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Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare
by Rafael Goncalves Licursi de MelloUnderstand the metasurface revolution in electronic warfare Electronic warfare (EW) ensures safe usage of the electromagnetic spectrum by one’s own forces while denying it to adversaries. Modern warfare is an extraordinarily fluid and dynamic activity, with numerous involved systems reconfigurable at the front or back ends. Metasurfaces, however, are artificially engineered surfaces that promise to take this dynamism to unprecedented levels by making platforms (aircraft, vessels, etc.) and the environment itself reconfigurable – a revolution that even major EW authorities have yet to fully comprehend. Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare outlines the parameters of this revolution and its transformative potential in the EW space. Beginning with a historical overview of EW dynamism, it then provides the electromagnetic basics to understand metasurfaces, their operation mechanisms, and capacity for shaping electromagnetic waves. A series of detailed studies of metasurface applications in EW makes this an indispensable guide to an increasingly dynamic battlefield. Readers will also find: Clear cost-benefit analyses of metasurface substitutions in modern EW scenarios Detailed discussion of metasurface applications including stealth, electronic support, electronic attack, electronic protection, their use in drone swarms, smart environments, and more Simulations of EW scenarios with accompanying MATLAB codes and exercises Metasurface-driven Electronic Warfare is ideal for EW analysts, specialists, and operators, as well as signals intelligence and electrical engineering researchers and students. Because it covers the essentials in both areas, the book is also appropriate to support graduate courses on metasurfaces or EW.
Metasurfaces: Towards Tunable and Reconfigurable Meta-devices (Microfluidics and Nanophotonics: Science and Engineering #1)
by Ai-Qun Liu Weiming ZhuMetamaterials and metasurfaces are developing exciting new frontier researches on reconfigurable materials with promising applications on tunable and active devices. The combination of metamaterials and microsystems not only uncap the controllability limits of optical metamaterials, but also pave the way for vast applications. This book focuses on structural reconfiguration of metasurfaces and metamaterials using microsystems, which have previously been developed for tiny machines and droplets formations. It covers multi-disciplinary researches on reconfigurable metamaterials and metasurfaces revealing their potential applications on densely integrated devices with working frequencies ranging from GHz to infrared region. Topics like MEMS metamaterials, frequency selective surface, photonic reconfigurable metasurfaces, and microfluidic metamaterials are just a few examples, which present lively research communities within the scope of this book. This book is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in fundamental science and technology of micro-optics and artificial materials, researchers in the field of reconfigurable and tunable metamaterials, and engineers working on tunable lens, Lidar, beam steering devices, or other applications.
Metathesis in Natural Product Synthesis: Strategies, Substrates and Catalysts
by Stellios Arseniyadis Janine Cossy Christophe MeyerEmphasizing the impact of metathesis in natural product synthesis through the different types of key reactions, this is a comprehensive view of a hot topic. Written by top international authors, this ready reference is clearly structured and packed with important information, including representative experimental procedures for practical applications. A real must-have for anyone working in natural product synthesis.
Metaverse and Sustainability: Business Resilience Towards Sustainable Development Goals (World Sustainability Series)
by Walter Leal Filho Sandeep Kautish Vijay Prakash GuptaIn an era defined by rapid technological advancement and growing concerns over environmental sustainability, the intersection of the Metaverse and sustainable development presents both remarkable opportunities and formidable challenges. This book, "Metaverse and Sustainability: Business Resilience towards the Sustainable Development Goals", aims to explore this dynamic relationship and provide readers with insights into how businesses can leverage the Metaverse to not only thrive but also contribute positively towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). As the concept of the Metaverse evolves, it offers a digital realm where immersive experiences can reshape our interactions, economies, and even our perceptions of sustainability. It opens the door for innovative solutions that can transform traditional business models, making them more efficient, inclusive, and environmentally friendly. By harnessing the potential of virtual environments, organisations can engage stakeholders, reduce their carbon footprint, and promote sustainable practices in unprecedented ways. This book is structured to guide readers through the fundamental concepts of the Metaverse, its implications for various industries, and strategies that businesses can adopt to build resilience in face of sustainability challenges. Each chapter combines theoretical foundations with practical applications, case studies, and insights from industry leaders who are already paving the way towards a more sustainable future. As the world embarks on this journey through the synergy of the Metaverse and sustainability, this book show emerging technologies can serve as catalysts for positive change.
Metazoa - Morphologie und Evolution der vielzelligen Tiere: Ein Praxisbuch zum Zoologischen Praktikum
by Günter Purschke Achim PaululatDie vielzelligen Tiere - Metazoa - haben im Laufe der Evolution alle erdenklichen Lebensräume, die unsere Erde bietet, erfolgreich besiedelt. Ihre Körper vollbringen dabei Höchstleistungen, um unter oft widrigen Bedingungen zu überleben, zu wachsen und zur Reproduktion zu kommen. Stetig Nachkommen zeugen, Gene weitergeben und durch Mutationen Anpassungen an sich ändernde und neue Lebensräume erreichen, ist das Erfolgsgeheimnis der Evolution. Aber wie ist der Körper eines Tieres aufgebaut, um solche Leistungen zu erbringen? Welche Organe besitzen Tiere, wie nehmen sie ihre Umwelt wahr, und in welchem evolutionären Zusammenhang stehen die auf den ersten Blick so unterschiedlichen Organismen? Dies sind nur einige exemplarisch ausgewählte Fragen, die sich jede Biologiestudentin und jeder Biologiestudent am Anfang des Studiums stellt. Dieses Buch stellt die wichtigsten Baupläne ausgewählter Tiere vor und ist als modernes Praxisbuch konzipiert. Es soll allen Studierenden, die im Rahmen Ihrer zoologischen Ausbildung in experimentellen Übungen Tiere präparieren, helfen, die grundlegenden Körperformen und -strukturen, die in den jeweiligen Tiergruppen auftreten, zu erkennen und zu verstehen. Was sind die wichtigsten Merkmale, die Nematoden, Anneliden, Insekten usw. auszeichnet und jeweils zum evolutiven Erfolg dieser Tiergruppen beigetragen haben? Wo gibt es Gemeinsamkeiten und wo Unterschiede? Wie viele unterschiedliche Lösungen hat die Evolution für ein bestimmtes biologisches Problem gefunden? Die Vermittlung der Morphologie und Anatomie der Tiere, ihrer so genannten Grundbaupläne und der evolutiven Zusammenhänge ist das Ziel des vorliegenden Werkes. Dafür setzen die Autoren konsequent auf fokussierte kompakte Texte und Fotografien, die nicht nur die wichtigsten äußeren Merkmale der Tiere zeigen, sondern auch die Präparation Schritt für Schritt nachvollziehbar machen. Die Autoren wünschen sich, dass alle Biologiestudentinnen und -studenten mit Hilfe dieses neuen Buches erfolgreich ihr Zoologisches Praktikum bestehen werden, und neue Einblicke in die Morphologie und Evolution der Tiere gewinnen.
Metazoa: Animal Life and the Birth of the Mind
by Peter Godfrey-Smith"Enthralling . . . breathtaking . . . Metazoa brings an extraordinary and astute look at our own mind’s essential link to the animal world." —The New York Times Book ReviewThe scuba-diving philosopher who wrote Other Minds explores the origins of animal consciousnessDip below the ocean’s surface and you are soon confronted by forms of life that could not seem more foreign to our own: sea sponges, soft corals, and serpulid worms, whose rooted bodies, intricate geometry, and flower-like appendages are more reminiscent of plant life or even architecture than anything recognizably animal. Yet these creatures are our cousins. As fellow members of the animal kingdom—the Metazoa—they can teach us much about the evolutionary origins of not only our bodies, but also our minds.In his acclaimed 2016 book, Other Minds, the philosopher and scuba diver Peter Godfrey-Smith explored the mind of the octopus—the closest thing to an intelligent alien on Earth. In Metazoa, Godfrey-Smith expands his inquiry to animals at large, investigating the evolution of subjective experience with the assistance of far-flung species. As he delves into what it feels like to perceive and interact with the world as other life-forms do, Godfrey-Smith shows that the appearance of the animal body well over half a billion years ago was a profound innovation that set life upon a new path. In accessible, riveting prose, he charts the ways that subsequent evolutionary developments—eyes that track, for example, and bodies that move through and manipulate the environment—shaped the subjective lives of animals. Following the evolutionary paths of a glass sponge, soft coral, banded shrimp, octopus, and fish, then moving onto land and the world of insects, birds, and primates like ourselves, Metazoa gathers their stories together in a way that bridges the gap between mind and matter, addressing one of the most vexing philosophical problems: that of consciousness.Combining vivid animal encounters with philosophical reflections and the latest news from biology, Metazoa reveals that even in our high-tech, AI-driven times, there is no understanding our minds without understanding nerves, muscles, and active bodies. The story that results is as rich and vibrant as life itself.
Meteor Showers
by Gary W. KronkMeteor showers are among the most spectacular celestial events that may be observed by the naked eye, and have been the object of fascination throughout human history. In "Meteor Showers: An Annotated Catalog," the interested observer can access detailed research on over 100 annual and periodic meteor streams in order to capitalize on these majestic spectacles. Each meteor shower entry includes details of their discovery, important observations and orbits, and gives a full picture of duration, location in the sky, and expected hourly rates. Armed with a fuller understanding, the amateur observer can better view and appreciate the shower of their choice. The original book, published in 1988, has been updated with over 25 years of research in this new and improved edition. Almost every meteor shower study is expanded, with some original minor showers being dropped while new ones are added. The book also includes breakthroughs in the study of meteor showers, such as accurate predictions of outbursts as well as comet and meteor observations from the 6th century to the 17th century that were not published in the first edition. It holds all of the information needed to inspire a new observer or provide deeper knowledge to the long-time enthusiast.
Meteorite Mineralogy (Cambridge Planetary Science #26)
by Alan Rubin Chi MaMeteorites are fascinating cosmic visitors. Using accessible language, this book documents the history of mineralogy and meteorite research, summarizes the mineralogical characteristics of the myriad varieties of meteorites, and explains the mineralogical characteristics of Solar System bodies visited by spacecraft. Some of these bodies contain minerals that do not occur naturally on Earth or in meteorites. The book explains how to recognize different phases under the microscope and in back-scattered electron images. It summarizes the major ways in which meteoritic minerals form – from condensation in the expanding atmospheres of dying stars to crystallization in deep-seated magmas, from flash-melting in the solar nebula to weathering in the terrestrial environment. Containing spectacular back-scattered electron images, colour photographs of meteorite minerals, and with an accompanying online list of meteorite minerals, this book provides a useful resource for meteorite researchers, terrestrial mineralogists, cosmochemists and planetary scientists, as well as graduate students in these fields
Meteorite: How Stones from Outer Space Made Our World
by Tim GregoryExplore the universe and immerse yourself in the story of our solar system, planet, and life through meteorites.Meteorites have long been seen as portents of fate and messages from the gods, their fiery remains inspiring worship and giving rise to legends that have persisted for millennia. But beyond the lore, meteorites tell an even greater story: that of our solar system. In Meteorite, geologist Tim Gregory shows that beneath the charred crusts of these celestial stones lies a staggering diversity of rock types. Their unique constituents, vibrant colors, and pungent smells contain thrilling tales of interstellar clouds, condensing stardust, and the fiery collisions of entire worlds. Gregory explores the world of meteorites to uncover new insights into what our solar system was like before our sun became a star, into the forging of our planet, and into the emergence of life on it. Humans have long looked to the skies for answers to big questions. Meteorite reveals how science is finally arriving at those answers.
Meteorite: The Stones From Outer Space That Made Our World
by Tim GregoryEvery rock has a story tell, and none more so than those which have fallen from the sky: meteorites. Originating in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter, these rocky fragments offer clues not just to the earliest origins of the Solar System but also to Earth's very survival into the future.Sky at Night presenter, Dr Tim Gregory takes us on a journey through the very earliest days of our Solar System to the spectacular meteorite falls that produced 'fiery rain' in 1792, to the pre-solar grains (literally stardust) that were blown in from other solar systems and are the oldest solid objects ever discovered on earth. Meteorites reveal a story much bigger than ourselves or our planet. As Tim says, 'it is an epic beyond compare'.
Meteorite: The Stones From Outer Space That Made Our World
by Tim Gregory'Drawing on his deep technical education and boundless curiosity, Tim Gregory brings a childlike wonder of discovery to everything he sees. He shows an uncanny ability to swiftly understand, to clearly explain, and to be joyful in the process. His scientific delight is contagious' Chris HadfieldEvery rock has a story tell, and none more so than those which have fallen from the sky: meteorites. Originating in the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter, these rocky fragments offer clues not just to the earliest origins of the Solar System but also to Earth's very survival into the future.Sky at Night presenter, Dr Tim Gregory takes us on a journey through the very earliest days of our Solar System to the spectacular meteorite falls that produced 'fiery rain' in 1792, to the pre-solar grains (literally stardust) that were blown in from other solar systems and are the oldest solid objects ever discovered on earth. Meteorites reveal a story much bigger than ourselves or our planet. As Tim says, 'it is an epic beyond compare'.(P) 2020 Hodder & Stoughton Ltd
Meteoroids: Sources of Meteors on Earth and Beyond (Cambridge Planetary Science #25)
by Galina O. Ryabova David J. Asher Margaret D. Campbell-BrownThis definitive guide provides advanced students and researchers with a detailed yet accessible overview of all of the central topics of meteor science. Leading figures from the field summarise their active research on themes ranging from the physical composition of meteoroids to the most recent optical and radar observations and ongoing theoretical developments. Crucial practical issues are also considered, such as the risk posed by meteoroids - to spacecraft, and on the ground - and future avenues of research are explored. Taking advantage of the latest dynamical models, insights are offered into meteor flight phenomena and the evolution of meteoroid streams and complexes, as well as describing the in-depth laboratory analysis of recovered material. The rapid rate of progress in twenty-first-century research makes this volume essential reading for anyone who wishes to understand how recent developments broaden our understanding of meteors, meteoroids and their origins.
Meteorological and Air Quality Models for Urban Areas
by Alexander Baklanov Maria Athanassiadou Sue Grimmond Alexander MahuraThis book for the first time gives an overall view of the current situation in urbanization of meteorological and air quality models around the world. It discusses and makes recommendations on the best practice and strategy for urbanization of different types of meteorological and air quality models. Based on the selected presentations given at the COST728 workshop, the contributions are arranged in four parts: urban morphology and databases; parameterizations of urban canopy; strategy for urbanization of different types of models; and evaluation and city case studies / field studies. The chapters treat either dynamic (on wind and turbulent) and thermal effects (on temperature and energy in general). The final chapter of this volume summarizes the discussion and conclusions from the four main topics and provides recommendations and future requirements. This monograph is oriented towards numerical weather prediction and air quality modelling communities.
Meteorology Today: An Introduction to Weather, Climate, and the Environment
by Robert Henson C. Donald AhrensNIMAC-sourced textbook
Meteorology for Wind Energy
by Lars LandbergMost practitioners within wind energy have only a very basic knowledge about meteorology, leading to a lack of understanding of one of the most fundamental subjects in wind energy. This book will therefore provide an easy-to-understand introduction to the subject of meteorology, as seen from the viewpoint of wind energy. Catering for a range of academic backgrounds, the book is mathematically rigorous with accessible explanations for non-mathematically oriented readers. Through exercises in the text and at the end of each chapter the reader will be challenged to think, seek further information and practice the knowledge obtained from reading the book. This practical yet comprehensive reference will enable readers to fully understand the theoretical background of meteorology with wind energy in mind and will include topics such as: measurements; wind profiles; wakes; modelling; turbulence and the fundamentals of atmospheric flow on all scales including the local scale. Key features: * Provides practitioners of wind energy with a solid theoretical grounding in relevant aspects of meteorology enabling them to exercise useful judgment in matters related to resource estimation, wind farm development, planning, turbine design and electrical grids. * Supports a growing area of professional development with the increasing importance of wind energy estimation in all aspects of electrical energy production from wind. * Accompanying website includes data sets for exercises in data analysis, photographs, animations & worked examples, helping to further bridge the gap between theory and practice. Meteorology for Wind Energy: An Introduction is aimed at engineers, developers and project managers in the wind power and electrical utility sectors without the essential theoretical background required to understand the topic. It will also have significant appeal to senior undergraduate and postgraduate students of Wind Energy, Environmental Studies or Renewables Studies.
Meteors and How to Observe Them
by Robert LunsfordThe focus of this book is to introduce the novice to the art of meteor observing. It explains in straightforward language how best to view meteor activity under a variety of conditions, regardless of the observer's location. The observing conditions for each meteor shower are vastly different from each of the Earth's regions and this book would be valuable to any potential observer from Australia to Alaska. The calendar chapters list activity as it occurs throughout the year. The list is limited to showers that the amateur observer can actually see (some sources list radiants that are impossible to observe without photographic or video methods). Not only are the annual showers discussed, but the random sporadic meteor activity is also included for each region. This is important, as there are many more nights throughout the year when the sporadic background will provide more activity than that provided by the annual showers!
Methamphetamine Use: Clinical and Forensic Aspects, Second Edition
by Sandra B. McPherson Harold V. Hall Errol YudkoUpdated and expanded to reflect changes in recent years, this second edition covers virtually every aspect of this dangerous drug, including history, pharmacology, pathology, physiology, treatment, clinical and forensic psychology, and legal aspects. This edition features new chapters on criminal- and civil-forensic applications including an in-depth discussion of recent laws. Pointing out important cases, articles, and statistics, the text also presents chapters on neuropsychological testing; normative data on risk analysis and violence prediction; the physiology of tweaking, the most dangerous stage of the meth cycle; and the efficacy of treatment programs including examples from newly established drug courts.
Methane Activation and Utilization in the Petrochemical and Biofuel Industries
by Hao Xu Hua Song Jack Jarvis Shijun Meng Zhaofei Li Wenping LiThis book discusses effective and alternative uses for natural gas (NG) and highlights the utilization of NG in the field of methane activation and chemical production. It details the techniques used during the reforming process of petrochemical and bio-derived fuels and it presents cutting-edge research that describes the utilization of NG that enables it to be more cost-effective and eliminate the expensive greenhouse gas emitting process of hydrogen production. The book addresses three major topics: NG use in upstream heavy oil and bitumen upgrading, NG and its use in downstream oil refining through co-aromatization of various feeds in the petrochemical industry, and NG use in the upgrading of bio-derived fuels and discusses alternative uses of NG. In-depth chapters demonstrate uses for NG beyond heating homes, through catalysis and in-situ hydrogen donation, and its potential applications for the petrochemical and biofuel industries.
Methane Biocatalysis: Paving the Way to Sustainability
by Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya Xin-Hui XingThis book provides in-depth insights into the most recent developments in different areas of microbial methane and methanol utilization, including novel fundamental discoveries in genomics and physiology, innovative strategies for metabolic engineering and new synthetic approaches for generation of feedstocks, chemicals and fuels from methane, and finally economics and the implementation of industrial biocatalysis using methane consuming bacteria. Methane, as natural gas or biogas, penetrates every area of human activity, from households to large industries and is often promoted as the cleanest fuel. However, one should not forget that this bundle of energy, carbon, and hydrogen comes with an exceptionally large environmental footprint. To meet goals of long-term sustainability and human well-being, all areas of energy, chemicals, agriculture, waste-management industries must go beyond short-term economic considerations and target both large and small methane emissions. The search for new environment-friendly approaches for methane capture and valorization is an ongoing journey. While it is not yet apparent which innovation might represent the best solution, it is evident that methane biocatalysis is one of the most promising paths. Microbes are gatekeepers of fugitive methane in Nature. Methane-consuming microbes are typically small in number but exceptionally big in their impact on the natural carbon cycle. They control and often completely eliminate methane emission from a variety of biological and geothermal sources. The tremendous potential of these microbial systems, is only now being implemented in human-made systems. The book addresses professors, researchers and graduate students from both academia and industry working in microbial biotechnology, molecular biology and chemical engineering.
Methane Combustion over Lanthanum-based Perovskite Mixed Oxides
by Hamidreza ArandiyanThis book presents current research into the catalytic combustion of methane using perovskite-type oxides (ABO3). Catalytic combustion has been developed as a method of promoting efficient combustion with minimum pollutant formation as compared to conventional catalytic combustion. Recent theoretical and experimental studies have recommended that noble metals supported on (ABO3) with well-ordered porous networks show promising redox properties. Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) materials with interpenetrated and regular mesoporous systems have recently triggered enormous research activity due to their high surface areas, large pore volumes, uniform pore sizes, low cost, environmental benignity, and good chemical stability. These are all highly relevant in terms of the utilization of natural gas in light of recent catalytic innovations and technological advances. The book is of interest to all researchers active in utilization of natural gas with novel catalysts. The research covered comes from the most important industries and research centers in the field. The book serves not only as a text for researcher into catalytic combustion of methane, 3DOM perovskite mixed oxide, but also explores the field of green technologies by experts in academia and industry. This book will appeal to those interested in research on the environmental impact of combustion, materials and catalysis.
Methane and its Derivatives (Chemical Industries Ser. #70)
by Sunggyu Lee"Covers the chemistry, process chemistry, technology, engineering, and economics of methane conversion, including its environmental impact and commercial exploitation. Begins with methane's availability and increasing importance as an environmentally acceptable natural resource alternative and feedstock."
Methanol and the Alternate Fuel Economy (Energy, Environment, and Sustainability)
by Avinash Kumar Agarwal Akhilendra Pratap Singh Anirudh Gautam Nikhil SharmaThis book discusses the emerging research centred on using methanol- whose excellent fuel properties, easy production and relative compatibility with existing technology- make it attractive to researchers looking to alternative fuels to meet the rising energy demand. The volume is divided into broadly 4 parts which discuss various aspects of the proposed methanol economy and the technological advances in engine design for the utilisation of this fuel. This book will be of interest to researchers and policy makers interested in using methanol as the principal source of ready and stored energy in societal functioning.
Methanol: The Basic Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future
by Martin Bertau Heribert Offermanns Ludolf Plass Friedrich Schmidt Hans-Jürgen WernickeMethanol - The Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future offers a visionary yet unbiased view of methanol technology. Based on the groundbreaking 1986 publication "Methanol" by Friedrich Asinger, this book includes contributions by more than 40 experts from industry and academia. The authors and editors provide a comprehensive exposition of methanol chemistry and technology which is useful for a wide variety of scientists working in chemistry and energy related industries as well as academic researchers and even decision-makers and organisations concerned with the future of chemical and energy feedstocks.
Methanotrophs: Microbiology Fundamentals and Biotechnological Applications (Microbiology Monographs #32)
by Eun Yeol LeeThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the microbiological fundamentals and biotechnological applications of methanotrophs: aerobic proteobacteria that can utilize methane as their sole carbon and energy source. It highlights methanotrophs’ pivotal role in the global carbon cycle, in which they remove methane generated geothermally and by methanogens. Readers will learn how methanotrophs have been employed as biocatalysts for mitigating methane gas and remediating halogenated hydrocarbons in soil and underground water. Recently, methane has also attracted considerable attention as a potential next-generation carbon feedstock for industrial biotechnology, because of its abundance and low price. Methanotrophs can be used as biocatalysts for the production of fuels, chemicals and biomaterials including methanobactin from methane under environmentally benign production conditions. Sharing these and other cutting-edge insights, the book offers a fascinating read for all scientists and students of microbiology and biotechnology.