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Waqf Development and Innovation: Socio-Economic and Legal Perspectives
by Syed Nazim AliWaqf is one of the most potent socio-economic tools for reducing public sector deficit and breaking the chain of intergenerational poverty. Providing a high-level discussion on waqf development and innovation within the context of modern socio-economic and legal developments, this book examines the importance and potentials of waqf and the issues relating to its legal and regulatory framework. The research delivers future directions for countries that plan to explore this socio-economic institution. Readers and policymakers will be able to replicate successful experiments and learn from some failed initiatives to seek alternative funding platforms to support the fiscal policies of developing countries. The volume discusses the relevance and novel application of waqf in the modern economic system and social development, it reviews applicable laws and regulations pertaining to waqf and trust laws and examines critical, cross-country case studies and experiences. Setting an agenda for further researchers in the field of waqf, this comprehensive high-level analysis, with case studies from leading jurisdictions across the world, is a key resource for researchers, policymakers and institutions interested in charitable endowments, Islamic finance, and social finance.
Waqf in Islamic Economics and Finance: An Instrument for Socioeconomic Welfare (Islamic Business and Finance Series)
by Muhammad Ayub Khurram Khan Muhammad IsmailWaqf is emerging globally as a distinctive institution, serving as a vital bridge between societal and economic needs, and resource allocation. Waqfs functioning in some parts of the world, of a variety of assets such as cash, stocks, securities, intellectual property rights, and other financial instruments by individual, institutional, and corporate wāqifs, are paving the way for financial and social inclusion. This book explains how the system of awqāf leads to welfare in society by facilitating financial and social intermediation.It describes waqf in accessible terms, focusing on how it helps people, communities, and nations, and how it can help make societies equitable, peaceful, efficient, and more prosperous. It comprises eight key themes, including a brief overview of the historical role of waqf in various periods in Muslim societies in socioeconomic sectors; the evolutionary aspects of waqf as an institution; the role of waqf in promoting entrepreneurship; the role of awqāf system in an economy by facilitating financial and social intermediation; potential options for using waqf as financial intermediation; an overview of the management and regulation of waqf entities; the organizational and legal framework for the institution of waqf; and key findings and recommendations for realizing the capacity of waqf in the pursuit of socioeconomic welfare. Specifically, the book takes Pakistan as a case study.This research-oriented book is tailored to readers interested in understanding the fundamental concepts of Islamic finance and social welfare, without requiring a background in the discipline. It caters to academics, researchers, policymakers, and those keen on exploring the transformative potential of waqf to achieve societal welfare and shared economic growth.
War: A Primer for Christians
by Joseph L. AllenWar: A Primer for Christians is an account of the major Christian traditions on war - Just War, Holy War, and the Pacifist renunciation of violence.
The War
by Guido Galeano Vega David A. SinghiserAll wars have their source in The War begun in heaven when Lucifer and his followers rebeld against God. Discover how this war touches you and how you should respond.
The War After Armageddon
by Ralph PetersShocking scenes of battle... unforgettable soldiers... heartbreaking betrayals... In this stunning, fast-paced novel, a ruthless future war unfolds in a 21st century nightmare: Los Angeles is a radioactive ruin; Europe lies bleeding; and Israel has been destroyed... with millions slaughtered. A furious America fights to reclaim the devastated Holy Land. The Marines storm ashore; the U. S. Army does battle in a Biblical landscape. Hi-tech weaponry is useless and primitive hatreds flare. Lt. Gen. Gary Flintlock Harris and his courageous warriors struggle for America's survival, with ruthless enemies to their front and treachery at their rear. Islamist fanatics, crusading Christians, and unscrupulous politicians open the door to genocide. The War After Armageddon thrusts the reader into a terrifying future in which all that remains is the horror of war, and the inspiration of individual heroism. A master at bringing to life the eternal soldier, Ralph Peters tells a riveting tale that honors those Americans who fight and sacrifice all for a dream of freedom.
The War Against the Jew
by Dagobert D. RunesIn an introduction to The War Against the Jew, Dagobert D. Runes describes the war on the Jews, the history of Jewish hatred and prejudice. After that he gives a glossary of names, places, beings, writings, and words that describe this hatred.
War Against the Jews: How to End Hamas Barbarism
by Alan DershowitzIn War Against the Jews: How to End Hamas Barbarism, Alan Dershowitz—#1 New York Times bestselling author and one of America&’s most respected legal scholars—explains why the horrific attack of Oct 7 and Israel&’s just response changes everything. It has changed the relationship between Israel and the United States, especially with regard to the possibility of direct American intervention. It has required Israel to consider its nuclear option as a last resort to assure its survival. It has revealed dangerous attitudes among America&’s future leaders on today&’s college campuses toward Israel&’s possible destruction. It has exposed media biases that have been exacerbated with Israel&’s vulnerabilities. It has united Israelis and Jews around the world as never before, despite the deep divisions among them politically, religiously, and ideologically. Nothing will ever be the same. It has clouded the future of peace between Israel and its Arab and Muslim neighbors and has diminished the proposals for a peaceful resolution of the Israel-Palestinian conflict. It has made predictions about the future of the region nearly impossible, except that imposing instability is inevitable. In this short book, Dershowitz analyzes these transforming events and suggests how to move forward.
The War Against the Jews, 1933–1945: 19331945
by Lucy S. DawidowiczA history of how anti-Semitism evolved into the Holocaust in Germany: &“If any book can tell what Hitlerism was like, this is it&” (Alfred Kazin).Lucy Dawidowicz&’s groundbreaking The War Against the Jews inspired waves of both acclaim and controversy upon its release in 1975. Dawidowicz argues that genocide was, to the Nazis, as central a war goal as conquering Europe, and was made possible by a combination of political, social, and technological factors. She explores the full history of Hitler&’s &“Final Solution,&” from the rise of anti-Semitism to the creation of Jewish ghettos to the brutal tactics of mass murder employed by the Nazis. Written with devastating detail, The War Against the Jews is the definitive and comprehensive book on one of history&’s darkest chapters.
War and Faith: Ikko Ikki in Late Muromachi Japan
by Carol Richmond TsangThe book delves into the complex and often contradictory relationship between ikko leagues and the Honganji institution within the context of sengoku Japan. Moving beyond the simplistic characterization of ikki as peasant uprisings, the author argues cogently for a fuller picture of ikko ikki as a force in medieval Japanese history.
War and Memory at the Time of the Fifth Crusade
by Megan Cassidy-WelchIn this book, Megan Cassidy-Welch challenges the notion that using memories of war to articulate and communicate collective identity is exclusively a modern phenomenon. War and Memory at the Time of the Fifth Crusade explores how and why remembering war came to be culturally meaningful during the early thirteenth century.By the 1200s, discourses of crusading were deeply steeped in the language of memory: crusaders understood themselves to be acting in remembrance of Christ’s sacrifice and following in the footsteps of their ancestors. At the same time, the foundational narratives of the First Crusade began to be transformed by vernacular histories and the advent of crusading romance. Examining how the Fifth Crusade was remembered and commemorated during its triumphs and immediately after its disastrous conclusion, Cassidy-Welch brings a nuanced perspective to the prevailing historiography on war memory, showing that remembering war was significant and meaningful centuries before the advent of the nation-state.This thoughtful and novel study of the Fifth Crusade shows it to be a key moment in the history of remembering war and provides new insights into medieval communication. It will be invaluable reading for scholars interested in the Fifth Crusade, medieval war memory, and the use of war memory.
War and Memory at the Time of the Fifth Crusade
by Megan Cassidy-WelchIn this book, Megan Cassidy-Welch challenges the notion that using memories of war to articulate and communicate collective identity is exclusively a modern phenomenon. War and Memory at the Time of the Fifth Crusade explores how and why remembering war came to be culturally meaningful during the early thirteenth century.By the 1200s, discourses of crusading were deeply steeped in the language of memory: crusaders understood themselves to be acting in remembrance of Christ’s sacrifice and following in the footsteps of their ancestors. At the same time, the foundational narratives of the First Crusade began to be transformed by vernacular histories and the advent of crusading romance. Examining how the Fifth Crusade was remembered and commemorated during its triumphs and immediately after its disastrous conclusion, Cassidy-Welch brings a nuanced perspective to the prevailing historiography on war memory, showing that remembering war was significant and meaningful centuries before the advent of the nation-state.This thoughtful and novel study of the Fifth Crusade shows it to be a key moment in the history of remembering war and provides new insights into medieval communication. It will be invaluable reading for scholars interested in the Fifth Crusade, medieval war memory, and the use of war memory.
War and Peace: From Genesis to Revelation
by Vernard EllerVernard Eller edits his own 1973 book, King Jesus' Manual of Arms for the 'Armless: War and Peace from Genesis to Revelation.
War and Peace in Islam
by S. M. Farid MirbagheriMirbagheri traces the revival of Islamic/ist movements, and embarks on a theoretical study of some of the fundamental concepts in Islam and International Relations such as the self, Jihad, peace and universalism. Contemporary cases of conflict in the Middle East are analysed to pose a challenge to the universalist discourse of Western liberalism.
War and Peace in Jewish Tradition: From the Biblical World to the Present (Routledge Jewish Studies Series)
by Yigal Levin Amnon ShapiraThe transition between the reality of war and a hope for peace has accompanied the Jewish people since biblical times. However, the ways in which both concepts are understood have changed many times over the ages, and both have different implications for an independent nation in its own land than they do for a community of exiles living as a minority in foreign countries. This book explores the concepts of war and peace throughout the history of Judaism. Combining three branches of learning - classical Jewish sources, from the Bible to modern times; related academic disciplines of Jewish studies, humanities, social and political sciences; and public discussion of these issues on political, military, ideological and moral levels - contributors from Israel and the USA open new vistas of investigation for the future as well as an awareness of the past. Chapters touch on personal and collective morality in warfare, survival though a long and often violent history, and creation of some of the world’s great cultural assets, in literature, philosophy and religion, as well as in the fields of community life and social autonomy. An important addition to the current literature on Jewish thought and philosophy, this book will be of considerable interest to scholars working in the areas of Jewish Studies, theology, modern politics, the Middle East and biblical studies.
War and Peace in the Life of the Prophet Muhammad
by Zakaria BashierBy analyzing the Prophet's conduct in war and his measures for ensuring peace the misperception that Islam is inextricably linked with violence can be allayed. The major battles in the early history of Islam are studied in the wider context of Islamic teachings on war and peace, as are the Qur'anic verses which allow Muslims to wage war, if necessary.
War and Shadows: The Haunting of Vietnam
by Mai Lan GustafssonVietnamese culture and religious traditions place the utmost importance on dying well: in old age, body unblemished, with surviving children, and properly buried and mourned. More than five million people were killed in the Vietnam War, many of them young, many of them dying far from home. Another 300,000 are still missing. Having died badly, they are thought to have become angry ghosts, doomed to spend eternity in a kind of spirit hell. Decades after the war ended, many survivors believe that the spirits of those dead and missing have returned to haunt their loved ones. In War and Shadows, the anthropologist Mai Lan Gustafsson tells the story of the anger of these spirits and the torments of their kin. Gustafsson's rich ethnographic research allows her to bring readers into the world of spirit possession, focusing on the source of the pain, the physical and mental anguish the spirits bring, and various attempts to ameliorate their anger through ritual offerings and the intervention of mediums. Through a series of personal life histories, she chronicles the variety of ailments brought about by the spirits' wrath, from headaches and aching limbs (often the same limb lost by a loved one in battle) to self-mutilation. In Gustafsson's view, the Communist suppression of spirit-based religion after the fall of Saigon has intensified anxieties about the well-being of the spirit world. While shrines and mourning are still allowed, spirit mediums were outlawed and driven underground, along with many of the other practices that might have provided some comfort. Despite these restrictions, she finds, victims of these hauntings do as much as possible to try to lay their ghosts to rest.
War and the Christian Conscience How shall Modern War be Conducted Justly?: How Shall Modern War Be Conducted Justly?
by Paul RamseyA fascinating inquiry into the ancient Christian theory of the "just war" and its application today.“In this volume, a product of the Lilly Endowment Research Program...a competent scholar deals with a major issue in the field of Christian ethics. The central theme of the book is stated in the sub-title, "How shall modern war be conducted justly?" The author seeks primarily to articulate principles of justice relevant to decisions concerning the nature and use of weapons by nations.At this crucial period in international relations Dr. Ramsey thinks that neither unlimited warfare nor the total abolition of force is the desirable solution of the tension. He is convinced that statesmen should give attention to the kind of weapons that should be prohibited in what Dr. Frank Graham has described as an era of "mortal peril and immortal hope."In the quest of a rationale for effective armament, the author sets forth a revised version of the "theory of the just war." After a penetrating analysis of motifs in the doctrine of the just war in the writings of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas and in contemporary Roman Catholic and Protestant thought, he presents norms by which right and wrong action in warfare may be distinguished. He thinks that there is a basic moral difference between limited and total war and that the exposure of noncombatants—including the children, the sick, and the aged—to indiscriminate bombing can not be justified. He is convinced that the possession or the use of megaton weapons surpasses reasonable and moral limitations of international conflict. He believes that justice requires nations to settle disputes by diplomacy, to explore every honorable way to avoid war, and to prepare for a limited and purposeful defense. He argues that "counter-forces warfare" is the only kind of warfare that can be conducted justly and that present weapons of unlimited power should be eliminated at the earliest possible moment.”—Olin T. Binkley
War and the Soul
by Edward TickIn 2010 the Department of Veterans Affairs cited 171,423 Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans diagnosed with PTSD, out of 593,634 total patients treated. That's almost 30 percent; other statistics show 35 percent. Such vets typically can't hold jobs. They are incapable of intimacy, creative work, and self-realization. Some can't leave the house because they are afraid they will kill or be killed.The key to healing, says psychotherapist Ed Tick, is in how we understand PTSD. In war's overwhelming violence, the soul-the true self-flees and can become lost for life. He redefines PTSD as a true identity disorder, with radical implications for therapy. First, Tick establishes the traditional context of war in mythology and religion. Then he describes in depth PTSD in terms of identity issues. Finally, drawing on world spiritual traditions, he presents ways to nurture a positive identity based in compassion and forgiveness.War and the Soul will change the way we think about war, for veterans and for all those who love and want to help them. It shows how to make the wounded soul whole again. When this work is achieved, PTSD vanishes and the veteran can truly return home.
The War For The the Heart & Soul of Highland Maya Town
by Robert S. CarlsenAfter a decade of military occupation known as la violencia, the Tz'utujil-speaking Maya of Santiago Atitlan stood up to the Guatemalan Army in 1990 and forced it to leave their town. Yet that act of solidarity did not close the widening internal divisions that threaten to destabilize the community from within. Ironically, after 500 years of resistance to physical and spiritual conquest, many Atitecos now seem eager to abandon traditional Mayan culture. In this compelling ethnography, Robert S. Carlsen explores the issue of cultural continuity and change as it has unfolded in this representative Mayan community. Drawing on documentary evidence, he argues that local Mayan culture survived the Spanish Conquest remarkably intact and continues to play a defining role in the religious and social life of the community. At the same time, however, he shows how the twentieth-century consolidation of the Guatemalan state has steadily eroded the capacity of Mayan communities to adapt to change and has caused some local factions to reject--even demonize--their own culture.
The War Girls: A WW2 Novel of Sisterhood and Survival
by V.S. AlexanderBased on true WWII stories of life in the Warsaw Ghetto during the Occupation and the women who served the Allies as agents and spies, this new historical fiction novel from an acclaimed author is perfect for fans of Kate Quinn, Kristin Harmel, and Pam Jenoff. Casting light into one of the darkest periods of World War II, this powerful book tells of two Jewish sisters– one imprisoned in Poland and the other who joins the Special Operations Executive in a daring attempt to free her family from the Nazis. It&’s not just a thousand miles that separates Hanna Majewski from her younger sister, Stefa. There is another gulf—between the traditional Jewish ways that Hanna chose to leave behind in Warsaw, and her new, independent life in London. But as autumn of 1940 draws near, Germany begins a savage aerial bombing campaign in England, killing and displacing tens of thousands. Hanna, who narrowly escapes death, is recruited as a spy in an undercover operation that sends her back to her war-torn homeland. In Hanna&’s absence, her parents, sister, and brother have been driven from their comfortable apartment into the Warsaw Ghetto. Sealed off from the rest of the city, the Ghetto becomes a prison for nearly half a million Jews, struggling to survive amid starvation, disease, and the constant threat of deportation to Treblinka. Once a pretty and level-headed teenager, Stefa is now committed to the Jewish resistance. Together, she, Hanna, and Janka, a family friend living on the Aryan side of the city, form a trio called The War Girls. Against overwhelming odds and through heartbreak they will fight to rescue their loved ones, finding courage through sisterhood to keep hope alive . . . Praise for V.S. Alexander and The Sculptress&“Fans of Alena Dillon, Lucinda Riley, and Alexander&’s previous work will appreciate the historical accuracy saturating every page of this moving, compassionate novel.&” —Booklist
War In Heaven: A Novel
by Charles WilliamsIn War in Heaven Williams gives a contemporary setting to the traditional story of the Search for the Holy Grail. Examining the distinction between magic and religion, this eerily disturbing book graphically portrays a metaphysical journey through the shadowy crevices of the human mind."Reading Charles Williams is an unforgettable experience."--SATURDAY REVIEW"...one of the most gifted and influential Christian writers England has produced this century."--TIME"Charles Williams's firm conviction that the spiritual world is not simply a reality parallel with that of the material one, but is rather its source and its abiding infrastructure, is explicit in both the manner and matter of all he wrote. Hence the unique contribution offered by his novels to the materialistic age in which these characters live and behave and their plots unfold."--OWEN BARFIELD"Charles Williams took the form of the thriller and used it to create an extraordinary genre that has sometimes been called 'spiritual shockers.' His books are immensely worth reading, even if you consider yourself unspiritual and immune to shock."--HUMPHREY CARPENTER"...satire, romance, thriller, morality, and glimpses of eternity all rolled into one."--THE NEW YORK TIMES
War in Heaven: A Novel
by Charles WilliamsA satanic conspiracy threatens mankind when the Holy Grail is found in an English country church in this classic metaphysical thriller. An unidentified body lies lifeless in the offices of a British publishing house. Soon after it is discovered, an urgent request from an author arrives by post, pleading for the deletion of an important paragraph from an upcoming publication. These unlikely incidents mark the beginning of a secret war waged in the English countryside but threatening to engulf all of humankind. On the side of the godly, an archdeacon, an eccentric duke, a book editor, and a young boy must confront the dark magic of relentless satanic forces—for behind the facade of a common pharmacy, sinister plans are being laid for the negation of everything. The most horrible of conspiracies, its success hangs on the acquisition of an object of enormous supernatural power recently discovered in a small parish church: the Holy Grail. Preceding The Da Vinci Code and the Left Behind novels by half a century, War in Heaven is the first novel written by Charles Williams, an esteemed member of the famed Oxford literary society known as the Inklings, which included such notables as C. S. Lewis, Owen Barfield, and J. R. R. Tolkien. This is a provocative, page-turning tale of faith, morality, and magic—an amalgam of thriller, fantasy, metaphysics, and theology that engages and entertains. This ebook includes a new introduction by Jonathan Ryan.
War in Heaven/Heaven on Earth: Theories of the Apocalyptic (Millennialism and Society)
by Stephen D. O'Leary Geln S. McGheeThe apocalypse is a motif that lies behind many religious beliefs and practices. 'War in Heaven/Heaven on Earth' theorizes the apocalyptic as it has arisen in a variety of religious traditions, from Native American religion to Islam in Northern Nigeria and new terrorist movements. Millennial theory and history are explored from the perspective of social psychology, sociology and post-modern philosophy. The volume is unique in applying an analysis of millennial themes to a comparative study of religion.
War in the Congo and Other Stories
by William Jacobs<p>William "Bill" Jacobs never backed down from adventure anywhere he found it. This book contains his personal record of some of the highlights of his life. It starts with his time in the British Parachute Regiment, then the bulk of the story tells of his two contracts, in 1966 and 1967, as a "mercenary" in the Congo where he was commissioned as a Lieutenant on his second contract. The book also includes a few anecdotes of such as his short-lived career as a crocodile hunter and some other vignettes. <p>No sensibilities are spared in his telling of the story. The style is clearly one of recollection as he consulted his diary lf the events, so much of the content has a sense of rawness and immediacy with reinforces the reality of this being a real story and not a made-for-Hollywood story.</p>
War in the Hebrew Bible
by Susan NiditchA study of the role of war in the Hebrew Bible and in ancient Israel as well as its theological implications