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Carbohydrate Chemistry: Proven Synthetic Methods, Volume 5 (Carbohydrate Chemistry: Proven Synthetic Methods #1)
by Paul Kosma Tanja M. Wrodnigg Arnold StützVolumes in the Proven Synthetic Methods Series address the concerns many chemists have regarding irreproducibility of synthetic protocols, lack of identification and characterization data for new compounds, and inflated yields reported in chemical communications—trends that have recently become a serious problem. Exploring carbohydrate chemistry from both the academic and industrial points of view, this unique resource brings together useful information into one convenient reference. The series is unique among other synthetic literature in the carbohydrate field in that, to ensure reproducibility, an independent checker has verified the experimental parts involved by repeating the protocols or using the methods. Featuring contributions from world-renowned experts and overseen by a highly respected series editor, this latest volume compiles reliable protocols for the preparation of intermediates for carbohydrate synthesis or other uses in the glycosciences. Key Features: Explains reliable and tested protocols for the preparation of intermediates for carbohydrate synthesis Offers a unique resource in glycosciences, compiling useful information in one reference Presents protocols that are of wide use to a broad range of readers in the carbohydrate field and the life sciences, including undergraduates taking carbohydrate workshops Explores synthetic carbohydrate chemistry from both the academic and industrial points of view Guarantees the reader a good, clean, reproducible experiment
Carbohydrate Microarrays: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #808)
by Yann ChevolotCarbohydrate microarrays emerged as a key technology for the deciphering of the glycospace by providing a multiplex technology where tens to hundreds of carbohydrates/protein interactions can be probed in parallel. Carbohydrate Microarrays: Methods and Protocols aims to give the reader the theoretical and experimental clues necessary for the fabrication and implementation of carbohydrate microarrays. This requires three essential steps: 1) to obtain the carbohydrate probes (monosacharides, oligosacchrides, polysacchairdes, glycoconjugates or glycoclusters), 2) to immobilize these probes, and 3) to implement the protocols for biological/biochemical interaction with the desired target. This volume gives an overview of carbohydrate microarray and carbohydrate chemistry and illustrates different detection techniques and their applications. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Carbohydrate Microarrays: Methods and Protocols compiles a catalogue of protocols on carbohydrate microarrays to span the needs of researchers around the globe.
Carbohydrate Nanotechnology
by Keith J. StineIntroducing the emerging field carbohydrate nanostructures, this book will be a unique resource for interested researchers to learn a range of methods of applying the field to their own work. Greater access, as well as greater collaboration, to this new interdisciplinary field is intended for both synthetic carbohydrate chemists and researchers in nanoscience related fields. It covers: the main types of nanostructures presently under investigation for modification by carbohydrates, including nanoparticles, nanorods, magnetic particles, dendrimers, nanoporous, and surface confined structures overview and introduction to the field of carbohydrate nanotechnology, and especially its applications to its biological systems Provides a unique resource for researchers to learn about the techniques used to characterize the physical and biological properties of carbohydrate-modified nanostructures
Carbohydrate Polymer Nanotechnologies: Design, Development, Utilization and Perspectives (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Madhusudhan Alle Kummari S. V. Krishna Rao K. V. N. Suresh ReddyThis book emphasizes the recent advances in carbohydrate polymer nanotechnologies, especially discusses the applications, limitations and drawbacks, revealing directions to carbohydrate polymer nanoparticles and their nanocomposites for further use in various applications. Carbohydrate polymers and natural materials which are environmentally benign over the synthetic polymers and display potential features such as low cost, wide availability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, physico-mechanical properties and easy functionalization. The carbohydrate polymers consists of significant functions groups, i.e., hydroxy, amine and carboxylic acid, these allows the functional modification and metal nanoparticle anchoring via chemical reaction and physico-chemical interactions, respectively; which results in the formation of sustainable materials with tunable features. In addition, the chapters in the book looks into the synthesis, functionalization and characterization of various carbohydrate polymers and their nanocomposites and its commercial applications such as pharmaceutical, environmental and energy production being conducted across the world. More specifically, it covers the application of carbohydrate polymer-based nanomaterials as sensors, drug delivery devises, nanomedicine, food packing, environmental remediation, fuel cells, hydrogen storage. The content of this book appeals to graduate students and researchers from the discipline of nano sciences, carbohydrate polymers, biotechnology, nanotechnology.
Carbohydrate-Based Interactions at the Molecular and the Cellular Level (Springer Theses)
by Kieran L. HudsonThis book offers a clearly written and highly accessible account of two different aspects of carbohydrate chemistry. Carbohydrates are an essential component of life and have many important biological functions, but the details of how carbohydrates interact with other biomolecules to mediate biological signalling remain unclear. Firstly, this thesis details innovative methods to mine protein structural data to uncover new features of carbohydrate-based interactions. It also explains these findings using physical chemistry, specifically CH–pi interactions associated with the properties of the interacting partners. Carbohydrates are also critical for tissue growth and development, yet are underexploited in the materials science that underpins much of regenerative medicine. As such, the second part of this thesis describes a diverse array of techniques ranging from synthetic chemistry and enzymatic synthesis to prepare a wide variety of carbohydrates, and materials chemistry to prepare glycosylated hydrogels, to cell biology to determine the effects on cellular development for tissue engineering applications.
Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics
by Roberto Adamo Luigi LayCarbohydrate-Based Therapeutics Comprehensive resource summarizing opportunities and latest progress in design methodologies for carbohydrate-based therapeutics through a disease-oriented approach Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics covers current progress and explores new frontiers in carbohydrate-based therapeutic applications, utilizing a unique approach by providing a detailed background of diseases coupled with subsequent carbohydrate-based therapies. The link between chemistry and design of novel carbohydrate-based medicines is highlighted and a broad overview of all the potential applications of carbohydrates is given. Emphasis is laid on concepts used for carbohydrate drug design, structure– activity relationship, and impact on health and diseases. The text also discusses newer topics like nanoparticles, material science, and tissue generation. Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics includes information on: Antimicrobial carbohydrate-based therapies, covering antibacterial and antiviral vaccines, antifungal therapies, anti-influenza therapeutics, and antiadhesive carbohydrates and glycomimetics Anti-cancer carbohydrate-based therapies, covering cancer vaccines and immunotherapy, and carbohydrate tools in cancer biology Carbohydrate-based therapies in metabolic, neuronal, and immune disorders, covering carbohydrate-based therapeutics for lysosomal disorders and neurodegenerative diseases New frontiers in carbohydrate-based therapies, covering carbohydrates for tissue engineering, antiangiogenic and regenerative medicine Providing comprehensive coverage of foundational knowledge on the subject in a unique and highly accessible format while also exploring the state of the art in the field’s applications, Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics is an essential resource for medicinal, pharmaceutical, and organic chemists, chemists in industry, biochemists, and biotechnologists.
Carbohydrate-Based Vaccines: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1331)
by Bernd LepeniesThis volume summarizes current cutting-edge methods related to carbohydrate-based vaccines, from the identification of a suitable carbohydrate antigen via the preparation of glycoconjugate vaccines to the characterization of vaccine candidates for their use in pre-clinical and clinical studies. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Carbohydrate-Based Vaccines: Methods and Protocols aims to be a valuable manual that will facilitate research in the field of carbohydrate-based vaccines.
Carbohydrate-Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2657)
by D. Wade Abbott Wesley F. ZandbergThis second edition provides new and updated tools for studying protein-carbohydrate interactions ranging from traditional biochemical methods to state-of-the-art techniques. This book focuses on four different research themes detailing methods for screening and quantifying CAZyme activity, investigating the interactions between proteins, carbohydrate ligands, methods for the visualization of carbohydrates, protein-carbohydrate complexes, structural and “omic” approaches for studying systems of CAZymes. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and methods, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Carbohydrate- Protein Interactions: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be comprehensive guide for researchers in the field.
Carbohydrate-spiro-heterocycles (Topics in Heterocyclic Chemistry #57)
by László SomsákThis volume is devoted to compounds in which the spiro centre is part of a pyranoid or furanoid or an iminosugar ring. The chapters contributed deal with methodological peculiarities of syntheses of natural and artificial sugar derived spirocycles as well as their biological applications and other utilities including marketed drugs. Carbohydrates are ubiquitous molecules in nature and participate in a vast number of biological interactions. Especially their conjugates with practically all kinds of primary and secondary metabolic small molecules (and also biomacromolecules) representing valuable tools for glycobiology research and also lead compounds for drug discovery. While monosaccharides per se appear as heterocycles, their natural conjugates frequently exhibit spiro(hetero)cyclic derivatives, in many cases of high therapeutical relevance. As a consequence, the field of carbohydrate-spiro-heterocycles attracts intense interest from both chemical and biomedical aspects therefore this volume will be of interest for synthetic and medicinal chemists and (glyco)biologists, as well as researchers involved in various biomedical fields.
Carbohydrates
by Mike Martin BoysenClosing a gap in the literature, this comprehensive book presents the utility of carbohydrate derivatives as chiral auxiliaries, reagents, complexligands and organocatalysts, together with details of their preparation, as well as their successful application in stereoselective synthesis.Divided into four parts:* Carbohydrate Auxiliaries* Carbohydrate Reagents* Carbohydrate Ligands* Carbohydrate OrganocatalystsIt is an indispensable source for every organic chemist.
Carbohydrates as Drugs (Topics in Medicinal Chemistry #12)
by Peter H. Seeberger Christoph RademacherMedicinal chemistry is both science and art. The science of medicinal chemistry offers mankind one of its best hopes for improving the quality of life. The art of medicinal chemistry continues to challenge its practitioners with the need for both intuition and experience to discover new drugs. Hence sharing the experience of drug research is uniquely beneficial to the field of medicinal chemistry. Drug research requires interdisciplinary team-work at the interface between chemistry, biology and medicine. Therefore, the topic-related series Topics in Medicinal Chemistry covers all relevant aspects of drug research, e. g. pathobiochemistry of diseases, identification and validation of (emerging) drug targets, structural biology, drugability of targets, drug design approaches, chemogenomics, synthetic chemistry including combinatorial methods, bioorganic chemistry, natural compounds, high-throughput screening, pharmacological in vitro and in vivo investigations, drug-receptor interactions on the molecular level, structure-activity relationships, drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, toxicology and pharmacogenomics. In general, special volumes are edited by well known guest editors.
Carbohydrates in Sustainable Development II (Topics in Current Chemistry #294)
by Amélia P. Rauter Pierre Vogel Yves QueneauKnoevenagel Reaction of Unprotected Sugars, By M.-C. Scherrmann ; Carbohydrate-Based Lactones: Synthesis and Applications, By N. M. Xavier, A. P. Rauter, and Y. Queneau; Heterogeneously-Catalyzed Conversion of Carbohydrates, By K. De Oliveira Vigier and F. Jérôme; Palladium-Catalyzed Telomerization of Butadiene with Polyols: From Mono to Polysaccharides, By S. Bouquillon, J. Muzart, C. Pinel, and F. Rataboul; Monosaccharides, By J.A. Galbis and M.G. García-Martín; Natural Sources, By L. Weignerová and V. Křen; Synthesis and Applications of Ionic Liquids Derived from Natural Sugars; By C. Chiappe, A. Marra, and A. Mele
Carbohydrates: Synthesis, Mechanisms, and Stereoelectronic Effects
by Momcilo MiljkovicAll essential areas of basic synthetic carbohydrate chemistry are covered and appropriately described. In addition, this book explains the basic reaction mechanisms while taking into account modern concepts such as stereoelectronic principles.
Carbon Allotropes: Advanced Materials for Anticorrosive Coatings
by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain Chandrabhan Verma Jeenat Aslam Ruby AslamThe study of corrosion-resistant coatings using nanostructured materials is developing and growing at a very rapid rate. Carbon Allotropes: Advanced Anticorrosive Coatings Materials summarizes current research and technology on the significance of carbon allotropes in anticorrosive coatings. The book describes the synthesis, characterization, inhibitory mechanism, and industrial applications of carbon allotropes as a corrosion-resistant coating. The usage of carbon allotropes as nanostructure materials based on corrosion-resistant coatings used in contemporary industrial platforms is discussed in this book. Additionally, this book assesses the potential of carbon allotropes as the foundation for corrosion-resistant nanostructure materials and coatings. For scientists and engineers looking for cutting-edge ideas for nanostructures based on carbon allotropes as corrosion-resistant coating materials, this book is an invaluable resource. Salient Features This book covers nanostructured carbon allotropes as materials for corrosion-resistant coatings. The use of carbon allotropes as anticorrosive has revolutionized modern industrial practices. This offers academics and entrepreneurs an influential foundational, interdisciplinary, and primary literature reading. The most cutting-edge coatings based on carbon allotropes are also highlighted, along with current manufacturing and operating challenges. This maintains ongoing research on corrosion-resistant coatings using nanostructured materials while incorporating fresh advancements across the entire area.
Carbon Allotropes: Metal-Complex Chemistry, Properties and Applications
by Oxana Vasilievna Kharissova Boris Ildusovich KharisovThis book provides a detailed description of metal-complex functionalized carbon allotrope forms, including classic (such as graphite), rare (such as M- or T-carbon), and nanoforms (such as carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds, etc.). Filling a void in the nanotechnology literature, the book presents chapters generalizing the synthesis, structure, properties, and applications of all known carbon allotropes. Metal-complex composites of carbons are described, along with several examples of their preparation and characterization, soluble metal-complex carbon composites, cost-benefit data, metal complexes as precursors of carbon allotropes, and applications. A lab manual on the synthesis and characterization of carbon allotropes and their metal-complex composites is included.
Carbon Based Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Sarat Kumar SwainThis book comprehensively reviews the incorporation of different types of carbon-based nanomaterials for application in targeted and controlled drug delivery systems. Carbon-based nanomaterials play a vital role as vectors and scaffolds during drug delivery owing to their ultra-small size, non-toxicity, and high water solubility. The chapters in this book present the use of different carbon-based nanomaterials (such as graphene, carbon quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and carbon nanofibers) into polymeric and polysaccharide-based matrices for the designing of effective drug delivery vehicles which demonstrate superior performance compared to traditional drug delivery systems. In particular, it demonstrates the incorporation of carbon-based nanomaterials into supramolecular drug delivery systems leading to improved drug delivery properties. This book aims to be a reference for researchers and scientists interested in new nanomaterials for drug delivery applications.
Carbon Black: Science and Technology, Second Edition
by Jean-Baptiste Donnet Roop Chand Bansal Meng-Jiao WangThe second edition of this reference provides comprehensive examinations of developments in the processing and applications of carbon black, including the use of new analytical tools such as scanning tunnelling microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and inverse gas chromatography.;Completely rewritten and updated by numerous experts in the field to reflect the enormous growth of the field since the publication of the previous edition, Carbon Black: discusses the mechanism of carbon black formation based on recent advances such as the discovery of fullerenes; elucidates micro- and macrostructure morphology and other physical characteristics; outlines the fractal geometry of carbon black as a new approach to characterization; reviews the effect of carbon black on the electrical and thermal conductivity of filled polymers; delineates the applications of carbon black in elastomers, plastics, and zerographic toners; and surveys possible health consequences of exposure to carbon black.;With over 1200 literature citations, tables, and figures, this resource is intended for physical, polymer, surface and colloid chemists; chemical and plastics engineers; spectroscopists; materials scientists; occupational safety and health physicians; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.
Carbon Bonding and Structures: Advances in Physics and Chemistry (Carbon Materials: Chemistry and Physics #5)
by Mihai V. Putz"Carbon Bonding and Structures: Advances in Physics and Chemistry" features detailed reviews which describe the latest advances in the modeling and characterization of fundamental carbon based materials and recently designed carbon composites. Significant advances are reported and reviewed by globally recognized experts in the field. The quantification, indexing, and interpretation of physical and chemical patterns of carbon atoms in molecules, crystals, and nanosystems is presented. "Carbon Bonding and Structures: Advances in Physics and Chemistry" will be primarily of interest to theoretical physical chemists and computational materials scientists based in academia, government laboratories, and industry.
Carbon Capture
by Jennifer WilcoxThis book approaches the energy science sub-field carbon capture with an interdisciplinary discussion based upon fundamental chemical concepts ranging from thermodynamics, combustion, kinetics, mass transfer, material properties, and the relationship between the chemistry and process of carbon capture technologies. Energy science itself is a broad field that spans many disciplines -- policy, mathematics, physical chemistry, chemical engineering, geology, materials science and mineralogy -- and the author has selected the material, as well as end-of-chapter problems and policy discussions, that provide the necessary tools to interested students.
Carbon Capture Technology and Storage in Poland: Social Acceptance and the Energy Transition (Routledge Focus on Energy Studies)
by Oluf Langhelle Dariusz Wojakowski Mateusz Stopa Stanisław Nagy Barbara Gąciarz Thomas Michael SattichThe book describes the results of the AGaStor Project’s social research carried out in northwestern Poland which recognizes the main social opportunities and barriers to the introduction of CCUS to society.At the national and regional level, the social barriers of CCUS acceptance are ignorance, uncertainty and the lack of public debate about this technology. On the local scale, social acceptance depends on the needs and fears of the local community. Some of those fears – distrust and perception of CO2 as a waste – could be recognized as universal dilemmas connected with CCUS. Although as knowledge about CCUS increases, a significant change in attitude can be observed. This change does not mean an acceptance of that technology. It is rather a shift towards more benign forms of resistance – from NIMBY to WIMBY. The book presents actual mechanisms of social reaction to UGS and CCUS investment, which will be a valuable contribution to managing social change in the context of green transition.The issue of social acceptance of CCUS should be of interest to decision makers and practitioners who manage investment projects in the broadly understood green transformation on a daily basis, and also to postgraduate students, researchers, academics and lecturers in political studies, sociology or economics, and in engineering studies connected with energy transformation.
Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage: Law, Policy and Standardization Perspectives (Sustainable Development Goals Series)
by Eduardo G. Pereira Alberto J. Fossa Thomas L. MuinzerThis book delves into how carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies might help accelerate the worldwide transition to sustainable energy while meeting Paris Agreement targets. This comprehensive handbook examines how governments, businesses, and society may effectively implement CCUS programs to cut carbon emissions and promote economic development. The book begins with basic ideas and exposes readers to CCUS technologies and their critical role in reaching net-zero emissions by 2050. It investigates successful CCUS installations from various countries and suggests prospects for host governments and energy firms. The book combines technical innovation and carbon neutrality initiatives, while also addressing regulatory frameworks and normative factors that are critical for wider acceptance. With climate change mitigation at its core, the book offers pragmatic recommendations for policymakers and industry leaders on how to employ CCUS for sustainable development, making it a valuable resource for environmental researchers, energy professionals, and policymakers working toward a low-carbon economy.
Carbon Capture and Storage: Technologies, Policies, Economics, and Implementation Strategies
by King Abdullah Petroleum Studies Saud M. Al-Fattah Murad F. Barghouty Bashir O. DabbousiThis book focuses on issues related to a suite of technologies known asCarbon Capture and Storage (CCS), which can be used to capture and store underground large amounts of industrial CO2 emissions. It addresses how CCS should work, as well as where, why, and how these technologies should be deployed, emphasizing the gaps to be filled in terms o
Carbon Capture, Storage and Use: Technical, Economic, Environmental and Societal Perspectives
by Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs Jürgen-Friedrich HakeCarbon Capture and Storage technologies (CCS) are moving from experiment toward commercial applications at a rapid pace, driven by urgent demand for carbon mitigation strategies. This book examines the potential role of CCS from four perspectives: technology development, economic competitiveness, environmental and safety impacts, and social acceptance. IEK-STE of Forschungszentrum Juelich presents this interdisciplinary study on CCS, based on methods of Integrated Technology Assessment. Following an introductory chapter by editor Wilhelm Kuckshinrichs, Part I of the book surveys the status of carbon capture technologies, and assesses the potential for research and development of applications that are useful at scales required for meaningful mitigation. Transportation, Utilization and Environmental Aspects of CO2 receive chapter-length treatments, and the section concludes with an examination of safe geological storage of CO2 based on the example of the Ketzin pilot site, not far from Berlin. Part II covers Economic and Societal Perspectives. The first chapter discusses the use of CCS in the energy sector, analyzing costs associated with electricity generation and CO2 mitigation on the basis of technology-specific cost and process parameters, along with a merit-order illustration of the possible implications of CCS facilities for energy costs. Later chapters outline the costs of CCS application in energy- and CO2-intensive industries; analyze system characteristics of CCS infrastructures, showing that the infrastructure cost function depends on the ratio of fixed to variable costs, as well as on the spatial distribution of CO2 sources and storage facilities; interpret cross-sector carbon mitigation strategies and their impacts on the energy and CO2 balance; and discuss awareness and knowledge of CCS, attitudes towards it, and how the risks and benefits of CCS are perceived. Part III discusses the Framework for Energy and Climate Policy, with chapters on acceptance and adoption of CCS policy in Germany, and the EU, and an assessment of international cooperation in support of CCS. The final chapter summarizes the central arguments, discusses the potential role of carbon capture and utilization as part of a German transformation strategy, and extrapolates the findings to European and international contexts.
Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Technologies: Towards More Sustainable Cities (Green Energy and Technology)
by Ali Elkamel Ali Ahmadian Ali AlmansooriThis book brings together cross-disciplinary research on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) to examine the impact of implementing CCUS tools and technologies on emissions reduction and sustainable development in cities and large metropolitan areas. An expert group of global contributors provides in-depth technical discussions, case studies, and examples with an emphasis on the worldwide application of the latest developments in technology, protocols, implementation, and application of CCUS in power and energy systems.Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Technologies: Towards More Sustainable Cities is an essential multidisciplinary reference for researchers and industry practitioners from engineering, energy, computer science, data science, economics, and operational research working in the energy and environmental fields.
Carbon Catalysis: Preparation, Characterization and Application
by Qiang Zhang Zhigang Liu Bingsen ZhangThis book provides a systematic review of carbon materials, focusing on their properties, development and applications. It emphasizes the synthesis processes of these materials and carbon catalysis, as well as the latest advances in novel carbon materials.Carbon materials are non-metallic substances composed mainly of organic materials with a wide range of applications. They can be classified into several types, each with unique structures and properties. This book details their preparation methods, physical and chemical properties and characterization, covering carbon quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite, carbon fibers, carbon spheres and activated carbon. It also explores their applications in catalysis, energy storage and environmental protection.This title will serve as a useful reference for researchers and professionals interested in carbon materials, petrochemicals, coal chemicals, new energy and environmental protection. It will also benefit students and academics in the fields of chemical engineering, energy and environmental protection.