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Structuralism (Psychology Revivals)
by Jean PiagetOriginally published in English in 1971, structuralism was an increasingly important method of analysis in disciplines as diverse as mathematics, physics, biology, psychology, linguistics, sociology, anthropology and philosophy. Piaget here offers both a definitive introduction to the method and a brilliant critique of the principal structuralist positions. He explains and evaluates the work of the main people at work in the field – Claude Lévi-Strauss, Michel Foucault, Talcott Parsons, Noam Chomsky – and concludes that structuralism has a rich and fruitful future ahead of it. An indispensable work for serious students and working scholars in almost every field, the book is also an important addition to Piaget’s life-long study of the relationship of language and thought.
Structure and Dynamics of Asymmetric Interactions
by Naohito ChinoThis book integrates the fundamentals of asymmetric multidimensional scaling, spectral graph theory, graph embedding theory, and various dynamical systems theories, that deal with the static and dynamic aspects of asymmetric phenomena. In this way, it provides a comprehensive introduction to theories and methods for analyzing phenomena observed universally in social, behavioral, economical, geographical, biological, neural, chemical reaction and other networks. The topics addressed in here include the notions of asymmetric similarity matrices, graph spectra, dimension reduction, and difference and differential equations to describe the dynamics of networks, bifurcation of vector fields, Mandelbrot sets, fractals and chaos, and Hilbert spaces. Illustrated by carefully chosen examples and supported by extensive simulation studies, the book is highly recommended to readers who seek to discover static asymmetric structures among members or nodes. It also appeals to those who want to understand the kinds of dynamics that are theoretically possible in their research domains.
The Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche: Structure And Dynamics Of The Psyche (Collected Works of C. G. Jung #47)
by C. G. JungThe Structure and Dynamics of the Psyche first appeared in the Collected Works in 1960. In this new edition bibliographical citations and entries have been revised in the light of subsequent publications in the Collected Works, and essential corrections have been made. The book traces an important line of development in Jung's thought from 1912 onwards. The earliest of the papers elaborates Freud's concept of sexual libido into that of psychic energy. In those that follow we see how, Jung, discarding one by one the traditional 'philosophical' hypotheses, gradually arrived at a concept which is even more controversial than psychic energy was in its day ^DDL namely, psychic reality. The book contains the first mention of the archetype in Jung's writings as well as his later views on its nature. There is also a valuable account of the therapeutic uses of 'active imagination' first described in an essay written in 1916.
Structure and Improvisation in Creative Teaching
by R. Keith Sawyer"With an increasing emphasis on creativity and innovation in the twenty-first century, teachers need to be creative professionals just as students must learn to be creative. And yet, schools are institutions with many important structures and guidelines that teachers must follow. Effective creative teaching strikes a delicate balance between structure and improvisation. The authors draw on studies of jazz, theater improvisation, and dance improvisation to demonstrate that the most creative performers work within similar structures and guidelines. By looking to these creative genres, the book provides practical advice for teachers who wish to become more creative professionals"--
The Structure and Measurement of Intelligence
by Hans EysenckWhat is meant by the term "intelligence" and, once de- fined, how do we go about achieving a valid measurement of this faculty? This classic textbook, originally published in 1979, and now reissued with a new preface by Sybil Eysenck, incorporates a broad range of findings and reanalyzes much of the existing literature in this area. In The Structure and Measurement of Intelligence, Hans Eysenck draws on methods for determining the effect of genetics and environment on the development of intelligence and examines the validity of the term as defined in relation to internal as well as external criteria. He tests a number of hypotheses on intelligence against empirical research findings and considers various criticisms in detail. The significance of intelligence and its measurement in society are explored in depth. Eysenck greatly expands upon such questions as: Does IQ measure intelligence? How valid is the nature versus nurture argument? and, How might socioeconomic status influence one's intelligence? Designed primarily for students and scholars in psychology and education, this text will make thought-provoking reading for all concerned with the development and measurement of intelligence in the individual.
Structure and Spontaneity in Clinical Prose: A writer's guide for psychoanalysts and psychotherapists
by Suzi NaiburgStructure and Spontaneity in Clinical Prose will teach you to read gifted writers for inspiration and practical lessons in the craft of writing; apply the principles and techniques of the paradigmatic, narrative, lyric narrative, evocative, and enactive modes of clinical prose; and put what you learn immediately into practice in eighty-four writing exercises. Each of the five modes uses different means to construct worlds out of language. The paradigmatic abstracts ideas from experience to build concepts and theories. The narrative mode organizes experience through time, creating meaningful relationships between causes and effects. Lyric narratives present events unfolding in an uncertain present. The evocative mode works by invitation and suggestion, and the enactive mode creates an experience to be lived as well as thought. Structure and Spontaneity is fundamentally a book about reading and writing in new and different ways. It is an invaluable resource for new and experienced psychoanalysts and psychotherapists and for students, teachers, editors, and writers in the humanities and social sciences.
Structure in Thought and Feeling (Psychology Library Editions: Emotion)
by Susan AylwinHow does a person’s way of thinking influence their personality, their values and their choice of career? In this important study, originally published in 1985, Susan Aylwin uses such questions as a starting point for elucidating the relationship between thought and feeling. Three modes of thought are compared in detail: inner speech, visual imagery and enactive imagery – the last being an important addition to our understanding of mental representations. The structural characteristics of all three types are analysed using an association technique. Their affective aspects are then explored through a variety of means, including the analysis of daydreams, an examination of the evaluative complements of categorizing, the study of cognitive style, an exploration of such social feelings as embarrassment, and the experiential study of strong emotion. The author ends by integrating her findings, showing how thought and feeling are related aspects of the temporal organization of consciousness. Structure in Thought and Feeling is written in a lively and accessible style, and brings a refreshing perspective to many issues of central concern to psychologists interested in cognition, emotion, personality and psychotherapy.
The Structure of Conflict
by Clyde H. Coombs George S. AvruninA theory that attempts to bring order to the chaotic variety of conflict usually begins by distinguishing types of conflict and formulating general explanatory principles that relate and integrate them. In contrast to traditional methods, this book describes and explores the structural aspects of different types of conflicts, and discusses the important implications involved for both choosing and achieving methods for resolving conflict. Two important facets of conflict structure are recognized: the individuals involved and the behavioral principles that govern them; and the existence of options and their structural relation. This monograph will be of interest to researchers and practitioners of conflict resolution, such as mediators, lawyers, diplomats, counselors and psychologists, and students in experimental and social psychology, labor relations, poilitical science and law.
The Structure of Human Abilities (Psychology Revivals)
by Philip E. VernonFirst published in 1950, this revised edition of The Structure of Human Abilities was published in 1961, but remained largely unchanged from the original save for an additional supplement on the developments in factorial work on human abilities from 1950-1959. Much research had been carried out during the years leading up to publication, in England and America, into mental abilities; and modern methods of statistical treatment, especially factor analysis, had been increasingly used. It was felt that the mass of diverse material was apt to confuse the student of psychology of the time, especially as the results of such research were often apparently conflicting. Professor Vernon, one of the leading experts in this branch of psychology, sifted the material and attempted to provide a consistent picture of our mental structure.
The Structure of Human Personality (Psychology Revivals)
by H.J. EysenckOriginally published in 1953, this third edition was first published in 1970. It was one of the early attempts at bringing together theories of personality organisation and finding empirical evidence to test their hypotheses. This third edition includes additional chapters and updated references to current research of the time. It is a particular feature of this book that a large number of figures are reproduced in the text; this is essentially a consequence of the writer’s belief that diagrammatic representations are better suited to the transmitting and remembering of information than are words or numbers. The first chapter outlines the theories and discusses some of their implications, the second and third look at methods of analysis and projective techniques, while the rest of the book is devoted to a critical presentation of the evidence, arranged according to the technique employed – rating, self-rating, objective testing, constitutional assessment, autonomic measurement, and so on. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
The Structure of Learning: From Sign Stimuli To Sign Language
by R. Allen Gardner Beatrix GardnerDrawing together research and theory in ethology and psychology, this book offers a clear and provocative account of the ways in which living organisms learn. Throughout, the authors' focus is on the importance of operational definition. In lively prose, describing experiments in enough depth to involve readers in the drama of experimental method, they recount the history of scientists' attempts to answer basic questions, and show how one study builds on another. Although they present the major traditional positions, they demand that readers examine actual evidence, recognize weaknesses, and consider alternatives. This critical process leads to the delineation of a bottom up, feed forward model in contrast to the traditional top down, feed backward one. Recent research in robotics and fuzzy logic suggests ways in which artificial as well as living systems pursue bottom up, feed forward ethological solutions to practical problems. The authors' extended discussion of their exciting work teaching sign language to chimpanzees vividly illustrates the application of the basic principles of learning elucidated in the book.
The Structure of Long-term Memory: A Connectivity Model of Semantic Processing
by Wolfgang KlimeschHow is information stored and retrieved from long-term memory? It is argued that any systematic attempt to answer this question should be based on a particular set of specific representational assumptions that have led to the development of a new memory theory -- the connectivity model. One of the crucial predictions of this model is that, in sharp contrast to traditional theories, the speed of processing information increases as the amount and complexity of integrated knowledge increases. In this volume, the predictions of the model are examined by analyzing the results of a variety of different experiments and by studying the outcome of the simulation program CONN1, which illustrates the representation of complex semantic structures. In the final chapter, the representational assumptions of the connectivity model are evaluated on the basis of neuroanatomical and physiological evidence -- suggesting that neuroscience provides valuable knowledge which should guide the development of memory theories.
The Structure of Magic (Volume #1)
by Richard Bandler John GrinderThese seminal works in neurolinguistic programming (NLP) help therapists understand how people create inner models of the world to represent their experience and guide their behavior. Volume I describes the Meta Model, a framework for comprehending the structure of language; Volume II applies NLP theory to nonverbal communication.
The Structure of Magic II
by John Grinder Richard BandlerThese seminal works in neurolinguistic programming (NLP) help therapists understand how people create inner models of the world to represent their experience and guide their behavior. Volume I describes the Meta Model, a framework for comprehending the structure of language; Volume II applies NLP theory to nonverbal communication.
The Structure of Psychological Common Sense
by Jan SmedslundPsychologic is a formal system and relationship within which psychological processes are defined. The language people ordinarily use to formulate, think, and talk about psychological phenomena is organized by Jan Smedslund into a set of propositions aimed at identifying the generalities which underlie human behavior. In this way, psychologic illuminates the conceptual system of psychology embedded in ordinary language. This book continues Professor Smedslund's search for stable theoretical structures to explain the meanings that are part of all psychological investigation.
The Structure of Spoken Language
by Philippe MartinUsing an innovative approach, this book focuses on a widely debated area of phonetics and phonology: intonation, and specifically its relation to metrics, its interface with syntax, and whether it can be attributed more to phonetics or phonology, or equally to both. Drawing on data from six Romance languages (French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan and Romanian), whose rich intonation patterns have long been of interest to linguists, J-Philippe Martin challenges the assumptions of traditional phonological approaches, and re-evaluates the data in favour of a new usage-based model of intonation. He proposes a unified description of the sentence prosodic structure, focusing on the dynamic and cognitive aspects of both production and perception of intonation in speech, leading to a unified grammar of Romance languages' sentence intonation. This book will be welcomed by researchers and advanced students in phonetics and phonology.
Structured Exercises for Promoting Family and Group Strengths: A Handbook for Group Leaders, Trainers, Educators, Counselors, and Therapists
by Terry S Trepper Glen H Jennings Ronnie McmanusThis handbook for professionals presents an array of techniques for teaching and reinforcing social skills for successful relationships. It contains over 70 new structured exercises that can be used to help individuals, dyads, families, and groups become happier in their relationships. The exercises come complete with step-by-step instructions for easy use. Structured Exercises for Promoting Family and Group Strengths is a goldmine of resources for group leaders and counselors. You can use it in planning and conducting workshops and retreats or for working with individuals or families in counseling. The book saves you time and energy as each exercise is accompanied by suggestions for procedures, variations, and trainer's notes. The exercises, which have all been field tested with a variety of audiences, are grouped into six broad categories:Icebreakers introduce people to the subject of group dynamics and to each other in a workshop setting.Assessors help people assess relationships and gain insight for constructive change.Dyad/couple discussion starters facilitate communication and open dialogue for dyads who find themselves in dysfunctional situations.Group/family discussion starters strengthen communication within groups or families and increase understanding of how the group functions.Enhancers aid in the development of positive regard of self and others.Energizers perk up the group or family when fatigue occurs.The exercises provide an experiential approach to learning in which each participant is actively and creatively involved. Readers will find that these relationship-enhancing exercises offer a catalyst for dramatic change in the lives of individuals, dyads, families, and groups. Structured Exercises for Promoting Family and Group Strengths is a valuable sourcebook of ideas for use by persons in the helping professions, including counselors, psychologists, marriage and family therapists, social workers, chaplains, corrections officers, and educators.<
Structured Literacy Interventions: Teaching Students with Reading Difficulties, Grades K-6 (The Guilford Series on Intensive Instruction)
by Louise Spear-SwerlingComprehensive and evidence-based, Structured Literacy (SL) approaches place a high value on explicit, systematic, and sequential instruction. This book brings together leading experts to present a wealth of SL interventions for different components of literacy. Chapters describe instructional strategies for supporting phonological awareness, basic and multisyllabic word decoding, spelling, reading fluency, vocabulary, oral and reading comprehension, and written expression, especially for at-risk readers and those with disabilities. Including case studies, sample intervention activities, lesson plans, and end-of-chapter application activities, the book contains reproducible tools that can be downloaded and printed in a convenient 8½&“ x 11&” size. An NCTQ Exemplary Text for Reading Instruction See also Louise Spear-Swerling's authored volume, The Structured Literacy Planner: Designing Interventions for Common Reading Difficulties, Grades 1–9, which provides blueprints for tailoring interventions based on a learner's reading profile.
The Structured Literacy Planner: Designing Interventions for Common Reading Difficulties, Grades 1-9
by Louise Spear-SwerlingStructured Literacy (SL) approaches are increasingly recognized as the gold standard for teaching struggling readers. This highly practical book walks educators through designing SL interventions for students with common types of reading difficulties--word reading, comprehension, or a combination of both. Louise Spear-Swerling offers tools for assessing students' reading profiles and tailoring SL to their needs. In a convenient large-size format, the volume is packed with case studies, sample lesson plans addressing both early and advanced stages of reading, instructional activities, and application exercises for teachers. A chapter on English language structure presents essential foundations for implementing SL effectively. The companion website features a knowledge survey about language structure (with answer key), as well as downloadable copies of the book's 14 reproducible forms. See also Louise Spear-Swerling's edited volume, Structured Literacy Interventions: Teaching Students with Reading Difficulties, Grades K–6, which surveys SL interventions across all components of literacy.
Structures Mères: Semantics, Mathematics, and Cognitive Science (Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics #57)
by Alberto Peruzzi Silvano Zipoli CaianiThis book reports on cutting-edge concepts related to Bourbaki’s notion of structures mères. It merges perspectives from logic, philosophy, linguistics and cognitive science, suggesting how they can be combined with Bourbaki’s mathematical structuralism in order to solve foundational, ontological and epistemological problems using a novel category-theoretic approach. By offering a comprehensive account of Bourbaki’s structuralism and answers to several important questions that have arisen in connection with it, the book provides readers with a unique source of information and inspiration for future research on this topic.
The Structures of Love: Art and Politics beyond the Transference (SUNY series, Insinuations: Philosophy, Psychoanalysis, Literature)
by James PenneyBoth Freud and Lacan defined the transference as the ego's last stand—its final desperate attempt to keep the truth of the unconscious at bay. Both also viewed the transference as a social phenomenon.In The Structures of Love James Penney argues that transference is the concept with which psychoanalysis thinks through the unconscious demands that circumscribe and can sabotage our creative initiatives in the arts and politics. Penney suggests a method of cultural analysis that enables us to identity the transformative potential of genuine artistic and political acts. He stages a dialogue between Lacan's psychoanalysis and the philosophy of Alain Badiou; includes chapters on Frantz Fanon and Jean Genet, Chantal Akerman and Lucien Freud; and explores the aesthetic, political, and ethical consequences of the transference idea, pushing it into exciting new territory.
Structures of Subjectivity: Explorations in Psychoanalytic Phenomenology and Contextualism (Psychoanalytic Inquiry Book Series #4)
by Robert D. Stolorow George E. AtwoodStructures of Subjectivity: Explorations in Psychoanalytic Phenomenology and Contextualism, is a revised and expanded second edition of a work first published in 1984, which was the first systematic presentation of the intersubjective viewpoint – what George Atwood and Robert Stolorow called psychoanalytic phenomenology – in psychoanalysis. This edition contains new chapters tracing the further development of their thinking over the ensuing decades and explores the personal origins of their most essential ideas. In this new edition, Atwood and Stolorow cover the philosophical and theoretical assumptions of psychoanalysis and present a broad approach that they have designated phenomenological contextualism. This approach addresses personal subjective worlds in all their richness and idiosyncrasy and focuses on their relational contexts of origin and therapeutic transformation. Structures of Subjectivity covers the principles guiding the practice of psychoanalytic therapy from the authors' viewpoints and includes numerous detailed clinical case studies. The book will be essential reading for psychoanalysts, practitioners of psychotherapy, psychiatrists, psychologists, counselors, and social workers. It will also be of interest to scholars and students with an interest in psychoanalytic theory and practice, and its philosophical premises.
Structuring the Self (New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science)
by Majid Davoody BeniThis book presents a unified account of the self, based on a network of knowledge sourced from several scientific accounts of selfhood. Beni constructs his ontological account of the self from the common structure that underpins the theoretical diversity that is manifested in rival and sometimes incompatible scientific accounts of the self and its aspects. The enterprise is inspired by recent structural realist theories in the philosophy of science, specifying the basic structure of the self, and explaining how representational, phenomenal, and social aspects of the self are embodied within this structure.
Structuring the Thesis: Matching Method, Paradigm, Theories and Findings
by David Kember Michael CorbettThe book is a collective investigation of the structuring of theses in education, the social sciences and other disciplines that commonly do not follow the standard procedures of the scientific method. To help research students design a structure for their own thesis and liberate their investigations from the constraints associated with the use of the conventional structure, it explains how the structures adopted were designed to suit the topic, methodology and paradigm. It also provides a wide range of examples to draw upon, which suit a broad spectrum of theory, methodological approaches, research methods and paradigms. Additionally, by analyzing the methodologies and paradigms, and reviewing the methodological and paradigmatic spectrum, it offers a significant contribution to the way research is conceptualized.The book addresses a number of key questions faced by students, supervisors and examiners: •Why do examiners often find it difficult to read work in non-scientific disciplines when theses are structured in accordance with the conventional scientific method?•Why do students in non-scientific disciplines struggle to write up the outcomes of their research in the conventional structure?•What alternative thesis structures can be devised to better suit the wide range of methods?•Which theories and paradigms are commonly followed in education and the social sciences and how do these perspectives influence the research process? •What methods, theories and paradigms are commonly adopted by education and social science students and what problems do these pose when students write their theses?
The Struggle for Memory in Latin America
by Eugenia Allier-Montaño Emilio CrenzelThis multi-disciplinary volume analyzes struggles over the memory of past political violence in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, the United States, Guatemala, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay. Each chapter offers a comprehensive history of the political violence that occurred in the second half of the twentieth century, analyzing its links with 1) the international context of the cold war, 2) the particular forms of repression and authoritarianism that prevailed in the domestic setting, 3) the social inequalities that were reinforced, and 4) the political, economic, and cultural transformations that Latin American societies were undergoing at the time. Considering the different paths that Latin American countries have taken in their efforts to confront history, the chapters examine how relevant actors look back on past events and vie with one another to give these events meaning in the public sphere. For each country examined, contributors consider the initiatives of transnational, regional, and national actors, as well as factors including class, gender, ethnicity, and geographic location. Chapters give political- and social-historical perspectives and employ tools from a variety of disciplines, including memory studies, history, political science, sociology, and anthropology.