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Perspectives on Drug Use in the United States
by Bernard SegalHere you’ll find perceptive critical analyses of areas of concern within the field that have important implications for both research endeavors and clinical intervention.
Perspectives on Evil and Violence: A Special Issue of personality and Social Psychology Review
by Arthur G. MillerWithin the past decade, there has been an intensified concern about pervasive and serious harmdoing that has drawn the attention of researchers. The primary objective of this special issue is to consider the contributions of social and personality psychology toward understanding the perception of sustained harmdoing and to assess the implications (theoretical, methodological, and philosophical) for the field of undertaking research in this area. The authors represented in this issue have each made significant contributions to the study of harmdoing and evil, and their articles deal with a variety of conceptual and empirical perspectives on harmdoing.
Perspectives on Family Communication
by Richard West Lynn H. TurnerEmphasizing the role that communication plays in both creating and solving family issues, Perspectives on Family Communication thoroughly reflects the explosion of research literature in the area of family communication. Now in its fourth successful edition, the text continues to emphasize the role that communication plays in the evolution of family issues. Throughout, the text examines a wide variety of contemporary family types and supports this examination with current research and practical examples.
Perspectives on Framing (The Society for Judgment and Decision Making Series)
by Gideon KerenLanguage comprises a major mark of humans compared with other primates and is the main vehicle for social interaction. A major characteristic of any natural language is that the same communication, idea, or intention can be articulated in different ways—in other words, the same message can be "framed" differently. The same medical treatment can be portrayed in terms chance of chance of success or chance of failure; energy reduction can be expressed in terms of savings per day or savings per year; and a task can be described as 80% completed or 20% uncompleted. In this book, contributors from a variety of disciplines—psychology, linguistics, marketing, political science, and medical decision making—come together to better understand the mechanisms underlying framing effects and assess their impact on the communication process.
Perspectives on Human Development, Family, and Culture
by Sevda Bekman Ayhan Aksu-KoçAtilde;Dagger;iAuml;yuml;dem KaAuml;yuml;itccedil;ibaAring;yuml;i has long been at the forefront of research in developmental and cultural psychology, and is one of the world's most highly respected cross-cultural psychologists. This collection of essays has been produced in honor of Professor KaAuml;yuml;itccedil;ibaAring;yuml;i's retirement and to commemorate her contribution to the field. The volume examines social, developmental, and cultural psychology and intervention policies. A select group of international expert scholars explore those aspects of human behavior that are observed in all cultures, as well as those that are unique to each. They also examine changes in the family across socio-cultural contexts and generations in order to understand the factors precipitating these changes. Representing the most recent developments in theory and research in the field, this is a cutting-edge volume that will appeal to researchers and students of developmental and cross-cultural psychology across the world.
Perspectives on Human Memory and Cognitive Aging: Essays in Honor of Fergus Craik
by Henry L. Roediger Moshe Naveh-Benjamin Morris MoscovitchDivided into four parts, the first section of this book deals with levels of processing and memory theory, the second addresses working memory and attention, the third deals with cognitive aging, and the last addresses neuroscience perspectives.
Perspectives on Human Suffering
by Jeff Malpas Norelle LickissThis volume brings together a range of interdisciplinary perspectives on a topic of central importance, but which has otherwise tended to be approached from within just one or another disciplinary framework. Most of the essays contained here incorporate some degree of interdisciplinarity in their own approach, but the volume nevertheless divides into three main sections: Philosophical considerations; Humanities approaches; Legal, medical, and therapeutic contexts. The volume includes essays by philosophers, medical practitioners and researchers, historians, lawyers, literary, Classical, and Judaic scholars. The essays are united by a common concern with the question of the human character of suffering, and the demands that suffering, and the recognition of suffering, make upon us.
Perspectives on Individual Differences Affecting Therapeutic Change in Communication Disorders (New Directions in Communication Disorders Research)
by Amy L. WeissThis volume examines the ramifications of individual differences in therapy outcomes for a wide variety of communication disorders. In an era where evidence-based practice is the clinical profession's watchword, each chapter attacks this highly relevant issue from a somewhat different perspective. In some areas of communication disorders, considering the variance brought by the client into the therapeutic 'mix' has a healthy history, whereas in others the notion of how individual client profiles mesh with therapy outcomes has rarely been considered. Through the use of research results, case study descriptions and speculation, the contributors have creatively woven what we know and what we have yet to substantiate into an interesting collection of summaries useful for therapy programming and designing clinical research.
Perspectives on Intercultural Psychotherapy: An Igbo Group Analyst’s Search for Social and Cultural Identity (Explorations in Mental Health)
by Okeke Azu-OkekeIn Perspectives on Intercultural Psychotherapy, Okeke Azu-Okeke explores cultural identity by drawing on his own experience as the first and only Black trainee in an Institute for Group Analysis in London and the impact this has had on his work as a lecturer and supervisor, as well as research from his group analysis sessions over many years to contribute a deeper awareness of the serious aspects of colonialism. Drawing from the perspective of an Igbo man of the older generation who grew up in two conflicting cultures, the traditional Igbo culture of Nigeria and that of the British colonialists, Okeke provides a thorough study of how cultural identity can influence research and practice in whatever form it takes: the academic, the theoretical, the economic and the psychological. The book discusses how ignoring deeply held social and spiritual values can alienate many trainees and potential clients from participating in the professions of psychotherapy and counselling. It also reflects on the author’s research into traditional Igbo methods of healing and compares these with Western models, especially of group analysis, and discusses how mutual learning can be achieved. This book will be of great interest to counsellors and psychotherapists; arts therapists; sociologists and anthropologists; policy makers engaged in health and social care policies; practitioners of alternative medicine; social workers and mental health workers at all levels.
Perspectives on Learning Disabilities in India: Current Practices and Prospects
by Komilla Thapa Geerdina M. Van Der Aalsvoort Janak PandeyLearning disabilities (LDs) remain one of the least understood and most debated disabling conditions that affect children. Perspective on Learning Disabilities in India: Current Practices and Prospects showcases how researchers and practitioners in the country have evolved strategies to resolve the fundamental questions related to LDs, while focusing on marginalized and disadvantaged groups. It not only highlights the basic issues and controversies in this field but also presents innovative, theory-driven approaches to the assessment and remediation of LDs. It also emphasizes the role of teachers—a useful resource in the absence of trained professionals—in the identification of LDs in children. The book offers a rich overview of ways to proceed in case of LDs, thus making it a must-read for researchers, experts, and professionals associated with this field. The expert contributors to this volume provide heuristic insights that can facilitate the formulation of a research agenda and services for people with LDs in India, where research and practice in the field is still at a nascent stage.
Perspectives on Memory Research: Essays in Honor of Uppsala University's 500th Anniversary (Comparative Cognition and Neuroscience Series)
by Lars-GFirst published in 1985. This conference on Perspectives on Memory Research was held at the University of Uppsala, June 20-24, 1977. A main purpose of it was to commemorate the birth of the University of Uppsala in 1477. This was also the purpose of more than 40 other conferences and symposia held in Uppsala during the year of 1977.
Perspectives on Memory Research: Essays in Honor of Uppsala University's 500th Anniversary (Psychology Library Editions: Memory)
by Lars-Göran NilssonOriginally published in 1979, this book contains papers presented at a conference held in 1977 to celebrate the 500th anniversary of the University of Uppsala. Beyond the commemoration, the main reason for this conference was to get students of memory together to discuss and evaluate the memory research that had already been carried out, was presently underway and to speculate about the type of research in this area that would be carried out in the future. The contributors were specifically asked to concentrate on overall theoretical and metatheoretical questions at the cost of empirical problems. With chapters from many of the leading experts in the field this is an opportunity to enjoy some of their early insights.
Perspectives on Mental Representation: Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Cognitive Processes and Capacities (Psychology Library Editions: Perception #20)
by Jacques Mehler, Edward C. T. Walker and Merrill GarrettOriginally published in 1982, the editors felt that their field was clearly in need of explanatory accounts for many different areas. This volume presents statements of the status of research in several areas by scholars at the forefront of the discipline. It tries at the same time to juxtapose theoretical and experimental perspectives in order to display some of the major lines of tension in the field. Divided into 5 parts it covers: Theoretical Perspectives; Experimental Studies in Processing; Neuropsychological Studies in Processing; Studies in Development; followed by Commentary on some specific chapters.
Perspectives on Midwifery and Parenthood
by Julie Jomeen Rita Borg XuerebThe book Perspectives on Midwifery and Parenthood explores contemporary issues relating to parenthood and midwifery. This book bridges a gap in the literature, where it highlights the close and unique relationships that midwives, nurses, doctors, other health care professionals and students enjoy with women and men during their transition to parenthood. Midwives work in close contact with and address the diverse needs of women and men during one of the most critical life's transitions, preconception, pregnancy, childbirth and early parenting and its long term implications on the psychosocial, emotional, physical and spiritual wellbeing of parents and infants. The chapters cover the transition and preparation for parenthood, midwives and parental-fetal-tie in pregnancy, perinatal mental health, maternal well-being, infertility, repeated loss and surrogacy, supporting early parenting following preterm birth, adolescent pregnancy and early parenthood, social challenges and parenthood including drug and alcohol use in pregnancy, intimate partners’ violence, migrants and transition to parenthood, fathers’ transition to parenthood, diversity of family formation - LGBTQ+ parents, breastfeeding, the role of spirituality during pregnancy, and midwifery and parenthood. Each person is unique and so is the response to parenthood, as the mother, father and family embark on this new lifeworld, a lifelong commitment. The book is a compendium of contemporary research depicting the strengths, opportunities, and recommendations how midwives and other health care professionals can nurture optimal, compassionate, respectful person- and family-centred care during pregnancy and early parenting, the transition to parenthood.
Perspectives on Object-Centered Learning in Museums
by Scott G. ParisOriginating in a recent NSF conference held at the University of Michigan, this book examines the latest ideas about how children interact with objects and through that interaction acquire new understandings, attitudes, and feelings. Although museum education provides the primary setting within which object-centered learning is explored, the analyses apply to a wide range of learning environments. Despite the demonstrated importance of object-centered learning for both academic and life-long learning, until now there has been little psychological research on the topic. Key features of this outstanding new book include: *Cross-disciplinary Focus--This is the first book to examine object-centered learning using the perspectives of such diverse fields as science, history, literacy, and art. *Museum Focus--The explosion of interest in museums of all kinds provides a natural launching pad for conceptual and practical discussions of object-based learning and informal learning environments. Vignettes--In order to ground the conceptual analyses, each chapter includes vignettes describing people actively engaged with objects in a specific setting. This volume is appropriate for advanced students and researchers in educational psychology, cognitive psychology, science education, and persons directly involved in museum education.
Perspectives on Organizational Fit (Siop Organizational Frontiers Ser.)
by Timothy A. Judge Cheri OstroffThis book concerns how employees consider their work lives, how well they fit their jobs, the work setting, other people, and what is important and valued in their organizations. Perspectives on Organizational Fit, a new book in SIOP's Organizational Frontiers Series, takes a scholarly look at fit in organizations: the relationship between individu
Perspectives on Palliative and End-of-Life Care: Disease, Social and Cultural Context (Aging and Mental Health Research)
by Rebecca S Allen Brian D Carpenter Morgan K. EichorstIndividuals and families face challenges at the end of life that can vary significantly depending on social and cultural contexts, yet more than ever is now known about the needs that cut across the great diversity of experiences in the face of dying and death. A number of behavioural interventions and clinical approaches to addressing these needs have been developed and are available to help providers care for clients and assist them in achieving their goals. Perspectives on Palliative and End-of-Life Care: Disease, Social and Cultural Contexts explores how these interventions can be used to address a range of issues across social and cultural contexts for those in need of end of life care. <P><P>With perspectives from experienced clinicians, providers, and caregivers from around the world, the book offers a strong foundation in contemporary evidence-based practice alongside seasoned practice insights from the field and explores interventions for people as diverse as HIV caregivers in Africa and individuals dying with dementia. In addition, readers will learn about the process of caring for individuals with chronic illnesses including severe mental illness; weigh the impact of policy regulations on the availability of and access to palliative care and interventions; and be able to compare the different issues experienced by family caregivers and formal caregivers. <P><P>As the companion volume to Perspectives on Behavioural Interventions in Palliative and End-of-Life Care, this book will be of interest to a wide variety of individuals, such as academics, researchers and postgraduates in the fields of mental health, medicine, psychology and social work. It will also be essential reading for healthcare providers and trainees from psychosocial and palliative medicine, social work and nursing.
Perspectives on Perception and Action (Psychology Library Editions: Cognitive Science)
by Andries F. Sanders Herbert HeuerOriginally published in 1987, this title aimed to present an eclectic and biased account of the status of perception-action relationships in various fields at the time. The chapters can be divided into three sections. The first focuses on motor control, a neglected topic in the past and hence deserving the role of the starting point of this volume. In addition motor control provides a good background to discuss the clear sensory and perceptual effects. However, motor processes are also highly relevant to perception, which was usually less emphasized in the literature at the time. Therefore a special section is devoted to motor processes in perception together with the issue of integrating information from different sources. The book concludes with a section on attention and selection of perceptual information for subsequent action.
Perspectives on Person-Environment Interaction and Drug-Taking Behavior (Routledge Revivals)
by Bernard SegalFirst published in 1987, Perspectives on Person-Environment Interaction and Drug-Taking Behavior provides a comprehensive overview of the interactionist approach from both a theoretical and applied perspective. Divided into five chapters, it deals with themes like psychosocial interactionism and substance use; social sanctions, self-referent responses, and the continuation of substance abuse; the interaction of child and environment in the early development of drug involvement; reconceptualization of person- environment interactions; and the disease theory of alcoholism from an interactionist perspective. This book is a must read for scholars and researchers of addiction studies, applied psychology and psychology in general.
Perspectives on Personality (7th Edition)
by Charles S. Carver Michael F. ScheierThis book describes a range of viewpoints that are used by personality psychologists today. Each perspective on personality is presented in a pair of chapters, introduced by a prologue that provides an overview of that perspective’s orienting assumptions and core themes. By starting with these orienting assumptions, you’ll be placed right inside the thought processes of the theorists, as you go on to read the chapters themselves. Each chapter concludes with a discussion of current problems within that theoretical viewpoint and the authors’ analysis about its future prospects. The result is a book that is engaging and enjoyable as well as informative. Learning Goals Upon completing this book, readers should be able to: Identify the ideas that form each theoretical viewpoint Understand the importance of research and why the role of research stresses the fact that personality psychology is a living, dynamic process of ongoing scientific exploration See how each perspective reflects fundamental assumptions about human nature and how behavior problems can arise and be treated from each perspective Understand how the different viewpoints relate to each other and the usefulness of blending theoretical viewpoints, treating theories as complementary, rather than competing.
Perspectives on Political Awareness: Conceptual, Theoretical and Methodological Issues
by Thomas Denk Maria Olson Niels Nørgaard Kristensen Trond SolhaugThis interdisciplinary volume presents a comprehensive framework to understand political awareness. Political awareness has become an important part of research on political attitudes and political behavior since the publication of John Zaller's work on political opinion. The authors elaborate on his theory and present a new conceptualization, which stipulates that political awareness is the attentiveness, knowledge, and understanding of politics. Hence, the book discusses different aspects, such as the concept of political awareness, its formation, significance, measurement, and exploration. The result is a new framework that addresses conceptual, theoretical, and methodological questions, such as: What does the concept mean? How to study political awareness? How is it connected to other orientations? How do children and youth develop political awareness? Addressing researchers and graduate students, as well as scholars in political science, sociology, and education, this book is a must-read for everybody interested in a better understanding of political awareness.
Perspectives on School Crisis Response: Reflections from the Field
by Jeffrey C. Roth Benjamin S. FernandezThis book offers a unique collection of narrative case studies that capture the responses of mental health professionals to tragedies in schools and are designed to connect key concepts and skills with real life application. By citing evidence-based theories and interventions with vivid real world accounts, this volume aims to highlight the multi-phased, multi-disciplinary nature of school crisis response while emphasizing the need for effective coordination and collaboration. It provides a powerful professional development resource for school crisis teams, psychologists, counselors, social workers, nurses, resource officers, administrators and teachers, and training university students, who will face similar situations.
Perspectives on School Learning: Selected Writings of John B. Carroll (Psychology of Education and Instruction Series)
by Lorin W. AndersonFirst Published in 1985. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Perspectives on Scientific Argumentation
by Myint Swe KhineArgumentation--arriving at conclusions on a topic through a process of logical reasoning that includes debate and persuasion-- has in recent years emerged as a central topic of discussion among science educators and researchers. There is now a firm and general belief that fostering argumentation in learning activities can develop students' critical thinking and reasoning skills, and that dialogic and collaborative inquiries are key precursors to an engagement in scientific argumentation. It is also reckoned that argumentation helps students assimilate knowledge and generate complex meaning. The consensus among educators is that involving students in scientific argumentation must play a critical role in the education process itself. Recent analysis of research trends in science education indicates that argumentation is now the most prevalent research topic in the literature. This book attempts to consolidate contemporary thinking and research on the role of scientific argumentation in education. Perspectives on Scientific Argumentation brings together prominent scholars in the field to share the sum of their knowledge about the place of scientific argumentation in teaching and learning. Chapters explore scientific argumentation as a means of addressing and solving problems in conceptual change, reasoning, knowledge-building and the promotion of scientific literacy. Others interrogate topics such as the importance of language, discursive practice, social interactions and culture in the classroom. The material in this book, which features intervention studies, discourse analyses, classroom-based experiments, anthropological observations, and design-based research, will inform theoretical frameworks and changing pedagogical practices as well as encourage new avenues of research.
Perspectives on Sentence Processing
by Keith Rayner Charles Clifton Lyn FrazierOne of the liveliest forums for sharing psychological, linguistic, philosophical, and computer science perspectives on psycholinguistics has been the annual meeting of the CUNY Sentence Processing Conference. Documenting the state of the art in several important approaches to sentence processing, this volume consists of selected papers that had been presented at the Sixth CUNY Conference. The editors not only present the main themes that ran through the conference but also honor the breadth of the presentations from disciplines including linguistics, experimental psychology, and computer science. The variety of sentence processing topics examined includes: * how evoked brain potentials reflect sentence comprehension * how auditory words are processed * how various sources of grammatical and nongrammatical information are coordinated and used * how sentence processing and language acquisition might be related. This distinctive volume not only presents the most exciting current work in sentence processing, but also places this research into the broader context of theorizing about it.