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FIRE POWER IN THE LAB: Automation in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases and Bioterrorism
by Scott P. Layne Tony J. Beugelsdijk C. Kumar N. PatelToday's world poses a triple threat to the American population: infectious diseases, contamination of food and water, and bioattacks (biowarfare or bioterrorism). At least 17 countries are producing weapons of mass destruction using viruses, bacteria, or their toxins. AIDS, E. coli contamination, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and virulent flu strains are perhaps the best known of a host of disease threats. What these dangers have in common is the amount of data required to achieve solutions; in some cases, as much as a petabit (1 followed by 15 zeros) of data is required to study large numbers of samples from widespread locations.Firepower in the Lab examines how the nation can combat this triple threat by improving our ability to detect, measure, and monitor harmful biological agents. It explores the potential of today's exciting new laboratory automation and computer technologies as well as the emerging tools of molecular biology--how we can generate and analyze more data quickly and reduce human hands-on involvement, which inevitably introduces errors.The book discusses how to improve and apply technologies such as robotics, laboratory automation, "lab-on-a-chip," bioinformatics, and Internet control innovations. It reviews lessons learned from our experience with pandemic flu viruses. It also presents strategies for developing new high-throughput technologies, including how to address the lack of public funding for critical research undertakings.
FLIM Microscopy in Biology and Medicine
by Ammasi Periasamy Robert M. CleggDetecting Signals at the Single Molecule Level: Pioneering Achievements in MicroscopyRecent advances have led to such remarkable improvements in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy's (FLIM) capacity for contrast and sensitivity that researchers can now employ it to detect signals at the single molecule level. FLIM also offers the additional be
FND Stories: Personal and Professional Experiences of Functional Neurological Disorder
by Gregg H. Rawlings, Markus Reuber, Jon Stone and Maxanne McCormickFunctional Neurological Disorder (FND) is one of the most common diagnoses among patients referred to neurology clinics, but is still misunderstood and under-recognised by medical professionals and the public. This vital book brings together the voices of healthcare professionals and people living with FND across the world. Experts in neurology provide a clear, evidence-based explanation of FND as an introduction, laying the foundation for the personal stories of people with FND and the professionals involved in their care. From testing and diagnosis to dealing with stigma and coping with changing symptoms, each chapter delves into the realities of life with FND from the perspective of lived experience. FND can be an isolating condition. The life stories in this book will help you to make sense of living with FND and tackle its challenges alongside others with the condition.
FORCEnet: IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe National Academies Press (NAP)--publisher for the National Academies--publishes more than 200 books a year offering the most authoritative views, definitive information, and groundbreaking recommendations on a wide range of topics in science, engineering, and health. Our books are unique in that they are authored by the nation's leading experts in every scientific field.
FORENSICS
by Samuel Carbaugh Carla MooneyForensics: Uncover the Science and Technology of Crime Scene Investigation introduces students to the fascinating world of forensic science and shows them how to find clues, analyze evidence, and crack the case.Combining hands-on activities with forensic science, kids will have fun learning about the world of forensics, evidence collection, and crime lab analysis. Entertaining illustrations and fascinating sidebarsilluminate the topic and bring it to life, reinforcing new vocabulary.Projects include documenting a crime scene, identifying fingerprints, analyzing blood spatter, and extracting DNA. Additional materials include a glossary and a list of current reference works, websites, museums, and science centers.
FOSS Science Resources: Insects and Plants
by Lawrence Hall of Science University of California at BerkeleyNIMAC-sourced textbook
FOSS Science Resources: Pebbles, Sand, and Silt
by Lawrence Hall of Science University of California at BerkeleyNIMAC-sourced textbook
FOSS Science Resources: Solids and Liquids
by Lawrence Hall of Science University of California at BerkeleyNIMAC-sourced textbook
FOXO Transcription Factors: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1890)
by Wolfgang LinkThis volume provides an overview of experimental procedures and state-of art methods to investigate FOXOs. Chapters guide readers through biochemical and molecular methods, imaging approaches to monitor the subcellular localization of FOXO factors, omics and bioinformatics approaches, different animal models used in FOXO research, and human studies to investigate the role of FOXO factors in human disease and longevity. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge FOXO Transcription Factors: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
FOXO Transcription Factors: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2871)
by Wolfgang LinkThis second edition volume expands on the previous edition with updates on the latest techniques and technologies used in FOXO research. The chapters in this book are organized into five parts. Part One covers biochemical techniques used to analyze phosphorylation status of FOXO proteins, identify FOXO binding partners, and assess FOXO-specific transcriptional activity. Part Two highlights genetic techniques that are used to identify functional domains and validate disease relevance. Part Three talks about biophysical and bioinformatic methods to study the structure and dynamics of FOXO proteins, and protein-protein interactions. Part Four discusses different fluorescence and imaging techniques to measure FOXO translocation, and Part Five focuses on functional studies in model organisms to characterize cell death regulation and life- and healthspan. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, FOXO Transcription Factors: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for both expert and novel researchers who want to learn more about this exciting and developing field of FOXO biology.
FRCR Physics MCQs in Clinical Radiology
by Ibrahim Lutfi Shuaib Hafiz M. Zin Mohd Zahri Aziz Noor Diyana Osman Rafidah ZainonThis book offers a collection of specimen multiple choice questions (MCQs) for the first FRCR examination in clinical radiology that is for the physics module. It includes questions arranged in nine sets of 40 MCQs following the examination format. Additionally, chapters cover explanation to some of the answers for better understanding of the topics. The book covers updated syllabus of Royal College of Radiology (RCR), UK on scientific basis of medical imaging, including topics in molecular imaging. Each chapter with a practice set comprises of questions arranged in the order of the syllabus of the examination, starting from the basis of medical imaging and radiation physics to the principles of specific modalities and safety issues. This book offers assistance to candidates preparing for the first FRCR examination, clinical radiology trainees, and radiology and nuclear medicine postgraduate students.
FREIGHTVISION - Sustainable European Freight Transport 2050
by Stephan Helmreich Hartmut KellerThis book has been written on the basis of the research done between 2008 and 2010 as part of the European Commission funded FREIGHTVISION project. The "FREIGHTVISION - Freight Transport 2050 Foresight" project was funded by the Directorate General MOVE to design a long term vision for European freight transport in 2050 and to identify actions and research to progress appropriate freight transport measures in Europe. The project was carried out as a foresight process encompassing four conferences in which the project team identified and developed with the aid of more than 100 experts an action plan for securing long term freight transport in Europe. The book provides insights into the freight transport visions and Backcasts identified for 2035 and 2050, issues which need to be addressed and measures which were assessed to be part of future paths to assure an economical, environmental, and social freight transport system.
FRET - Förster Resonance Energy Transfer
by Niko Hildebrandt Igor MedintzMeeting the need for an up-to-date and detailed primer on all aspects of the topic, this ready reference reflects the incredible expansion in the application of FRET and its derivative techniques over the past decade, especially in the biological sciences. This wide diversity is equally mirrored in the range of expert contributors.The book itself is clearly subdivided into four major sections. The first provides some background, theory, and key concepts, while the second section focuses on some common FRET techniques and applications, such as in vitro sensing and diagnostics, the determination of protein, peptide and other biological structures, as well as cellular biosensing with genetically encoded fluorescent indicators. The third section looks at recent developments, beginning with the use of fluorescent proteins, followed by a review of FRET usage with semiconductor quantum dots, along with an overview of multistep FRET. The text concludes with a detailed and greatly updated series of supporting tables on FRET pairs and Förster distances, together with some outlook and perspectives on FRET. Written for both the FRET novice and for the seasoned user, this is a must-have resourcefor office and laboratory shelves.
FROM CERTAINTY TO UNCERTAINTY: The Story of Science and Ideas in the Twentieth Century
by F. David PeatEarly theorists believed that in science lay the promise of certainty. Built on a foundation of fact and constructed with objective and trustworthy tools, science produced knowledge. But science has also shown us that this knowledge will always be fundamentally incomplete and that a true understanding of the world is ultimately beyond our grasp. In this thoughtful and compelling book, physicist F. David Peat examines the basic philosophic difference between the certainty that characterized the thinking of humankind through the nineteenth century and contrasts it with the startling fall of certainty in the twentieth. The nineteenth century was marked by a boundless optimism and confidence in the power of progress and technology. Science and philosophy were on firm ground. Newtonian physics showed that the universe was a gigantic clockwork mechanism that functioned according to rigid laws—that its course could be predicted with total confidence far into the future. Indeed, in 1900, the President of the Royal Society in Britain went so far as to proclaim that everything of importance had already been discovered by science. But it was not long before the seeds of a scientific revolution began to take root. Quantum Theory and the General Theory of Relativity exploded the clockwork universe, proving beyond a shadow of a doubt that our knowledge was, at best, incomplete—and would probably remain that way forever. There were places in the universe, such as black holes, from which no information at all could ever be obtained. Chaos Theory also demonstrated our inherent limits to knowing, predicting, and controlling the world around us and showed the way that chaos can often be found at the heart of natural and social systems. Although we may not always recognize it, this new world view has had a profound effect not only on science, but on art, literature, philosophy, and societal relations. The twenty-first century now begins with a humble acceptance of uncertainty. From Certainty to Uncertainty traces the rise and fall of the deterministic universe and shows the evolving influences that such disparate disciplines now have on one another. Drawing on the lessons we can learn from history, Peat also speculates on how we will manage our lives into the future.
FROM MOLECULES TO MINDS: Challenges for the 21st Century
by Institute of Medicine of the National AcademiesNeuroscience has made phenomenal advances over the past 50 years and the pace of discovery continues to accelerate. On June 25, 2008, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders hosted more than 70 of the leading neuroscientists in the world, for a workshop titled "From Molecules to Minds: Challenges for the 21st Century." The objective of the workshop was to explore a set of common goals or "Grand Challenges" posed by participants that could inspire and rally both the scientific community and the public to consider the possibilities for neuroscience in the 21st century. The progress of the past in combination with new tools and techniques, such as neuroimaging and molecular biology, has positioned neuroscience on the cusp of even greater transformational progress in our understanding of the brain and how its inner workings result in mental activity. This workshop summary highlights the important issues and challenges facing the field of neuroscience as presented to those in attendance at the workshop, as well as the subsequent discussion that resulted. As a result, three overarching Grand Challenges emerged: How does the brain work and produce mental activity? How does physical activity in the brain give rise to thought, emotion, and behavior? How does the interplay of biology and experience shape our brains and make us who we are today? How do we keep our brains healthy? How do we protect, restore, or enhance the functioning of our brains as we age?
FRONTIERS IN High Energy Density Physics: THE X-GAMES OF CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE
by Committee on High Energy Density Plasma PhysicsRecent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapons program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
FRONTIERS IN High Energy Density Physics: THE X-GAMES OF CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesRecent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation’s nuclear weapon’s program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
FTIR Microspectroscopy: Selected Emerging Applications
by Noureddine AbidiFourier Transform Infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR) was first developed by William Coblentz in 1905 for analytical purposes. It has been established as a powerful analytical method to analyze a wide range of materials. The most convenient way to analyze the molecular structure was to prepare KBr pellets with small amount of chemical species. Currently, the development of the Universal Attenuated Total Reflectance (UATR) allows the use of ZnSe-Diamond crystal to acquire FTIR spectra directly from the sample with no special preparation. These traditional FTIR analyses have been made with devices capable of performing single measurements, thus, providing a single IR spectrum of the sample. Recent major technological development in FTIR instrumentation was development of microscopes and imaging systems. These devices are now capable of imaging larger sample area, providing not only spectroscopic information but also spatial distributional information. In addition, the development of Focal Point Array (FPA) has made FTIR imaging an emerging area of chemical imaging research. The aim of this book is to summarize in a single document the research work that is being performed using UATR and IR imaging in selected emerging applications in plant materials and biological samples. This book provides the readers new knowledge, updates information, emerging applications, and understanding of the potential use of FTIR Microspectroscopy.
Faba Bean: Chemistry, Properties and Functionality
by Sanju Bala Dhull Sneh Punia BangarFaba bean is a species of flowering plant in the Fabaceae family and the fourth most widely grown winter season legume after pea, chickpea, and lentil. The nutritional profile of faba beans is excellent as they contain an adequate quantity of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and various polyphenols. Faba bean seeds are a rich source of carbohydrates and starch. Because of higher amylose content than cereal starches, legume starches provide distinctive properties such as high gelation temperature, fast retro-gradation, high resistant starch and gel elasticity to food systems. Faba bean has been a beneficial source of protein in food products worldwide for centuries and continues to be highly produced and consumed to this day. Faba bean Chemistry, Properties and Functionality studies the global status and production of faba bean food products plus their agronomy, nutritional value and potential medicinal applications. The agrarian conditions are studied in full, as are postharvest practices. The chemical makeup of faba bean is a major focus, especially in relation to nutrient composition and quality. Chapters in this text focus on anti-nutritional attributes, antioxidants and bioactive compounds plus the effects of processing, storage and cooking on their nutritional value. Starch and its modification, structure, properties and industrial applications are covered, as is protein, genetic improvement and functional product formulation. The text also looks at the future perspectives of this valuable plant and food source. To date, no reference works have exclusively covered faba bean. This book provides a much-needed single source reference point for researchers looking to gain knowledge on this important plant and its use in high protein, health-beneficial food products.
Fables and Futures: Biotechnology, Disability, and the Stories We Tell Ourselves (The\mit Press Ser.)
by George EstreichHow new biomedical technologies—from prenatal testing to gene-editing techniques—require us to imagine who counts as human and what it means to belong.From next-generation prenatal tests, to virtual children, to the genome-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, new biotechnologies grant us unprecedented power to predict and shape future people. That power implies a question about belonging: which people, which variations, will we welcome? How will we square new biotech advances with the real but fragile gains for people with disabilities—especially when their voices are all but absent from the conversation?This book explores that conversation, the troubled territory where biotechnology and disability meet. In it, George Estreich—an award-winning poet and memoirist, and the father of a young woman with Down syndrome—delves into popular representations of cutting-edge biotech: websites advertising next-generation prenatal tests, feature articles on “three-parent IVF,” a scientist's memoir of constructing a semisynthetic cell, and more. As Estreich shows, each new application of biotechnology is accompanied by a persuasive story, one that minimizes downsides and promises enormous benefits. In this story, people with disabilities are both invisible and essential: a key promise of new technologies is that disability will be repaired or prevented.In chapters that blend personal narrative and scholarship, Estreich restores disability to our narratives of technology. He also considers broader themes: the place of people with disabilities in a world built for the able; the echoes of eugenic history in the genomic present; and the equation of intellect and human value. Examining the stories we tell ourselves, the fables already creating our futures, Estreich argues that, given biotech that can select and shape who we are, we need to imagine, as broadly as possible, what it means to belong.
Fabre, Poet of Science
by Bernard Miall Georges Victor LegrosFabre studied insects, taught about insects, and wrote prolifically about insects. His writing is beautiful and descriptive. He is author of "The Life of the Spider."
Fabric Filtration for Combustion Sources: Fundamentals and Basic Technology
by R.P. DonovanThis book focuses on the most important applications of fabric filtration: environmental protection, particulate control from combustion sources. It summarises the types of fibers and their properties and gives an overview of textile processing.
Fabric and Fiber Inventions: Sew, Knit, Print, and Electrify Your Own Designs to Wear, Use, and Play With
by Kathy CeceriIn this book you'll create your own fabric inventions as you learn to make wearables, playthings, and decorative items using textile arts--both old and new. Easy projects using will get you started knitting, adding color to your wardrobe with silkscreen and batik, and transforming old clothing into useful items. Then you'll find out how soft circuits can give your creations personality with light, sound, and motion. Fabric and Fiber Inventions will show you how to turn everyday materials into unique designs everybody will love.
Fabrication and Physical Properties of Novel Two-dimensional Crystal Materials Beyond Graphene: Germanene, Hafnene and PtSe2 (Springer Theses)
by Linfei LiThis thesis reports on essential experimental work in the field of novel two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals beyond graphene. It especially describes three new 2D crystal materials, namely germanene, hafnene, and monolayer PtSe2 fabricated experimentally for the first time, using an ultra-high vacuum molecular beam epitaxy (UHV-MBE) system.Multiple characterization techniques, including scanning tunneling microscope (STM), low energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), combined with theoretical studies reveal the materials’ atomic and electronic structures, which allows the author to further investigate their physical properties and potential applications. In addition, a new epitaxial growth method for transition metal dichalcogenides involving direct selenization of metal supports is developed. These studies represent a significant step forward in expanding the family of 2D crystal materials and exploring their application potentials in future nanotechnology and related areas.
Fabrication and Properties of High-Performance 122-Type Iron-Based Superconducting Wires and Tapes (Springer Theses)
by Chao YaoThis book addresses new ways to optimize the fabrication process and performance of iron-based superconducting wires and tapes based on the powder-in-tube (PIT) method. Further, it systemically analyzes and enhances the current-carrying ability of wire and tape conductors with regard to chemical addition, mechanical deformation, and heat treatment. The microstructure of the superconducting cores is studied by means of the magneto-optical imaging technique, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and flux pinning analysis. This book will benefits all students, researchers, and technical personnel who work in superconducting materials, applied superconductivity, and the power industry.