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Catching Cryptids: The Scientific Search for Mysterious Creatures
by Kim LongLearn how to find Kraken, Mothman, Microbats, and more in this fun, fact-filled, STEM-based cryptozoology book for fans of The Book of Mythical Beasts and Magical Creatures. For years the kraken was considered a mythical beast. Then, in 2004, high-tech cameras captured a photo of a living giant squid. Advances in technology have provided scientists with new tools to study previously undiscovered/unresearched habitats: high-tech cameras, forensic analysis, underwater robots, bioacoustics, infrared sensors, drones, remote control photography and measurement tools, airborne DNA, footprint identification, and more. Catching Cryptids explores these technological advances in a fun way by pairing them with mythical creatures and discussing how modern technology could be used to locate or &“catch&” these beasts. The book includes a mini history of each cryptid, along with interesting facts about the corresponding field of science, and spot illustrations throughout. Featuring over 45 creatures found on land, in water, and among the skies, Catching Cryptids will leave readers wondering what&’s next? The phoenix? Dragons? The possibilities are endless! A Junior Library Guild (JLG) Gold Standard Selection!
Catching Fire: How Cooking Made Us Human
by Richard WranghamEver since Darwin and The Descent of Man, the existence of humans has been attributed to our intelligence and adaptability. But in Catching Fire, renowned primatologist Richard Wrangham presents a startling alternative: our evolutionary success is the result of cooking. In a groundbreaking theory of our origins, Wrangham shows that the shift from raw to cooked foods was the key factor in human evolution. When our ancestors adapted to using fire, humanity began. Once our hominid ancestors began cooking their food, the human digestive tract shrank and the brain grew. Time once spent chewing tough raw food could be sued instead to hunt and to tend camp. Cooking became the basis for pair bonding and marriage, created the household, and even led to a sexual division of labor. Tracing the contemporary implications of our ancestors' diets, Catching Fire sheds new light on how we came to be the social, intelligent, and sexual species we are today. A pathbreaking new theory of human evolution, Catching Fire will provoke controversy and fascinate anyone interested in our ancient origins--or in our modern eating habits.
Catching Nature in the Act: Réaumur & the Practice of Natural History in the Eighteenth Century
by Mary TerrallNatural history in the eighteenth century was many things to many people—diversion, obsession, medically or economically useful knowledge, spectacle, evidence for God’s providence and wisdom, or even the foundation of all natural knowledge. Because natural history was pursued by such a variety of people around the globe, with practitioners sharing neither methods nor training, it has been characterized as a science of straightforward description, devoted to amassing observations as the raw material for classification and thus fundamentally distinct from experimental physical science. In Catching Nature in the Act, Mary Terrall revises this picture, revealing how eighteenth-century natural historians incorporated various experimental techniques and strategies into their practice. At the center of Terrall’s study is René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (1683–1757)—the definitive authority on natural history in the middle decades of the eighteenth century—and his many correspondents, assistants, and collaborators. Through a close examination of Réaumur’s publications, papers, and letters, Terrall reconstructs the working relationships among these naturalists and shows how observing, collecting, and experimenting fit into their daily lives. Essential reading for historians of science and early modern Europe, Catching Nature in the Act defines and excavates a dynamic field of francophone natural history that has been inadequately mined and understood to date.
Catching Nature in the Act: Réaumur and the Practice of Natural History in the Eighteenth Century
by Mary TerrallNatural history in the eighteenth century was many things to many people--diversion, obsession, medically or economically useful knowledge, spectacle, evidence for God’s providence and wisdom, or even the foundation of all natural knowledge. Because natural history was pursued by such a variety of people around the globe, with practitioners sharing neither methods nor training, it has been characterized as a science of straightforward description, devoted to amassing observations as the raw material for classification and thus fundamentally distinct from experimental physical science. In Catching Nature in the Act, Mary Terrall revises this picture, revealing how eighteenth-century natural historians incorporated various experimental techniques and strategies into their practice. At the center of Terrall’s study is René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur (1683-1757)--the definitive authority on natural history in the middle decades of the eighteenth century--and his many correspondents, assistants, and collaborators. Through a close examination of Réaumur’s publications, papers, and letters, Terrall reconstructs the working relationships among these naturalists and shows how observing, collecting, and experimenting fit into their daily lives. Essential reading for historians of science and early modern Europe, Catching Nature in the Act defines and excavates a dynamic field of francophone natural history that has been inadequately mined and understood to date.
Catching THE Light: The Entwined History of Light and Mind
by Arthur ZajoncIn 1910, the surgeons Moreau and LePrince wrote about their successful operation on an eight-year-old boy who had been blind since birth because of cataracts. When the boy's eyes were healed they removed the bandages and, waving a hand in front of the child's physically perfect eyes, asked him what he saw. "I don't know," was his only reply. What he saw was only a varying brightness in front of him. However, when allowed to touch the hand as it began to move, he cried out in a voice of triumph, "It's moving!" He could feel it move, but he still needed laboriously to learn to see it move. Light and eyes were not enough to grant him sight. How, then, do we see? What's the difference between seeing and perception? What is light? From ancient times to the present, from philosophers to quantum physicists, nothing has so perplexed, so fascinated, so captivated the mind as the elusive definition of light. In Catching the Light, Arthur Zajonc takes us on an epic journey into history, tracing how humans have endeavored to understand the phenomenon of light. Blending mythology, religion, science, literature, and painting, Zajonc reveals in poetic detail the human struggle to identify the vital connection between the outer light of nature and the inner light of the human spirit. He explains the curiousness of the Greeks' blue and green "color blindness": Odysseus gazing longingly at the "wine-dark sea"; the use of chloros (green) as the color of honey in Homer's Odessey; and Euripides' use of the color green to describe the hue of tears and blood. He demonstrates the complexity of perception through the work of Paul Cézanne--the artist standing on the bank of a river, painting the same scene over and over again, the motifs multiplying before his eyes. And Zajonc goes on to show how our quest for an understanding of light, as well as the conclusions we draw, reveals as much about the nature of our own psyche as it does about the nature of light itself. For the ancient Egyptians the nature of light was clear--it simply was the gaze of God. In the hands of the ancient Greeks, light had become the luminous inner fire whose ethereal effluence brought sight. In our contemporary world of modern quantum physics, science plays the greatest part in our theories of light's origin--from scientific perspectives such as Sir Isaac Newton's "corpuscular theory of light" and Michael Faraday's "lines of force" to such revolutionary ideas as Max Planck's "discrete motion of a pendulum" (the basis of quantum mechanics), Albert Einstein's "particles of light" and "theory of relativity," and Niels Bohr's "quantum jumps. " Yet the metaphysical aspects of the scientific search, Zajonc shows, still loom large. For the physicist Richard Feynman, a quantum particle travels all paths, eventually distilling to one path whose action is least--the most beautiful path of all. Whatever light is, here is where we will find it. With rare clarity and unmatched lyricism, Zajonc illuminates the profound implications of the relationships between the multifaceted strands of human experience and scientific endeavor. A fascinating search into our deepest scientific mystery, Catching the Light is a brilliant synthesis that will both entertain and inform.
Catching Up, Spillovers and Innovation Networks in a Schumpeterian Perspective
by Andreas Pyka Maria da Derengowski FonsecaThis book discusses the influence of technological and institutional change on development and growth, the impact on innovation of labor markets, the spatial distribution of innovation dynamics, and the meaning of knowledge generation and knowledge diffusion processes for development policies. The individual articles demonstrate the powerful possibilities that emerge from the toolkit of evolutionary and Schumpeterian economics. The book shows that evolutionary economics can be applied to the multi-facetted phenomena of economic development, and that a strong orientation on knowledge and innovation is key to development, especially in less developed and emerging economies.
Catecholamines and Heart Disease
by Pallab K. GangulyA concise, in-depth analysis of the status of the sympathetic system in heart diseasesThis book summarizes the functional status of the sympathetic neural system in cardiological diseased states and highlights aspects of sympathetic neural activity that are important to an overall understanding of the pathophysiology process. Critical reviews of methods for evaluating sympathetic activity are discussed, existing data is closely scrutinized, and attempts are made to delineate the factors derived from increased sympathetic activity. The book provides a physiologically and clinically based approach to the investigation of the involvement of catecholamines in cardiovascular diseases, which makes it a valuable addition to the reference collections of researchers, clinical scientists, and graduate students.
Categories We Live By: How We Classify Everyone and Everything
by Gregory L. MurphyAn in-depth analysis of how humanity&’s compulsion to categorize affects every aspect of our lived experience.The minute we are born—sometimes even before—we are categorized. From there, classifications dog our every step: to school, work, the doctor&’s office, and even the grave. Despite the vast diversity and individuality in every life, we seek patterns, organization, and control. In Categories We Live By, Gregory L. Murphy considers the categories we create to manage life&’s sprawling diversity. Analyzing everything from bureaucracy&’s innumerable categorizations to the minutiae of language, this book reveals how these categories are imposed on us and how that imposition affects our everyday lives.Categories We Live By explores categorization in two parts. In part one, Murphy introduces the groundwork of categories—how they are created by experts, imperfectly captured by language, and employed by rules. Part two provides a number of case studies. Ranging from trivial categories such as parking regulations and peanut butter to critical issues such as race and mortality, Murphy demonstrates how this need to classify pervades everything. Finally, this comprehensive analysis demonstrates ways that we can cope with categorical disagreements and make categories more useful to our society.
Category Specificity in Brain and Mind (Brain, Behaviour and Cognition)
by Glyn W. Humphreys Emer M.E. FordeSome of the most fascinating deficits in neuropsychology concern the failure to recognise common objects from one semantic category, such as living things, when there is no such difficulty with objects from another, such as non-living things. Over the past twenty years, numerous cases of these 'category specific' recognition and naming problems have been documented and several competing theories have been developed to account for the patients' disorders.Category Specificity in Brain and Mind draws together the neuropsychological literature on category-specific impairments, with research on how children develop knowledge about different categories, functional brain imaging work and computational models of object recognition and semantic memory. The chapters are written by internationally leading psychologists and neuroscientists and the result is a review of the most up-to-date thinking on how knowledge about different categories is acquired and organized in the mind, and where it is represented in the human brain. The text will be essential reading for advanced undergraduates and researchers in the field of category specificity and a rich source of information for neuropsychologists, experimental and developmental psychologists, cognitive scientists and philosophers.
Category Theory in Physics, Mathematics, and Philosophy (Springer Proceedings in Physics #235)
by Marek Kuś Bartłomiej SkowronThe contributions gathered here demonstrate how categorical ontology can provide a basis for linking three important basic sciences: mathematics, physics, and philosophy. Category theory is a new formal ontology that shifts the main focus from objects to processes.The book approaches formal ontology in the original sense put forward by the philosopher Edmund Husserl, namely as a science that deals with entities that can be exemplified in all spheres and domains of reality. It is a dynamic, processual, and non-substantial ontology in which all entities can be treated as transformations, and in which objects are merely the sources and aims of these transformations.Thus, in a rather surprising way, when employed as a formal ontology, category theory can unite seemingly disparate disciplines in contemporary science and the humanities, such as physics, mathematics and philosophy, but also computer and complex systems science.
Catenary Optics
by Xiangang LuoThis book offers the first comprehensive introduction to the optical properties of the catenary function, and includes more than 200 figures. Related topics addressed here include the photonic spin Hall effect in inhomogeneous anisotropic materials, coupling of evanescent waves in complex structures, etc. After familiarizing readers with these new physical phenomena, the book highlights their applications in plasmonic nanolithography, flat optical elements, perfect electromagnetic absorbers and polarization converters. The book will appeal to a wide range of readers: while researchers will find new inspirations for historical studies combining mechanics, mathematics, and optics, students will gain a wealth of multidisciplinary knowledge required in many related areas. In fact, the catenary function was deemed to be a “true mathematical and mechanical form” in architecture by Robert Hooke in the 1670s. The discovery of the mathematical form of catenaries is attributed to Gottfried Leibniz, Christiaan Huygens and Johann Bernoulli in 1691. As the founders of wave optics, however, Hooke and Huygens did not recognize the importance of catenaries in optics. It is only in recent decades that the link between catenaries and optics has been established.
Caterpillars in the Middle: Tritrophic Interactions in a Changing World (Fascinating Life Sciences)
by Robert J. Marquis Suzanne KopturCaterpillars are excellent model organisms for understanding how multiple selective forces shape the ecology and evolution of insects, and organisms in general. Recent research using the tools of modern molecular biology, genetics, metabolomics, microbial ecology, experiments conducted at a global level, network analysis, and statistical analyses of global data sets, combined with basic natural history, are yielding exciting new insights into caterpillar adaptations and ecology. The best way to view these research advances is within a framework of tri-trophic interactions. This is a timely topic for research given the central role of caterpillars and plants in the ecology and trophic structure of terrestrial communities. This book is unique in that it contains chapters from a team of experts on a diversity of key topics within caterpillar-plant interactions. This volume brings together contributions by researchers from around the globe, working in both tropical and temperate habitats, and in human-managed and more natural habitats. It is a significant contribution to our understanding of insect biology, and the role that insects, as represented by caterpillars, play in a world increasingly dominated by humans and one in which threats to insect biodiversity are mounting.Chapter 11 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Catfishes, a Highly Diversified Group: Volume 1: Their Outstanding Biology
by Roberto E. Reis Gloria ArratiaThe order of Catfishes (Siluriformes) is one of the largest in number of families, genera, and species. The group is found in most freshwaters and shallow saltwater bodies around the world. Its extraordinary evolutionary and biogeographic pathways leave many open questions on its origin and large diversification that make its study a complex subject, yet a fascinating field for research. Catfishes, a Highly Diversified Group is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 (Their Outstanding Biology, 14 chapters) aims to rectify the incomplete information on the enormous morphological diversity of the group, special habits and adaptations to specific environments, and morpho-functional characteristics of the catfishes. Volume 2 (Evolution and Phylogeny, 18 chapters) deals with evolutionary mechanisms and major evolutionary trends within Siluriformes, investigating new avenues concerning fossil and extant catfishes and relationships within and among families, using morphological and molecular evidence.
Catfishing on CatNet: A Novel (A CatNet Novel #1)
by Naomi KritzerA Kirkus Reviews 2019 Best of the Year Selection. How much does the internet know about YOU? A thought-provoking near future YA thriller that could not be more timely as it explores issues of online privacy, artificial intelligence, and the power and perils of social networks. <p><p> Because her mom is always on the move, Steph hasn’t lived anyplace longer than six months. Her only constant is an online community called CatNet—a social media site where users upload cat pictures—a place she knows she is welcome. What Steph doesn’t know is that the admin of the site, CheshireCat, is a sentient A.I. When a threat from Steph’s past catches up to her and ChesireCat’s existence is discovered by outsiders, it’s up to Steph and her friends, both online and IRL, to save her. <p> Catfishing on CatNet is a surprising, heartfelt near-future YA thriller by award-winning author Naomi Kritzer, whose short story “Cat Pictures Please” won the Hugo Award and Locus Award and was a finalist for the Nebula.
Catharanthus roseus: Current Research and Future Prospects
by Tariq Aftab M. Masroor A. Khan M. NaeemHistorical uses of Catharanthus roseus in the treatment of diabetes, fever, malaria, regulation of menstrual cycle, throat infection and chest complaints have been reported. Only few plants have the anticancer properties and periwinkle is one of them. The physiologically important and antineoplastic alkaloids, vinblastine and vincristine, are mainly present in leaves and antihypertensive alkaloids are found in roots such as ajmalicine, serpentine and reserpine. Vincristine and vinblastine have extensive use in modern medicine as potential anticancer compounds. Above medicinal properties are worth attracting the attention of plant scientists to increase the secondary metabolites of this plant. The growth and active constituents production of medicinal plants can be altered by the application of several PGRs. The present study explore the role of two well known PGRs namely gibberellic acid and triacontanol to increase the productivity aanticancerous alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus L.
Catharanthus roseus: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2505)
by Vincent Courdavault Sébastien BesseauThis volume provides updated technical approaches that have been developed to characterize monoterpene indole alkaloid metabolism in C. roseus from metabolite/gene product localization, alkaloid chemical synthesis, candidate gene prediction, transcription factor characterization up to functional genomic tools based on gene overexpression. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Catharanthus roseus: Methods and Protocols aims to be a guidebook to all researchers working at characterizing alkaloid biosynthesis and more broadly specialized metabolisms
Cathedrals Of Science: The Personalities And Rivalries That Made Modern Chemistry
by Patrick CoffeyIn Cathedrals of Science, Patrick Coffey describes how chemistry got its modern footing-how thirteen brilliant men and one woman struggled with the laws of the universe and with each other. They wanted to discover how the world worked, but they also wanted credit for making those discoveries, and their personalities often affected how that credit was assigned. Gilbert Lewis, for example, could be reclusive and resentful, and his enmity with Walther Nernst may have cost him the Nobel Prize; Irving Langmuir, gregarious and charming, "rediscovered" Lewis's theory of the chemical bond and received much of the credit for it. Langmuir's personality smoothed his path to the Nobel Prize over Lewis. Coffey deals with moral and societal issues as well. These same scientists were the first to be seen by their countries as military assets. Fritz Haber, dubbed the "father of chemical warfare," pioneered the use of poison gas in World War I-vividly described-and Glenn Seaborg and Harold Urey were leaders in World War II's Manhattan Project; Urey and Linus Pauling worked for nuclear disarmament after the war. Science was not always fair, and many were excluded. The Nazis pushed Jewish scientists like Haber from their posts in the 1930s. Anti-Semitism was also a force in American chemistry, and few women were allowed in; Pauling, for example, used his influence to cut off the funding and block the publications of his rival, Dorothy Wrinch. Cathedrals of Science paints a colorful portrait of the building of modern chemistry from the late 19th to the mid-20th century.
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
by Etienne AliotCatheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Edited byEtienne Aliot, MD, FESC, FACC, FHRS Chief of Cardiology, Hôpital Central, University of Nancy, FranceMichel Haïssaguerre, MD Chief of Electrophysiology, Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque, FranceWarren M. Jackman, MD Chief of Electrophysiology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, USAIn this text, internationally recognized authors explore and explain the advances in basic and clinical electrophysiology that have had the greatest impact on catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF).Designed to assist in patient care, stimulate research projects, and continue the remarkable advances in catheter ablation of AF , the book covers:the fundamental concepts of AF, origin of signals, computer simulation, and updated reviews of ablation toolsthe present practical approaches to the ablation of specific targets in the fibrillating atria, including pulmonary veins, atrial neural network, fragmented electrograms, and linear lesions, as well as the strategies in paroxysmal or chronic AF or facing left atrial tachycardiasthe special challenge of heart failure patients, the impact of ablation on mortality, atrial mechanical function, and lessons from surgical AF ablationRichly illustrated by numerous high-quality images, Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation will help every member of the patient care team.
Cathodic Arcs: From Fractal Spots to Energetic Condensation (Springer Series on Atomic, Optical, and Plasma Physics #50)
by André AndersCathodic arcs are among the longest studied yet least understood objects in science. Plasma-generating, tiny spots appear on the cathode; they are highly dynamic and hard to control. With an approach emphasizing the fractal character of cathode spots, strongly fluctuating plasma properties are described such as the presence of multiply charged ions that move with supersonic velocity. Richly illustrated, the book also deals with practical issues, such as arc source construction, macroparticle removal, and the synthesis of dense, well adherent coatings. The book spans a bridge from plasma physics to coatings technology based on energetic condensation, appealing to scientists, practitioners and graduate students alike.
Cathodic Protection: Industrial Solutions for Protecting Against Corrosion
by Volkan CicekA companion to the title Corrosion Chemistry, this volume covers both the theoretical aspects of cathodic protection and the practical applications of the technology, including the most cutting-edge processes and theories. Engineers and scientists across a wide range of disciplines and industries will find this the most up-to-date, comprehensive treatment of cathodic protection available. A superb reference and refresher on the chemistry and uses of the technology for engineers in the field, the book also provides a tremendous introduction to the science for newcomers to the field.
Cathodoluminescence and Photoluminescence: Theories and Practical Applications
by Lyuji OzawaWritten by a senior industry expert with nearly 40 years of hands-on experience, Cathodoluminescence and Photoluminescence: Theories and Practical Applications presents a thorough review of advances, challenges, and recommendations for improving photoluminescent (PL) and cathodoluminescent (CL) phosphor display devices in terms of energy efficiency, image quality, color fidelity, operational lifetime, and production cost.This book traces the development of cathode ray tubes (CRTs), PL and CL phosphor screens, and fluorescent lamps (FL) into modern phosphor display devices. The author relates luminescence phenomena and color to chemical composition, excitation mechanisms, energy conversion efficiencies, and bulk properties of phosphor particles. He also addresses image quality issues such as flickering, smearing, whitening, and contrast. Subsequent chapters focus on powder deposition techniques and the production of phosphor powders themselves. The text describes the necessary raw materials, flux materials, and growth conditions for producing ZnS powders. It provides a quantitative analysis on optimal processes and parameters for ensuring higher quality color and screen resolution. Offering a detailed guide for next-generation scientists and engineers in the field, Cathodoluminescence and Photoluminescence describes current technologies and promising developments for producing higher quality, energy-efficient, and long-lasting phosphor CR and flat CL screen displays.
Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers
by InoueThis reference details the theory and application of cation complexation, including the design and synthesis of various cyclic systems, these materials' use as transport systems, in complexation and selectivity studies by macrocyclic systems, and methodologies for understanding these phenomena. In a
Cationic Polymerizations: Mechanisms, Synthesis & Applications (Plastics Engineering)
by Krzysztof MatyjaszewskiThis unified presentation of cationic polymerization discusses initiation, propagation, transfer, and termination in cationic polymerizations of alkenes and heterocycles. It also elucidates the mechanisms of the reactions involved in all carbocationic and ring-opening polymerizations. It is written by internationally acclaimed experts in their resp
Cationic Surfactants: Analytical and Biological Evaluation (Surfactant Science #53)
by John Cross Edward J. SingerThis work focuses on the environmental availability and effects, toxicological properties and numerous applications of cationic surfactants, detaling the modern analytical processes by which this important class of compounds may be studied. It discusses the types of microorganisms that are susceptible or refractory to the actions of cationic agents.
Cationic Surfactants: Organic Chemistry (Surfactant Science)
by James M. RichmondAuthors from Akzo, Sherex, and Ethyl chemical companies present a comprehensive review of cationic surfactants, emphasizing the organic chemistry aspects. They discuss the preparation, properties, availability, and commercial uses of a wide range of these materials, including aromatic and cyclic var