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Designing Human Practices: An Experiment with Synthetic Biology
by Paul Rabinow Gaymon BennettIn 2006 anthropologists Paul Rabinow and Gaymon Bennett set out to rethink the role that human sciences play in biological research, creating the Human Practices division of the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center—a facility established to create design standards for the engineering of new enzymes, genetic circuits, cells, and other biological entities—to formulate a new approach to the ethical, security, and philosophical considerations of controversial biological work. They sought not simply to act as watchdogs but to integrate the biosciences with their own discipline in a more fundamentally interdependent way, inventing a new, dynamic, and experimental anthropology that they could bring to bear on the center’s biological research. Designing Human Practices is a detailed account of this anthropological experiment and, ultimately, its rejection. It provides new insights into the possibilities and limitations of collaboration, and diagnoses the micro-politics which effectively constrained the potential for mutual scientific flourishing. Synthesizing multiple disciplines, including biology, genetics, anthropology, and philosophy, alongside a thorough examination of funding entities such as the National Science Foundation, Designing Human Practices pushes the social study of science into new and provocative territory, utilizing a real-world experience as a springboard for timely reflections on how the human and life sciences can and should transform each other.
Designing Human Practices: An Experiment with Synthetic Biology
by Paul Rabinow Gaymon BennettIn 2006 anthropologists Paul Rabinow and Gaymon Bennett set out to rethink the role that human sciences play in biological research, creating the Human Practices division of the Synthetic Biology Engineering Research Center—a facility established to create design standards for the engineering of new enzymes, genetic circuits, cells, and other biological entities—to formulate a new approach to the ethical, security, and philosophical considerations of controversial biological work. They sought not simply to act as watchdogs but to integrate the biosciences with their own discipline in a more fundamentally interdependent way, inventing a new, dynamic, and experimental anthropology that they could bring to bear on the center’s biological research.Designing Human Practices is a detailed account of this anthropological experiment and, ultimately, its rejection. It provides new insights into the possibilities and limitations of collaboration, and diagnoses the micro-politics which effectively constrained the potential for mutual scientific flourishing. Synthesizing multiple disciplines, including biology, genetics, anthropology, and philosophy, alongside a thorough examination of funding entities such as the National Science Foundation, Designing Human Practices pushes the social study of science into new and provocative territory, utilizing a real-world experience as a springboard for timely reflections on how the human and life sciences can and should transform each other.
Designing Learning with Digital Technologies: Perspectives from Multimodality in Education (Routledge Research in Digital Education and Educational Technology)
by Fei Victor Lim Mercedes Querol-JuliánThis book offers a multimodal perspective on how to design meaningful learning experiences with digital technologies.Digital education is of increasing importance in today’s digital society and the editors bring together international thought-leaders and well-established academics across geographical regions to explore the topic. The book addresses the need to design learning with digital technologies, especially in a post-pandemic environment where blended learning has become ubiquitous. The book is organised around five themes: designing learning, digital learning designs, digital learning with embodied teaching, digital learning interactions, and digital multimodal literacies. The chapters focus on digital technologies as multimodal semiotic resources and the educational implication of each theme is drawn out from illustrative cases across contexts of learning.Essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students, this book offers state-of-the-art thinking on how educators can design new learning experiences for students through the meaningful and effective use of digital technologies.Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
Designing Luxury Brands: The Art and Science of Creating Game-Changers (Management for Professionals)
by Diana DervalThis book, a second offering after the successful first edition, shows how to build successful luxury brands using the power of sensory science and neuropsychology. The author presents inspiring business cases like Tesla Cybertruck, Chanel, KaDeWe, Baccarat, JACQUEMUS, NASA, MUD Jeans, Lilium, Rémy Cointreau, FENG J, Moncler, Louboutin, or Raffles Dubai in industries such as Fashion, Automotive or Leisure. The book highlights groundbreaking scientific methods - like the Derval Color Test® taken by over 30 million people - to help predict luxury shoppers’ preferences and purchasing patterns. Game-changing and unique features of successful luxury brands are decoded. Through various practical examples and experiments, readers will be able to build, revamp, or expand luxury brands and look at luxury from a new angle.
Designing Mathematics or Science Curriculum Programs: A Guide for Using Mathematics and Science Education Standards
by Committee on Science Education K-12 the Mathematical Sciences Education BoardWith the publication of the National Science Education Standards and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics' Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics, a clear set of goals and guidelines for achieving literacy in mathematics and science was established. Designing Mathematics or Science Curriculum Programs has been developed to help state- and district-level education leaders create coherent, multi-year curriculum programs that provide students with opportunities to learn both mathematics and science in a connected and cumulative way throughout their schooling.Researchers have confirmed that as U.S. students move through the grade levels, they slip further and further behind students of other nations in mathematics and science achievement. Experts now believe that U.S. student performance is hindered by the lack of coherence in the mathematics and science curricula in many American schools. By structuring curriculum programs that capitalize on what students have already learned, the new concepts and processes that they can learn will be richer, more complex, and at a higher level. Designing Mathematics or Science Curriculum Programs outlines: Components of effective mathematics and science programs. Criteria by which these components can be judged. A process for developing curriculum that is structured, focused, and coherent. Perhaps most important, this book emphasizes the need for designing curricula across the entire 13-year span that our children spend in elementary and secondary school as a way to improve the quality of education. Ultimately, it will help state and district educators use national and state standards to design or re-build mathematics and science curriculum programs that develop new ideas and skills based on earlier ones--from lesson to lesson, unit to unit, year to year.Anyone responsible for designing or influencing mathematics or science curriculum programs will find this guide valuable.
Designing Microwave Sensors for Glucose Concentration Detection in Aqueous and Biological Solutions: Towards Non-invasive Glucose Sensing (Springer Theses)
by Carlos G. JuanThis book presents a comprehensive study covering the design and application of microwave sensors for glucose concentration detection, with a special focus on glucose concentration tracking in watery and biological solutions. This book is based on the idea that changes in the glucose concentration provoke variations in the dielectric permittivity of the medium. Sensors whose electrical response is sensitive to the dielectric permittivity of the surrounding media should be able to perform as glucose concentration trackers. At first, this book offers an in-depth study of the dielectric permittivity of water–glucose solutions at concentrations relevant for diabetes purposes; in turn, it presents guidelines for designing suitable microwave resonators, which are then tested in both water–glucose solutions and multi-component human blood plasma solutions for their detection ability and sensitivities. Finally, a portable version is developed and tested on a large number of individuals in a real clinical scenario. All in all, the book reports on a comprehensive study on glucose monitoring devices based on microwave sensors. It covers in depth the theoretical background, provides extensive design guidelines to maximize sensitivity, and validates a portable device for applications in clinical settings.
Designing Presence: Entering Towards Vivencia
by Jorge Crecis Bridget LappinDesigning Presence offers a unique insight into the training that has helped people around the world to cultivate more presence in both professional and personal settings. It explains the research behind the method of Towards Vivencia, shares stories of how it has been implemented and offers practical exercises to apply it in any context. Presence is something that is often talked about but is difficult to pin down. We have all experienced moments when we felt one with what we are doing and with our environment. However, this feeling is usually fleeting and we don’t know when or how we will experience it again. Towards Vivencia is the first methodology of its kind to train performers to locate and replicate that specific state of consciousness associated with presence and peak performance. Based on over 20 years of experience, combined with research in anthropology, philosophy and the latest advances in neuroscience, Towards Vivencia enables performers to become fully engaged with their experience in order to operate at their highest possible level. This book aims to equip readers with the ability to actively design their experiences and create lasting changes not only in how they approach performance but also how they approach their everyday lives.
Designing Public Procurement Policy in Developing Countries
by Travis K. Taylor Murat A. YülekThis book presents effective strategies for developing countries to leverage their public sector demand for manufactured imports to promote industrialization, trade, and technology transfer. Technology transfer and its absorption is considered one of the most crucial and complicated challenges for developing countries, which are characterized by insufficient infrastructure, low technological intensity of the domestic capital stock, and high levels of manufactured imports. Which strategies and policy tools can governments employ to link demand with technology transfer, thereby enhancing absorption capacity and development in emerging economies? This book is part of a broader project launched by PGlobal Global Advisory and Training Services Ltd., in cooperation with Istanbul Commerce University (İTUCU) and the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK). The contributors to this book are policymakers, academicians, and experts who are working together to identify problems and develop policy recommendations for public procurement with respect to economic development. The book includes theoretical, empirical, and case study analyses of technology transfer mechanisms, public procurement policies, and countertrade and offset strategies. The lessons learned from these chapters will be of interest to both academics and policymakers concerned with technology transfer, industrial policy, and economic development.
Designing Receptors for the Next Generation of Biosensors
by Michael J. Whitcombe Sergey A. PiletskyDespite achievements in the application of enzymes, antibodies and biological receptors to diagnostics and sensing, the last two decades have also witnessed the emergence of a number of alternative technologies based on synthetic chemistry. This volume shows how synthetic receptors can be designed with characteristics that make them attractive alternatives to biological molecules in the sensory and diagnostics fields, with contributions from leading experts in the area. Subjects covered include synthetic receptors for a range of biomolecules, the use of antimicrobial peptides for the detection of pathogenic microorganisms, the development of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticles, the in silico design of MIPs and MIP-based sensors, and two chapters examining the development of sensors from an industrial point of view. The particular focus of all chapters is on practical aspects, either in the development process or the applications of the synthesized materials. This book will serve as an important reference work for business leaders and technology experts in the sensors and diagnostics sector.
Designing Renewable Energy Systems within Planetary Boundaries: A Textbook for Energy Engineers (Green Energy and Technology)
by Mika Järvinen Hanna PaulomäkiThis open access book explores interdisciplinary sustainability for energy engineering students. Future generations of engineers need to be game changers. The book is designed to help future engineers redesign the world, avoid harmful lockdowns, and prevent the creation of new problems while transforming energy systems in economically profitable and ecologically sustainable ways. It explains the principles of planetary boundaries, addressing the most relevant ones throughout. The book's focus is on the primary methods for producing renewable power and heating. It discusses the fundamental technical and economic design principles involved. The book also covers key energy storage solutions and includes an overview of the impacts of renewable energy production on ecosystems. The book also serves as a useful guide for engineers working on renewable energy projects.
Designing Responsive City Centers: Applicable Urban Design Guidelines (Design Science and Innovation)
by Amir Shakibamanesh Mahshid GhorbanianThis book explores the history and evolution of city centers and provides practical guidance for designing successful city centers, emphasizing the importance of urban design guidelines in achieving this goal. With a focus on community engagement, environmental quality, and economic benefits, the book offers a roadmap for creating vibrant, dynamic, and sustainable city centers that enhance the overall quality of life for their communities. The book offers guidelines for urban design, which can be used to apply the main principles and solutions related to landscaping, building architecture, and access systems. The guidelines manifest development policies as key solutions and govern the qualitative aspects of the plan, enabling the creation of responsive city centers that benefit their communities. An invaluable resource for anyone interested in urban design and its role in shaping the cities of the future, this book is an essential tool for creating successful and sustainable urban environments.
Designing Robot Behavior in Human-Robot Interactions
by Changliu Liu Te Tang Hsien-Chung Lin Masayoshi TomizukaIn this book, we have set up a unified analytical framework for various human-robot systems, which involve peer-peer interactions (either space-sharing or time-sharing) or hierarchical interactions. A methodology in designing the robot behavior through control, planning, decision and learning is proposed. In particular, the following topics are discussed in-depth: safety during human-robot interactions, efficiency in real-time robot motion planning, imitation of human behaviors from demonstration, dexterity of robots to adapt to different environments and tasks, cooperation among robots and humans with conflict resolution. These methods are applied in various scenarios, such as human-robot collaborative assembly, robot skill learning from human demonstration, interaction between autonomous and human-driven vehicles, etc. Key Features: Proposes a unified framework to model and analyze human-robot interactions under different modes of interactions. Systematically discusses the control, decision and learning algorithms to enable robots to interact safely with humans in a variety of applications. Presents numerous experimental studies with both industrial collaborative robot arms and autonomous vehicles.
Designing Social Innovation for Sustainable Livelihoods (Design Science and Innovation)
by Gavin Brett MellesThis volume discusses how design broadly understood as design of business, policy, product, system, etc. can produce socially responsible innovations with livelihoods consequences. Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) is a robust framework for analysing and measuring social impact for excluded populations and groups. This is illustrated with case studies from India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal by discussing how initiatives concerned with design in the broad sense have the potential to create sustainable livelihoods. This volume will be of interest to scholars and practitioners in Sustainable Development and Design.
Designing Soldier Systems: Current Issues in Human Factors (Human Factors in Defence)
by John Martin Pamela Savage-Knepshield John Lockett III Laurel AllenderThis book focuses on contemporary human factors issues within the design of soldier systems and describes how they are currently being investigated and addressed by the U.S. Army to enhance soldier performance and effectiveness. Designing Soldier Systems approaches human factors issues from three main perspectives. In the first section, Chapters 1-5 focus on complexity introduced by technology, its impact on human performance, and how issues are being addressed to reduce cognitive workload. In the second section, Chapters 6-10 concentrate on obstacles imposed by operational and environmental conditions on the battlefield and how they are being mitigated through the use of technology. The third section, Chapters 11-21, is dedicated to system design and evaluation including the tools, techniques and technologies used by researchers who design soldier systems to overcome human physical and cognitive performance limitations as well as the obstacles imposed by environmental and operations conditions that are encountered by soldiers. The book will appeal to an international multidisciplinary audience interested in the design and development of systems for military use, including defense contractors, program management offices, human factors engineers, human system integrators, system engineers, and computer scientists. Relevant programs of study include those in human factors, cognitive science, neuroscience, neuroergonomics, psychology, training and education, and engineering.
Designing Sustainable Energy for All: Sustainable Product-service System Design Applied To Distributed Renewable Energy (Green Energy and Technology)
by Jan Carel Diehl Fabrizio Ceschin Carlo Vezzoli Lilac Osanjo Mugendi K. M’Rithaa Richie Moalosi Venny NakazibweThis open access book addresses the issue of diffusing sustainable energy access inlow- and middle-income contexts.Access to energy is one of the greatest challenges for many people living in low-income and developing contexts, as around 1.4 billion people lack access to electricity.Distributed Renewable Energy systems (DRE) are considered a promising approachto address this challenge and provide energy access to all. However, even if promising,the implementation of DRE systems is not always straightforward.The book analyses, discusses and classifies the promising Sustainable Product-ServiceSystem (S.PSS) business models to deliver Distributed Renewable Energy systems in aneffective, efficient and sustainable way. Its message is supported with cases studies andexamples, discussing the economic, environmental and socioethical benefits as wellas its limitations and barriers to its implementation. An innovative design approach isproposed and a set of design tools are supplied, enabling readers to create and developSustainable Product-Service System (S.PSS) solutions to deliver Distributed RenewableEnergy systems.Practical applications of the book’s design approach and tools by companies andpractitioners are discussed and the book will be of interest to readers in design, industry,governmental institutions, NGOs as well as researchers.
Designing Sustainable Factories: A Toolkit for the Assessment and Mitigation of Impact on the Landscape (Advances in Global Change Research #72)
by Lia MarchiEconomic constraints and lack of knowledge often prevent companies - especially small and medium enterprises - from harmonizing their facilities with the landscape. As a result, factories significantly impact the quality of our living environment, in terms of physical effects on the ecosystem, perceptual interferences with the surroundings, and disturbances on local communities. At both the design and maintenance stages, a set of appropriate tools can assist businesses in becoming more aware of their impacts and identifying possible mitigation strategies. The book presents an assessment tool and a library of inspiring design tactics for factories, with examples of the benefits and synergies for the environment, the scenery, the community, and the company itself. The purpose is to elicit more than a simple reflection about what a sustainable factory entails. It is rather to encourage and assist both businesses and designers in mitigating the impact of industrial facilities on the landscape as holistically as possible.
Designing Sustainable Prosperity: Natural Resource Management for Resilient Regions
by Doris Hiam‐GalvezTried-and-tested approach for transforming economies that are based on natural resource extraction to create long-term prosperity Designing Sustainable Prosperity (DSP) is a step by step blueprint for transforming economies from being dependent on short term natural resource extraction into long-term sustainable prosperity. The outcome is the creation of sustainable, circular economies that prioritise waste reduction and use recycling and renewable resources to actively implement climate change solutions. A key feature of the process is collaboration between local people, investors, appropriate experts, government and academics. The DSP method outlines seven steps in creating a plan for long-term sustainable regional development, illustrated by several case studies from North and South America which identified potential economic transformations. Designing Sustainable Prosperity explores topics such as: How to determine if and when a region is ready for DSP by analyzing factors such as climate, geology, natural resources and human potentialCase studies highlighting different aspects of the DSP approach, and how to achieve true prosperity which is beyond short-term financial performance “Hard” resources and industries that can fuel a circular economy, such as metals/mining, water/ energy, value added food products and other innovative enterprises “Soft” enabling factors such as workforce availability, educational systems, and socio-economic conditions and how to develop these factors in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) DSP shows how to align economic goals with all the UNSDGs. Designing Sustainable Prosperity is an essential and timely resource for professionals and organizations aiming to develop regions sustainably. “Not only a great collection of ideas and references but also a great story in terms of how it brings the pieces together and guides how we can each make a difference.” —Mark Cutifani, Chairman Vale Base Metals, Former CEO at Anglo American plc “Recommended for corporations, politicians and regulators to understand the sequencing necessary to access the energy transition metals and realize 2050 aspirations in a sustainable manner.” —Robert Quartermain, DSc, Canadian Mining Hall of Fame Inductee, Co-Chair Dakota Gold Corp, Former Executive Chairman Pretium Resources Inc “Presents an optimistic, “bottom up” collaboration recipe that leavens outside expertise with community-based history, capabilities, and ambition to move in new directions.” —David J. Hayes, Professor at Stanford University, former senior White House climate advisor for President Biden and the Deputy Secretary and Chief Operating Officer of the U.S. Department of the Interior for Presidents Obama and Clinton
Designing Sustainable Technologies, Products and Policies: From Science To Innovation
by Enrico Benetto Kilian Gericke Mélanie GuitonThis open access book provides insight into the implementation of Life Cycle approaches along the entire business value chain, supporting environmental, social and economic sustainability related to the development of industrial technologies, products, services and policies; and the development and management of smart agricultural systems, smart mobility systems, urban infrastructures and energy for the built environment. The book is based on papers presented at the 8th International Life Cycle Management Conference that took place from September 3-6, 2017 in Luxembourg, and which was organized by the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) and the University of Luxembourg in the framework of the LCM Conference Series.
Designing Topological Phase of Bismuth Halides and Controlling Rashba Effect in Films Studied by ARPES (Springer Theses)
by Ryo NoguchiThis book presents the observation and the control of spin-polarized electrons in Rashba thin films and topological insulators, including the first observations of a weak topological insulator (WTI) and a higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) in bismuth halides. It begins with a general review of electronic structures at the solid surface and mentions that an electron spin at a surface is polarized due to the Rashba effect or topological insulator states with strong spin-orbit coupling. Subsequently it describes the experimental techniques used to study these effects, that is, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Further it moves its focus onto the experimental investigations, in which mainly two different systems—noble metal thin films with the Rashba effects and bismuth halides topological insulators—are used. The study of the first system discusses the role of wavefunctions in spin-splitting and demonstrates a scaling law for the Rashba effect in quantum well films for the first time. High-resolution spin-resolved ARPES plays a vital role in systematically trace the thickness-evolution of the effect. The study of the latter material is the first experimental demonstration of both a WTI and HOTI state in bismuth iodide and bismuth bromide, respectively. Importantly, nano-ARPES with high spatial resolution is used to confirm the topological surface states on the side surface of the crystal, which is the hallmark of WTIs.The description of the basic and recently-developed ARPES technique with spin-resolution or spatial-resolution, essential in investigating spin-polarized electrons at a crystal surface, makes the book a valuable source for researchers not only in surface physics or topological materials but also in spintronics and other condensed-matter physics.
Designing Urban Food Policies: Concepts and Approaches (Urban Agriculture)
by Nicolas Bricas Christophe-Toussaint Soulard Benoit Daviron Caroline Brand Damien Conaré Julie Debru Laura MichelThis Open Access book is for scientists and experts who work on urban food policies. It provides a conceptual framework for understanding the urban food system sustainability and how it can be tackled by local governments. Written by a collective of researchers, this book describes the existing conceptual frameworks for an analysis of urban food policies, at the crossroads of the concepts of food system and sustainable city. It provides a basis for identifying research questions related to urban local government initiatives in the North and South. It is the result of work carried out within Agropolis International within the framework of the Sustainable Urban Food Systems program and an action research carried out in support of Montpellier Méditerranée Métropole for the construction of its agroecological and food policy.
Designing Usability into Medical Products
by Michael E. Wiklund Stephen B. WilcoxAdvocating a user-centered approach to medical technology design, Designing Usability into Medical Products covers the essential processes and specific techniques necessary to produce safe, effective, usable, and appealing medical systems and products. Written by experts on user-centered research, design, and evaluation, the book provides a range o
Designing User Studies in Informatics
by Gondy LeroyThis book provides a practical, hands-on guide to conducting user studies in informatics. Its purpose is to explain the foundations of different experimental designs together with the appropriate statistical analyses for studies most often conducted in computing. Common mistakes are highlighted together with guidelines on how they should be avoided. The book is intended for advanced undergraduate students, beginning graduate students and as a refresher for any researcher evaluating the usefulness of informatics for people by doing user studies. With clear, non-technical language, fundamental concepts are explained and illustrated using diverse examples. In addition to the foundations, practical tips to starting, acquiring permission, recruiting participants, conducting and publishing studies are included. A how-to guide, in the form of a cookbook, is also included. The cookbook recipes can be followed step-by-step or adjusted as necessary for different studies. Each recipe contains step-by-step instructions and concrete advice.
Designing With Light: An Introduction To Stage Lighting
by J. Michael Gillette Michael McNamaraThe purpose of this book is to introduce students to stage lighting design, which is an amalgam of technology and art. Without an understanding of the technology used in the craft, it is difficult to design with light.
Designing and Conducting a Forest Inventory - case: 9th National Forest Inventory of Finland
by Matti Katila Juha Heikkinen Helena M. Henttonen Tarja Tuomainen Nina Vainikainen Antti Ihalainen Helena Mäkelä Erkki TomppoThis book demonstrates in detail all phases of the 9th National Forest Inventory of Finland (1996-2003): the planning of the sampling design, measurements, estimation methods and results. The inventory knowledge accumulated during almost one hundred years is consolidated in the book. The purpose of the numerous examples of results is to demonstrate the diversity of the estimates and content of a national forest inventory. The most recent results include the assessment of the indicators describing the biodiversity of forests. The Finnish NFI has been and is a model for many countries worldwide. The methods and results of the book are set in the international context and are applicable globally. The book provides a valuable information source for countries, institutions and researchers planning own inventories as well as modifying the existing ones, or seeking the applicable definitions and estimation methods to use in their own inventories.
Designing and Teaching the Elementary Science Methods Course (Teaching and Learning in Science Series)
by Ken Appleton Sandra K. Abell Deborah L. HanuscinWhat do aspiring and practicing elementary science teacher education faculty need to know as they plan and carry out instruction for future elementary science teachers? This scholarly and practical guide for science teacher educators outlines the theory, principles, and strategies needed, and provides classroom examples anchored to those principles. The theoretical and empirical foundations are supported by scholarship in the field, and the practical examples are derived from activities, lessons, and units field-tested in the authors’ elementary science methods courses. Designing and Teaching the Elementary Science Methods Course is grounded in the theoretical framework of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), which describes how teachers transform subject matter knowledge into viable instruction in their discipline. Chapters on science methods students as learners, the science methods course curriculum, instructional strategies, methods course assessment, and the field experience help readers develop their PCK for teaching prospective elementary science teachers. "Activities that Work" and "Tools for Teaching the Methods Course" provide useful examples for putting this knowledge into action in the elementary science methods course.