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Agricultural Biotechnology: Latest Research and Trends
by Pankaj Kumar Ajay Kumar Thakur Dinesh Kumar SrivastavaThis book caters to the need of researchers working in the ever-evolving field of agricultural biotechnology. It discusses and provides in-depth information about latest advancements happening in this field. The book discusses evolution of plant tissue culture techniques, development of doubled haploids technology, role of recombinant-DNA technology in crop improvement. It also provides an insight into the global status of genetically modified crops, use of RNAi technology and mi-RNAs in plant improvement. Chapters are also dedicated for different branches of ‘omics’ science including genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics along with the use of molecular markers in tagging and mapping of various genes/QTLs of agronomic importance. This book also covers the role of enzymes and microbes in agriculture in productivity enhancement. It is of interest to teachers, researchers of biotechnology and agriculture scientists. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students of biotechnology, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international biotechnologists and agricultural scientists will also find this to be a useful read.
Agricultural Crop Improvement: Plant and Soil Relationships (Exploring Medicinal Plants)
by Azamal HusenLarger amounts of nutritious food are required to feed the growing world population, which is a great challenge due to water shortages and reduced crop plant yield. To overcome this issue, there must be improvement in crop plant production systems. Agricultural Crop Improvement: Plant and Soil Relationships addresses key issues of crop plant yield and production, with molecular and physiological interventions to evolve future strategies that will overcome these challenges faced by the agricultural sector.Features Investigates modern and traditional agricultural techniques, including nanomaterials, nanosensors, genetic engineering, molecular breeding, nutrient and plant hormone interactions, microbiome engineering, soil enzymes, biostimulants, and intercropping Explores how technologies and scientific advancements from biotechnology, information technology, and environmental science are revolutionizing sustainable farming practices Agricultural Crop Improvement: Plant and Soil Relationships is a valuable source of information for researchers and extension workers involved in sustainable crop plants improvement and practices, and a useful resource for students and scientists working on aspects of agriculture, botany, plant science, crop physiology, crop biotechnology, and microbiology.
Agricultural Depression in the 1920's: Economic Fact or Statistical Artifact? (Routledge Library Editions: Agriculture #1)
by Thomas H. JohnsonFirst published in 1985. This study explores the agricultural depression in the United States of America in the 1920’s. The author examines overproduction, wartime optimism and the farm crisis, and continuity and change in agriculture during this period. This title will be of great interest to students of history, agriculture, and economics.
Agricultural Development in the Mekong Basin: Goals, Priorities and Strategies (Routledge Revivals)
by Resources for the FutureOriginally written for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Resources for the future published this report in 1971 believing it would be of interest to more general readers. Resources for the Future draws on its past experience of resource utilization, development and economics to comment on issues faced by the Mekong Basin River for agricultural development such as the demand-supply conditions for improved agriculture, the limitations imposed by physical and human resource conditions and measures needed to modernize their agricultural methods. This title will be of interest to students of Environmental and Economic studies.
Agricultural Dimensions of Global Climate Change
by Harry Kaiser Thomas DrennenThis important book, written by recognized leaders in their fields, discusses agricultural dimensions of global climate change. Research and policy issues are covered and a multidisciplinary view of global climate change and agriculture is presented. Major sections cover the contribution of agriculture to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (including an investigation as to whether monitoring and verification of such emissions would work) and the impact of global climate change on agriculture. The book examines such important issues as global food availability, distributional effects between developing and developed countries, agricultural adaptation possibilities, and whether CO2 enrichment will benefit agriculture. A unique feature of this publication is that it addresses communication difficulties between researchers and policy makers and suggests solutions.
Agricultural Diversification for Sustainable Food Production (Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa)
by Subhash Babu Raghavendra Singh Sanjay Singh Rathore Anup Das Vinod Kumar SinghThis book discusses agricultural diversification, nutritional security and environmental sustainability. It helps to address the multipronged challenges of nutritional security while preserving the dwindling natural resources in the current fluctuating climate conditions. Energy-intensive, conventional agricultural production systems accelerate environmental footprints, resource mining, biodiversity losses, and human health problems and reduce soil functionality. Diversified farming can potentially enhance yield, food security, and climate change buffering as it helps to achieve advanced food security by efficient resource use and profit maximization. This book covers the challenges faced during the adoption of diversified farming and opportunities to enhanced food production and minimize the environmental footprints. This book is useful for academicians, researchers, ecologists, environmentalists, students, capacity builders, and policymakers to have in-depth knowledge of this complex and diverse field. This book also helps in devising a road map for policy planning and advancement of existing knowledge for various stakeholders working in this field.
Agricultural Drones: A Peaceful Pursuit
by K. R. KrishnaAgricultural drones are expected to revolutionize the way we conduct agronomic procedures and maintain natural vegetation on earth. This book explores the increasing importance of the role of aerial robots in managing agricultural farms and natural resources. Agricultural Drones: A Peaceful Pursuit provides a wealth of information on drone usage in agriculture. The book discusses the advanced sensors and imaging capabilities of drones that give farmers new ways to increase yields and reduce crop damage. An introductory chapter provides historical data, with details about various models of drones as well as the most recent and popular agricultural drones in usage. The book goes onto look at such topics as the use of drones for soil fertility, production agronomy, irrigation, weed control, pest and disease control, grain yield forecasting, and economic advantages from drone use. This timely and useful volume will be a valuable resource for faculty, agricultural extension officers, and farmers and farm consultancy agencies. This book would also serve as an excellent textbook for students in agriculture, engineering, geography, etc. Key features: • outlines the advantages of using drones in agriculture, such as for the management of soil fertility, the study of natural resources and vegetation, the maintenance of adequate irrigation, and the control of weeds and pests • covers the economic advantages of using drones in agriculture • examines the regulatory aspects of agricultural drones • provides actual examples of drone usage in agriculture
Agricultural Drought in Slovakia: NDVI and Satellite Based Data (SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science)
by Veronika Zuzulová Jaroslav Vido Bernard ŠiškaThis book gives an insight into the evaluation of drought in Slovakia and provides an assessment of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a method suitable for an evaluation of drought in agricultural land. Dry seasons in the time series from 1960 to 2014 were determined according to the monthly Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI). The field research was carried out on 12 sites including western Slovakia, Prešov, Trnava and Nitra regions. Data collected from satellite imagery, climate data analyses and drought indices was analysed to determine the value of NDVI as an evaluation tool.
Agricultural Ethics in East Asian Perspective: A Transpacific Dialogue (The International Library of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Ethics #27)
by Paul B. Thompson Kirill O. ThompsonThis book brings together agricultural ethics scholars from the US, Japan and Taiwan to discuss crucial issues in agricultural ethics and sustainability ethics in comparative context. Agricultural ethics and sustainability ethics are wide-ranging and closely linked to environmental ethics, bioethics, virtue ethics, animal welfare, soil conservation, not to mention rural traditions and lifestyles. Six of the chapters cover historical traditions and values in Europe, the US and East Asia. Four of the chapters cover the role of virtue ethics in the analysis of agrarian and environmental ethics, agricultural biotechnology, food ethics, and alternative agriculture, respectively. Finally, two of the chapters cover field efforts of agricultural ethics involving preserving agricultural heritage and building consensus for sustainable farming, respectively. Although the papers are divided into three groups, their contents are interconnected and mutually informative.
Agricultural Field Experiments: Design and Analysis (Books in Soils, Plants, and the Environment #Vol. 31)
by Roger G. PetersenThis text provides statistical and biometrical procedures for designing, conducting, analyzing and interpreting field experiments. It addresses the most important research topics in agriculture, including agronomy, breeding and pasture trials; farming systems research; and intercropping research.
Agricultural Genetics: From the DNA Molecule to Population Management
by Hernán Eduardo Laurentin TáribaReaders will find in this book a comprehensive text on the intersection of genetic and agriculture, addressing the different levels at which DNA is studied for agricultural purposes. The different subdivisions of genetics (molecular, Mendelian, quantitative and populations) are all discussed in the light of agriculture research and practice. Agricultural Genetics aims to be a support for advanced and undergraduate students taking courses on biology, genetics and breeding applied to agriculture, both for plant sciences and animal sciences.
Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Problems and Solutions
by Nirmali Bordoloi Kuldeep Bauddh K. K. BaruahThis book collects information on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially from the agro-ecosystems. It highlights the GHG emission mitigation measures using environmentally viable and cost-effective technologies. The title deals with the evaluation of the emission of GHGs from different agriculture sources, estimates the emission trends, analyzes the affecting drivers and assesses the feasible and suitable mitigation options for local farmers. Agricultural activities including land clearing, crop cultivation, fertilizer application, irrigation pattern, animal husbandry and fisheries have a significant impact on GHG production and emissions. The application of excess amount of inorganic fertilizer to increase the crop production may also boost the emissions of GHGs from agricultural fields. Therefore, it is urgent to concurrently quantify the fluxes of GHGs, improve understanding of gaseous emissions from different agricultural sources and to develop mitigation strategies to reduce the future climate chaos. This book is of interest to the farmers, horticulturists, scientists, ecologists, and a valuable source of reference to the relevant researchers and students in the region. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of environmental science, agriculture, animal husbandry, ecology and soil science.
Agricultural Health and Safety: Recent Advances
by Kelley J. Donham Risto Rautiainen Stanley H Schuman Jan LayProtect yourself from machinery accidents, skin cancer, pesticide exposure, and so much more!Maintaining safety on the farm is a greater challenge than ever. Farmers are trying to expand their farm size and increase production while coping with labor shortages, adverse weather, and equipment problems. Agricultural Health and Safety gives you an in-depth look at these issues and presents effective new approaches to intervention and education for farm health and safety problems. Agricultural Health and Safety discusses new research, education, and prevention programs that have been tested from Maine to California and from Australia to Sweden. These important scientific and analytical studies were presented at the 1996 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Conference in Iowa. In addition to suggesting new ways to deal with the recognized physical hazards of farming, Agricultural Health and Safety discusses the often neglected role of mental health. It examines the role of stress in causing accidents and the risks of depression and suicide among agricultural workers. Agricultural Health and Safety considers a broad range of problems and effective interventions, including: insurance incentives for safe farms accident-prevention programs training for responding to farm emergencies cutting the risks of accident for farm children the ergonomics of milking teaching farm youth about sun safety the risks of exposure to pesticides, fertilizers, and other environmental hazardsAgricultural Health and Safety offers practical information on the broad spectrum of health and safety hazards in the farm setting and outlines effective strategies for eliminating them. In addition, it opens new avenues for further study and research. This comprehensive book is an essential resource for agricultural safety and health researchers, program professionals, health care providers in farming communities, professors and students in agromedicine and agricultural programs, and agricultural workers.
Agricultural Heritage Systems in Europe, Asia, Africa, Central and South America (Environmental History #16)
by Mauro Agnoletti Antonio Santoro Beatrice Fiore Francesco Piras Federica Romano Alessandra BazzurroAgriculture is often considered as one of the main threats to ecosystems. Unsustainable farming practices often result in habitat loss, inefficient use of water, soil degradation, pollution, genetic erosion, among other negative impacts on human life, including hunger, low food quality, reduced access to food resources, as well as the abandonment of rural areas. Nevertheless, when agriculture is practiced in a sustainable way, it can contribute to the preservation of many habitats, to the protection of watersheds, to the preservation and improvement of soil health.The use of sustainable and ecological practices is the key feature distinguishing traditional agriculture from intensive one. It may not provide very high yields, but ensures sustainable harvests over time, thanks to time-tested technologies and traditional know-hows and also represent examples of adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. Based on this approach, in 2002, FAO launched the concept of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Programme, to identify and safeguard agricultural systems that are ensuring food and livelihood security, while maintaining magnificent landscapes, agricultural biodiversity, traditional knowledge, cultural and social values.This book presents 18 examples of these traditional agriculture systems around the world, with a special focus on Europe, Asia, Africa, Central and South America, as a result of the “GIAHS Building Capacity” project co-funded by the Italian Agency for Development Cooperation (AICS) and carried out by the Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI) of the University of Florence (Italy).
Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change [Volume 1]
by Rohitashw Kumar Vijay P. Singh Deepak Jhajharia Rasoul MirabbasiConservation agriculture is a sustainable production model that not only optimizes crop yields, but also reaps economic and environmental benefits as well. The adoption of successful conservation agriculture methods has resulted in energy savings, higher organic matter content and biotic activity in soil, increased crop-water availability and thus resilience to drought, improved recharge of aquifers, less erosion, and reduced impacts from the weather associated with climate change in general. Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change examines several important aspects of crop production, such as climate change, soil management, farm machinery, and different methods for sustainable conservation agriculture. It presents spatial distribution of a daily, monthly and annual precipitation concentration indices, Diffuse Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy for analyzing the organic matter in soil, and adaptation strategies for climate-related plant disease scenarios. It also discusses solar energy-based greenhouse modeling, precision farming using remote sensing and GIS, and various types of machinery used for conservation agriculture. Features: Examines the effects of climate change on agriculture and the related strategies for mitigation through practical, real-world examples Explores innovative on-farm technology options to increase system efficiency resulting in improved water usage Presents examples of precision farming using climate-resilient technologies
Agricultural Implications of Fukushima Nuclear Accident (IV): After 10 Years
by Tomoko M. Nakanishi Keitaro TanoiThis open access book presents the findings from on-site research into radioactive cesium contamination in various agricultural systems affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011. This fourth volume in the series reports on studies undertaken at contaminated sites such as farmland and forests, focusing on soil, water, mountain, agricultural products, and animals. It also provides additional data collected in the subsequent years to show how the radioactivity levels in agricultural products and their growing environments have changed with time and the route by which radioactive materials entered agricultural products as well as their movement between different components (e.g., soil, water, and trees) within an environmental system (e.g., forests). The book covers various topics, including radioactivity testing of food products; decontamination trials for rice and livestock production; the state of contamination in, trees, mushrooms, and timber; the dynamics of radioactivity distribution in paddy fields and upland forests; damage incurred by the forestry and fishery industries; and the change in consumers’ attitudes. In the series of this book, a real-time radioisotope imaging system has been introduced, a pioneering technique to visualize the movement of cesium in soil and in plants. This is the only book to provide systematic data on the actual change of radioactivity, which is of great value to all researchers who wish to understand the effect of radioactive fallout on agriculture. In addition, it helps the general public better understand radio-contamination issues in the environment. The project is ongoing; the research groups from the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences of The University of Tokyo continue their work in the field further to evaluate the long-term effects of the Fukushima accident.
Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident: The First Three Years
by Keitaro Tanoi Tomoko M. NakanishiFollowing the Fukushima nuclear accident, a large volume of monitoring data has been collected about the soil, air, dust, and seawater, along with data about an immense number of foods supplied to the market. Little is known, however, about the effect of radioactive fallout on agriculture, information about which is vital. Although more than 80% of the damaged area is related to agriculture, in situ information specifically for agriculture is scarce. This book provides data about the actual movement and accumulation of radioactivity in the ecological system--for example, whether debris deposited on mountains can be a cause of secondary contamination, under what conditions plants accumulate radioactive cesium in their edible parts, and how radioactivity is transferred from hay to milk. Because agriculture is so closely related to nature, many specialists with different areas of expertise must be involved in answering these questions. In the case of rice, researchers in rice cultivation as well as in soil, hydrology, and radioactivity measurement are working together to reveal the paths or accumulation of radioactivity in the field. For this purpose, the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences of The University of Tokyo has diverse facilities available throughout Japan, including farmlands, forests, and meadowlands. Many academic staff members have formed groups to conduct on-site research, with more than 40 volunteers participating. This book presents the data collected from the only project being systematically carried out across Japan after the Fukushima accident.
Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident: The First Three Years
by Keitaro Tanoi Tomoko M. NakanishiFollowing the Fukushima nuclear accident, a large volume of monitoring data has been collected about the soil, air, dust, and seawater, along with data about an immense number of foods supplied to the market. Little is known, however, about the effect of radioactive fallout on agriculture, information about which is vital. Although more than 80% of the damaged area is related to agriculture, in situ information specifically for agriculture is scarce. This book provides data about the actual movement and accumulation of radioactivity in the ecological system—for example, whether debris deposited on mountains can be a cause of secondary contamination, under what conditions plants accumulate radioactive cesium in their edible parts, and how radioactivity is transferred from hay to milk. Because agriculture is so closely related to nature, many specialists with different areas of expertise must be involved in answering these questions. In the case of rice, researchers in rice cultivation as well as in soil, hydrology, and radioactivity measurement are working together to reveal the paths or accumulation of radioactivity in the field. For this purpose, the Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences of The University of Tokyo has diverse facilities available throughout Japan, including farmlands, forests, and meadowlands. Many academic staff members have formed groups to conduct on-site research, with more than 40 volunteers participating. This book presents the data collected from the only project being systematically carried out across Japan after the Fukushima accident.
Agricultural Internet of Things: Technologies and Applications (Agriculture Automation and Control)
by Yong He Pengcheng Nie Qin Zhang Fei LiuInternet of things (IoT) is a new type of network that combines communication technology, expanded applications, and physical devices. Among them, agriculture is one of the most important areas in the application of the IoT technology, which has its unique requirements and integration features. Compared to the information technology in traditional agriculture, the agricultural IoT mainly refers to industrialized production and sustainable development under relatively controllable conditions. Agricultural IoT applies sensors, RFID, visual capture terminals and other types of sensing devices to detect and collect site information, and with broad applications in field planting, facility horticulture, livestock and poultry breeding, aquaculture and agricultural product logistics. It utilizes multiple information transmission channels such as wireless sensor networks, telecommunications networks and the internet to achieve reliable transmission of agricultural information at multiple scales and intelligently processes the acquired, massive information. The goals are to achieve (i) optimal control of agricultural production process, (ii) intelligent electronic trading of agricultural products circulation, and (iii) management of systematic logistics, quality and safety traceability. This book focuses on three levels of agricultural IoT network: information perception technology, information transmission technology and application technology.
Agricultural Land Use: Structural Transformations, Environment Challenges, Planning and Policy (Earthscan Food and Agriculture)
by Jerzy BańskiThis book presents contemporary trends and challenges in agricultural land use, drawing on an array of global case studies.This volume examines agricultural land use through a three-pronged approach: structural transformations, environmental challenges, and planning and policy. Reflecting the global relevance of contemporary challenges to agricultural land use, the book presents a wide range of novel case studies from across the world, including Poland, Hungary, Denmark, Slovenia, Czechia, Tanzania, Uganda, South Africa, Algeria, Northeast Africa countries, China, India, Australia, New Zealand, USA, and Brazil. Each chapter focuses on a particular issue related to agricultural land use in that country or region, including land fragmentation, reduction of crop land, agricultural intensification, desertification of soils, climate change, biodiversity loss, traditional agricultural systems, urbanization and rural development, and planning challenges for agricultural land. Together the chapters present a global view of the challenges facing the agricultural industry and offer solutions for developing sustainable agricultural practices to ensure food security and environmental and biodiversity conservation.This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of food and agriculture, land use and land management, rural studies, and sustainable development.
Agricultural Mechanics: Fundamentals & Applications
by Ray V. HerrenA text for students learning basic mechanical skills in high school and postsecondary programs in agriscience, production agriculture, agribusiness, ornamental horticulture, and agricultural mechanics. Treatment begins with information on careers, then provides instruction on basic mechanical skills and applications. Covers use of hand tools, power tools, and stationary power equipment with numerous materials, touching on processes of wood- and metalworking, electric and gas welding, electrical wiring, robotics, plumbing, and construction. Includes color photos of male and female students, and 54 project plans. This fourth edition is revised to reflect the latest developments in the field. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Agricultural Microbiology Based Entrepreneurship: Making Money from Microbes (Microorganisms for Sustainability #39)
by Natarajan Amaresan Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai Olubukola Oluranti BabalolaThis book is first part of the 3 volume set focusing on basic and advanced methods for using microbiology as an entrepreneurial venture. This volume explains the entrepreneurship skills for production, cost-benefit analysis and marketing of bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, bio-insecticides, seaweed liquid biofertilizer, and phosphate solubilizers. Chapters cover the applications of microorganisms in small and large scale production to achieve a sustainable output. The book provides essential knowledge and working business protocols from all related disciplines in agribusiness, organic farming, and economic integration. This book is useful to graduate students, research scholars and postdoctoral fellows, and teachers who belong to different disciplines via Botany, Agriculture, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Plant Pathology, and Horticulture. Next two volumes are focused on food and industrial microbiology.
Agricultural Nanobiotechnology: Modern Agriculture for a Sustainable Future
by Fernando López-Valdez Fabián Fernández-LuqueñoNanobiotechnology in agriculture is a new knowledge area that offers novel possibilities to achieve high productivity levels at manageable costs during the production and merchandising of crops. This book shows us how we can use the cutting-edge knowledge about agriculture, nanotechnology, and biotechnology to increase the agricultural productivity and shape a sustainable future in order to increase the social welfare in rural areas and preserve the environmental health. Specialists from several countries will provide their feedback on a range of relevant topics such as environment-friendly use of nanofertilisers, nanodevices, nano-food packaging, nanocoating and nanocarriers and their relationship with the modern agriculture.
Agricultural Nutrient Pollution and Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities
by Naseer Hussain Chih-Yu Hung Lixia WangThis book presents a comprehensive exploration of advanced scientific techniques for reducing agricultural nutrient pollution in the context of climate change. It delves into the sources, pathways, and extent of nutrient release into the environment, offering stakeholders valuable insights into how scientific advancements can help reduce environmental footprints. The authors critically examine key knowledge gaps, policy interventions, and challenges related to nutrient management from agrochemicals, synthetic fertilizers, and organic manures. As the demand for safe, sustainable, and environmentally friendly agricultural practices grows in the face of climate change, this book synthesizes scientific research, reports, and policies. It provides reliable information for scientists, students, policymakers, and organizations to promote effective nutrient utilization in agriculture while minimizing environmental impacts.
Agricultural Policies in a New Decade (Routledge Revivals)
by Kristen AllenAgricultural Policies in a New Decade was written in preparation for the 1990 Farm Bill in the United States in collaboration with the Food and Agriculture Committee of the National Planning Association. Originally published in the same year, this study aims to inform on the key issues affecting the new bill including budget austerity, the effects of agriculture on environmental quality, the safety and security of the U.S. food supply and international markets and trade policy. This title will be of interest to students of Environmental Studies and policy makers.