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Terrorism and War: Unconscious Dynamics of Political Violence
by Coline Covington Paul Williams Jean Arundale Jean Knox Lord John AlderdiceFollowing the attacks of September 11th 2001, one of the resounding questions asked was "What would make anyone do such a thing?" The psychological mentality of the suicidal terrorist left a gaping hole in people's understanding. This essential volume represents a much-needed effort to collate and examine some of the material already at our disposal as an encouragement to serious thought on this question and other related questions.'If terrorism is not new, what is it about the recent attacks that gives us a sense that something has changed? Is it the scale of the destruction, or the anxiety that we are facing some altogether new uncertainty? Are we in some sense facing a new enemy? ...In reflecting on these and other related questions we may be facing a similar watershed of understanding to that faced by Freud at the end of the Great War...In the absence of progress in our thinking today, political leaders and public opinion will likely turn to previous political and religious ideas, investing in them with a fundamentalist certainty that spells disaster.
Terrorism, Trauma and Psychology: A multilevel victim perspective of the Bali bombings (Explorations in Social Psychology)
by Gwen Brookes Julie Ann Pooley Jaya EarnestThis book provides a comprehensive insight into the multilayered effects experienced by directly affected victims and their indirectly affected family members following terrorist incidents and other world disasters. Chapters draw primarily on interviews with fifty victims of the Bali bombings, but also consider terrorist incidents including the London and Boston bombings, and disasters such as the Boxing Day tsunami and the Fukusima nuclear disaster. The book provides a detailed exploration of experiences and perceptions of those involved in the traumatic events, as well as their families, emergency response teams and community volunteers. Chapters discuss community responses to major incidents, appropriate non-medical models of intervention and vulnerable groups that may require special attention. The findings and analysis presented contribute to our understanding of the multilayered effects of terrorism on victims of all levels, and the importance of a planned and informed response, which includes the local community and its wealth of pre-existing resources. Terrorism, Trauma and Psychology: A multilevel victim perspective of the Bali bombing will be key reading for researchers and academics in the fields of social and clinical psychology, as well as scholars of victimology and terrorism studies.
Terrorist Minds: The Psychology of Violent Extremism from Al-Qaeda to the Far Right (Columbia Studies in Terrorism and Irregular Warfare)
by John HorganWhat makes a person want to become a terrorist? Who becomes involved in terrorism, and why? In what ways does participating in violent extremism change someone? And how can people become deradicalized?John Horgan—one of the world’s leading experts on the psychology of terrorism—takes readers on a globe-spanning journey into the terrorist mindset. Drawing on groundbreaking personal interviews as well as decades of research from psychologists and others, he traces the pathways that lead people into violent extremism and explores what happens to them as their involvement deepens. Horgan provides an up-to-date, evidence-based understanding of the patterns, motives, and mentalities of violent extremists from the Islamic State and al-Shabaab to white supremacists and incels. He argues that there is not a straightforward psychological profile of a terrorist, in part because of the great variety of today’s extremists, who are able to attract a more diverse pool of recruits than ever before. But even though there is no one-size-fits-all profile, psychological study can provide crucial insight into why and how people become terrorists.Accessible and nuanced, Terrorist Minds is an essential book for readers interested in what psychology can explain about extremist behavior.
Terrorist Profiling and Law Enforcement: Detection, Prevention, Deterrence
by Noel McGuirkThis book analyses the usefulness of terrorist profiling utilised by law enforcement officers as a pre-emptive means to assist them in the detection, prevention and deterrence of terrorism and/or its preparatory activities. It explores two main themes arising from the phenomenon of terrorist profiling: the lawfulness of terrorist profiling and the utility of profiling. These two themes are explored in three separate parts. Firstly, the book begins by drawing upon human rights concerns arising from the use of terrorist profiling by law enforcement officers. Secondly, an analytical framework capable of making determinations on the usefulness of terrorist profiling. This framework develops a profiling spectrum that ranges from formal and informal manifestations of terrorist profiling that forms the basis for evaluating its usefulness. Finally, the book presents an examination of various manifestations of terrorist profiling by separating the analysis of the ‘construction’ of profiles on the one hand, from their ‘application,’ on the other, so as to be able to identify and examine profiling’s usefulness as a technique to assist law enforcement officers make predictions about likely offender characteristics. This book ultimately concludes that terrorist profiling should only be conducted by undertaking a systematic assessment of the construction of profiles separate from the application of profiles whilst simultaneously taking into account fundamental human rights concerns with the practice of terrorist profiling. The work will be an essential resource for academics, law enforcement officers and lawyers in the disciplines of law, criminology, human rights, criminal justice and policing. As the book engages with terrorist profiling, it will also be of interest to those engaged in the psychology of terrorism.
The Terrorist's Dilemma: Managing Violent Covert Organizations
by Jacob N. ShapiroA comprehensive look at how terrorist groups organize themselvesHow do terrorist groups control their members? Do the tools groups use to monitor their operatives and enforce discipline create security vulnerabilities that governments can exploit? The Terrorist's Dilemma is the first book to systematically examine the great variation in how terrorist groups are structured. Employing a broad range of agency theory, historical case studies, and terrorists' own internal documents, Jacob Shapiro provocatively discusses the core managerial challenges that terrorists face and illustrates how their political goals interact with the operational environment to push them to organize in particular ways.Shapiro provides a historically informed explanation for why some groups have little hierarchy, while others resemble miniature firms, complete with line charts and written disciplinary codes. Looking at groups in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, he highlights how consistent and widespread the terrorist's dilemma--balancing the desire to maintain control with the need for secrecy--has been since the 1880s. Through an analysis of more than a hundred terrorist autobiographies he shows how prevalent bureaucracy has been, and he utilizes a cache of internal documents from al-Qa'ida in Iraq to outline why this deadly group used so much paperwork to handle its people. Tracing the strategic interaction between terrorist leaders and their operatives, Shapiro closes with a series of comparative case studies, indicating that the differences in how groups in the same conflict approach their dilemmas are consistent with an agency theory perspective.The Terrorist's Dilemma demonstrates the management constraints inherent to terrorist groups and sheds light on specific organizational details that can be exploited to more efficiently combat terrorist activity.
Tertiary Online Teaching and Learning: TOTAL Perspectives and Resources for Digital Education
by Stephen McKenzie Filia Garivaldis Kyle R. DyerThis book is the first comprehensive and integrated guide to online education. It systematically presents all aspects of the emerging “big picture” of online education, providing a broad range of information and insights from online experts, learners, teachers, developers and researchers.The book introduces readers to online education and reveals its potential for bringing about a paradigm shift in education. It describes avenues for increasing the value of the online education medium and examines techniques for improving the online student experience. It also offers a wealth of real-world examples and experiences and shares recommendations on how to improve them, provided by students, teachers, developers, and researchers.Accordingly, the book equips readers – including online learners, teachers, researchers, developers, and administrators – to optimally participate in and contribute to current and future online education advances.
The Test: My Autobiography
by Brian O'DriscollThe number one bestselling autobiography of the greatest rugby player of our time: Brian O'Driscoll. Since 1999, when he made his international debut, there has been no greater player in world rugby than Brian O'Driscoll. In 2010 Rugby World magazine named him its world player of the decade - and since then the legend has only grown. Now, at the end of his amazing career - which culminated in fairy-tale fashion with Ireland's victory in the 2014 Six Nations championship - he tells his own story. Honest, gritty and thoughtful, Brian O'Driscoll's Autobiography is not just an essential sports book. It is an essential book about family, friends, hard work, courage and imagination.'Honest, charming and revealing - a thoroughly good read' Rugby World'After reading The Test I warmed even more to O'Driscoll as a player and a man. He stood for a new ethos in Irish sport that refused to accept mediocrity or glorious failure' Fergal Keane, Irish Times'O'Driscoll's honesty ... takes the reader to a place they simply have not been before' Vincent Hogan, Irish Independent'A must-read insight into the life and mind of Ireland's greatest rugby player' Irish Mail on Sunday'There are fascinating insights into the lengths he was willing to go to perform at the highest level' Sunday Business Post
Test Anxiety and What You Can Do About It: A Practical Guide for Teachers, Parents, and Kids
by Joseph CasbarroHigher standards and greater accountability have contributed to an alarming rise in test anxiety in our students. To help them pass mandated assessments, teachers drill on facts and give endless practice tests. But teaching to the test isn't enough. High stakes testing produces high anxiety that, in turn, lowers performance. Teachers, parents, and kids must do more to minimize its negative effects and increase test results. But where do we begin? Test Anxiety & What You Can Do About It offers constructive and powerful strategies that specifically target the physical, emotional, and cognitive symptoms of anxiety. This book serves as a comprehensive and practical guide for test- takers of all ages. It is an essential resource for teachers and parents of students who are faced with the increased testing mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act Take control! Increase understanding, enhance recall, regulate emotions, and improve test performance through the reduction of test anxiety. This book is the right resource at the right time!
Test Bias in Employment Selection Testing: A Visual Introduction (Classroom Companion: Business)
by Thomas A. StetzThis book provides students with a concise introduction to test bias from a psychometric point-of-view without statistics. It uses easy to understand graphs to explain complex technical approaches to test bias giving readers a highly sought-after knowledge enabling them to be better consumers of tests.Studies performed by the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) consistently show that selection is a key competency for Human Resource (HR) professionals. Knowledge of test bias is a key component to effectively and legally performing this highly valued HR function. Unfortunately, test bias is rarely covered in HR classes or is presented in a highly technical manner geared to individuals with strong statistical and mathematical backgrounds. This book, requiring no previous statistical or mathematical knowledge, can be used as a supplemental textbook for any class that deals with selection, staffing, or measurement at the undergraduate or graduate level.
The Test Book
by Roman Tschäppeler Mikael KrogerusAn essential library of tests for self-knowledge and success, from the strategic thinking experts behind the international bestseller The Decision Book. Are you clever? Can you self-motivate? Are you creative? How do you handle money? Can you lead others well? With their trademark style and wit, best-selling authors Mikael Krogerus and Roman Tschäppeler present sixty-four tests spanning intelligence and personality type; creativity and leadership skills; fitness and lifestyle; and knowledge and belief. From what you see in a Rorschach test to comparing your workout against a Navy SEAL’s, from EQ to IQ and Myers-Briggs in between, The Test Book offers a panoply of ways to assess yourself and decide what you need to succeed. As Krogerus and Tschäppeler highlight, you can only know whether you have the right skills, the right job, or the right partner when you know where you stand right now. Small enough to fit in your pocket but packed with insight and good humor, The Test Book delivers a quick, fun way to evaluate your life and happiness.
El test de la golosina: Cómo entender y manejar el autocontrol
by Walter MischelCómo entender y manejar el autocontrol Un niño recibe una golosina y una instrucción clara: se puede comer la golosina de inmediato, o esperar cinco minutos y comerse dos golosinas. ¿Qué hará? ¿Y qué indica su decisión acerca de su comportamiento futuro? Este sencillo experimento, ideado en los años 60 por el legendario psicólogo Walter Mischel, supuso una auténtica revolución y le convirtió en el primer experto mundial sobre autocontrol. Mischel ha demostrado que la capacidad de aplazar la recompensa es fundamental para una vida exitosa, y produce mejores resultados académicos, mejores funciones cognitivas y sociales, un estilo de vida más saludable y una mayor autoestima. Pero ¿nacemos con esa fuerza de voluntad o se puede aprender? En El test de la golosina, Mischel explica cómo se puede conseguir el autocontrol y aplicarlo a los retos de la vida cotidiana - desde la dieta hasta dejar de fumar, superar desamores, tomar decisiones importantes y planear la jubilación. Lleno de profundas implicaciones para las decisiones que toman las familias, el sistema educativo, los poderes públicos y la sanidad, El test de la golosina cambiará la manera en que vemos cómo somos y cómo podemos llegar a ser. Reseña:«Un libro brillante que cambiará profundamente tu opinión sobre la naturaleza humana.»Daniel Kahneman Premio Nobel y autor de Pensar rápido, pensar despacio
Test Development and Validation
by Gary Edward SkaggsTest Development and Validation by Gary Skaggs summarizes the latest test theories, frameworks for test development and validation, and guidance for developing tests in straightforward language in one core text. Students looking for clear, concise explanations of measurement, validity, and test development within a real-world context and with numerous examples will find this book to be an excellent learning resource. Author Gary Skaggs takes years of experience teaching test development to graduate students across social and behavioral sciences and consulting on a wide variety of government and institutional research projects to offer students a thorough, jargon-free, and highly applied book to help propel their own research and careers. Part I of the book, The Big Picture, sets the stage for test development, placing it within the larger context and history of measurement, emphasizing measurement concepts and their evolution over time. Part II, Test Development, covers the technical details of instrument and test development in logical order. Validation, Part III, links the conceptual bases provided in Part I with the technical process provided in Part II to conclude the book. For those students wanting to go further, software suggestions are referenced in the technical chapters, while Further Reading sections offer the original sources for more details. Exercises and Activities at the end of each chapter provide students a variety of ways to apply their knowledge, from conceptual questions to brief project ideas to data analysis problems.
Test Development and Validation
by Gary Edward SkaggsTest Development and Validation by Gary Skaggs summarizes the latest test theories, frameworks for test development and validation, and guidance for developing tests in straightforward language in one core text. Students looking for clear, concise explanations of measurement, validity, and test development within a real-world context and with numerous examples will find this book to be an excellent learning resource. Author Gary Skaggs takes years of experience teaching test development to graduate students across social and behavioral sciences and consulting on a wide variety of government and institutional research projects to offer students a thorough, jargon-free, and highly applied book to help propel their own research and careers. Part I of the book, The Big Picture, sets the stage for test development, placing it within the larger context and history of measurement, emphasizing measurement concepts and their evolution over time. Part II, Test Development, covers the technical details of instrument and test development in logical order. Validation, Part III, links the conceptual bases provided in Part I with the technical process provided in Part II to conclude the book. For those students wanting to go further, software suggestions are referenced in the technical chapters, while Further Reading sections offer the original sources for more details. Exercises and Activities at the end of each chapter provide students a variety of ways to apply their knowledge, from conceptual questions to brief project ideas to data analysis problems.
Test Equating, Scaling, and Linking
by Michael J. Kolen Robert L. BrennanThis book provides an introduction to test equating, scaling and linking, including those concepts and practical issues that are critical for developers and all other testing professionals. In addition to statistical procedures, successful equating, scaling and linking involves many aspects of testing, including procedures to develop tests, to administer and score tests and to interpret scores earned on tests. Test equating methods are used with many standardized tests in education and psychology to ensure that scores from multiple test forms can be used interchangeably. Test scaling is the process of developing score scales that are used when scores on standardized tests are reported. In test linking, scores from two or more tests are related to one another. Linking has received much recent attention, due largely to investigations of linking similarly named tests from different test publishers or tests constructed for different purposes. In recent years, researchers from the education, psychology and statistics communities have contributed to the rapidly growing statistical and psychometric methodologies used in test equating, scaling and linking. In addition to the literature covered in previous editions, this new edition presents coverage of significant recent research. In order to assist researchers, advanced graduate students and testing professionals, examples are used frequently and conceptual issues are stressed. New material includes model determination in log-linear smoothing, in-depth presentation of chained linear and equipercentile equating, equating criteria, test scoring and a new section on scores for mixed-format tests. In the third edition, each chapter contains a reference list, rather than having a single reference list at the end of the volume The themes of the third edition include: * the purposes of equating, scaling and linking and their practical context * data collection designs * statistical methodology * designing reasonable and useful equating, scaling, and linking studies * importance of test development and quality control processes to equating * equating error, and the underlying statistical assumptions for equating
Test Fraud: Statistical Detection and Methodology (Routledge Research in Education)
by Neal M. Kingston Amy K. ClarkThere has been an increase in awareness (and perhaps occurrence) of individual and organized cheating on tests. Recent reports of widespread problems with state student accountability tests and teacher certification testing have raised questions about the very validity of assessment programs. While there are several books that specifically detail the issues of test security cheating on assessments, few outline the statistical procedures used for detecting various types of potential test fraud and the associated research findings. Without a significant research literature base, the new generation of researchers will have little opportunity or incentive to improve on existing methods. Enlisting a variety of experts and scholars in different fields of testing, this edited volume expands on the current literature base by including examples of detailed research findings arrived at by statistical methodology. It also provides a synthesis of the current state of the art with regard to the statistical detection of testing infidelity, particularly for large-scale assessments. By presenting methods currently used by testing organizations and research on new methods, the volume offers an important forum for expanding the literature in this area.
A Test of Morals: Surgical, Ethical, and Psychosocial Considerations in Human Head Transplantation
by L. Allen FurrWhile transplanting human heads is not a new concept, the idea has largely been relegated to religious lore or as a plot device in science fiction. But now, a surgical plan to perform the complex procedure exists, and though most physicians question head transplantation’s medical veracity, bioethicists have challenged the surgery on moral grounds. A Test of Morals compiles and examines the ethical questions that dog those who advocate for conducting this most radical of medical proposals in order to determine if society should move forward and allow head transplantation to occur. Current bioethical principles stand in opposition to head transplantation, causing a conflict of values rarely seen in medicine.
Test Theory: A Unified Treatment
by Roderick P. McDonaldThis book introduces the reader to the main quantitative concepts, methods, and computational techniques needed for the development, evaluation, and application of tests in the behavioral/social sciences, including educational tests. Two empirical examples are carried throughout to illustrate alternative methods. Other data sets are used for special illustrations. Self-contained programs for confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis are available on the Web. Intended for students of psychology, particularly educational psychology, as well as social science students interested in how tests are constructed and used, prerequisites include a course on statistics. The programs and data files for this book can be downloaded from www.psypress.com/test-theory/
Testimony and Witnessing in Psychoanalysis: A Literary and Philosophical Perspective
by Zipi Rosenberg SchipperIn this fascinating volume, Zipi Rosenberg Schipper approaches the fundamental topic of testimony, seeking to recognize its value as a distinct and vital function in psychoanalytic work, separate from its inherited importance to work on trauma. Rosenberg Schipper introduces a revivifying philosophical, linguistic and psychoanalytic approach to the act of testimony, focusing on the role of witnessing in daily life and the importance it has as a therapeutic tool in psychoanalytic and psychological therapy. Throughout, she pinpoints three key psychoanalytic theories on patient testimony. She begins by looking at Freud’s foundational work on testimony as a means of concealing the unconscious and the questions of credibility in the consulting room this creates before looking at Winnicottian and Kohutian theories, whereby therapists take everything the patient says as a definitive truth. She concludes by looking at the Intersubjective and Relational schools of thought, where the therapist assumes the role of witness. By providing a comprehensive overview of the conflicting theories on the topic, Rosenberg Schipper equips practicing psychoanalysts and analysts-in-training with the tools necessary to utilize this vital therapeutic device and engage with it in treatment for all patients.
Testing and Assessment in Counseling Practice (Contemporary Topics in Vocational Psychology Series)
by C. Edward Watkins Vicki L. CampbellThe primary purpose of this revision remains identical to that of the first edition--to show how key personality, cognitive/behavioral, and vocational tests/assessment procedures can be used by counselors in their work with clients. Too often, assessment books only provide the reader with information about tests and assessment procedures. They do not, however, take the next step--showing readers how these tests/assessment procedures can be used and integrated into the actual work of counseling. This revision is designed to fill that void. Chapter authors, all of whom are experts in their respective topic areas, share the theoretical and research backgrounds about a particular test/assessment procedure and then provide a case example or examples to show how assessment data can be meaningfully incorporated into the counseling process.
Testing Children's Development from Birth to School Age (Routledge Library Editions: Early Years)
by Charlotte Buehler Hildegard HetzerOriginally published in 1935, Testing Children's Development from Birth to School Age highlighted the greatly increased interest in measuring the development of pre-school children by other means than the older, inadequate "intelligence tests". In the early part of the twentieth century the work done at the Psychological Institute of the University of Vienna under the general direction of Dr Karl Buehler had become favourably known throughout Europe and the United States. This was also especially true of the studies in child psychology directed by the authors Dr Charlotte Buehler and her one-time assistant, Dr Hildegard Hetzer. The book contains developmental tests for the first six years of life; techniques for testing small children; information on the construction of tests and the evaluation their results. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
Testing Second Language Speaking (Applied Linguistics and Language Study)
by Glenn FulcherThe testing and assessment of second language learners is an essential part of the language learning process. Glenn Fulcher's Testing Second Language Speaking is a state-of-the-art volume that considers the assessment of speaking from historical, theoretical and practical perspectives.The book offers the first systematic, comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of the testing of second language speaking. Written in a clear and accessible manner, it covers: Explanations of the process of test design Costing test design projects How to put the test into practice Evaluation of speaking tests Task types for testing speaking Testing learners with disabilities It also contains a wealth of examples, including task types that are commonly used in speaking tests, approaches to researching speaking tests and specific methodologies that teachers, students and test developers may use in their own projects. Successfully integrating practice and theory, this book demystifies the process of testing speaking and provides a thorough treatment of the key ethical and technical issues in speaking evaluation.
Testing Times: The Uses and Abuses of Assessment
by Gordon StobartAssessment dominates our lives but its good intentions often produce negative consequences. An example that is central to this book is how current forms of assessment encourage shallow ‘for-the-test’ learning. It is true to say that as the volume of assessment increases, confidence in what it represents is diminishing. This book seeks to reclaim assessment as a constructive activity which can encourage deeper learning. To do this the purpose, and fitness-for–purpose, of assessments have to be clear. Gordon Stobart critically examines five issues that currently have high-profile status: intelligence testing learning skills accountability the ‘diploma disease’ formative assessment Stobart explains that these form the basis for the argument that we must generate assessments which, in turn, encourage deep and lifelong learning. This book raises controversial questions about current uses of assessment and provides a framework for understanding them. It will be of great interest to teaching professionals involved in further study, and to academics and researchers in the field.
The Testosterone Files: My Hormonal and Social Transformation from Female to Male
by Max Wolf ValerioYoung Anita Valerio, radical lesbian feminist, poet and performance artist realizes she is transsexual and begins testosterone hormone treatment as the first stage of transitioning to the male gender and renaming herself Max Wolf Valerio. This autobiography follows Valerio from childhood into his mid 30's. He analyzes the differences between the genders that the roles of estrogen and testosterone play. As he transitions, he muses and compares various issues, such as authority, emotional intensity, territoriality, violence, social constructs, and intensity of sexual behaviors. This book is quite compelling both for the personal process and Valerio's ability to question normative male behaviors as he finds himself responding to both the testosterone and the male culture.
Testosterone Rex: Myths of Sex, Science, and Society
by Cordelia Fine“Goodbye, beliefs in sex differences disguised as evolutionary facts. Welcome the dragon slayer: Cordelia Fine wittily but meticulously lays bare the irrational arguments that we use to justify gender politics.”—Uta Frith, emeritus professor of cognitive development, University College London Many people believe that, at its core, biological sex is a fundamental, diverging force in human development. According to this overly familiar story, differences between the sexes are shaped by past evolutionary pressures—women are more cautious and parenting-focused, while men seek status to attract more mates. In each succeeding generation, sex hormones and male and female brains are thought to continue to reinforce these unbreachable distinctions, making for entrenched inequalities in modern society. In Testosterone Rex, psychologist Cordelia Fine wittily explains why past and present sex roles are only serving suggestions for the future, revealing a much more dynamic situation through an entertaining and well-documented exploration of the latest research that draws on evolutionary science, psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, and philosophy. She uses stories from daily life, scientific research, and common sense to break through the din of cultural assumptions. Testosterone, for instance, is not the potent hormonal essence of masculinity; the presumed, built-in preferences of each sex, from toys to financial risk taking, are turned on their heads. Moving beyond the old “nature versus nurture” debates, Testosterone Rex disproves ingrained myths and calls for a more equal society based on both sexes’ full, human potential.
Tests and Assessments in Counseling: A Case by Case Exploration
by Bill McHenry Kathryn C. MacCluskie Jim McHenryTests and Assessments in Counseling provides students with current information on assessment tools and techniques through detailed case scenarios and vignettes. Going beyond basic information about a multitude of assessments, the authors focus on the use of instruments in individual cases to allow readers to more fully grasp the integral relationship between tests and assessment data and the counseling process. Chapters guide students through choosing the most effective assessment tool, successfully administering the assessment, and making meaningful and useful results of the data with the client. Test questions are also included at the end of each chapter.