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Gangs and Organized Crime
by George W. Knox Gregg Etter Carter F. SmithIn <i>Gangs and Organized Crime</i>, George W. Knox, Gregg W. Etter, and Carter F. Smith offer an informed and carefully investigated examination of gangs and organized crime groups, covering street gangs, prison gangs, outlaw motorcycle gangs, and organized crime groups from every continent. The authors have spent decades investigating gangs as well as researching their history and activities, and this dual professional-academic perspective informs their analysis of gangs and crime groups. They take a multi-disciplinary approach that combines criminal justice, public policy and administration, law, organizational behavior, sociology, psychology, and urban planning perspectives to provide insight into the actions and interactions of a variety of groups and their members. This textbook is ideal for criminal justice and sociology courses on gangs as well as related course topics like gang behavior, gang crime and the inner city, organized crime families, and transnational criminal groups. <i>Gangs and Organized Crime</i> is also an excellent addition to the professional’s reference library or primer for the general reader.
Gangs, Pseudo-Militaries, and Other Modern Mercenaries: New Dynamics in Uncomfortable Wars (International and Security Affairs Series #6)
by Max G. Manwaring Edwin G. Corr John T. Fishel<p>As the first decade of the twenty-first century has made brutally clear, the very definitions of war and the enemy have changed almost beyond recognition. Threats to security are now as likely to come from armed propagandists, popular militias, or mercenary organizations as they are from conventional armies backed by nation-states. In this timely book, national security expert Max G. Manwaring explores a little-understood actor on the stage of irregular warfare—the gang. <p>Since the end of the Cold War, some one hundred insurgencies or irregular wars have erupted throughout the world. Gangs have figured prominently in more than half of those conflicts, yet these and other nonstate actors have received little focused attention from scholars or analysts. This book fills that void. <p>Employing a case study approach, and believing that shadows from the past often portend the future, Manwaring begins with a careful consideration of the writings of V. I. Lenin. He then scrutinizes the Piqueteros in Argentina, gangs in Colombia, private armies in Mexico, Hugo Chavez's use of popular militias in Venezuela, and the looming threat of Al Qaeda in Western Europe. <p>As conventional warfare is increasingly eclipsed by these irregular and “uncomfortable” wars, Manwaring boldly diagnoses the problem and recommends solutions that policymakers should heed.</p>
Ganoderma Diseases of Tropical Crops
by Paul Bridge Dr Carmel A PilottiThe fungal genus Ganoderma includes around 80 currently recognized species that are widely distributed in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions, and cause disease in a range of economically important perennial crops and tree-like plants. Ganoderma root and lower stem rots have a significant impact on yields from crops including oil palm, coconut, beverage crops, Acacia and rubber. The identification of species responsible for stem and butt rots is often ambiguous as closely related species may only be distinguished by subtle morphological differences. Within species there can be considerable morphological plasticity and this can make morphology-based identification difficult, particularly for species described from a single specimen. Molecular techniques are helping to slowly resolve Ganoderma taxonomy but it will be some time (if ever) before the taxonomy is fully resolved. This book brings together information on Ganoderma species that are reported to be responsible for crop diseases in tropical and sub-tropical agriculture and covers taxonomy, biology, genetics, aetiology, epidemiology and control. This book is an essential resource for researchers in Ganoderma in crop science and tropical agriculture, as well as practitioners and industry.
Ganoderma and Health: Biology, Chemistry and Industry (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1181)
by Baoxue Yang Zhibin LinThis book presents a state-of-the-art report on recent advances concerning Ganoderma and where the field is going. Although some older work is also cited, the main focus is on advances made over the past 20 years in the research history, classification, chemical components and industry of Ganoderma. Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to maintain health and to treat diseases for more than two thousand years. Recently, its value has been demonstrated in preventing and treating certain diseases, such as tumors, liver disorders, renal injury, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, cerebral ischemia reperfusion, bronchitis etc. In addition, laboratory and clinical studies have confirmed that the chemical components of Ganoderma, such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides and triterpenes isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, produce diverse pharmacological effects. Ganoderma and its components play an important part in antioxidant stress, radical-scavenging, immunomodulation, and intracellular signaling regulation, and accordingly warrant further study. This book systematically reviews the latest advances in our understanding of Ganoderma’s basic knowledge, history of modern research, species, cultivation, components, spore polysaccharide and industry of Ganoderma, and offers researchers and graduate students valuable new insights into the development and clinical applications of Ganoderma and related products.
Ganoderma and Health: Pharmacology and Clinical Application (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1182)
by Baoxue Yang Zhibin LinThis book presents a state-of-the-art report on recent advances concerning Ganoderma and where the field is going. Although some older work is also cited, the main focus is on advances made over the past 20 years in the pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma.Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi) has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries to maintain health and to treat diseases for more than two thousand years. Recently, its value has been demonstrated in preventing and treating certain diseases, such as tumors, liver disorders, renal injury, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, cerebral ischemia reperfusion, bronchitis etc. In addition, laboratory and clinical studies have confirmed that the chemical components of Ganoderma, such as Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides and triterpenes isolated from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, produce diverse pharmacological effects. Ganoderma and its components play an important part in antioxidant stress, radical-scavenging, immunomodulation, and intracellular signaling regulation, and accordingly warrant further study. This book systematically reviews the latest advances in our understanding of pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma, and offers researchers and graduate students valuable new insights into the pharmacology and clinical applications of Ganoderma and related products.
Ganoderma: Cultivation, Chemistry and Medicinal Applications, Volume 1
by Krishnendu Acharya Somanjana KhatuaGanoderma holds significant traditional importance in various ethnic cultures around the world, particularly in China, Japan, and Korea. Many indigenous traditions have incorporated Ganoderma into medicinal practices, being considered a symbol of longevity, vitality, and good health. At present, the taxon is believed to possess various health benefits and is used to treat ailments and promote overall well-being. In this context, the first volume of the book, titled Ganoderma: Cultivation, Chemistry and Medicinal Applications, aims to comprehensively cover the taxonomy, morphological features, domestication strategies, structures of secondary metabolites, and therapeutic prospects of Ganoderma. It may serve as a definite resource for students, researchers, healthcare professionals, traditional medicine practitioners, and enthusiasts.FEATURES Provides a comprehensive classification system for Ganoderma species, highlighting their taxonomy and distinguishing characteristics Delves into the techniques and practices involved in cultivating Ganoderma, offering detailed guidance for individuals interested in growing this valuable fungus Explores the cultural and traditional significance of Ganoderma in various ethnic cultures intertwined with customs, beliefs, rituals, myths, and folklore around the world Investigates the secondary metabolites of Ganoderma, highlighting their implications Examines diverse bioactivities associated with Ganoderma, including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, prebiotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritis, anticancer, hypolipidemic, and cholesterol-lowering effects This book includes relevant illustrations, diagrams, and images to enhance the understanding of concepts associated with Ganoderma.
Ganymede (Cambridge Planetary Science)
by Martin Volwerk, Melissa Mcgrath, Xianzhe Jia and Tilman SpohnWith ESA's upcoming JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) mission to Jupiter and Ganymede, this book provides a fascinating and timely summary of our current knowledge about Ganymede: the largest moon in the Solar System and the only one with an intrinsic magnetic field. Written by a team of multidisciplinary experts spanning geology, space physics and habitability, it provides up-to-date knowledge about Ganymede. The history of its discovery, formation, surface, atmosphere and space environment are discussed in accessible language and supported by the enormous amount of data obtained by Galileo, the Hubble Space Telescope and earlier missions. The latest surface maps of Ganymede are also presented, providing an invaluable reference for graduate students and researchers working in planetary science.
Ganzkörper-Elektromyostimulation: Effekte, Limitationen, Perspektiven einer innovativen Trainingsmethode (essentials)
by Michael Fröhlich Wolfgang Kemmler Christoph EiflerDas vorliegende Essential versteht sich als kompaktes Nachschlagewerk für Fragen und Aspekte rund um die innovative Trainingstechnologie Ganzkörper-Elektromyostimulation (WB-EMS). Neben Hintergründen und Informationen zur WB-EMS Applikation, bei der die Autoren besonderes Augenmerk auf die sichere und effektive Anwendung legen, erfolgt eine aktuelle Übersicht über Forschungsergebnisse, welche die Effekte von WB-EMS auf unterschiedliche Zielgrößen zusammenfasst. Abschließend wird eine Charakterisierung der Marksituation sowie derzeitiger Trends und eine Prognose von Entwicklungen im Spannungsfeld WB-EMS vorgelegt.
Gap Junction Channels and Hemichannels (Methods in Signal Transduction Series)
by Donglin Bai Juan C. SáezGap junction channels are a group of intercellular channels expressed in tissues and organs to synchronize many physiological processes. A gap junction channel is formed by the docking of two hemichannels, and each hemichannel is a hexamer of connexins. The field of gap junction channel and hemichannel research has recently exploded and became one of the most active areas of cell biology. Numerous novel approaches and techniques have been developed, but there is no single book dedicated to the unique techniques and protocols employed for the research on these large pore channels. This book fills the gap and focuses on protocols, approaches and reviews of gap junction channels and connexin hemichannels. It will be a useful reference for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows and researchers. Anyone with an interest in gap junction channels and hemichannels will need this summary of state-of-the-art techniques and protocols.
Gap Junction Protocols
by Mathieu Vinken Scott R. JohnstonePresenting state-of-the-art protocols to study gap junctions, this detailed book first focuses on the use of methods and tools to investigate the different aspects of connexin expression and gap junction regulation. The second part of the volume describes several methods to probe gap junction functionality as such. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Gap Junction Protocols is intended for basic and applied researchers in the area of biomedical and life sciences, both in academic and industrial settings.
Garden Centre Management
by Ken CraferGarden Centre management has professionalised in recent years as garden centres have become more highly developed retail operations. Many students of horticulture are expected to go into retail management and so the topic has increasingly appeared on the further education curriculum. This book is equally targeted at students, garden centre managers and professional courses in garden centre management. It provides a practical approach backed up by management theory. The text covers consumer behaviour, staff management, stock management, marketing and productivity.
Garden Centre Management
by Ken CraferGarden Centre management has professionalised in recent years as garden centres have become more highly developed retail operations. Many students of horticulture are expected to go into retail management and so the topic has increasingly appeared on the further education curriculum. This book is equally targeted at students, garden centre managers and professional courses in garden centre management. It provides a practical approach backed up by management theory. The text covers consumer behaviour, staff management, stock management, marketing and productivity.
Garden Flora: The Natural and Cultural History of the Plants In Your Garden
by Noel Kingsbury“A beautifully illustrated reference book covers the origins, ecology and history of popular garden plants.” —Shelf Awareness The oldest rose fossil was found in Colorado and dates to 35 million years ago. Marigolds, infamous for their ability to self-seed, are named for an Etruscan god who sprang from a ploughed field. And daffodils—an icon of spring—were introduced to Britain by the Romans more than 2,000 years ago. Every garden plant has an origination story, and Garden Flora, by noted garden designer Noel Kingsbury, shares them in a beautifully compelling way. This lushly illustrated survey of 133 of the most commonly grown plants explains where each plant came from and the journey it took into home gardens. Kingsbury tells intriguing tales of the most important plant hunters, breeders, and gardeners throughout history, and explores the unexpected ways plants have been used. Richly illustrated with an eclectic mix of new and historical photos, botanical art, and vintage seed packets and catalogs, Garden Flora is a must-have reference for every gardener and plant lover.
Garden Guesthouse: Is It What Jesus Intended?
by Nancy Cote Amy TaoHave you ever heard of a bug hotel? There are some insects that help plants by spreading pollen and improving the soil, but they don’t always show up in every garden. To help encourage them to move in, some gardeners build little houses for them!
Garden Plants Taxonomy: Volume 1: Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Monocots)
by Bijan DehganHorticulture has remained far behind in understanding of botanical principles. Recent phylogenetic (DNA-based) reorganization of higher plants has revolutionized taxonomic treatments of all biological entities, even when morphology does not completely agree with their organization. This book is an example of applying principals of botanical phylogenetic taxonomy to assemble genera, species, and cultivars of 200 vascular plant families of ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms that are cultivated for enhancement of human living space; homes, gardens, and parks. The emphases are on cultivated species but examples of some plants are often shown in the wild and in landscapes. In providing descriptions, it is assumed that students and other interested individuals have no background in general botany (plant characteristics), or nomenclature. Fundamental features of all plant groups discussed are fully illustrated by original watercolor drawings or photographs. Discussion of the families is grounded on recent botanical phylogenetic treatments, which is based on common ancestry (monophyly). Of course, phylogenetic taxonomy is not a new concept, and was originally based on morphological characteristics; it is the DNA-based phylogeny that has revolutionized modern biological classifications. In practical terms, this book represents the horticultural treatment that corresponds to phylogenetic-based botanical taxonomy, to which is added cultigens and cultivated genera and species. Hence, the harmony between horticultural and botanical taxonomy. This book covers phylogenetic-based taxonomy of Ferns, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms (Monocots). A companion volume covers Angiosperms (Eudicots).
Garden Ponds
by Dennis Kelsey-Wood Tom BarthelIn this colorful Garden Ponds Made Easy title, authors Dennis Kelsey-Wood and Tom Barthell have provided an essential guide for first-time pond enthusiasts. The authors outline all of the considerations for starting out with a new pond, including determining the site, style, size of the pond, and deciding on the construction of the pond (whether preformed, concrete, or fiberglass). Garden Ponds offers a chapter on water which discusses water chemistry factors, volume of the pond, and pond surface. Other important factors involve the aeration, filtration, drainage, and maintenance of a clean (algae-free) pond. Special features, including waterfalls, fountains, and watercourses, electricity, and landscaping are addressed in detail, all accompanied by color photographs and drawings. A chapter on pond construction details every step of the project from creating a blueprint to securing the foundation. The infinite choices involved with stocking the pond with fish and plants can be overwhelming for the first-time pond owner, and the authors give excellent advice about making smart choices for a harmonious, beautiful garden pond. A special chapter on seasonal pond care gives the pond keeper recommendations for maintaining the pond all year long. Resources and glossary included.
Garden Practices and Their Science
by Geoff DixonWritten in a clear and accessible style, Garden Practices and Their Science guides gardeners in the practical arts of plant husbandry and in their understanding of its underpinning principles. The author, Professor Geoff Dixon, is an acknowledged and internationally respected horticulturist and microbiologist; he intertwines these arts and principles carefully, expertly leading readers from one to the other. Achieving the manipulation of plant life is described in eight full-colour, well-illustrated chapters covering the growing of potatoes, bulb onions, legumes, small-seeded vegetables, soft fruit, bulbs and herbaceous ornamentals in great detail. Environmental factors controlling the successful husbandry of these crops is described in simple, non-technical language, increasing gardeners’ enjoyment and competence. Gardeners are also informed of the tools and equipment they require and their safe use. Also provided are a series of simple, straightforward tests identifying the aerial and soil environments beneficial for plant growth using readily accessible domestic tools. Discussions of very straightforward techniques for vegetative propagation conclude this book. Each chapter ends with a list of the gardening knowledge that has been gained by readers. The structure of this book fulfils a longstanding need for descriptions of practical skills integrated with the corresponding biological reactions of plants. Emphasis is placed on gardeners’ development of healthy soils, which encourage vigorous, active root systems capable of withstanding stresses—an aspect of gardening that rarely receives sufficient attention. Tailored for readers requiring clear and concise directions, this very practical book is an instruction manual directed at early-stage gardening learners. These include people of all ages and requirements such as new garden owners, allotment-holders, apprentices and students of basic levels in the Royal Horticultural Society’s or City & Guilds qualifications, career changers, community gardeners and those needing applied biological knowledge for GCSE examinations.
Gardening Under Lights: The Complete Guide for Indoor Growers
by Leslie F. Halleck“If you want to grow plants indoors, you need this book.” —Niki Jabbour, author and staff writer at savvygardening.comGardening Under Lights is a highly-detailed, accessible guide for seed starters, plant collectors, houseplant fans, and anyone who wants to successfully garden indoors any time of the year. You’ll learn the basics of photosynthesis, the science of light, how to accurately measure how much light a plant needs, and details about the most up-to-date tools and gear available. Also included are tips and techniques for helping ornamental plants (like orchids, succulents, bonsai, and more) and edible plants (arugula, cannabis, oregano, tomatoes, and more) thrive indoors. Whether you are a vegetable gardener who wants to extend the growing season, a balcony gardener short on outdoor space, or a specialty plant collector, Gardening Under Lights is a must-have.
Gardening for Geeks: All the Science You Need for Successful Organic Gardening
by Christy WilhelmiThe founder of Gardenerd.com presents ultimate guide to organic gardening for geeks who want to know the science behind flourishing flora. In Gardening for Geeks, Christy Wilhelmi breaks down the biology and ecology of gardening in an engaging and accessible way. She explains how plants work, how soil lives, how bugs help, and much more. Plus she offers practical advice on everything from planning to pest control. Filled with more than one hundred fifty photos, step-by-step processes, helpful diagrams and illustrations, and expert tips, this beginner's guide covers all the gardening basics, whether you're planting in the country or in an urban area. Christy then introduces more advanced concepts, strategies, and techniques to help you get the most out of your garden. This edition also includes plant profiles, the latest research and terminology, and more photographs and illustrations.
Gardening for Kids: Learn, Grow, and Get Messy with Fun STEAM Projects
by Brandy StoneSharpen STEAM skills—and have a blast—with educational gardening projects for kids 8 to 12Discover how fun and educational growing plants can be. Gardening for Kids is packed with essential information for beginner gardeners and tons of awesome projects that help kids grow their science, technology, engineering, art, and math (STEAM) skills.Go outside with easy-to-try experiments that will teach you all about the environment, plants, and what it takes to grow and maintain your very own garden. Find out what your soil is made of, make a miniature greenhouse, race seeds, and so much more!Gardening for Kids provides:Gardening 101—Learn everything you need to get your garden started today, from basic safety tips to helpful advice on caring for your plants.25 Gardening projects—Dig into the natural world with a ton of fun experiments like sprouting food scraps, building plant forts, and more—each one focusing on specific STEAM skills.A chance to grow together—This book features handy tips for expanding projects to work with groups of kids so you can share the fun in classrooms and community gardens.Grow a love of science, technology, engineering, art, and math—plus lots of plants—with Gardening for Kids.
Gardens and Human Agency in the Anthropocene (Routledge Environmental Humanities)
by Ana Simões Maria Paula Diogo Ana Duarte Rodrigues Davide ScarsoThis volume discusses gardens as designed landscapes of mediation between nature and culture, embodying different levels of human control over wilderness, defining specific rules for this confrontation and staging different forms of human dominance. The contributing authors focus on ways of rethinking the garden and its role in contemporary society, using it as a crossover platform between nature, science and technology. Drawing upon their diverse fields of research, including History of Science and Technology, Environmental Studies, Gardens and Landscape Studies, Urban Studies, and Visual and Artistic Studies, the authors unveil various entanglements woven in the past between nature and culture, and probe the potential of alternative epistemologies to escape the predicament of fatalistic dystopias that often revolve around the Anthropocene debate. This book will be of great interest to those studying environmental and landscape history, the history of science and technology, historical geography, and the environmental humanities.
Garment Sizing and Pattern Making (SDGs and Textiles)
by Yasir Nawab Muhammad Qamar Khan Ick Soo KimThis book investigates the best possibilities of garments constructions through proper pattern techniques which can enhance the efficiency of organization and minimize the wastage of materials within sustainable developments. It also enhances the importance of sizing system for brands & suppliers for development of garment fit, garment comfort and durable garments. It also covers the many practical areas, such as education and skill development, improved garment quality, standardization and consistency, innovation and customization, reducing wastage, cost savings, improved fit and customer satisfaction, cross-disciplinary applications, accessibility and global impact, industry advancements, etc. In conclusion, this is a comprehensive book on garment sizing and pattern making, which has a substantial impact on the fashion and clothing industry, from education and skill development to improved product quality, standardization, and sustainability. It plays a vital rolein shaping the future of fashion design and production and empowers the designers for the best entrepreneur.
Garrett Morgan: Inventor Hero
by Paula MorrowGarrett Morgan was an inventor concerned for the well-being of other people. His inventions included the safety hood gas mask and signals that set the standard for today's traffic lights. It is easy to see that the lives of many people were made better or saved by Garrett Morgan’s inventions.
Gas Accretion onto Galaxies
by Andrew Fox Romeel DavéThis edited volume presents the current state of gas accretion studies from both observational and theoretical perspectives, and charts our progress towards answering the fundamental yet elusive question of how galaxies get their gas. Understanding how galaxies form and evolve has been a central focus in astronomy for over a century. These studies have accelerated in the new millennium, driven by two key advances: the establishment of a firm concordance cosmological model that provides the backbone on which galaxies form and grow, and the recognition that galaxies grow not in isolation but within a "cosmic ecosystem" that includes the vast reservoir of gas filling intergalactic space. This latter aspect in which galaxies continually exchange matter with the intergalactic medium via inflows and outflows has been dubbed the "baryon cycle". The topic of this book is directly related to the baryon cycle, in particular its least well constrained aspect, namely gas accretion. Accretion is a rare area of astrophysics in which the basic theoretical predictions are established, but the observations have been as yet unable to verify the expectations. Accretion has long been seen around the Milky Way in so-called High Velocity Clouds, but detecting accretion even around nearby galaxies has proved challenging; its multi-phase nature requires sensitive observations across the electromagnetic spectrum for full characterization. A promising approach involves looking for kinematic signatures, but accretion signatures are often confused with internal motions within galaxies. Accretion studies therefore touch a wide range of astrophysical processes, and hence a wide cross-section of the astronomical community. As observational facilities are finally able to access the wavelength ranges and depths at which accretion processes may be manifest, the time is right to survey these multiple lines of investigation and determine the state of the field in accretion studies of the baryon cycle.
Gas Adsorption in Metal-Organic Frameworks: Fundamentals and Applications
by T. Grant Glover and Bin MuThis text discusses the synthesis, characterization, and application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the purpose of adsorbing gases. It provides details on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, mass transfer, and diffusion that are commonly required when evaluating MOF materials for gas separation and storage applications and includes a discussion of molecular simulation tools needed to examine gas adsorption in MOFs. Additionally, the work presents techniques that can be used to characterize MOFs after gas adsorption has occurred and provides guidance on the water stability of these materials. Lastly, applications of MOFs are considered with a discussion of how to measure the gas storage capacity of MOFs, a discussion of how to screen MOFs to for filtration applications, and a discussion of the use of MOFs to perform industrial separations, such as olefin/paraffin separations. Throughout the work, fundamental information, such as a discussion on the calculation of MOF surface area and description of adsorption phenomena in packed-beds, is balanced with a discussion of the results from research literature.