign land acquisition. This book provides a political economy analysis of the history of food security in the Arab world, including the geopolitics of food and its use as a foreign policy tool by the Western world. It contains an in-depth examination of the role played by the global food crisis of 2007 11 as a trigger factor in the Arab Spring. The responses of the governments of the Arab states to these events are presented using the concept of food sovereignty, defined by the author as power and control over food supplies in ways that often violate economic and market forces. The recent push for food sovereignty has involved both a new drive to increase domestic Arab food production and land acquisition overseas the so-called land grab phenomenon. Both of these dynamics are analysed in depth from a political and an economic perspective, including a detailed study of Saudi Arabia. The Political Economy of Arab Food Sovereignty presents the first comprehensive study of the interplay between food politics and power in the Arab region, making it indispensable reading for all those interested in the political economy of the Arab world and food security. "
The Political Economy Of Argentina: Power And Class Since 1930
by Monica Peralta-ramosEconomic developments in Argentina over the last half-century present a puzzle to observers: Before World War II, the nation's per capita income and standard of living were comparable to those in countries like Canada and Australia; today, Argentina is submerged in deep economic, social, and political crises. In analyzing the events that led to this reversal, the author enhances our understanding of the phenomenon of arrested economic development in Argentina and similar developing countries. Dr. Peralta-Ramos approaches the problem with a dialectical interpretation of contemporary Argentinian history, examining crucial economic and political developments since 1930 from the standpoint of class interests in conflict. She discusses early government strategies for industrialization and their consequences for economic growth and institutional stability, maintaining that state policies generated a struggle for the appropriation of income and, ultimately, for control of the state, not only between the middle classes and the urban working class but also between the agrarian and industrial sectors of the bourgeoisie. The ensuing political instability led to further fluctuations in economic policy, to an erosion of institutional legitimacy, and, eventually, to state terrorism. Ongoing political crisis, war, and military rule, as well as soaring speculation and dwindling capital, hastened the downward spiral of the Argentinian economy. Dr. Peralta-Ramos offers in this book an innovative theoretical approach for examining how power relations can inhibit economic development and produce a fragile institutional system that threatens democracy.
The Political Economy Of China's Financial Reforms: Finance In Late Development
by Paul Bowles Gordon WhiteTHIS PATHBREAKING Work analyzes the evolution of China's financial reforms since 1979. China's reformers have stressed the construction of a more diverse, flexible, and competitive financial system as a crucial element of China's economic reform program. The authors assess the theory and practice of financial reform in light of China's specific characteristics as a large, developing country that still claims to be pursuing the goal of establishing a new form of "socialist" market economy. The authors utilize two approaches. First, they place the overall design and trajectory of. financial reform since 1979 within a broad comparative framework of alternative strategies of financial reform and financial systems. Second, they use a political economy perspective to explore the complex interactions among the political and economic actors— individual, group, or institutional—that affect reform outcomes. Integrating these two approaches, the authors conclude by assessing future directions for feasible and desirable financial reform in China.
The Political Economy Of Devaluation: The Case Of Peru, 1975-1978
by Jorge L. DalyThis book has greatly benefited from the intellectual advice of Jim Weaver, Don Bowles, and Richard Weisskoff, who supervised my doctoral dissertation at The American University.
The Political Economy Of Development Finance: Public Sector Expansion And Economic Development In Jamaica
by Anders DanielsonThis book identifies an explanation of why the Jamaican Democratic Socialist experiment under Michael Manley in the 1970s appeared to have failed. It provides an analysis of income, revenue and public finances in Jamaica.
The Political Economy Of Energy, Finance And Security In The United Arab Emirates
by Karen E. YoungThis book explores the process of policymaking and implementation in the finance, energy and security sectors in the United Arab Emirates. It looks at the role of informal advisory networks in a nascent private sector, federal politics, and historical ties in foreign relations.
The Political Economy Of Germany Under Chancellors Kohl And Schroder
by Jeremy LeamanWhile unification has undoubtedly had major effects on Germany's political economy, the pattern of current policy-making preferences was established at an earlier stage, in particular, at the beginning of the 'Kohl-era' in 1982. This essentially neo-liberal pattern can be seen to have dominated the modalities chosen to guide Germany through the process of unifi cation and was mirrored in developments in other OECD countries and in particular within the EU. This book demonstrates that the three policy imperatives (neo-liberal structural reform, European monetary integration, and unification) produced a policy-mix which, together with other structural economic and demographic factors, has had disappointing results in all three areas and hampered Germany's overall economic development.
The Political Economy Of International Organizations: A Public Choice Approach
by Roland Vaubel Thomas D WillettThe idea for this volume was conceived by Frederick Praeger, founder of Westview Press, who asked Roland Vaubel if he would put together a collection of chapters on the public choice approach to the study of international organizations. Vaubel felt it would be useful to have a coeditor from the United States, and Thomas D. Willett enthusiastically agreed to take on these duties.
The Political Economy Of Korea
by Jitendra UttamKorea's twin transitions - agrarian to industrial and industrial to post-industrial - transformed the country's political economy. Moving away from the traditional focus on aspects such as market, culture, and colonialism, the author argues that Korea's 'second state' was revitalized through the 'people's movement' and 'citizens movement'.
The Political Economy Of National Defense
by William J Weida Franklin L GertcherThis timely and wide-ranging study covers both the economic and the political aspects of defense spending—first by providing a theoretical framework and then by explaining, in a political economy context, the results of decisions to allocate scarce resources to defense. In doing so, the authors provide a comprehensive picture of the interaction between defense spending and the economic and political structure of the United States, complementing their exploration of topical concerns such as SDI with analysis of long-term trends and issues of timeless importance in the defense debate. Because of the politicizing of defense planning and procurement, there have been few significant applications of optimization techniques to high-level defense issues over the past decade. As a result, there has been a rapid decline in the importance of those techniques—historically the focus of books on defense economics. Like its predecessors, this book presents optimization techniques applicable to a wide variety of defense problems, but it also illustrates what happens in actual practice and why defense decisions are often not economically efficient. The authors discuss alternatives for cases when political constraints make efficient solutions unlikely and explore changes in the defense establishment and political structures that would make economically efficient resource allocations a reality.
The Political Economy Of National Security: An Annotated Bibliography
by Helen V Milner David A BaldwinThis bibliography focuses on books and articles dealing with the interplay of wealth and power in the context of national security policy, emphasising on the economic instruments of statecraft that are used to pursue national security goals and examining the politics of economic cooperation.
The Political Economy Of Public Sector Reform And Privatization
by Ezra Suleiman John WaterburyThis book suggests some of the ways in which levels of development shape public sector reform and privatization in developed and developing countries, showing that conservative as well as socialist governments were committed to increasing the state's guiding role in the political economy.
The Political Economy Of Regional Peacemaking
by Steven E. Lobell Norrin M. RipsmanIn this volume, scholars examine the efficacy of trade agreements, economic sanctions, and other strategies of economic statecraft for the promotion of peace both between rival states and across conflict-ridden regions more generally. In the introduction, Steven E. Lobell and Norrin M. Ripsman pose five central questions: (1) What types of economic statecraft, including incentives and sanctions, can interested parties employ? (2) Who are the appropriate targets in the rival states-state leaders, economic and social elites, or society as whole? (3) When should specific economic instruments be used to promote peace-prior to negotiations, during negotiations, after signature of the treaty, or during implementation of the treaty? (4) What are the limits and risks of economic statecraft and economic interdependence? (5) How can economic statecraft be used to move from a bilateral peace agreement to regional peace? The contributors consider the five key questions from a variety of methodological, historical, cultural, and empirical perspectives, drawing data from the Pacific, the Middle East, Europe, Asia, and Latin America. Book jacket.
The Political Economy Of Renewable Energy And Energy Security
by Paul Midford Espen MoeBringing together renewable energy and energy security, this book covers both the politics and political economy of renewables and energy security and analyzes renewable technologies in diverse and highly topical countries: Japan, China and Northern Europe.
The Political Economy Of South Africa: From Minerals-energy Complex To Industrialisation
by Ben FineDemocratization in South Africa has been accompanied by continuing and even deepening economic inequalities. Rather than proposing a blueprint for a more equable economic system, this book presents the results and implications of wide-ranging research on the history and current dynamics of the South African economy over the past fifty years. The authors analyze a range of strategic economic trajectories, linking these to the shifting balance of economic and political power, and they set the parameters within which the economic and political debates are conducted. }The acclaim with which democratization in South Africa has been greeted has been tempered by the recognition that there are at the same time continuing and even deepening economic inequalities. This is more disturbing given the extreme economic disparity experienced by much of the black population, the retreat from commitments to public ownership enshrined in the Freedom Charter, the unambiguous safeguarding of private capital, and the obstacles placed in the way of progressive economic policies by business interests and the entrenched apartheid-era bureaucracy. Rather than proposing a blueprint for a more equable economic system, this book presents the results and implications of detailed and wide-ranging research on both the history and current dynamics of the South African economy, from the Second World War to the present. The authors analyze a range of strategic economic trajectories, linking these to the shifting balance of economic and political power in South Africa. But their approach is not prescriptive; instead they set the parameters within which the economic and political debates are conducted. They also discuss the theoretical arguments involved in the propositions that they and others have put forward. The books value is enhanced by the comprehensiveness of the data presented, and each chapter is self-contained so that particular topics can be studied separately.
The Political Economy Of U.s. Policy Toward South Africa
by Kevin DanaherBy tracing U.S. involvement in South African political and economic development since the late 1800s, this book analyzes U.S. corporate and government motives for maintaining the political status quo in South Africa. In recent decades, according to the author, U.S. policy toward South Africa has grown more contradictory: Endeavoring to protect the United States's reputation on the question of race, government officials denounce apartheid, yet Washington remains the main force blocking an international response to South African policies. As the situation in South Africa continues to polarize, the U.S. is increasingly isolated in its position of verbally condemning yet materially supporting South Africa's white minority regime--a regime confronting the distinct possibility of civil war.
The Political Economy Reader: Contending Perspectives and Contemporary Debates
by Naazneen H. BarmaThe Political Economy Reader advocates a particular approach to the study of political economy – the "market-institutional" perspective – which emphasizes the ways in which markets are embedded in political and social institutions. This perspective offers a compelling alternative to the market-liberal view, which advocates freer markets and less government intervention in the economy, as if states and markets were naturally at odds with each other. The reader embraces a truly interdisciplinary approach to the study of political economy, with extensive coverage from sociology, economics, history and political science. It includes some of the most important classical and contemporary theoretical perspectives on political economy. And it engages some of the most topical debates in political economy today, such as climate change, the global financial crisis, inequality, the digital platform economy, and the COVID-19 pandemic. For political economy courses at a variety of levels and from a range of disciplines, the reader is also of interest to scholars and citizens wanting perspective on the intersection of economics, politics, and society. New to the Second Edition • More than 20 new readings included by such notables as Elinor Ostrom, E. J. Hobsbawm, Dani Rodrik, Amartya Sen, Thomas Piketty, and Mariana Mazzucato among many others. • Fully updated introductions to the book and each thematic chapter of readings. • Coverage of key emerging debates including climate change, the financial crisis, inequality, the digital platform economy, and COVID-19
The Political Economy and Islam of the Middle East: The Case of Tunisia (Political Economy of Islam)
by Hayat AlviThis book analyzes the political economy of the MENA region with a focus on pre-revolutionary political and economic conditions, the 2011 revolution itself, and post-revolutionary political processes in Tunisia. The author places particular emphasis on the political role of women, Islam, and democracy after the revolution, and argues that post-Revolution Tunisia serves as an ideal model for the MENA region to follow. This volume will interest scholars, students, researchers, and everyone who is interested in the politics of MENA and political economy.