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Field and Laboratory Methods in Primatology
by Joanna M. Setchell Deborah J. CurtisBuilding on the success of the first edition and bringing together contributions from a range of experts in the field, the second edition of this guide to research on wild primates covers the latest advances in the field, including new information on field experiments and measuring behaviour. It provides essential information and advice on the technical and practical aspects of both field and laboratory methods, covering topics such as ethnoprimatology; remote sensing; GPS and radio-tracking; trapping and handling; dietary ecology; and non-invasive genetics and endocrinology. This integrated approach opens up new opportunities to study the behavioural ecology of some of the most endangered primates and to collect information on previously studied populations. Chapters include methodological techniques; instructions on collecting, processing and preserving samples/data for later analysis; ethical considerations; comparative costs; and further reading, making this an invaluable tool for postgraduate students and researchers in primatology, behavioural ecology and zoology.
Field and Wave Electromagnetics
by David ChengRespected for its accuracy, its smooth and logical flow of ideas, and its clear presentation, Field and Wave Electromagnetics has become an established textbook in the field of electromagnetics. <p><p>This book builds the electromagnetic model using an axiomatic approach in steps: first for static electric fields, then for static magnetic fields, and finally for time-varying fields leading to Maxwell’s equations. This approach results in an organized and systematic development of the subject matter. Applications of derived relations to fundamental phenomena and electromagnetic technologies are explained.
Field to Palette: Dialogues on Soil and Art in the Anthropocene
by Alexandra Toland Jay Stratton Noller Gerd WessolekField to Palette: Dialogues on Soil and Art in the Anthropocene is an investigation of the cultural meanings, representations, and values of soil in a time of planetary change. The book offers critical reflections on some of the most challenging environmental problems of our time, including land take, groundwater pollution, desertification, and biodiversity loss. At the same time, the book celebrates diverse forms of resilience in the face of such challenges, beginning with its title as a way of honoring locally controlled food production methods championed by "field to plate" movements worldwide. By focusing on concepts of soil functionality, the book weaves together different disciplinary perspectives in a collection of dialogue texts between artists and scientists, interviews by the editors and invited curators, essays and poems by earth scientists and humanities scholars, soil recipes, maps, and DIY experiments. With contributions from over 100 internationally renowned researchers and practitioners, Field to Palette presents a set of visual methodologies and worldviews that expand our understanding of soil and encourage readers to develop their own interpretations of the ground beneath our feet.
Field-Driven Micro and Nanorobots for Biology and Medicine
by Yu Sun Xian Wang Jiangfan YuThis book describes the substantial progress recently made in the development of micro and nanorobotic systems, utilizing magnetic, optical, acoustic, electrical, and other actuation fields. It covers several areas of micro and nanorobotics including robotics, materials science, and biomedical engineering. Field-Driven Micro and Nanorobots for Biology and Medicine provides readers with fundamental physics at the micro and nano scales, state-of-the-art technical advances in field-driven micro and nanorobots, and applications in biological and biomedical disciplines.
Field-Flow Fractionation (Chromatographic Science Ser.)
by Josef JancaField-flow fractionation has become a very effective method for the separation and analytical characterization of substances of macromolecular and particulate character-making this method probably the most important discovery in the analytical separation field since World War II. The first, complete, up-to-date reference on this notable separation method, Field-Flow Fractionation includes comprehensive explanations of general and theoretical principles . . . presents detailed descriptions of experimental techniques and instrumentation ... and discusses advantages over competitive processes. In addition, this resource demonstrates various applications for characterizing synthetic polymers ... analyzing biopolymers and particles in environmental samples ... and determining sizes of biological cells, viruses, and subcellular particles. Substantiating main conclusions of theories, experiments, and applications with graphs and drawings, and including numerous tables and photographs, this one-source reference is invaluable reading for analytical, industrial, physical, and polymer chemists; chrom atographers; biochemists; biotechnologists; biophysicists; and all others interested in the study and characterization of macromolecules or particles of various origins.
Field-Flow Fractionation in Biopolymer Analysis
by S. Kim Williams Karin D. CaldwellThis is a timely collection of important biomedical applications for a set of separation/characterization techniques that are rapidly gaining popularity due to their wide dynamic range, high resolution, and ability to function in most commonly used solvent systems. Importantly, the field-flow fractionation (FFF) technique has recently emerged as a prominent complement to size exclusion chromatography for protein pharmaceuticals. Fractionation with FFF is gentle and preserves protein structural integrity better than existing alternatives. In the present text, different chapters are written by experts in their respective field of application, who offer comparisons between the FFF techniques and other methods for characterizing their special focus material. Practical guide-lines for successful implementation, such as choice of operating conditions, are offered in conjunction with each application. In addition to new instrumentation and approaches that address important current topics, readers are provided with an overall sense of prior (but timeless) major developments that may be overlooked in literature searches.
Field-based Tests for Soccer Players: Methodological Concerns and Applications (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Filipe Manuel Clemente José Afonso Hugo Sarmento Bruno Silva Rafael Oliveira Rui Silva Zeki Akyildiz Halil Ibrahim Ceylan Javier Raya González Francisco Tomás Fernández Rui Araújo Ricardo Lima Sérgio Matos Yung-Sheng ChenThis book systematically summarizes the accuracy, precision, and repeatability levels of field-based tests applied in soccer. It considers such details as the effectiveness of tests for different age categories and sexes. In this book, the readers will be able to check all the field-based tests conceived for fitness assessment in soccer through a large systematic review made to the literature. In addition a brief characterization of each test and presentation of the concurrent validity and repeatability levels for each test will be provided. Finally, the book contains a general discussion of the implications of the tests for different methodological approaches to training. It will be use to sports scientists and practitioners.
Field-effect Self-mixing Terahertz Detectors
by Jiandong SunA comprehensive device model considering both spatialdistributions of the terahertz field and the field-effect self-mixing factorhas been constructed for the first time in the thesis. The author has foundthat it is the strongly localized terahertz field induced in a small fractionof the gated electron channel that plays an important role in the highresponsivity. An AlGaN/GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistor with a2-micron-sized gate and integrated dipole antennas has been developed and canoffer a noise-equivalent power as low as 40 pW/Hz1/2 at 900 GHz. By furtherreducing the gate length down to 0. 2 micron, a noise-equivalent power of 6pW/Hz1/2 has been achieved. This thesis provides detailed experimentaltechniques and device simulation for revealing the self-mixing mechanismincluding a scanning probe technique for evaluating the effectiveness ofterahertz antennas. As such, the thesis could be served as a valuableintroduction towards further development of high-sensitivity field-effect terahertzdetectors for practical applications.
Fields and Their Quanta: Making Sense of Quantum Foundations
by Art HobsonBecause of continuing debates about foundational issues as well as the recent consensus about non-locality, it is time to resolve the long-standing quantum enigmas. These include wave-particle duality, the double-slit experiment, quantum randomness, entanglement, superpositions, and measurement. This book presents that resolution, based on the insights that (1) quantum field theory tells us that reality comprises a set of universal quantized fields that fill the universe and (2) standard quantum mechanics is the non-relativistic limit of quantum field theory. An immediate consequence is that there are no particles and that quanta such as photons and electrons are highly unified ("coherent"), spatially extended bundles of field energy. Every quantum object is always a wave in a field. It is never a particle. As Steven Weinberg puts it, "The basic ingredients of nature are fields; particles are derivative phenomena." This immediately resolves, for one example, the puzzle of the double-slit experiment in which quanta such as photons and electrons individually interfere like waves as they pass through the slits yet they impact the screen like tiny particles. The resolution: each photon or electron is actually a wave that extends coherently across both slits and across the entire interference pattern, and collapses to a far smaller, atom-sized wave (not a particle) upon entangling non-locally with the screen. Thus quantum physicists can finally get their act together. It's about time: After more than 120 years, quantum physics still harbors embarrassing puzzles and physicists remain unable to reach a consensus about what the theory means. Large questions like "What is quantum physics about?" and "What is the meaning of the quantum state?" elicit diverse replies, all different yet all offered with supreme confidence. Every science has healthy differences of opinion, but quantum physics is beyond the pale. As Fields and their Quanta shows, we can dispense with the diverse interpretations such as consciousness-based views, the hypothesis that other universes are involved in wave function collapse, and the Copenhagen view that there is no quantum world. We can probably also dispense with the suggested reformulations such as the guiding wave hypothesis and various collapse mechanisms, although experimental tests of these are worth doing. Most of these are inspired by the measurement problem, but recent clarification concerning entanglement and non-locality shows that the measurement process is not paradoxical, and that standard quantum physics predicts collapse to a single outcome. Quantum physics can thus return to being a normal, objective, scientific endeavor with no special interpretation outside of standard (since Copernicus) scientific realism: Nature exists on its own with no need for observers, and we learn about nature by applying logical reasoning to natural phenomena as revealed by observation and experiment.
Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications
by Nemai Chandra KarmakarFIELDS AND WAVES IN ELECTROMAGNETIC COMMUNICATIONS A vital resource that comprehensively covers advanced topics in applied electromagnetics for the professional Electromagnetism (EM) is a highly abstract and complex subject that examines how exerting a force on charged particles is affected by the presence and motion of adjacent particles. The interdependence of the time varying electric and magnetic fields—one producing the other, and vice versa—has allowed researchers to consider them as a single coherent entity: the electromagnetic field. Under this umbrella, students can learn about numerous and varied topics, such as wireless propagation, satellite communications, microwave technology, EM techniques, antennas, and optics, among many others. Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications covers advanced topics in applied electromagnetics for the professional by offering a comprehensive textbook that covers the basics of EM to the most advanced topics such as the classical electron theory of matters, the mechanics model and macroscopic model. Specifically, the book provides a welcome all-in-one source on wireless and guided EM that deals in a wide range of subjects: transmission lines, impedance matching techniques, metallic waveguides, resonators, optical waveguides, optical fibres, antennas, antenna arrays, wireless systems, and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and more. The content is supported with innovative pedagogy, the most recent reports and working principles of relevant and contemporary technological developments including applications, specialist software tools, laboratory experiments, and innovative design projects. Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications readers will also find: Multiple practical examples, similes and illustrations of interdisciplinary topics related to wireless and guided electromagnetism Explanations of new topics with support of basic theories connected to real-world contexts and associated applications Sets of technology applications that rely on advanced electromagnetism A series of review questions and drills, end-of-chapter problems, and exercises to help enforce what was learned in each chapter Fields and Waves in Electromagnetic Communications is an ideal textbook for graduate students and senior undergraduates studying telecommunication and wireless communication. It is also a useful resource for industry engineers and members of defense services. Moreover, the book is an excellent non-specialist engineering reference able to be used in other disciplines, such as biomedical engineering, mechatronics, computer science, materials engineering, civil and environmental engineering, physics, network engineering, and wireless services.
Fields of Force: The Development of a World View from Faraday to Einstein. (Routledge Library Editions: 20th Century Science)
by William BerksonThis book describes the picture of reality given by Newton, and the development of the later picture of reality given by field theory. In telling this story, the author explains what problem each scientist faced, and how the process of solving them led to new discoveries. By this method he gives unique insight into the understanding of Einstein’s special theory of relativity, as he explains exactly what problems led to the invention of the theory, and exactly where Einstein’s solution differed from his predecessors’. A similar analysis is given of the discoveries of Faraday, Maxwell, Hertz and Lorentz. The problem-oriented approach of the book, originally published in 1974, enables the reader to share in the original creative process, and in the excitement of the discoveries. It puts physics problems into new perspective and discusses the philosophical implications of the history - an illuminating account of a great episode in the history of thought.
Fields, Forces, and Flows in Biological Systems
by Alan J GrodzinskyFields, Forces, and Flows in Biological Systems describes the fundamental driving forces for mass transport, electric current, and fluid flow as they apply to the biology and biophysics of molecules, cells, tissues, and organs. Basic mathematical and engineering tools are presented in the context of biology and physiology.The chapters are structured in a framework that moves across length scales from molecules to membranes to tissues. Examples throughout the text deal with applications involving specific biological tissues, cells, and macromolecules. In addition, a variety of applications focus on sensors, actuators, diagnostics, and microphysical measurement devices (e.g., bioMEMs/NEMs microfluidic devices) in which transport and electrokinetic interactions are critical.This textbook is written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in biological and biomedical engineering and will be a valuable resource for interdisciplinary researchers including biophysicists, physical chemists, materials scientists, and chemical, electrical, and mechanical engineers seeking a common language on the subject.
Fields, Forces, and Flows in Biological Systems
by Alan J. GrodzinskyDescribes the fundamental driving forces for mass transport, electric current, and fluid flow as they apply to the biology and biophysics of molecules, cells, tissues, and organs. This textbook presents basic mathematical and engineering tools in the context of biology and physiology.
Fiesers' Reagents for Organic Synthesis (Fiesers' Reagents for Organic Synthesis #28)
by Tse-Lok HoFiesers' Reagents for Organic Synthesis provides an up-to-date, A-to-Z listing of reagents cited in synthetic literature.• Covers, in volume 29, chemical literature and methodologies from 2013-mid 2014• Features entries with concise descriptions, illustrations of chemical reactions, selected examples of applications• Includes author indexes and subject indexes• Offers practical information on reagents’ usefulness, where to find complete details
Fiesers' Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Volume 28
by Tse-Lok HoFiesers' Reagents for Organic Synthesis provides an up-to-date, A-to-Z listing of reagents cited in synthetic literature. * Covers, in volume 28, chemical literature and methodologies from July 2011 - December 2012* Features entries with concise descriptions, illustrations of chemical reactions, selected examples of applications* Includes author indexes and subject indexes* Offers practical information on making/buying reagent, its usefulness, where to find complete details
Fifty Materials That Make the World
by Ian BakerThis book introduces materials and how advances in materials result in advances in technology and our daily lives. Each chapter covers a particular material, how the material was discovered or invented, when it was first used, how this material has impacted the world, what makes the material important, how it is used today, and future applications. The list of materials covered in this book includes stone, wood, natural fibers, metals, clay, lead, iron, steel, silicon, glass, rubber, composites, polyethylene, rare earth magnet, and alloys.
Fifty Plants That Changed the Course of History
by Bill LawsOf course, we are entirely dependent on plants for our food and the air we breathe, but did you know that 5,000 mature English oak trees were used in the construction of Admiral Nelson’s flagship HMS Victory, or that sweet peas were involved in the birth of the science of genetics? King Cotton was the driver of the slave trade, which was the first domino to fall in the American Revolution, and cotton was also the catalyst for the Industrial Revolution. <p><p>These, and many other extraordinary facts in Fifty Plants that Changed the Course of History, highlight the dynamic ways in which plants have influenced human history. This beautifully designed and illustrated volume provides an engaging guide to the fifty key plants that have had the most impact on human history. Packed full of information, the book includes details about the habitat and characteristics of each plant, fact boxes, full colour photographs and lovely botanical illustrations. Weaving together strands of economic, political and agricultural history, each entry is a fascinating look at the most influential plants known to mankind.
Fifty Years of Cytochrome P450 Research
by Hiroshi YamazakiThis book encompasses major progress and future directions in cytochrome P450 (P450) research. Included are contributions by pioneers in the discovery of P450, with chapters on the molecular and functional properties of P450 and cutting-edge applications knowledge from various fields. P450 research has its roots in metabolism, but the true beginning was in 1962 with the publication by Tsuneo Omura and Ryo Sato in The Journal of Biological Chemistry on their discovery of the cytochrome. Following this groundbreaking study, over the last half-century, research has revealed that many forms of P450 exist in animals, plants and microorganisms. P450 research has expanded into many different fields including medicine, agriculture and biotechnology and has drawn the attention of industries for its bioengineering applications, such as drug development and creation of the "blue rose". Also, research on nuclear receptors, which has grown out of research on the regulatory mechanisms of P450 genes, has become an important area in biology, medical science, pharmacology and clinical medicine--for example, with recent developments in personalized medicines. This book will draw readers into the important and exciting world of P450 and will encourage young students and scientists in P450 research to continue expanding the field via new approaches.
Fifty Years of Evolution in Biological Research: Progress and Decline
by Jacques BalthazartResearch in biology and all basic sciences has undergone profound transformations in recent decades. We have seen the development of extremely sophisticated techniques, allowing us to study, in an objective manner, questions that were still considered science fiction at the end of the 20th century. All of this has allowed us to develop an in-depth knowledge of vast subjects, such as the biology of the brain, for example. Fifty Years of Evolution in Biological Research presents a panorama of these different technical advances. However, at the same time, there has been an increase in the number of constraints on researchers, a monetization of research and a correlative pressure to continually publish in more prestigious journals. This has resulted in a certain degradation of the quality of research activity. This book analyzes this evolution and proposes solutions.
Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology: The Legacy of Charles Elton
by David M. RichardsonInvasion ecology is the study of the causes and consequences of the introduction of organisms to areas outside their native range. Interest in this field has exploded in the past few decades. Explaining why and how organisms are moved around the world, how and why some become established and invade, and how best to manage invasive species in the face of global change are all crucial issues that interest biogeographers, ecologists and environmental managers in all parts of the world. This book brings together the insights of more than 50 authors to examine the origins, foundations, current dimensions and potential trajectories of invasion ecology. It revisits key tenets of the foundations of invasion ecology, including contributions of pioneering naturalists of the 19th century, including Charles Darwin and British ecologist Charles Elton, whose 1958 monograph on invasive species is widely acknowledged as having focussed scientific attention on biological invasions.
Fifty Years of Quasars
by Mauro D'Onofrio Paola Marziani Jack W. SulenticThe 50th anniversary of the discovery of quasars in 1963 presents an interesting opportunity to ask questions about the current state of quasar research. Formatted as a series of interviews with noted researchers in the field, each of them asked to address a specific set of questions covering topics selected by the editors, this book deals with the historical development of quasar research and discusses how advances in instrumentation and computational capabilities have benefitted quasar astronomy and have changed our basic understanding of quasars. In the last part of the book the interviews address the current topic of the role of quasars in galaxy evolution. They summarise open issues in understanding active galactic nuclei and quasars and present an outlook regarding what future observational facilities both on the ground and in space might reveal. Its interview format, the fascinating topic of quasars and black holes, and the lively recollections and at times controversial views of the contributors make this book both rewarding and a pleasure to read!
Fig (Food Bioactive Ingredients Ser.)
by Mohamed Fawzy RamadanThis book creates a multidisciplinary forum of discussion on Ficus carica with particular emphasis on its horticulture, post-harvest, marketability, phytochemistry, extraction protocols, biochemistry, nutritional value, functionality, health-promoting properties, ethnomedicinal applications, technology and processing. The impact of traditional and innovative processing on the recovery of high-added value compounds from Ficus carica byproducts is extensively reported. Also, the text discusses the potential applications of Ficus carica in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Fig (Ficus carica): Production, Processing, and Properties illustrates a diversity of developments in food science and horticultural research including:Production, processing, chemistry, and functional properties of Ficus carica.Ficus carica phytochemicals and its health-promoting effects.Food, non-food and technological applications of Ficus carica.Recent research focuses on studying the bioactive compounds and therapeutic traits and investigating the mode of action and toxicological impacts of medical plant extracts and bioactive phytochemicals. Ficus carica is of significant importance due to its widespread food, industrial and medicinal applications. Although Ficus carica products are already commercially available in the international market, it is hard to find a reference work covering the production, processing, chemistry and properties of Ficus carica. This book will be the first publication focusing specifically on this important topic.
Fighting Campylobacter Infections: Towards a One Health Approach (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology #431)
by Steffen BackertThis edited volume explores Campylobacter species, which are some of the most important foodborne pathogens. Above all, contaminated poultry meat can cause human gastroenteritis in both developed and developing countries. The respective contributions reveal how these infections can also increase the risk of generalized paralytic diseases such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome, and Chinese paralytic syndrome. Due to their influence on the nervous system, circulatory system, and various organs, Campylobacter infections represent a serious public health concern.Campylobacter can be effectively combated by addressing the hygienic conditions in both food production and human lifestyles. Accordingly, the authors put forward a One Health perspective, which provides readers with essential insights into the basic biology of Campylobacter, as well as practical guidance on aspects ranging from food production to the clinical treatment of infections.Chapter 'Natural Competence and Horizontal Gene Transfer in Campylobacter’ is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Fighting Fake News: Teaching Students to Identify and Interrogate Information Pollution (Corwin Literacy)
by Michael W. Smith Jeffrey D. Wilhelm Deborah Appleman Hugh KessonCritical thinking and online reading need to go hand in hand—but they often don’t. Students click, swipe, and believe because they don’t know how to do otherwise. At times, so do we. And that’s a problem. Fighting Fake News combats this challenge by helping you model how to read, myth-bust, truth-test, and respond in ways that lead to wisdom rather than reactivity. No matter what content you teach, the lessons showcased here provide engaging, collaborative reading and discussion experiences so students can: Notice how teacher and peers read digital content, to be mindful of how various reading pathways influence perception Identify the author background, the website sponsor, and other evidence that help set a piece in context Stress-test the facts by evaluating news sources, reading laterally, and other critical reading strategies Use "Reader’s Rules of Notice" to learn to identify common rhetorical devices used to influence the reader Be aware of how for-profit social media platforms feed on our responses to narrow rather than widen our reading landscape We are still in the wild west era of the digital age, scrambling to impart a safer, ethical framework for evaluating information. Thankfully, it distills to one mission: teach students (and ourselves) how to think critically, and we will forever have the tools to fight fake news.
Fighting Fake News: Teaching Students to Identify and Interrogate Information Pollution (Corwin Literacy)
by Michael W. Smith Jeffrey D. Wilhelm Deborah Appleman Hugh KessonCritical thinking and online reading need to go hand in hand—but they often don’t. Students click, swipe, and believe because they don’t know how to do otherwise. At times, so do we. And that’s a problem. Fighting Fake News combats this challenge by helping you model how to read, myth-bust, truth-test, and respond in ways that lead to wisdom rather than reactivity. No matter what content you teach, the lessons showcased here provide engaging, collaborative reading and discussion experiences so students can: Notice how teacher and peers read digital content, to be mindful of how various reading pathways influence perception Identify the author background, the website sponsor, and other evidence that help set a piece in context Stress-test the facts by evaluating news sources, reading laterally, and other critical reading strategies Use "Reader’s Rules of Notice" to learn to identify common rhetorical devices used to influence the reader Be aware of how for-profit social media platforms feed on our responses to narrow rather than widen our reading landscape We are still in the wild west era of the digital age, scrambling to impart a safer, ethical framework for evaluating information. Thankfully, it distills to one mission: teach students (and ourselves) how to think critically, and we will forever have the tools to fight fake news.