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The Natural Laws of Children: Why Children Thrive When We Understand How Their Brains Are Wired
by Celine AlvarezA powerful, neuroscience-based approach to revolutionize early childhood learning through natural creativity, strong human connections, spontaneous free play, and more.All children are born wired to learn and to love. As young children explore the world and interact with others, their brains can naturally develop in incredible ways. And yet, despite our best intentions, early education often fails to fully encourage this natural learning and empathy. The Natural Laws of Children draws on current research in childhood development to share powerful insights on how to enhance learning for all kids, regardless of income or access to resources. This book tells the story of Céline Alvarez’s pioneering work in early childhood education. Over three years in a low-income school, Alvarez’s students achieved exceptional results in math and reading, as well as outstanding social and emotional skills. The Natural Laws of Children shares, in a clear and accessible way, the main scientific principles that underpin human learning to revolutionize early childhood education by supporting strong human connections, spontaneous free play, and more.
The Natural Laws of Good Luck: A Memoir of an Unlikely Marriage
by Ellen GrafEllen is forty-six, divorced, and having no luck with personal ads when her Chinese girlfriend comes up with a plan: she has a brother in China, Zhong-hua, who's lonely too. Maybe they'd like each other? Taking a leap of faith that most of us wouldn't dare, Ellen travels to China to meet him. Though they speak only a few words of each other's language, there's an unspoken connection between them and they decide to marry.What follows is a remarkably touching and humorous story of two people from completely different worlds trying to make a marriage work. Settling in at Ellen's ramshackle farmhouse in upstate New York, they quickly discover the cultural chasm that lies between them. Ellen and her teenage daughter decide to adopt a policy of nonjudgment as Zhong-hua lobbies to sell their refrigerator ("Just three people, no need"), serves them giant sea slugs for dinner, and brusquely nudges Ellen aside without an "excuse me" ("Family no need these kind of words").Zhong-hua is not the type to offer his wife impromptu smiles or hugs, but in bed at night he holds her tightly like she's "something long lost and precious that might not live until morning." The Natural Laws of Good Luck is an unusual and exquisitely written love story--one that will resonate with anyone who has ever contemplated with wonder the spaces that exist between us and those we care about.
The Natural Method: Essays on Mind, Ethics, and Self in Honor of Owen Flanagan
by Eddy Nahmias, Thomas W. Polger, and Wenqing ZhaoProminent philosophers explore themes in the work of Owen Flanagan, focusing on debates about the nature of mind, the self, and morality.Owen Flanagan's work offers a model for how to be a naturalistic and scientifically informed philosopher who writes beautifully and deeply about topics as varied as consciousness and Buddhism, moral psychology and dreaming, identity and addiction, literature and neuroscience. In this volume, leading philosophers--Flanagan's friends, colleagues, and former students--explore themes in his work, focusing on debates over the nature of mind, the self, and morality. Some contributors address Flanagan's work directly; others are inspired by his work or methodology. Their essays are variously penetrating and synoptic, cautious and speculative.
The Natural Rider: A Right-brain Approach To Riding
by Mary WanlessOutlines new techniques and methods for improving horsemanship through an "inner game" approach combining elements of Zen philosophy, visualization techniques, and sports psychology
The Natural Way of Things: From the Booker Prize-shortlisted author of Stone Yard Devotional
by Charlotte WoodFrom the author of the Booker Prize-shortlisted novel Stone Yard Devotional'Savage: think Atwood in the outback'PAULA HAWKINS'An unforgettable reading experience'LIANE MORIARTY'Ferocious . . . recalls the early Elena Ferrante'NPR'A masterpiece'GUARDIAN'Devastating' ECONOMISTShe hears her own thick voice deep inside her ears when she says, 'I need to know where I am.'The man stands there, tall and narrow, hand still on the doorknob, surprised.He says, almost in sympathy, 'Oh, sweetie. You need to know what you are.'"Two women awaken from a drugged sleep to find themselves imprisoned in a broken-down property in the middle of a desert.Strangers to each other, they have no idea where they are or how they came to be there with eight other girls, their heads shaved, guarded by two inept yet vicious jailers.Doing hard labour under a sweltering sun, the prisoners soon learn what links them: in each girl's past is a sexual scandal with a powerful man.They pray for rescue but as the hours turn into days and the days into weeks and months, it becomes clear only the girls can rescue themselves.Praise for Charlotte Wood's Stone Yard DevotionalShortlisted for the Booker Prize 2024 'A beautiful, mature work that does not flinch from life'SUNDAY TIMES'A transfixing novel'FINANCIAL TIMES'A book about what it means to be good: simply and with great humility, it asks the big questions, leaving the reader feeling kinder, more brave, enlarged'ANNE ENRIGHT'I have rarely been so absorbed by a novel . . . A powerful, generous book'GUARDIAN
The Naturalness of Religious Ideas: A Cognitive Theory of Religion
by Pascal BoyerWhy do people have religious ideas? And why thosereligious ideas? The main theme of Pascal Boyer's work is that important aspects of religious representations are constrained by universal properties of the human mind-brain. Experimental results from developmental psychology, he says, can explain why certain religious representations are more likely to be acquired, stored, and transmitted by human minds. Considering these universal constraints, Boyer proposes an exciting new answer to the question of why similar religious representations are found in so many different cultures. His work will be widely discussed by cultural anthropologists, psychologists, and students of religion, history, and philosophy.
The Nature Of Laughter (International Library Of Psychology Ser.)
by Gregory, J CFirst Published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Nature Principle: Human Restoration and the End of Nature-Deficit Disorder
by Richard LouvIn this book the author argues that a strong connection to nature is essential for human health. Supported by research, anecdotal evidence, and personal stories, the author shows how tapping into the restorative powers of the natural world can boost mental acuity and creativity; promote health and wellness; build smarter and more sustainable businesses, communities, and economies; and ultimately strengthen human bonds. He outlines seven precepts he calls the "Nature Principle", which include balancing technology excess with time in nature; a mind/body/nature connection, which he calls "vitamin N," that enhances physical and mental health; expanding our sense of community to include all living things; and purposefully developing a spiritual, psychological, physical attachment to a region and its natural history.
The Nature and Challenges of Indigenous Psychologies (Elements in Psychology and Culture)
by Carl Martin AllwoodThe indigenous psychologies (IPs) stress the importance of research being grounded in the conditions and culture of the researcher's own society due to the dominance of Western culture in mainstream psychology. The nature and challenges of the IPs are discussed from the perspectives of science studies and anthropology of knowledge (the study of human understanding in its social context). The Element describes general social conditions for the development of science and the IPs globally, and their development and form in some specific countries. Next, some more specific issues relating to the IPs are discussed. These issues include the nature of the IPs, scientific standards, type of culture concept favored, views on the philosophy of science, understanding of mainstream psychology, generalization of findings, and the IPs' isolation and independence. Finally, conclusions are drawn, for example with respect to the future of the IPs.
The Nature and Development of Decision-making: A Self-regulation Model
by James P. ByrnesAlthough everyone has goals, only some people successfully attain their respective goals on a regular basis. With this in mind, the author attempts to answer the question of why some people are more successful than others. He begins with the assumption that the key to personal success is effective decision-making, and then utilizes his own theory--The Self-Regulation Model--to explain the origin and nature of individual differences in decision-making competence. The author also summarizes a number of existing models of decision-making and risk-taking. This book has two primary goals: * to provide a comprehensive review of the developmental literature on the decision-making skills of children, adolescents, and adults, and * to propose a theoretical model of decision-making skill that offers a better description of this skill than prior accounts. Taken together, the literature review and theoretical model help the reader acquire a clear sense of the development of decision-making skills as well as reasons for the developmental differences that seem to emerge.
The Nature and Development of Mathematics: Cross Disciplinary Perspectives on Cognition, Learning and Culture
by John Adams Alex Mesoudi Patrick BarmbyFrom an infant’s first grasp of quantity to Einstein’s theory of relativity, the human experience of number has intrigued researchers for centuries. Numeracy and mathematics have played fundamental roles in the development of societies and civilisations, and yet there is an essential mystery to these concepts, evidenced by the fear many people still feel when confronted by apparently simple sums. Including perspectives from anthropology, education and psychology, The Nature and Development of Mathematics addresses three core questions: Is maths natural? What is the impact of our culture and environment on mathematical thinking? And how can we improve our mathematical ability? Examining the cognitive processes that we use, the origins of these skills and their cultural context, and how learning and teaching can be supported in the classroom, the book contextualises each issue within the wider field, arguing that only by taking a cross-disciplinary perspective can we fully understand what it means to be numerate, as well as how we become numerate in our modern world. This is a unique collection including contributions from a range of renowned international researchers. It will be of interest to students and researchers across cognitive psychology, cultural anthropology and educational research.
The Nature and Function of Intuitive Thought and Decision Making
by Lauri JärvilehtoThis book focuses on the very nature and function of intuitive thought. It presents an up-to-date scientific model on how the non-conscious and intuitive thought processes work in human beings. The model is based on mainstream theorizing on intuition, as well as qualitative meta-analysis of the empirical data available in the research literature. It combines recent work in the fields of philosophy of mind, cognitive psychology and positive psychology. While systematic research in intuition is relatively new, there is an abundance of positions advocating more or less imaginative ideas of what intuition is about, ranging from quantum mechanical phenomena to new age ideologies. Research in the past few decades, in particular by proponents of the dual processing theory of thought such as Daniel Kahneman and Jonathan Evans, offers powerful tools to address and evaluate the question of intuition without the need to resort to spiritual entities. Within the framework of the dual processing theory, backed up by findings in positive psychology, intuition turns out to be the capacity to carry out complex cognitive operations within a specific domain of operations familiar to the agent.
The Nature and Nurture of Love: From Imprinting to Attachment in Cold War America
by Marga VicedoThe notion that maternal care and love will determine a childOCOs emotional well-being and future personality has become ubiquitous. In countless stories and movies we find that the problems of the protagonistsOCoanything from the fear of romantic commitment to serial killingOCostem from their troubled relationships with their mothers during childhood. How did we come to hold these views about the determinant power of mother love over an individualOCOs emotional development? And what does this vision of mother love entail for children and mothers?aaaaaaaaaaaIn "The Nature and Nurture of Love," Marga Vicedo examines scientific views about childrenOCOs emotional needs and mother love from World War II until the 1970s, paying particular attention to John BowlbyOCOs ethological theory of attachment behavior. Vicedo tracks the development of BowlbyOCOs work as well as the interdisciplinary research that he used to support his theory, including Konrad LorenzOCOs studies of imprinting in geese, Harry HarlowOCOs experiments with monkeys, and Mary AinsworthOCOs observations of children and mothers in Uganda and the United States. VicedoOCOs historical analysis reveals that important psychoanalysts and animal researchers opposed the project of turning emotions into biological instincts. Despite those criticisms, she argues that attachment theory was paramount in turning mother love into a biological need. This shift introduced a new justification for the prescriptive role of biology in human affairs and had profoundOCoand negativeOCoconsequences for mothers and for the valuation of mother love.
The Nature and Nurture of Talent: A New Foundation for Human Excellence
by David Yun DaiPrepare for a captivating journey into the depths of human potential and excellence in this scholarly work. Within these pages, discover evolving complexity theory (ECT), a unified theory of talent development that integrates a rich body of research and explores a wide array of talent-related phenomena. This theory challenges conventional wisdom, shifting the focus from genetics and environmental factors to the dynamic interplay of self-organized development and real-time person–environment interactions. This book provides a practical roadmap, emphasizing actions over genetic determinants, guiding readers toward the attainment of higher levels of excellence. Departing from traditional perspectives, Dr. Dai envisions human development as a self-organized journey toward higher coherence, reframing talent development as active participation in sociocultural activities from which one's individuality evolves, and directions and purposes are crystalized. Written in an engaging and narrative style, this work is essential reading for researchers, students, and professionals seeking a deeper understanding of human potential.
The Nature and Ontogenesis of Meaning (Psychology Revivals)
by Willis F. Overton David S. PalermoThroughout its evolution, Piaget's theory has placed meaning at the center of all attempts to understand the nature and development of knowing. For Piaget, all knowing – whether sensorimotor, representational, or reasoned, and whether directed toward successful problem solutions or toward general understanding – is necessarily a construction which arises out of meaning making activity. It was in this context that the editors of this volume, originally published in 1994, approached the board of directors of the Jean Piaget Society with a proposal to organize a recent annual symposium around the topic of the nature and development of meaning. In forming this symposium and in moving from symposium to integrated text, the editors wanted to insure both a breadth and depth to the analysis of the topic. Addressing philosophical, theoretical, and empirical perspectives, this issue-oriented volume provides an integrated exploration of the current understanding of the nature and development of meaning. Contemporary issues that frame alternative understandings of the nature of meaning – nativist vs. constructivist positions, and computational vs. embodied mind contexts – are examined as they impact on the investigation of meaning. Comparative, cognitive, and linguistic developmental dimensions of meaning are described and discussed.
The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion
by John R. ZallerIn this 1992 book John Zaller develops a comprehensive theory to explain how people acquire political information from elites and the mass media and convert it into political preferences. Using numerous specific examples, Zaller applies this theory to the dynamics of public opinion on a broad range of subjects, including domestic and foreign policy, trust in government, racial equality, and presidential approval, as well as voting behaviour in U. S. House, Senate, and presidential elections. The thoery is constructed from four basic premises. The first is that individuals differ substantially in their attention to politics and therefore in their exposure to elite sources of political information. The second is that people react critically to political communication only to the extent that they are knowledgeable about political affairs. The third is that people rarely have fixed attitudes on specific issues; rather, they construct 'preference statements' on the fly as they confront each issue raised. The fourth is that, in constructing these statements, people make the greatest use of ideas that are, for various reasons, the most immediately salient to them. Zaller emphasizes the role of political elites in establishing the terms of political discourse in the mass media and the powerful effect of this framing of issues on the dynamics of mass opinion on any given issue over time.
The Nature and Treatment of Stammering (Psychology Revivals)
by E. J. Boome M. A. RichardsonFirst published in 1931, The Nature and Treatment of Stammering looks at the theories and causes of stammering as they were understood at the time. It looks at the various treatments available, exposing those ‘quack’ remedies that are unlikely to work and may make things worse. Then goes on to describe new treatments with proven successful outcomes. Today it can be read in its historical context.This book is a re-issue originally published in 1931. The language used is a reflection of its era and no offence is meant by the Publishers to any reader by this re-publication.
The Nature of Adolescence (Adolescence and Society)
by John C. ColemanThe fourth edition of this successful textbook provides an up-to-date introduction to all of the key features of adolescent development. While drawing on the North American literature on adolescence, it highlights European perspectives and also provides unique coverage of the topic by summarising and reviewing what is known about adolescence from a British viewpoint. Comprehensively updated and rewritten, this edition includes material on new topics such as: The development of the adolescent brain Sleep patterns in adolescence Parenting programmes for parents of teenagers Health, including sport and exercise, nutrition and obesity, and mental health Education and schooling Young people’s use of digital technologies New approaches to resilience and coping. The book places a particular emphasis on a positive view of adolescence, and the author develops a new theoretical perspective which looks at how young people themselves construct and shape their own developmental pathways. Interview material taken from discussions with adolescents is included throughout the book, and there are sample essay questions and PowerPoint lecture slides available online. This is an essential text for anyone studying human development at undergraduate and postgraduate level, as well as on postgraduate courses for professionals including teachers, social workers, health workers, counsellors, and youth workers.
The Nature of Concepts: Evolution, Structure and Representation (Frontiers of Cognitive Science #Vol. 2)
by Philip Van LoockeThe Nature of Concepts examines a central issue for all the main disciplines in cognitive science: how the human mind creates and passes on to other human minds a concept. An excellent cross-disciplinary collection with contributors including Steven Pinker, Andy Clarke and Henry Plotkin.
The Nature of Expertise
by Robert Glaser Michelene T.H. Chi M. J. FarrDue largely to developments made in artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology during the past two decades, expertise has become an important subject for scholarly investigations. The Nature of Expertise displays the variety of domains and human activities to which the study of expertise has been applied, and reflects growing attention on learning and the acquisition of expertise. Applying approaches influenced by such disciplines as cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science, the contributors discuss those conditions that enhance and those that limit the development of high levels of cognitive skill.
The Nature of Expertise in Professional Acting: A Cognitive View (Expertise: Research and Applications Series)
by Helga NoiceFor nearly 25 years, expertise has been considered an important testing ground for theories of cognition. Cognitive scientists have examined experts as diverse as chess masters, waiters, field-hockey players, and computer programmers. Recently, increased attention has been given to the arts, including dance, music appreciation and performance, and literary analysis. It is therefore somewhat surprising that--except for the authors' program of research dating from the late 1980s--virtually no studies on the cognitive processes of professional actors can be found in the literature. These experts not only routinely memorize hours of verbal material in a very short time, but they retrieve it verbatim along with the accompanying gestures, movements, thoughts, and emotions of the characters. The mental processes involved in this task constitute the subject of this recent research and are described in detail in this book.
The Nature of Fear: Survival Lessons From The Wild
by Daniel T. BlumsteinA leading expert in animal behavior takes us into the wild to better understand and manage our fears.Fear, honed by millions of years of natural selection, kept our ancestors alive. Whether by slithering away, curling up in a ball, or standing still in the presence of a predator, humans and other animals have evolved complex behaviors in order to survive the hazards the world presents. But, despite our evolutionary endurance, we still have much to learn about how to manage our response to danger.For more than thirty years, Daniel Blumstein has been studying animals’ fear responses. His observations lead to a firm conclusion: fear preserves security, but at great cost. A foraging flock of birds expends valuable energy by quickly taking flight when a raptor appears. And though the birds might successfully escape, they leave their food source behind. Giant clams protect their valuable tissue by retracting their mantles and closing their shells when a shadow passes overhead, but then they are unable to photosynthesize, losing the capacity to grow. Among humans, fear is often an understandable and justifiable response to sources of threat, but it can exact a high toll on health and productivity.Delving into the evolutionary origins and ecological contexts of fear across species, The Nature of Fear considers what we can learn from our fellow animals—from successes and failures. By observing how animals leverage alarm to their advantage, we can develop new strategies for facing risks without panic.
The Nature of Grief: The Evolution and Psychology of Reactions to Loss
by John ArcherThe Nature of Grief is a provocative new study on the evolution of grief. Most literature on the topic regards grief either as a psychiatric disorder or illness to be cured. In contrast to this, John Archer shows that grief is a natural reaction to losses of many sorts, even to the death of a pet, and he proves this by bringing together material from evolutionary psychology, ethology and experimental psychology.This innovative new work will be required reading for developmental and clinical psychologists and all those in the caring professions.
The Nature of Human Creativity
by Robert J. Sternberg James C. KaufmanThis book provides an overview of the approaches of leading scholars to understanding the nature of creativity, its measurement, its investigation, its development, and its importance to society. <P><P>The authors are the twenty-four psychological scientists who are most frequently cited in the four major textbooks on creativity, and they can thus be considered among the most eminent living scholars in the field. <P>Authors discuss how they define creativity, the kinds of questions they have addressed, theories they have proposed, and a description of their research and the most interesting empirical results it has produced. The chapters represent a wide range of substantive and methodological emphases, including psychometric, cognitive, expertise-based, developmental, neuropsychological, cultural, systems, and group-difference approaches. <P>The Nature of Human Creativity brings together an incredible diversity of viewpoints, helping students and researchers to see the points of consensus as well as the differences in contemporary perspectives.<P>The authors are the most commonly cited in the major texts in the field, allowing readers to learn from the research of the leaders in the field.<P> Each chapter author answers a standardized list of questions, making the volume easy to navigate.<P> A wide variety of approaches to human creativity are presented, helping readers to see the points of consensus and differences in perspective within the field.
The Nature of Human Intelligence: The Impact Of Tools On The Nature And Development Of Human Abilities (Educational Psychology Ser.)
by Robert J. SternbergThe study of human intelligence features many points of consensus, but there are also many different perspectives. In this unique book Robert J. Sternberg invites the nineteen most highly cited psychological scientists in the leading textbooks on human intelligence to share their research programs and findings. Each chapter answers a standardized set of questions on the measurement, investigation, and development of intelligence - and the outcome represents a wide range of substantive and methodological emphases including psychometric, cognitive, expertise-based, developmental, neuropsychological, genetic, cultural, systems, and group-difference approaches. This is an exciting and valuable course book for upper-level students to learn from the originators of the key contemporary ideas in intelligence research about how they think about their work and about the field.