- Table View
- List View
Comparative Cardiovascular Dynamics of Mammals
by John K-J LiComparative Cardiovascular Dynamics of Mammals offers never-before-published data on the structure and function of the circulatory systems of the different mammalian species. This text explores classic allometry, dimensional analysis, and modern hemodynamics to establish similarity principles that provide a necessary and important step in understanding the natural common design and functional features of the cardiovascular systems of different mammals.Fluid and blood vessel mechanics, pulse transmission characteristics, cardiac energetics and mechanics, as well as heart-arterial system interaction are included in this essential reference. The sensitivity of parameters and similarity of principles in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases are also addressed. This book also describes the natural processes involved in the functional development of the mammalian cardiovascular system.By using modern methods to present recent findings on the similarities and differences of the mammalian cardiovascular system, the author provides an easily understood approach to this dynamic field of study.
Comparative Climate Change Litigation: Beyond the Usual Suspects (Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law #47)
by Makane Moïse Mbengue Francesco SindicoThis book is based on the acknowledgment that climate change is a multifaceted challenge that requires action on the part of all stakeholders, including civil society, and the notion that climate change is at a tipping point with urgent measures needed in the next decade. Against this background, civil society is turning its attention to the courts as a means to directly influence climate action, partly because of the global scepticism towards the progress of global climate action, despite the ongoing implementation of the Paris Agreement. Focusing on the individual, broadly representing civil society, the book offers fresh perspectives on climate change litigation.While most of the literature on climate change litigation examines the same specific jurisdictions, mostly common law countries (US and Australia in particular), this book also considers specific countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America with little or no climate change litigation. It explores the reasons for the lack of litigation and discusses what measures should or could be taken to change this situation and push forward climate action. Unlike other literature on the subject, this book analyses climate change litigation using a scenario-based methodology. Combining rigorous academic analysis with a practical policy-oriented focus, the book provides valuable insights for a wide range of stakeholders interested in climate change litigation. It appeals to civil society organisations around the world, international organisations and law firms interested in climate change litigation.
Comparative Cognition
by Mary C. Olmstead Valerie A. KuhlmeierIntegrating developments from psychology, ethology and neuroscience, this is an undergraduate introduction to cognitive processes across species. The authors merge classic studies and contemporary research to give students a full picture of the evolving field of comparative cognition. Engaging students in the discipline from its roots in animal learning and evolutionary biology through to current research, the chapters cover both controlled laboratory and comparative cross-species studies in the natural environment. This approach provides students with complementary ethological and neurobiological perspectives on cognition. Feature boxes encourage active and engaged learning, giving a deeper understanding of topics discussed in the main text. These are supported by end-of-chapter questions to check understanding and encourage wider thinking around topics. Online resources include solutions to questions in the book, advanced material, PowerPoint lecture slides and additional questions, all available at www. cambridge. org/cognition.
Comparative Cognition: Commonalities and Diversity
by James R. Anderson Hika KuroshimaThis book presents an overview of selected topics in comparative cognition, which is the study of behaviour and mental activities in nonhuman animals. Human psychological capacities are often used as a heuristic by comparative cognitive scientists, whose tasks include designing valid procedures for studying species’ sensory, linguistic or manipulatory abilities that differ from those of humans. Nonetheless, researchers have developed many original ways to gain insights into how other species perceive the world, store and integrate information, and communicate. The contributors to this book have all been involved in such work, and will present some of the approaches that have led to clear advances in our understanding of cognitive processes in other species. The chapters integrate a review of past literature with recent work, covering a variety of subject species including birds, domestic dogs and cats, and nonhuman primates. All contributors have worked with or been otherwise influenced by Professor Kazuo Fujita, to whom the volume will be dedicated. Fujita’s openness to research on various topics and species is reflected in the diversity of the chapters presented.The book will be of interest to students and more experienced researchers in diverse fields including psychology, anthropology, biology and veterinary studies.
Comparative Ecology of Microorganisms and Macroorganisms (Contemporary Bioscience Ser.)
by John H. AndrewsThe most important feature of the modern synthetic theory of evolution is its foundation upon a great variety of biological disciplines. -G. L. STEBBINS, 1968, p. 17 This book is written with the goal of presenting ecologically significant anal#65533; ogies between the biology of microorganisms and macroorganisms. I consider such parallels to be important for two reasons. First, they serve to emphasize that however diverse life may be, there are common themes at the ecological level (not to mention other levels). Second, research done with either microbes or macroorganisms has implications which transcend a particular field of study. Although both points may appear obvious, the fact remains that at#65533; tempts to forge a conceptual synthesiS are astonishingly meager. While unify#65533; ing concepts may not necessarily be strictly correct, they enable one to draw analogies across disciplines. New starting points are discovered as a conse#65533; quence, and new ways of looking at things emerge. The macroscopic organisms ('macroorganisms') include most represen#65533; tatives of the plant and animal kingdoms. I interpret the term 'microorganism' (microbe) literally to mean the small or microscopic forms of life, and I include in this category the bacteria, the protists (excluding the macroscopic green, brown, and red algae), and the fungi. Certain higher organisms, such as many of the nematodes, fall logically within this realm, but are not discussed at any length.
Comparative Embryo Culture: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2006)
by Jason R. HerrickThis detailed volume contains embryo culture techniques that should inspire embryologists to consider comparative studies. The species included in this volume represent a broad range of taxa, whose embryos have vastly different culture requirements and developmental characteristics. Among the species described in this volume, significant differences exist in the rates of cell division, the timing of the maternal to embryonic transition, the relative lipid content of the cytoplasm, the sensitivity of the embryo to specific environmental ions, the preferred nutrients and associated metabolic pathways used by the embryo, the timing and mechanisms of early lineage specification, the presence or absence of embryonic diapause, and the time from fertilization to implantation. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introduction to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Comparative Embryo Culture: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal aid for scientists seeking another species whose embryos have evolved a unique mechanism that could provide a valuable, comparative context for experimentation.
Comparative Emergency Management: Examining Global and Regional Responses to Disasters
by Jason David Rivera DeMond Shondell MillerA host of natural and man-made disasters have plagued the world in the twenty-first century, many with significant global impact. The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, the Indian Ocean tsunami, and Hurricane Katrina all affected broad regions with devastating results. The need for better emergency management policies, procedures, and cooperation among n
Comparative Entrepreneurship Education
by Xiaozhou XuThis book systematically compares the innovation and entrepreneurship education (IEE) in the United States, the United Kingdom, Finland, Germany, Croatia, Canada, South Korea, and China. The book invites the most distinguished professors of each country in this field to contribute. It provides a context analysis that can lead to greater insight into why and how IEE has become an important government agenda and an institutional priority in different country settings. Following the context, each chapter analyzes governmental policies and the guidance of entrepreneurship education in recent years. This book also analyzes the internal development and supporting system of IEE from an ecosystem perspective. Based on the comparison of case countries, the book puts forwards the common successful experience and the differentiation of IEE.
Comparative Environmental Politics
by Stacy D. Vandeveer Paul F. SteinbergHow do different societies respond politically to environmental problems around the globe? Answering this question requires systematic, cross-national comparisons of political institutions, regulatory styles, and state-society relations. The field of comparative environmental politics approaches this task by bringing the theoretical tools of comparative politics to bear on the substantive concerns of environmental policy. This book outlines a comparative environmental politics framework and applies it to concrete, real-world problems of politics and environmental management. After a comprehensive review of the literature exploring domestic environmental politics around the world, the book provides a sample of major currents within the field, showing how environmental politics intersects with such topics as the greening of the state, the rise of social movements and green parties, European Union expansion, corporate social responsibility, federalism, political instability, management of local commons, and policymaking under democratic and authoritarian regimes. It offers fresh insights into environmental problems ranging from climate change to water scarcity and the disappearance of tropical forests, and it examines actions by state and nonstate actors at levels from the local to the continental. The book will help scholars and policymakers make sense of how environmental issues and politics are connected around the globe, and is ideal for use in upper-level undergraduateand graduate courses.
Comparative Evaluations of Innovative Fisheries Management: Global Experiences and European Prospects
by Kjellrun Hiis Hauge Douglas Clyde WilsonComparative Evaluations of Innovative Fisheries Management begins with a look at four places outside the European Union known for innovative management: New Zealand, Nova Scotia, Alaska and Iceland. Then the focus shifts to the success criteria related to specific disciplines including biological and social robustness, economic efficiency and impacts on management costs. Hypotheses are tested using data capable of generating useful results. The main conclusions include a retrospective of how key concepts defined and represented the various perspectives, skills and backgrounds that made up the multidisciplinary CEVIS project.
Comparative Gene Finding: Models, Algorithms and Implementation (Computational Biology #20)
by Marina Axelson-FiskThis book presents a guide to building computational gene finders, and describes the state of the art in computational gene finding methods, with a focus on comparative approaches. Fully updated and expanded, this new edition examines next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The book also discusses conditional random fields, enhancing the broad coverage of topics spanning probability theory, statistics, information theory, optimization theory and numerical analysis. Features: introduces the fundamental terms and concepts in the field; discusses algorithms for single-species gene finding, and approaches to pairwise and multiple sequence alignments, then describes how the strengths in both areas can be combined to improve the accuracy of gene finding; explores the gene features most commonly captured by a computational gene model, and explains the basics of parameter training; illustrates how to implement a comparative gene finder; examines NGS techniques and how to build a genome annotation pipeline.
Comparative Genomics (SpringerBriefs in Genetics)
by Xuhua XiaThis book provides an evolutionary conceptual framework for comparative genomics, with the ultimate objective of understanding the loss and gain of genes during evolution, the interactions among gene products, and the relationship between genotype, phenotype and the environment. The many examples in the book have been carefully chosen from primary research literature based on two criteria: their biological insight and their pedagogical merit. The phylogeny-based comparative methods, involving both continuous and discrete variables, often represent a stumbling block for many students entering the field of comparative genomics. They are numerically illustrated and explained in great detail. The book is intended for researchers new to the field, i.e., advanced undergraduate students, postgraduates and postdoctoral fellows, although professional researchers who are not in the area of comparative genomics will also find the book informative.
Comparative Genomics and Proteomics in Drug Discovery: Vol 58 (Society for Experimental Biology)
by John Partington Kevin CowardComparative Genomics and Proteomics in Drug Discovery gives an overview of how emerging genomic and proteomic technologies are making significant contributions to global drug discovery programs, and in particular the key role that comparative genomics and proteomics play within this strategy. Each chapter is written by respected authorities, with hands-on experience, from both academic and pharmaceutical backgrounds.
Comparative Genomics, Volume 2: Volume 2 (Methods in Molecular Biology #396)
by Nicholas H. BergmanComparative Genomics, Volume 2, provides a collection of robust protocols for molecular biologists beginning to use comparative genomic analysis tools in a variety of areas. Volume 2 contains the last three of seven sections. In the second volume, the fifth section describes a number of tools for comparative analysis of domain and gene families. These tools are particularly useful for predicting protein function as well as potential protein-protein interactions. In the sixth section, methods for comparing groups of genes and gene order are discussed, as are several tools for analyzing genome evolution. Finally, the seventh section deals with experimental comparative genomics. This section includes methods for comparing gene copy number across an entire genome, comparative genomic hybridization, SNP analysis, as well as genome-wide mapping and typing systems for bacterial genomes. Given the tremendous increase in available biosequence data over the past ten years, Comparative Genomics, Volume 1, is timely, comprehensive, and novel. A companion Volume 1 is also available from Humana Press.
Comparative Genomics: 15th International Workshop, RECOMB CG 2017, Barcelona, Spain, October 4-6, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10562)
by Joao Meidanis Luay NakhlehThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Workshop Comparative Genomics, RECOMB-CG 2017, held in Barcelona, Spain, in October 2017. The 16 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The papers report original research in all areas of Comparative Genomics.
Comparative Genomics: Basic and Applied Research
by James R. BrownThrough comparative analysis, the genomes of a number of species are providing a deeper understanding of the human genome. This is highly useful in drug research, especially in the treatment of otherwise intractable conditions. Compiling first-hand descriptions of the pioneering achievements of prominent researchers, this text focuses on revolutionary advances in DNA-sequencing technology, new approaches to the organization and analysis of large phylogenetic data sets, new perspectives on evolution, and the development of novel antimicrobial drugs. This seminal volume demonstrates both the means and the fruits of cooperation across a number of fields, and in doing so lays the groundwork for continued progress.
Comparative Genomics: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2802)
by Jens Stoye Peter F. Stadler João Carlos SetubalThis second edition provides new and updated chapters covering computational and mathematical techniques and concepts related to the field of comparative genomics. The topics covered in the chapters range from those that address general techniques and concepts that apply to all organisms to others that are specialized and apply to specific biological systems such as viruses, bacteria, nematodes, and insects. Well-known comparative genomics web-based platforms are also covered in specific chapters. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, many chapters include introductions to their respective topics and step-by-step comparison procedures, demonstrated on actual sets of genome sequences.Authoritative and cutting-edge, Comparative Genomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Comparative Genomics: Volume 1 (Methods in Molecular Biology #395)
by Nicholas H. BergmanThis volume provides a collection of robust protocols for molecular biologists studying comparative genomics. Given the tremendous increase in available biosequence data over the past ten years, this volume is timely, comprehensive, and novel. The volume is intended for molecular biologists, biochemists and geneticists.
Comparative High Pressure Biology
by Philippe SebertHigh pressure biology is an old, fascinating and stimulating field of research. One of the major reasons for the interest in studying high pressure is that this environmental factor also plays an important role in thermodynamics and consequently in biology. Pressure, from a biological perspective, has a bearing on all living creatures. The book pre
Comparative Interpretation of CT and Standard Radiography of the Chest (Medical Radiology)
by Johan De Mey Emmanuel E. Coche Philippe Duyck Benoit GhayeStandard radiography of the chest remains one of the most widely used imaging modalities but it can be difficult to interpret. The possibility of producing cross-sectional, reformatted 2D and 3D images with CT makes this technique an ideal tool for reinterpreting standard radiography of the chest. The aim of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of chest radiography interpretation by means of a side-by-side comparison between chest radiographs and CT images. Introductory chapters address the indications for and difficulties of chest radiography as well as the technical and practical aspects of CT reconstruction and image comparison. Thereafter, the radiographic and CT presentations of both anatomical variants and a wide range of diseases and disorders are illustrated and discussed by renowned experts in thoracic imaging. The book is complemented by online extra material which provides many further educational examples.
Comparative Medicine: Anatomy and Physiology
by Erika Jensen-JarolimThis new volume provides a concise overview of the most basic and exciting chapters of comparative medicine with regards to physiology and function in healthy individuals. The book includes core concepts in anatomy and physiology in human and animal models, which are key to understanding comparative medicine and to making contributions to research in this area. While writing this book, the authors were in constant interdisciplinary dialogue. They aim to contribute to improvements in quality of life for human and animal patients.
Comparative Pathobiology of Viral Diseases (Routledge Revivals #1)
by Richard G. Olsen Steven Krakowka James R. BlakesleeFirst Published in 1985, this book offers a full insight into the differences and similarities between varying diseases. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for students of medicine and other practitioners in their respective fields.
Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases
by Zaher A. RadiThe first thorough review of cyclooxygenase inhibitors, including their toxicity mechanisms and toxicopathological risks Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are enzymes responsible for the formation of an important class of biological mediators called prostanoids. Prostanoids such as prostaglandins mediate inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions. For those suffering from inflammation and pain, the pharmacological inhibition of COXs, with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, can provide relief. Yet the use of NSAIDs can trigger toxicological effects as well, leading to potential health risks. Comparative Pathophysiology and Toxicology of Cyclooxygenases provides a comprehensive overview of how COX inhibitors affect various bodily systems, specifically the toxicity mechanisms triggered when the COX enzyme is inhibited. The book provides an introduction to the discovery of cyclooxygenases, their use as therapeutic agents, as well as an historical perspective. Shedding light on the differences in expression, pathophysiology, and toxicology of COX inhibitors across species, the book offers a systematic examination of the effects and pathophysiology of COX inhibitors and their mechanisms of toxicity, beginning with the GI tract. Subsequent chapters cover: The pathophysiology of COX inhibition on bone, tendon, and ligament healing COX inhibitors and renal system pathophysiology and mechanisms of toxicity The pathophysiologic role of COX inhibition in the ocular system COX inhibition and the respiratory and cardiovascular systems The book also sheds light on the latest research devoted to developing COX inhibitors with no adverse side-effects. The first book to offer a thorough comparative look at the toxicological effects of COX inhibitors throughout the body, this invaluable resource will help advance the research and development of safer and more effective COX drugs.
Comparative Physiology and Evolution of the Autonomic Nervous System
by Charlotte B. NilssonComparative Physiology and Evolution of the Autonomic Nervous System, the fourth volume in the Autonomic Nervous System series, is an up-to-date account of the comparative physiology and functional anatomy of the autonomic nervous system, with an emphasis on non-mammalian vertebrates. The book starts with an overview of the field and then discusses both 'classical' (adrenergic and cholinergic) non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic (NANC) types of neurotransmission. The account is then further developed by an examination of the autonomic nervous control of specific systems and organs. Readership: Researchers, working professionals, undergraduates and graduates working in neurology, cardiology, internal medicine, clinical pharmacology, and hypertension.
Comparative Physiology of Fasting, Starvation, and Food Limitation
by Marshall D. MccueAll animals face the possibility of food limitation and ultimately starvation-induced mortality. This book summarizes state of the art of starvation biology from the ecological causes of food limitation to the physiological and evolutionary consequences of prolonged fasting. It is written for an audience with an understanding of general principles in animal physiology, yet offers a level of analysis and interpretation that will engage seasoned scientists. Each chapter is written by active researchers in the field of comparative physiology and draws on the primary literature of starvation both in nature and the laboratory. The chapters are organized among broad taxonomic categories, such as protists, arthropods, fishes, reptiles, birds, and flying, aquatic, and terrestrial mammals including humans; particularly well-studied animal models, e.g. endotherms are further organized by experimental approaches, such as analyses of blood metabolites, stable isotopes, thermobiology, and modeling of body composition.