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Mental Health, Crime and Justice (Critical Criminological Perspectives)
by Samantha Weston Julie TrebilcockMental Health, Crime and Justice brings together original and state of the art contributions from theoretical, empirical, and policy-related scholarship concerned with the ways people with mental health illnesses are understood, ‘managed’, ‘controlled’ and responded to. Drawing on critical scholarship from a variety of disciplines, the collection pays careful attention to the controversial relationship between mental health and crime, as well as key issues relating to justice and social harm. It presents a synthesis of discipline-specific approaches, from law, psychiatry, sociology, and criminology, but will also bridge together developments in both theory and practice. The book explores the relationship between mental health and crime by deconstructing and analysing two important facets of the justice system: (1) the various ways in which people with mental disorder navigate and are navigated through the criminal justice (and forensic mental health) system(s); and (2) how so called ‘problematised populations’ are governed, with a particular emphasis on mental health as an unfolding dimension of social harm. Unique to this volume, well-rehearsed debates are cross-examined with contemporary critiques about social harm and justice. By considering the multifaceted dimensions of violence to include ‘gendered’, ‘structural’, and ‘systemic’, this book provides a nuanced insight that exposes the controversial relationship that is said to exist between mental health and crime. The collection seeks to highlight the harm and injustice that people with mental health disorders are subject to when interacting with the criminal justice system.
Mental Health, Crime and the Impact of Criminal Justice on the Vulnerable (Critical Criminological Perspectives)
by John Gregson Bevis E. McNeil Maria De Angelis Anthony Ó Donnghaile-DrummondThis book addresses a variety of key issues surrounding mental health and the criminalization of certain individuals and groups by the Criminal Justice System and the impact this can have on their mental health. It challenges the assumption that people with mental health problems are in some way a risk or danger to society (and themselves) and therefore have a greater propensity for committing crimes, when in reality they are more likely to become the victims of crime. It argues that the misguided correlations drawn between mental health and crime, as perpetuated by the media, policy makers, clinicians, agents of the criminal justice system, and ultimately the public, lead to the criminalization of the vulnerable. Furthermore, the criminalization, stigmatization, stereotyping, labelling and discrimination endured by people with mental health problems has a devastating effect on their mental health and well-being and has negative consequences for society as a whole. Each chapter focuses on a specific area relating to mental health, identifying key themes and issues, as well as offering recommendations for improvements with regards to the treatment and support for people with mental health problems. In addition, the treatment of offenders with mental health problems who engage with the criminal justice system and its services, such as the police, prison and probation services, is critically evaluated.
Mental Health, Diabetes and Endocrinology (Mental Health and)
by Anne M. Doherty Aoife M. Egan Seán F. DinneenMental Health, Diabetes and Endocrinology examines the main areas of clinical overlap between endocrinology and mental health to address key clinical conundrums. Drawing on the most recent developments from literature and clinical practice, this book gives specific attention to the main areas where clinical conundrums and treatment challenges arise across endocrinology, psychiatry, psychology and primary care. Common challenges in this area include depression which can impact on the person's ability to self-care and to adhere to treatment with consequences for their morbidity and mortality; 'diabulaemia' associated with high mortality rates; obesity and associated mental disorders; cognitive impairment and mental capacity; anti-psychotic medications and their endocrine sequelae; and specific setting-related considerations. Mental Health, Diabetes and Endocrinology is a useful resource for the overlapping conditions across these specialities, and provides clinically-focussed evidence-based resources for all health care professionals who encounter these issues.
Mental Health, Inc.: How Corruption, Lax Oversight and Failed Reforms Endanger Our Most Vulnerable Citizens
by Art LevineThe mental health system in America is hardly the front-burner issue it should be, despite lip service about reform after each new tragic mass killing. Yet every American should care deeply about fixing a system a presidential commission reported was in “shambles.” By some measures, 20 percent of Americans have some sort of mental health condition, including the most vulnerable among us—veterans, children, the elderly, prisoners, the homeless.With Mental Health, Inc., award-winning investigative journalist Art Levine delivers a Shock Doctrine-style exposé of the failures of our out of control, profit-driven mental health system, with a special emphasis on dangerous residential treatment facilities and the failures of the pharmaceutical industry, including the overdrugging of children with antipsychotics and the disastrous maltreatment of veterans with PTSD by the scandal-wracked VA.Levine provides compelling narrative portraits of victims who needlessly died and some mentally ill people who won unexpected victories in their lives by getting smart, personalized help from “pyschosocial” programs that incorporate safe and appropriate prescribing, along with therapy and social support. He contrasts their stories with corrupt Big Pharma executives and researchers who created fraudulent marketing schemes. Levine also tells the dramatic David vs. Goliath stories of a few brave reformers, including Harvard-trained psychiatrist and researcher Dr. Stefan Kruszewski, who has acted as a whistleblower in several major cases, leading to important federal and state settlements; in addition, the book spotlights pioneering clinicians challenging outmoded, drug-and-sedate practices that leave 90 percent of people with serious mental illness too disabled to work.By taking a comprehensive look at mental health abuses and dangerous, ineffective practices as well as pointing toward solutions for creating a system for effective, proven and compassionate care, Art Levine’s essential Mental Health, Inc. is a call to action for politicians and citizens alike—needed now more than ever.
Mental Health, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and the Ageing Process
by Vee P. Prasher Philip W. Davidson Flavia H. SantosThis book brings together findings from research and clinical practice, with comprehensive coverage of the important aspects of mental health in ageing persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities. It is crucial for professionals involved in the care of persons with all intellectual and developmental disabilities to have a broad understanding of the essential range of issues, and therefore this book provides a truly multi-disciplinary perspective, complete with many figures and illustrations to underline the key points. Undoubtedly, research and clinical practice are much more advanced in the general ageing population than in persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and so professionals and academics must be made fully aware of commonalities and idiosyncrasies of older people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. This book presents the ongoing developments concerning mental health and aging, which will become relevant to the intellectually disabled population. Through experience, this book also acknowledges that the impact on the persons themselves and on their carers always needs to be taken into account, with treatment programs established with a multi-faceted team approach in mind. Avoiding the jargon of many titles in this area while maintaining the hands-on approach of clinical practice, this book meshes the practical and scientific worlds, with all chapters written by leading experts in the field. Beyond the US, the IASSIDD support expands the book message worldwide.
Mental Health, Mental Illness and Migration (Mental Health and Illness Worldwide)
by Dinesh Bhugra Driss Moussaoui Rachel Tribe Antonio V. VentriglioThis book unravels the mental health challenges of the migrants and the socio economic and cultural conditions that bear on the mental well being. In addition, it covers the measures of intervention that can help the migrants maintain or restore their mental well being. Research included in the book is timely given that there is ever increasing mobility of people which on one hand has led to better livelihoods, but on the other has created conditions of stress for the migrants and their families. As migrants are often found to be hesitant of using the health care facilities in the new place which may be due to the lack of awareness, this book elaborates on the health care facilities, cost issues, stigma, and several other factors.
Mental Health, Neurodiversity, and Criminal Justice: A Guide for Students and Practitioners
by Melanie Clark MogaveroThis book is a critical and thorough examination of the relationship between the criminal justice and mental health systems. The chapters cover a wide range of populations, focusing on those with neurodevelopmental disabilities, specifically autism and intellectual disability, mental illnesses such as post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia, substance use disorders, and juveniles. This book covers the entire criminal justice process from initial contact, police questioning, the court system, community and custodial correctional systems, and the forensic mental health system. Specific topics addressed include community interactions and crisis intervention, comprehension of Miranda warnings, competency to stand trial, eyewitness identification procedures, admissibility of expert testimony, defenses of legal responsibility, community corrections, and ethical concerns with incarceration and eligibility for capital punishment. This book also covers the history and development of the criminal justice, juvenile justice, and mental health systems to contextualize modern-day policies and practices. With student-friendly features, current terminology, inclusive language, and key findings for criminal justice practitioners, this book serves as both a textbook and extensive reference for courses and for those seeking to learn more about these diverse populations and to have a positive impact. The content has international implications.
Mental Health, Psychiatry and the Arts: A Teaching Handbook
by Victoria Tischler'Medicine and psychiatry, both based on science, require the art of caring, using the principles of art in learning and teaching. Sitting with a patient, making sense of their distress, being empathetic in understanding both the symptoms and the person and alleviating suffering needs a human touch. For that, doctors need the soul of an artist and must be aware of the value that arts have for society and the individual.' - from the Foreword by Dinesh Bhugra This comprehensive book explores how visual art, cinema, music, poetry, literature and drama can inform the teaching and practice of psychiatrists and mental health professionals. Edited and written by a team of expert practitioners, teachers and researchers, including both clinicians and users of mental health services, this comprehensive book will provide valuable insights for undergraduate and postgraduate educators with teaching reponsibilities in psychiatry and mental health. Students of the medical humanities, art, music and drama therapists, and educators in occupational therapy and psychology will also find this a valuable and insightful handbook. 'The authors of this wonderful handbook provide a convincing argument that the arts are good for what ails us. They have each used a preferred artistic medium to deepen personal reflection and to enhance their own creativity as physicians , teachers and therapists. Their models are clear, their suggestions practical, but none of the approaches you'll find here is reductive or simplistic. Try some of the reflective exercises and teaching strategies. You will be sure to rediscover something you have always cherished about the art of healing.' - from the Foreword by Allan D Peterkin
Mental Health, Racism And Sexism
by Charles V. Willie Patricia Perri Rieker Bernard M. Kramer Bertram S. BrownFollowing their book "Racism and Mental Health", the authors here re-examine the intersections of racism and mental health, adding sexism as another divisive issue that profoundly affects mental health. The book aims to offer fresh perspectives on contemporary controversial issues, including: interracial adoptions, teenage motherhood, gender bias in mental health diagnosis and therapy, prisons used as substitutes for hospitals, homeless families, and increasing violence in the home and on the streets.
Mental Health, Service User Involvement and Recovery
by Jenny WeinsteinAs the momentum for personalisation and recovery approaches grows, service users are increasingly participating as partners in all aspects of health and social care delivery, policy-making and professional training. This book provides an overview of service user involvement in mental health, its origins and current practice and policy. Written cooperatively by service users and academics, this book conveys a vital connection between recovery and involvement, offering a framework of values and helpful strategies to promote meaningful user participation. By sharing their personal narratives and contributing their views, service user authors demonstrate how taking control of their own care facilitates a swifter and more satisfying recovery. The book further acknowledges the bilateral value of user involvement in the development of mental health services, student learning, collaborative research and challenging social stigma, providing examples and critical appraisal of how this is currently being implemented. With a strong, positive emphasis on the benefits to all stakeholders, Service User Involvement and Recovery in Mental Health offers guidelines for good practice that will be relevant to health and social care practitioners, service users, students, researchers and educators.
Mental Health: Culture, Race and Ethnicity
by US Department of Health and Human ServicesA supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Cross-cultural comparisons of blacks, North American Indians, Asian-Americans, Hispanic Americans, and whites.
Mental Health: Intervention Skills for the Emergency Services
by Tricia ScottThis book addresses the practical management of mental health scenarios in the emergency setting and offers first-hand reflections on how emergency nurses, practitioners and allied mental health professionals handle these situations. Responding to mental health needs in emergency situations can be profoundly complex. Frequently emergency nurses and other personnel express their feelings of powerlessness, as they do not know what to say or do in order to achieve the best outcome, and have concerns that their intervention may make the situation worse for those in their care. How a practitioner confronts the mental health encounter and takes the essential steps in managing the event can have a critical impact on how that person copes in the future. This book helps readers understand what is involved in mental health work in emergency situations, and the practical, psychosocial and spiritual tensions that arise from managing the event and the sequelae. Moreover, it shows that it may be possible to provide a more effective emergency mental health service.This unique edited book presents critical reflections on aspects of mental health work gathered from the ‘hands-on’ experiences of the personnel. Mental health encounters in the emergency context are described in detail, illustrating not only what emergency nurses and mental health workers ‘do’ when mental health crises occur, but also what they feel about what they ‘do’. Written by a diverse team of emergency and mental health nurses and allied professionals currently engaged in emergency care both in hospital and pre-hospital settings, this book will appeal to emergency nurses and allied health professionals alike.
Mental Healthcare Matters In Primary Care
by Ruth Chambers Gill Wakley Elizabeth BoathThe National Service Framework for mental health aims to provide uniformly good systems so that mental health problems are detected and therefore treated early. This book sets out how learning more about mental health and reviewing current practice can be incorporated into a personal development plan, or practice learning plan. It shows how to integrate quality improvements into everyday work, and bridges the gap between theory and practice. Doctors, nurses and practice managers can build up a personal development plan, or a practice professional development plan through completing the exercises at the end of each chapter, and it demonstrates how to include clinical governance in the mental healthcare services they offer.
Mental Healthcare in Brazilian Spiritism: The Aesthetics of Healing (ISSN)
by Helmar KurzThis volume addresses the diversification of mental healthcare provision and patients’ health-seeking behavior by putting Brazilian Spiritism and its translocal relations at the center of its inquiry.Comparative chapters document and critically assess the affective arrangements of Spiritist spaces in Brazil and Germany and how practices contribute to healing and the diversification of a globally circulating mental health agenda. The book addresses the human experience within Spiritist psychiatric clinics and affiliated Spiritist centers in Brazil, which in migratory contexts also have connections to Germany. Chapters interrogate the spaces where people inside and outside Brazil engage in implementing Spiritist practices in mental healthcare, introducing the Aesthetics of Healing as a conceptual tool to understand interactions between religion and medicine more broadly.Establishing a novel analytical and interdisciplinary perspective on embodied aspects of sensory experience and perception, this compelling volume will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and postgraduate students involved with mental health research, medical anthropology, Spiritualism, and cross-cultural psychology. Practitioners in the fields of transcultural psychiatry and the sociology of religion will also find the volume of use.
Mental Hygiene and Psychiatry in Modern Britain
by Jonathan TomsThrough an examination that uses previously unavailable archives and little-used primary literature, this book places the twentieth-century mental hygiene movement within the broad sweep of modern British psychiatry, offering its own reinterpretation of important elements of this history.
Mental Illness Defined: Continuums, Regulation, and Defense
by Brad BowinsUnderstanding the true nature of mental illness is essential for interpreting disparate research results, establishing accurate diagnostic profiles, setting robust research agendas, and optimizing therapeutic interventions. Psychopathology currently lacks a unifying framework. Mental Illness Defined: Continuums, Regulation, and Defense provides such a framework by filling the knowledge gap. Continuums, as opposed to numerous discrete entities, characterize mental illness. Impaired regulation fosters extreme expressions of mental illness continuums, an occurrence that can be compensated for by "cognitive regulatory control therapies." Defenses tend to moderate behavior, although excessive levels foster dysfunction, as with personality disorders. The model presented aligns with neuroscience and other relevant data, thereby placing psychopathology on a more scientific foundation to advance the aims of both researchers and treatment providers.
Mental Illness and Psychiatric Treatment: A Guide for Pastoral Counselors
by Harold G Koenig Gregory Collins Rev Thomas CulbertsonTake your rightful place on the holistic health care team, with the goal of restoring vitality of body, mind, and spirit to people suffering from emotional illness! This book is designed to bring essential knowledge and skills to the religious professional who seeks to provide special ministry to the emotionally troubled. It provides a basic understanding of psychiatric illnesses, theory, and treatment modalities that is certain to enlarge the perspective of the pastoral worker. In addition to an essential overview of psychiatry in general, Mental Illness and Psychiatric Treatment: A Guide for Pastoral Counselors will help you to better serve people suffering from depression, anxiety disorders, chemical dependency, reality impairment, or personality disorders. The book's format is designed specifically to help pastors grasp the principles of intervention in each of these disorders. Each of its five concise clinical chapters follows a four-part format that covers the duties and responsibilities of the clergyman as part of the holistic health care team, consisting of: recognizing the disorder assessing its severity intervening in a crisis counseling in the recovery phase In their experience, the authors have observed that severe emotional or psychiatric illnesses often involve spiritual sickness as well. Spiritual sickness is a complex concept that may take many forms depending on the type of emotional illness it accompanies. Mental Illness and Psychiatric Treatment: A Guide for Pastoral Counselors shows you what spiritual symptoms to look for when assessing someone in your care. For example, did you know that: severe depressive illness could include the loss of faith, abandonment of hope, loss of a right relationship with God, or even self-hatred, guilt, despair, and self-annihilation a psychotic reaction marked by loss of contact with reality might involve abnormal self-importance, grandiosity, fear, or stubbornly mistaken perceptions of reality a problem with alcoholism might involve immoral behavior, irresponsible conduct, denial of the loss of control over liquor consumption, or abject guilt, shame, and self-hatred personality disorders may bring on profound disturbances in social relationships, self-centered anger, impulsiveness, dishonesty, impurity, or distrust of others people with anxiety disorders can lose their trust in God, develop obsessive fears and tensions, and become unable to turn things over to God's divine care In Mental Illness and Psychiatric Treatment: A Guide for Pastoral Counselors, you'll find the information you need to make effective judgments and assessments about the people seeking your help. The book provides you with fascinating case studies that highlight symptoms and illness patterns as well as treatment options and techniques for coordinating pastoral counseling with the mental health team. You'll learn to recognize the spiritual symptoms of disease-negative, inappropriate, of self-defeating attitudes or behaviors-and to deal specifically with these manifestations of illness through pastoral intervention and counseling.
Mental Illness and the Body: Beyond Diagnosis
by Louise PhillipsUsing real life case studies of people experiencing mental illness, this book identifies how bodily presentation of patients may reflect certain aspects of their ‘lived experience’. With reference to a range of theoretical perspectives including philosophy, psychoanalysis, feminism and sociology, Mental Illness and the Body explores the ways in which understanding ‘lived experience’ may usefully be applied to mental health practice. Key features include: an overview of the history of British psychiatry including treatments an analysis of feminism and the way its insights have been applied to understanding women's mental health and illness in-depth interviews with four patients diagnosed with mental illness an outline of Freudian and post-Freudian perspectives on the body and their relevance to current mental health practice. Mental Illness and the Body is essential reading for mental health practitioners, allied professionals and anyone with an interest in the body and mental illness.
Mental Illness in Childhood: A study of residential treatment
by V L KahanTavistock Press was established as a co-operative venture between the Tavistock Institute and Routledge & Kegan Paul (RKP) in the 1950s to produce a series of major contributions across the social sciences. This volume is part of a 2001 reissue of a selection of those important works which have since gone out of print, or are difficult to locate. Published by Routledge, 112 volumes in total are being brought together under the name The International Behavioural and Social Sciences Library: Classics from the Tavistock Press. Reproduced here in facsimile, this volume was originally published in 1971 and is available individually. The collection is also available in a number of themed mini-sets of between 5 and 13 volumes, or as a complete collection.
Mental Illness, Dementia and Family in China (Routledge/Asian Studies Association of Australia (ASAA) East Asian Series)
by Guy RamsayWith rapid economic progress and increasing life expectancy in East Asian societies, more attention is being paid by their governments, the media and the academy to mental illness and dementia. While clinical research on mental illness and dementia in Chinese societies acknowledges the importance of culture in shaping people’s experiences of these illnesses, how Chinese culture shapes people’s understandings of and responses to mental illness and dementia has yet to be interrogated to any depth. Mental Illness, Dementia and Family in China breaks new ground in exploring how Chinese culture, namely, the understandings, norms, values and scripts that people acquire through being members of a Chinese community, shapes contemporary stories of mental illness, dementia and family care-giving. This book is innovative in examining and comparing stories which have been drawn from both real life (‘life stories’), as well as from film and television productions (‘filmic stories’). These two forms effectively complement each other, with life stories generally presenting an ‘insider’s’ account and filmic stories generally presenting an ‘outsider’s’ account. What remains unvoiced in one kind of story may be voiced in the other kind. Drawing on the perspectives and analytic approaches of narrative analysis and cultural studies, Guy Ramsay uncovers culturally-shaped continuities and departures in representations of time, identity and cause of illness as well as in the language employed in contemporary stories of mental illness, dementia and family care-giving in China. This book will be invaluable to students and scholars working on Chinese cultural studies and Asian social policy, as well as those interested in psychiatry, mental health and disability studies more broadly.
Mental Illness, Discrimination and the Law
by Norman Sartorius Graham Thornicroft Julio Arboleda-Flórez Peter Bartlett Heather Stuart José Taborda Felicity Callard Hanfried HelmchenThis book describes clearly how legislation can be used to advance the rights and entitlements of people with mental health problems. Straightforward and practical, it provides useful information on how to address disabilities so these people may enjoy full citizenship. It presents the key issues succinctly and illustrates these with legislative examples from around the world. This book documents the role that law can play, at all levels, in combating such discrimination and abuse.
Mental Ills and Bodily Cures: Psychiatric Treatment in the First Half of the Twentieth Century (Medicine and Society #8)
by Joel BraslowMental Ills and Bodily Cures depicts a time when psychiatric medicine went to lengths we now find extreme and perhaps even brutal ways to heal the mind by treating the body. From a treasure trove of California psychiatric hospital records, including many verbatim transcripts of patient interviews, Joel Braslow masterfully reconstructs the world of mental patients and their doctors in the first half of the twentieth century. Hydrotherapy, sterilization, electroshock, lobotomy, and clitoridectomy—these were among the drastic somatic treatments used in these hospitals.By allowing the would-be healers and those in psychological and physical distress to speak for themselves, Braslow captures the intense and emotional interplay surrounding these therapies. His investigation combines revealing clinical detail with the immediacy of "being there" in the institutional setting while decisions are made, procedures undertaken, and results observed by all those involved. We learn how well-intentioned physicians could rationalize and regard as therapeutic treatments that often had dreadful consequences, and how much the social and cultural world is inscribed within the practice of biological psychiatry. The book will interest historians of medicine, practicing psychiatrists, and everyone who knows or has seen what it's like to be in mental distress.
Mental Immunity: Infectious Ideas, Mind-Parasites, and the Search for a Better Way to Think
by Andy Norman“Mental Immunity is the perfect vaccine for the mind-viruses infecting our culture: alternative facts, fake news, and conspiracy thinking, to name a few.” —Michael Shermer, publisher of Skeptic magazine and author of The Believing BrainAstonishingly irrational ideas are spreading. Covid denial persists in the face of overwhelming evidence. Anti-vaxxers compromise public health. Conspiracy thinking hijacks minds and incites mob violence. Toxic partisanship is cleaving nations, and climate denial has pushed our planet to the brink. Meanwhile, American Nazis march openly in the streets, and Flat Earth theory is back. What the heck is going on? And what can we do about it? In Mental Immunity, Andy Norman shows that these phenomena share a root cause. We live in a time when the so-called “right to your opinion” is thought to trump our responsibilities. The resulting ethos effectively compromises mental immune systems, allowing “mind parasites” to overrun them. Conspiracy theories, evidence-defying ideologies, garden-variety bad ideas: these are all species of mind parasite, and each of them employs clever strategies to circumvent mental immune systems. In fact, some of them compromise cultural immune systems—the things societies do to prevent bad ideas from spreading. Norman shows why all of this is more than mere analogy: minds and cultures really do have immune systems, and they really can break down. Fortunately, they can also be built up: strengthened against ideological corruption. He calls for a rigorous science of mental immune health—what he calls “cognitive immunology”—and explains how it could revolutionize our capacity for critical thinking.A practical guide to spotting and removing bad ideas, Mental Immunity is a stirring call to transcend our petty tribalisms, and a serious bid to bring humanity to its senses.
Mental Institutions in America: Social Policy to 1875
by Robert GolembiewskiMental Institutions in America: Social Policy to 1875 examines how American society responded to complex problems arising out of mental illness in the nineteenth century. All societies have had to confront sickness, disease, and dependency, and have developed their own ways of dealing with these phenomena. The mental hospital became the characteristic institution charged with the responsibility of providing care and treatment for individuals seemingly incapable of caring for themselves during protracted periods of incapacitation.The services rendered by the hospital were of benefit not merely to the afflicted individual but to the community. Such an institution embodied a series of moral imperatives by providing humane and scientific treatment of disabled individuals, many of whose families were unable to care for them at home or to pay the high costs of private institutional care. Yet the mental hospital has always been more than simply an institution that offered care and treatment for the sick and disabled. Its structure and functions have usually been linked with a variety of external economic, political, social, and intellectual forces, if only because the way in which a society handled problems of disease and dependency was partly governed by its social structure and values.The definition of disease, the criteria for institutionalization, the financial and administrative structures governing hospitals, the nature of the decision-making process, differential care and treatment of various socio-economic groups were issues that transcended strictly medical and scientific considerations. Mental Institutions in America attempts to interpret the mental hospital as a social as well as a medical institution and to illuminate the evolution of policy toward dependent groups such as the mentally ill. This classic text brilliantly studies the past in depth and on its own terms.
Mental Language: From Plato to William of Ockham (Medieval Philosophy: Texts and Studies)
by Claude PanaccioThe notion that human thought is structured like a language, with a precise syntax and semantics, has been pivotal in recent philosophy of mind. Yet it is not a new idea: it was systematically explored in the fourteenth century by William of Ockham and became central in late medieval philosophy. Mental Language examines the background of Ockham's innovation by tracing the history of the mental language theme in ancient and medieval thought.Panaccio identifies two important traditions: one philosophical, stemming from Plato and Aristotle, and the other theological, rooted in the Fathers of the Christian Church. The study then focuses on the merging of the two traditions in the Middle Ages, as they gave rise to detailed discussions over the structure of human thought and its relations with signs and language. Ultimately, Panaccio stresses the originality and significance of Ockham's doctrine of the oratio mentalis (mental discourse) and the strong impression it made upon his immediate successors.