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Modeling The Environment
by Andrew FordModeling the Environment was the first textbook in an emerging field—the modeling techniques that allow managers and researchers to see in advance the consequences of actions and policies in environmental management. This new edition brings the book thoroughly up to date and reaffirms its status as the leading introductory text on the subject. System dynamics is one of the most widely known and widely used methods of modeling. The fundamental principles of this approach are demonstrated here with a wide range of examples, including geo-hydrology, population biology, epidemiology and economics. The applications demonstrate the transferability of the systems approach across disciplines, across spatial scales, and across time scales. All of the models are implemented with stock and flow software programs such as Stella and Vensim. These programs are easy and fun to learn, and they allow students to develop realistic models within the first few weeks of a college course. System dynamics has emerged as the most common approach in collaborative projects to address environmental problems. The stock and flow structures and the emphasis on feedback control provide a common language that is understood by scientists from many disciplines. Although the interdisciplinary approach described here is widely used in practice, there are few books to aid instruction. Modeling the Environment meets the urgent need for instructional materials in interdisciplinary modeling of environmental systems.
Modeling Thermodynamic Distance, Curvature and Fluctuations
by Viorel BadescuThis textbook aimsto briefly outline the main directions in which the geometrization ofthermodynamics has been developed in the last decades. The textbook isaccessible to people trained in thermal sciences but not necessarily withsolid formation in mathematics. For this, in the first chapters a summary of themain mathematical concepts is made. In some sense, this makes thetextbook self-consistent. The rest of the textbook consists of a collection ofresults previously obtained in this young branch of thermodynamics. The manner ofpresentation used throughout the textbook is adapted for ease ofaccess of readers with education in natural and technical sciences.
Modeling Tools for Environmental Engineers and Scientists
by Nirmala KhandanModeling Tools for Environmental Engineers and Scientists enables environmental professionals, faculty, and students with minimal computer programming skills to develop computer-based mathematical models for natural and engineered environmental systems. The author illustrates how commercially available syntax-free authoring software can be adapted
Modeling Transcriptional Regulation: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2328)
by Shahid MukhtarThis book provides methods and techniques used in construction of global transcriptional regulatory networks in diverse systems, various layers of gene regulation and mathematical as well as computational modeling of transcriptional gene regulation. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Modeling Transcriptional Regulation: Methods and Protocols aims to provide an in depth understanding of new techniques in transcriptional gene regulation for specialized audience.
Modeling US Armor of World War 2
by Steven J. ZalogaUnited States tanks and other armored fighting vehicles in World War II have always been some of the most popular subjects for scale modelers, and hundreds of kits have been and are currently manufactured. Now, renowned modeler and AFV expert, Steven J. Zaloga, presents the definitive guide to modeling these famous fighting vehicles. Based around four building projects, Zaloga presents all the techniques necessary to get a great finish on a model, including super-detailing, correcting a flawed kit, building a resin model, scratch building, and painting and markings. These step-by-step guides is enhanced by numerous photographs specially shot form Steven's personal collection of US WWII armor, which looks at the vehicles with a modeler's eye and aid in obtaining the most realistic results on a finished project.
Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences
by Jef CaersModeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences highlights the various issues, techniques and practical modeling tools available for modeling the uncertainty of complex Earth systems and the impact that it has on practical situations. The aim of the book is to provide an introductory overview which covers a broad range of tried-and-tested tools. Descriptions of concepts, philosophies, challenges, methodologies and workflows give the reader an understanding of the best way to make decisions under uncertainty for Earth Science problems.The book covers key issues such as: Spatial and time aspect; large complexity and dimensionality; computation power; costs of 'engineering' the Earth; uncertainty in the modeling and decision process. Focusing on reliable and practical methods this book provides an invaluable primer for the complex area of decision making with uncertainty in the Earth Sciences.
Modeling Waves with Numerical Calculations Using Python (Synthesis Lectures on Wave Phenomena in the Physical Sciences)
by Rhett AllainNumerical calculations (what many call computational physics) is a core tool in modern physics. With numerical methods it’s possible to solve problems that would otherwise be impossible. Most physics students and educators have at least some exposure to the wave equation. It shows up in many different contexts—light, quantum mechanics, and even a simple wave on a string. However, it can be difficult to come up with non-trivial solutions to the wave equation. This text goes through the techniques to create a numerical model of the wave equation starting from the very basics and using free and open source tools such as Python and Web VPython.
Modeling and Analysis of Bio-molecular Networks
by Pei Wang Jinhu LüThis book addresses a number of questions from the perspective of complex systems: How can we quantitatively understand the life phenomena? How can we model life systems as complex bio-molecular networks? Are there any methods to clarify the relationships among the structures, dynamics and functions of bio-molecular networks? How can we statistically analyse large-scale bio-molecular networks? Focusing on the modeling and analysis of bio-molecular networks, the book presents various sophisticated mathematical and statistical approaches. The life system can be described using various levels of bio-molecular networks, including gene regulatory networks, and protein-protein interaction networks. It first provides an overview of approaches to reconstruct various bio-molecular networks, and then discusses the modeling and dynamical analysis of simple genetic circuits, coupled genetic circuits, middle-sized and large-scale biological networks, clarifying the relationships between the structures, dynamics and functions of the networks covered. In the context of large-scale bio-molecular networks, it introduces a number of statistical methods for exploring important bioinformatics applications, including the identification of significant bio-molecules for network medicine and genetic engineering. Lastly, the book describes various state-of-art statistical methods for analysing omics data generated by high-throughput sequencing. This book is a valuable resource for readers interested in applying systems biology, dynamical systems or complex networks to explore the truth of nature.
Modeling and Analysis of Linear Hyperbolic Systems of Balance Laws
by Krzysztof BarteckiThismonograph focuses on the mathematical modeling of distributed parameter systemsin which mass/energy transport or wave propagation phenomena occur and whichare described by partial differential equations of hyperbolic type. The case oflinear (or linearized) 2 x 2 hyperbolic systems of balance laws isconsidered, i. e. , systems described by two coupled linear partial differentialequations with two variables representing physical quantities, depending onboth time and one-dimensional spatial variable. Basedon practical examples of a double-pipe heat exchanger and a transportationpipeline, two typical configurations of boundary input signals are analyzed: collocated, wherein both signals affect the system at the samespatial point, and anti-collocated, inwhich the input signals are applied to the two different end points of thesystem. Theresults of this book emerge from the practical experience of the author gainedduring his studies conducted in the experimental installation of a heatexchange center as well as from his research experience in the field of mathematicaland computer modeling of dynamic systems. The book presents valuable resultsconcerning their state-space, transfer function and time-domain representations,which can be useful both for the open-loop analysis as well as for theclosed-loop design. Thebook is primarily intended to help professionals as well as undergraduate andpostgraduate students involved in modeling and automatic control of dynamicsystems.
Modeling and Approximation in Heat Transfer
by Leon R. Glicksman John H. Lienhard VEngineers face many challenges in systems design and research. Modeling and Approximation in Heat Transfer describes the approach to engineering solutions through simplified modeling of the most important physical features and approximating their behavior. Systematic discussion of how modeling and associated synthesis can be carried out is included - in engineering practice, these steps very often precede mathematical analysis or the need for precise results.
Modeling and Control Strategies for a Fuel Cell System (Springer Theses)
by Yashan XingThis book reports on a comprehensive study on the modeling, online and offline parameter estimation and control strategies for fuel cell systems. Upon reviewing the control-oriented modeling of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell systems (PEMFC) and solid oxide fuel cell systems (SOFC), it describes a new a set of methodologies to estimate the parameters of these models, both online and offline. In turn, it reports on the design of different control systems for PEMFC and SOFC. Experimental findings are shown to demonstrate the efficiency of the newly developed methods in practical applications, and their improved performance over classical methods.
Modeling and Control of Antennas and Telescopes
by Wodek GawronskiThe book shows, step by step, the design, implementation, and testing of the antenna/telescope control system, from the design stage (analytical model) to fine tuning of the RF beam pointing (monopulse and conscan). The purpose of this book is to present the implementation of the new theoretical developments in structural dynamics and control theory in the antenna and telescope industry. Also to present the significant improvement in pointing accuracy of the antenna and telescope when the presented techniques are implemented. This book fills the need in the antenna/telescope control techniques. For long time, since 1990 when the last book was published, there was no publication on the antenna/telescope/radar modeling and control.
Modeling and Control of Batch Processes: Theory and Applications (Advances in Industrial Control)
by Prashant Mhaskar Abhinav Garg Brandon CorbettModeling and Control of Batch Processes presents state-of-the-art techniques ranging from mechanistic to data-driven models. These methods are specifically tailored to handle issues pertinent to batch processes, such as nonlinear dynamics and lack of online quality measurements. In particular, the book proposes:a novel batch control design with well characterized feasibility properties;a modeling approach that unites multi-model and partial least squares techniques;a generalization of the subspace identification approach for batch processes; and applications to several detailed case studies, ranging from a complex simulation test bed to industrial data. The book’s proposed methodology employs statistical tools, such as partial least squares and subspace identification, and couples them with notions from state-space-based models to provide solutions to the quality control problem for batch processes. Practical implementation issues are discussed to help readers understand the application of the methods in greater depth. The book includes numerous comments and remarks providing insight and fundamental understanding into the modeling and control of batch processes. Modeling and Control of Batch Processes includes many detailed examples of industrial relevance that can be tailored by process control engineers or researchers to a specific application. The book is also of interest to graduate students studying control systems, as it contains new research topics and references to significant recent work. Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.
Modeling and Control of Complex Systems (ISSN #26)
by Andreas Pitsillides Petros A. IoannouThere is an emerging interest in the area of modeling and control of complex systems for applications in many engineering and non-engineering fields such as biology, transportation, robotics, information technology, and communications. This text provides a pioneering, single-source compilation of material from internationally renowned experts with different approaches to the applications of modeling and control of complex systems. Sections cover complex systems, biological systems, communication networks, sensor networks and automation, autonomous vehicles and robotics, transportation systems and structures, and others. The authors highlight the most important areas of research, the latest advances, and possible future directions.
Modeling and Control of Precision Actuators
by Tan Kok Kiong Huang SunanModeling and Control of Precision Actuators explores new technologies that can ultimately be applied in a myriad of industries. It covers dynamical analysis of precise actuators and strategies of design for various control applications. The book addresses four main schemes: modeling and control of precise actuators; nonlinear control of precise actuators, including sliding mode control and neural network feedback control; fault detection and fault-tolerant control; and advanced air bearing control. It covers application issues in the modeling and control of precise actuators, providing several interesting case studies for more application-oriented readers. Introduces the driving forces behind precise actuators Describes nonlinear dynamics of precise actuators and their mathematical forms, including hysteresis, creep, friction, and force ripples Presents the control strategies for precise actuators based on Preisach model as well as creep dynamics Develops relay feedback techniques for identifying nonlinearities such as friction and force ripples Discusses a MPC approach based on piecewise affine models which emulate the frictional effects in the precise actuator Covers the concepts of air bearing stages with the corresponding control method Provides a set of schemes suitable for fault detection and accommodation control of mechanical systems Emphasizing design theory and control strategies, the book includes simulation and practical examples for each chapter; covers precise actuators such as piezo motors, coil motors, air bearing motors, and linear motors; discusses integration among different technologies; and includes three case studies in real projects. The book concludes by linking design methods and their applications, emphasizing the key issues involved and how to implement the precision motion control tasks in a practical system. It provides a concise and comprehensive source of the state-of-the-art developments and results for modeling and control of precise actuators.
Modeling and Control of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (Springer Theses)
by Alejandro Clemente LeónThis book presents extensive work on the modeling and control aspects of the emerging field of vanadium redox flow batteries. After providing a detailed literature review, it describes a comprehensive model that defines the main phenomena associated with vanadium redox flow batteries, covering electrochemical, thermal, hydraulic, and voltage aspects. Phenomena and models are described in a concise manner using a set of differential equations that share common parameters and states. Various electrochemical models based on conservation principles and operating condition assumptions are described, and used for estimating the state of charge and state of health. Different methodologies for accurately estimating these indicators through offline optimization problems and online observers are presented. In turn, the results obtained from real experimental setups are presented and validated, providing a better understanding of the components, design, and operation of vanadium redox flow batteries.
Modeling and Diagnostics of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
by Ugur Pasaogullari Chao-Yang WangThis volume of Modern Aspects in Electrochemistry covers the latest advances in diagnostics and modeling of polymer electrolyte fuel cells, presented by leading experts in the field. The volume is divided into two parts: part I reviews the state of the art in diagnostics of low temperature fuel cells, while part II covers the relevant modeling efforts.
Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power
by Qiuwei Wu Yuanzhang SunAn essential reference to the modeling techniques of wind turbine systems for the application of advanced control methods This book covers the modeling of wind power and application of modern control methods to the wind power control—specifically the models of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines. The modeling aspects will help readers to streamline the wind turbine and wind power plant modeling, and reduce the burden of power system simulations to investigate the impact of wind power on power systems. The use of modern control methods will help technology development, especially from the perspective of manufactures. Chapter coverage includes: status of wind power development, grid code requirements for wind power integration; modeling and control of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine generator (WTG); optimal control strategy for load reduction of full scale converter (FSC) WTG; clustering based WTG model linearization; adaptive control of wind turbines for maximum power point tracking (MPPT); distributed model predictive active power control of wind power plants and energy storage systems; model predictive voltage control of wind power plants; control of wind power plant clusters; and fault ride-through capability enhancement of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants. Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power also features tables, illustrations, case studies, and an appendix showing a selection of typical test systems and the code of adaptive and distributed model predictive control. Analyzes the developments in control methods for wind turbines (focusing on type 3 and type 4 wind turbines) Provides an overview of the latest changes in grid code requirements for wind power integration Reviews the operation characteristics of the FSC and DFIG WTG Presents production efficiency improvement of WTG under uncertainties and disturbances with adaptive control Deals with model predictive active and reactive power control of wind power plants Describes enhanced control of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power is ideal for PhD students and researchers studying the field, but is also highly beneficial to engineers and transmission system operators (TSOs), wind turbine manufacturers, and consulting companies.
Modeling and Simulation for Material Selection and Mechanical Design (Mechanical Engineering)
by George E. Totten Lin Xie Kiyoshi FunataniThis reference describes advanced computer modeling and simulation procedures to predict material properties and component design including mechanical properties, microstructural evolution, and materials behavior and performance. The book illustrates the most effective modeling and simulation technologies relating to surface-engineered compounds, fastener design, quenching and tempering during heat treatment, and residual stresses and distortion during forging, casting, and heat treatment. With contributions from internationally recognized experts in the field, it enables researchers to enhance engineering processes and reduce production costs in materials and component development.
Modeling and Simulation in Chemical Engineering: Project Reports on Process Simulation (Heat and Mass Transfer)
by Christo BoyadjievThis book presents a theoretical analysis of the modern methods used for modeling various chemical engineering processes. Currently, the two primary problems in the chemical industry are the optimal design of new devices and the optimal control of active processes. Both of these problems are often solved by developing new methods of modeling. These methods for modeling specific processes may be different, but in all cases, they bring the mathematical description closer to the real processes by using appropriate experimental data. In this book, the authors detail a new approach for the modeling of chemical processes in column apparatuses. Further, they describe the types of neural networks that have been shown to be effective in solving important chemical engineering problems. Readers are also presented with mathematical models of integrated bioethanol supply chains (IBSC) that achieve improved economic and environmental sustainability. The integration of energy and mass processes is one of the most powerful tools for creating sustainable and energy efficient production systems. This book defines the main approaches for the thermal integration of periodic processes, direct and indirect, and the recent integration of small-scale solar thermal dryers with phase change materials as energy accumulators. An exciting overview of new approaches for the modeling of chemical engineering processes, this book serves as a guide for the important innovations being made in theoretical chemical engineering.
Modeling and Simulation in Ecotoxicology with Applications in MATLAB and Simulink
by Kenneth R. DixonExploring roles critical to environmental toxicology, Modeling and Simulation in Ecotoxicology with Applications in MATLAB and Simulink covers the steps in modeling and simulation from problem conception to validation and simulation analysis. Using the MATLAB and Simulink programming languages, the book presents examples of mathematical functions a
Modeling and Simulation in Thermal and Fluids Engineering
by Krishnan MurugesanThis textbook comprehensively covers the fundamentals behind mathematical modeling of engineering problems to obtain the required solution. It comprehensively discusses modeling concepts through conservation principles with a proper blending of mathematical expressions. The text discusses the basics of governing equations in algebraic and differential forms and examines the importance of mathematics as a tool in modeling. It covers important topics including modeling of heat transfer problems, modeling of flow problems, modeling advection-diffusion problems and Navier-Stokes equations in depth. Pedagogical features including solved problems and unsolved exercises are interspersed throughout the text for better understanding. The textbook is primarily written for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of mechanical engineering for courses on modeling and simulation. The textbook will be accompanied by teaching resource including a solution manual for the instructors.
Modeling and Simulation of Capsules and Biological Cells (Chapman And Hall/crc Mathematical Biology Ser.)
by C. PozrikidisIn the past three decades, considerable progress has been made in the mathematical analysis, modelling, and simulation of the fluid dynamics of liquid capsules and biological cells, and interest in this area is now at an all-time high. This book features a collection of chapters contributed by acknowledged leaders in the field who explore topics re
Modeling and Simulation of Catalytic Reactors for Petroleum Refining
by Jorge AncheytaModeling and Simulation of Catalytic Reactors for Petroleum Refining deals with fundamental descriptions of the main conversion processes employed in the petroleum refining industry: catalytic hydrotreating, catalytic reforming, and fluid catalytic cracking. Common approaches for modeling of catalytic reactors for steady-state and dynamic simulations are also described and analyzed. Aspects such as thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, process variables, process scheme, and reactor design are discussed in detail from both research and commercial points of view. Results of simulation with the developed models are compared with those determined at pilot plant scale as well as commercial practice. Kinetics data used in the reactor model are either taken from the literature or obtained under controlled experiments at the laboratory.
Modeling and Simulation of Chemical Process Systems
by Nayef GhasemIn this textbook, the author teaches readers how to model and simulate a unit process operation through developing mathematical model equations, solving model equations manually, and comparing results with those simulated through software. It covers both lumped parameter systems and distributed parameter systems, as well as using MATLAB and Simulink to solve the system model equations for both. Simplified partial differential equations are solved using COMSOL, an effective tool to solve PDE, using the fine element method. This book includes end of chapter problems and worked examples, and summarizes reader goals at the beginning of each chapter.