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Influential Papers from the 1940s (The IJPA Key Papers Series)
by R.D. HinshelwoodThe 1940s was a time of great change in the psychoanalytic world. The war sounded a deathblow to continental European psychoanalysis and the death of Freud at first brought uncertainty over the future of psychoanalysis but ultimately led to greater creative freedom in exploring new ideas and theories.
Influential Papers from the 1950s (The IJPA Key Papers Series)
by Andrew C. Furman Steven T. LevyThis volume presents a series of papers that appeared in the International Journal of Psycho-Analysis during the 1950s. It recognizes a turning of psychoanalytic attention from the exploration of the analysand's intra-psychic experience to mapping out equally relevant psychoanalytic concerns.
Informal Caregivers: From Hidden Heroes to Integral Part of Care
by Andreas CharalambousThis book builds on the current trends in informal caregivers’ role in the supportive care of cancer patients (as well as other diseases) across the care continuum covering topics from the healthcare professionals and the users’ perspectives. Informal caregivers are a critical resource to their care recipients and an essential component of the health care system. The book introduces a comprehensive view of the topic and acknowledges the importance and the complexity of caregiving. Here lays one of the uniqueness of this book, which highlights the areas and the ways that for example interventions in specific settings/groups of patients can actually facilitate the caregiving process. The increasing number of care-dependent people, the adoption of the principle “outpatient before inpatient”, the shift of care from inpatient to outpatient and the preference for home care (i.e. majority) are only some of the reasons that contributed to Informal caregiving becoming a central feature of the health care landscape and will become even more prominent in the decades ahead. The book draws on the experts’ high-end, current systematic research evidence and real-life examples on these topics to provide an insightful perspective on undertaking research within this context, and to demonstrate informal caregivers’ impact on patients’ outcomes. The structure of the book provides multiple perspectives to the topic and makes it appealing to a wide range of recipients including the nursing community, clinicians, social workers, researchers, policy makers, technology experts as well as postgraduate students especially to those practicing specifically in supportive care in cancer. The book fills a gap in this field of expertise not only by familiarizing the reader with a wide range of topics to be considered but it also emphasizes on what the developments in the field in the future would need to take into consideration. Finally, current and future studies can be informed from the practices of preceding studies that are incorporated in the book.
Informal Learning and Institution-wide Language Provision: University Language Learners in the 21st Century (New Language Learning and Teaching Environments)
by Denyze Toffoli“Theoretically wise and practically powerful, this book is about how to take full advantage of advances in technology and the learner autonomy they afford, rather than simply adapt to or deny them. It issues a clarion call to language educators and administrators interested in building on recent advances in language learning via the informal avenues of digital communications.” --Mark Dressman, Professor Emeritus, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, US, Professor and Chair of English at Khalifa University, UAE “This important and original book challenges us to rethink the design and delivery of the language learning opportunities universities provide for their students. Drawing on Complex Dynamic Systems Theory, Self-Determination Theory and her own empirical explorations of informal online language learning, Denyze Toffoli paints a portrait of today’s university language learner that is novel, unexpected and urgent.” --David Little, Fellow and Associate Professor Emeritus at Trinity College, IrelandThis book takes a fresh look at both context and the language learner in an attempt to shed light on the holistic and ever-changing system of the contemporary L2 speaker’s language development. Drawing on complex dynamic systems theory as a means to more fully understand the holistic nature of contemporary language learning, the author attempts to bridge the longstanding gap between formal language provision in Higher Education institutions, and more informal language acquisition achieved through activities such as listening to music, watching films and television, and playing games. Based on a theoretical understanding of the interplay between these contexts, contents and practices, the author offers suggestions concerning the shape of language centres in higher education and the role of teachers in readying the contemporary language learner for autonomous lifelong and lifewide language development. This book will be of particular interest to language teachers, teacher trainers, and higher education administrators.
Informal Reasoning and Education
by James F. Voss David N. Perkins Judith W. SegalBased on extensive reasoning acquisition research, this volume provides theoretical and empirical considerations of the reasoning that occurs during the course of everyday personal and professional activities. Of particular interest is the text's focus on the question of how such reasoning takes place during school activities and how students acquire reasoning skills.
Information Behavior
by Amanda SpinkInformation behavior has emerged as an important aspect of human life, however our knowledge and understanding of it is incomplete and underdeveloped scientifically. Research on the topic is largely contemporary in focus and has generally not incorporated results from other disciplines. In this monograph Spink provides a new understanding of information behavior by incorporating related findings, theories and models from social sciences, psychology and cognition. In her presentation, she argues that information behavior is an important instinctive sociocognitive ability that can only be fully understood with a highly interdisciplinary approach. The leitmotivs of her examination are three important research questions: First, what is the evolutionary, biological and developmental nature of information behavior? Second, what is the role of instinct versus environment in shaping information behavior? And, third, how have information behavior capabilities evolved and developed over time? Written for researchers in information science as well as social and cognitive sciences, Spink's controversial text lays the foundation for a new interdisciplinary theoretical perspective on information behavior that will not only provide a more holistic framework for this field but will also impact those sciences, and thus also open up many new research directions.
Information Ergonomics: A theoretical approach and practical experience in transportation
by Michael Stein Peter SandlThe variety and increasing availability of hypermedia information systems, which are used in stationary applications like operators' consoles as well as mobile systems, e.g. driver information and navigation systems in automobiles form a foundation for the mediatization of the society. From the human engineering point of view this development and the ensuing increased importance of information systems for economic and private needs require careful deliberation of the derivation and application of ergonomics methods particularly in the field of information systems. This book consists of two closely intertwined parts. The first, theoretical part defines the concept of an information system, followed by an explanation of action regulation as well as cognitive theories to describe man information system interaction. A comprehensive description of information ergonomics concludes the theoretical approach. In the second, practically oriented part of this book authors from industry as well as from academic institutes illustrate the variety of current information systems taken from different fields of transportation, i.e. aviation, automotive, and railroad. The reader thus gains an overview of various applications and their context of use as well as similarities and differences in design. This does not only include a description of the different information systems but also places them in the context of the theories and models, which were presented in the first part of this book.
Information Literacy in Higher Education: A Sociocultural Perspective (SpringerBriefs in Education)
by Fabiola Cabra-Torres Gloria Patricia Marciales Vivas Harold Castañeda-Peña Jorge Winston Barbosa-Chacón Leonardo Melo González Oscar Gilberto Hernández SalamancaThis book presents an innovative theoretical and methodological approach to study information literacy in higher education contexts. While mainstream studies tend to see information literacy as a technical and universal process, this book proposes a theoretical and methodological framework to study information literacy from a sociocultural perspective, highlighting the importance of the social and cultural contexts in which information literacy develops.This situated approach demands that research data must be analysed in relation to the contexts in which they emerge, so the book proposes a research method based on the study of personal histories and stories, learning situations and intersubjective relationships to characterize the different information profiles of different information users. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach that combines contributions from educational research, psychology and information sciences, the authors first present a theoretical discussion to argue in favor of the sociocultural paradigm to study information literacy, then present their methodological proposal to observe informational competencies among higher education students, and finally present the results of an empirical study to identify different information literacy profiles among Latin American students and teachers.Breaking with the hegemonic paradigm in the field, Information Literacy in Higher Education – A Sociocultural Perspective provides useful and innovative tools to researchers working in different areas of the social sciences, such as education, psychology, linguistics and information sciences.
Information Processing Speed in Clinical Populations (Studies on Neuropsychology, Neurology and Cognition)
by John DeLuca Jessica H. KalmarAlthough investigated for over 100 years, it is only now that we are beginning to understand how speed of information processing is affected in various clinical populations. Processing speed has a major impact on higher level cognitive abilities and is extremely vulnerable to neurological insult and the aging process. The importance of processing speed with respect to brain function, cognition and overall quality of life is now the focus of a new and exciting body of research in clinical populations. This book provides a scholarly and clinically sensitive review of research on processing speed and its issues in clinical populations. Readers will come away with an in-depth understanding of human information processing speed including its historical development, its relationship to other cognitive functions, the developmental course of the ability across the lifespan, and its impact on everyday life in various clinical populations. Other highlights of the text are its discussion of the speed vs. accuracy trade-off, tools available for measuring processing speed, the unfolding research on genetic contributions to processing speed, and the latest ideas in rehabilitation. With contributing authors who are experts in their fields, Information Processing Speed in Clinical Populations represents a valuable resource for researchers, scholars, and clinicians by providing a concise summary of the existing research on processing speed across an array of disciplines and populations.
Information Processing and Cognition: The Loyola Symposium (Psychology Revivals)
by Robert L. SolsoOriginally published in 1975, this title presented current theories in information processing and cognition at the time. The topics fall into three major groups. The first section is concerned with the issues of perception and initial processing of visual material; the second section is addressed to problem of storage, retrieval, and consciousness in memory; the final section is related to the processing of language.
Information Processing in Animals: Memory Mechanisms
by Ralph R. Miller Norman E. SpearFirst published in 1982. During the past fifty years, dramatic changes have occurred in the use of laboratory animals to study learning and memory. Yet the basic reasons for this research, diverse as they are, have not changed. At one extreme is the need for relatively direct application of findings with animal models to medical or educational problems of humans; at the other extreme, the quest for understanding animal behavior for its own sake. It is probably fair to say that no chapters in this book represent either of these extremes, although in each case the author’s purposes can be said to be like those of some scientists working in this area fifty years ago. In contrast to this continuity of purpose, the approach that scientists now take in this area of study is really quite different from that of most or all scientists in the 1930s.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: Gmunden Retreat On Neurois 2016 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #16)
by Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. RandolphThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2018, June 19-21, Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of Information Systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2019 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #32)
by Thomas Fischer Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane RandolphThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2019, held on June 4–6 in Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Featuring the latest findings from top scholars in the field, it offers detailed insights into the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as applying neuroscience and neurophysiological to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2020 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #43)
by Thomas Fischer Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. RandolphThis book presents the proceedings of the virtual conference NeuroIS Retreat 2020, June 2–4, hosted in Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2021 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #52)
by Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. Randolph Gernot Müller-PutzThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2021, June 1-3, virtual conference, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2022 (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #58)
by Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. Randolph Gernot R. Müller-PutzThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2022, June 14-16, Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2023, Vienna, Austria (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #68)
by Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. Randolph Gernot R. Müller-PutzThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2023, May 30–June 1, Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Systems and Neuroscience: NeuroIS Retreat 2024, Vienna, Austria (Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation #66)
by Jan Vom Brocke René Riedl Pierre-Majorique Léger Fred D. Davis Adriane B. Randolph Gernot R. Müller-PutzThis book presents the proceedings of the NeuroIS Retreat 2024, June 9 - 11, Vienna, Austria, reporting on topics at the intersection of information systems (IS) research, neurophysiology and the brain sciences. Readers will discover the latest findings from top scholars in the field of NeuroIS, which offer detailed insights on the neurobiology underlying IS behavior, essential methods and tools and their applications for IS, as well as the application of neuroscience and neurophysiological theories to advance IS theory.
Information Technology Essentials for Behavioral Health Clinicians
by Nancy M. Lorenzi John Luo Naakesh DewanThe purpose of this book is to be the premier resource for behavioural health clinicians who are considering adopting technology into their practice. Written by experts and policy makers in the field this book will be recognized as the gold standard. Other books currently in this field are extremely technical and are geared primarily to policy makers, researchers and informaticians. While this book will be a useful adjunct to that audience, it is primarily designed for the over .5 million behavioural health clinicians in the U.S. and the millions others around the world. Adoption of technology is slow in behavioural healthcare, and this book will enhance the adoption and utilization of various technologies in practice. I.T. vendors may also purchase this book for their customers.
Information Wars: How We Lost the Global Battle Against Disinformation and What We Can Do About It
by Richard StengelFrom former Time editor and Under Secretary of State Richard Stengel, this is the first and only insider account of how the U.S. tried--and failed--to combat the global rise of disinformation that eventually spilled into the 2016 election. In February of 2013, Richard Stengel, the former editor of Time, joined the Obama administration as Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs. Within days, two shocking events made worldwide headlines: ISIS executed American journalist James Foley in a graphic video seen by millions, and Vladimir Putin's "little green men"--Russian special forces--invaded Crimea, accompanied by a blizzard of Russian denials and false flags. What these events had in common besides their violent lawlessness is that they were the opening salvos in a new era of global information warfare, in which countries and non-state actors use social media and disinformation to create their own narratives and undermine anyone who opposes them. Stengel was thrust onto the front lines of this battle as he was tasked with responding to the relentless weaponizing of information by ISIS, Russia, China, and others. He saw the scale of what he was up against and found himself hopelessly outgunned. Then, in 2016, the wars Stengel was fighting abroad came home during the presidential election, as "fake news" became a rallying cry and the Russians used the techniques they learned in Ukraine to influence the election here. Rarely has an accomplished journalist been not only a close observer but also a principal participant in American foreign policy as events unfold, issues are debated, and decisions are made. Stengel takes you behind the scenes in the ritualized world of diplomacy, from the daily 8:30 morning huddle with a restless John Kerry to a midnight sit-down in Saudi Arabia with the prince of darkness, Mohammed bin Salman. The result is a compulsively readable account of how this new kind of warfare works and how difficult it is to fight. RICHARD STENGEL was the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs from 2013 to 2016. Before working at the State Department, he was the editor of Time for seven years, from 2006 to 2013. From 1992 to 1994, he collaborated with Nelson Mandela on the South African leader's autobiography Long Walk to Freedom. Stengel later wrote Mandela's Way, a New York Times bestseller, on his experience working with Mandela. He is the author of several other books, including January Sun, a book about life in a small South African town, as well as You're Too Kind: A Brief History of Flattery. He is an NBC/MSNBC analyst and lives in New York.
Information, Natural Law, and the Self-Assembly of Rhythmic Movement (Psychology Revivals)
by Michael T. Turvey Peter N. KuglerOriginally published in 1987, the introduction states: "the authors have successfully accomplished their program – to explain, based on physical representations, the observed relations among various parameters of wrist-pendulum oscillations. Thereby a set of new ideas and concepts, including those developed recently by the scientific school to which the authors belong, are introduced to biology. These concepts are closely related to the experimental data. This accomplishment makes the book especially attractive and demonstrates once more the productivity of applying physics to biology." "Clear language, simple figures, and physical examples illuminate rather complicated problems. These attractive features should make the book intelligible to a variety of investigators in the field of motor control, not only to the specialists with physical and mathematical education." From the foreword: " Kugler and Turvey have written strategic physical biology, and shown that, after all, dynamics (including both kinetics and kinematics) may support a unitary physical view of some of the profound operations of our brains… This is a grand start on what I hope is a larger program of demystifying behaviour."
Information-Processing Channels in the Tactile Sensory System: A Psychophysical and Physiological Analysis (Scientific Psychology Series)
by Ronald T. Verrillo George A. Gescheider John H. WrightInformation-Processing Channels in the Tactile Sensory System addresses the fundamental question of whether sensory channels, similar to those known to operate in vision and audition, also operate in the sense of touch. Based on the results of psychophysical and neurophysiological experimentation the authors make a powerful case that channels operate in the processing of mechanical stimulation of the highly sensitive glabrous skin of the hand. According to the multichannel model presented in this monograph, each channel, with its specific type of mechanoreceptor and afferent nerve fiber, responds optiimally to particular aspects of the tactile stimulus. It is further proposed that the tactile perception of objects results from the combined activity of the individual tactile channels. This work is important because it provides researchers and students in the field of sensory neuroscience with a comprehensive model that enhances our understanding of tactile perception.
Informatorische Assistenzsysteme in der variantenreichen Montage: Theorie und Praxis
by Manfred Bornewasser Sven HinrichsenIn diesem Buch werden die Herausforderungen bei der Einführung von informatorischen Assistenzsystemen in der Montage erörtert und umfangreiche Gestaltungsempfehlungen vermittelt.Die industrielle Montage ist in Deutschland nach wie vor von hoher volkswirtschaftlicher Bedeutung. In der Industrie existieren zehntausende Montagearbeitsplätze. Diese verändern sich. Infolge hoher Wettbewerbsintensität und Innovationsdynamik entstehen immer mehr Produktvarianten, die zu einer Zunahme der Komplexität der Montagearbeit beitragen. Es stellt sich daher die Frage, wie mit dieser gestiegenen Komplexität umzugehen und wie diese seitens der Beschäftigten zu bewältigen ist, ohne dass es zu Überbeanspruchungen und einem Verfehlen von Produktivitätszielen kommt. Während Montage bislang vornehmlich als energetische Arbeit begriffen wurde, rücken künftig die kognitiven Anteile der Montagearbeit in den Vordergrund. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt dem Komplexitäts- und Informationsmanagement eine entscheidende Rolle zu: Während früher Strategien des Vereinfachens, z. B. durch fortschreitende Arbeitsteilung, im Vordergrund standen, gewinnen heute Strategien des Beherrschens der Komplexität an Bedeutung. Im Zentrum dieses Paradigmenwechsels stehen informatorische Assistenzsysteme, die den Beschäftigten im Montageprozess mit Informationsangeboten unterstützen und so die wachsende Komplexität sicher beherrschbar machen.
Informed Consent to Psychoanalysis: The Law, the Theory, and the Data (Psychoanalytic Interventions)
by Elyn R. Saks Shahrokh GolshanThe goal of this book is to shed psychoanalytic light on a concept—informed consent—that has transformed the delivery of health care in the United States.Examining the concept of informed consent in the context of psychoanalysis, the book first summarizes the law and literature on this topic. Is informed consent required as a matter of positive law? Apart from statutes and cases, what do the professional organizations say about this?Second, the book looks at informed consent as a theoretical matter. It addresses such questions as: What would be the elements of a robust informed consent in psychoanalysis? Is informed consent even possible here? Can patients really understand, say, transference or regression before they experience them, and is it too late once they have? Is informed consent therapeutic or countertherapeutic? Can a “process view” of informed consent make sense here?Third, the book reviews data on the topic. A lengthy questionnaire answered by sixty-two analysts reveals their practices in this regard. Do they obtain a statement of informed consent from their patients? What do they disclose? Why do they disclose it? Do they think it is possible to obtain informed consent in psychoanalysis at all? Do they think the practice is therapeutic or countertherapeutic, and in what ways? Do they think there should or should not be an informed consent requirement for psychoanalysis?The book should appeal above all to therapists interested in the ethical dimensions of their practice.
Informed by Knowledge: Expert Performance in Complex Situations (Expertise: Research and Applications Series)
by Kathleen L. Mosier Ute M. FischerThe focus of this book is on how experts adapt to complexity, synthesize and interpret information in context, and transform or "fuse" disparate items of information into coherent knowledge. The chapters examine these processes across experts (e.g. global leaders, individuals in extreme environments, managers, police officers, pilots, commanders, doctors, inventors), across contexts (e.g. space and space analogs, corporate organizations, command and control, crisis and crowd management, air traffic control, the operating room, product development), and for both individual and team performance. Successful information integration is a key factor in the success of diverse endeavors, including team attempts to climb Mt. Everest, crowd control in the Middle East, and remote drilling operations. This volume is divided into four sections, each with a specific focus on an area of expert performance, resulting in a text that covers a wide range of useful information. These sections present well-researched discussions, such as: the management of complex situations in various fields and decision contexts; technological and training approaches to facilitate knowledge management by individual experts and expert teams; new or neglected perspectives in expert decision making; and the importance of ‘modeling’ expert performance through techniques and frameworks such as Cognitive Task Analysis, computational architectures based on the notion of causal belief mapping such as ‘Convince Me,’ or the data/frame model of sensemaking. The volume provides essential reading for researchers and practitioners of Naturalistic Decision Making and those who study Expertise; Organizational and Cognitive Psychologists; and researchers and students in Business and Engineering.