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Natural Inflammatory Molecules in Fruits and Vegetables (SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science)
by Pasqualina Laganà Ramesh Kumar Sharma Maria Anna ConiglioThis book explores the role that some natural molecules found in fruits and vegetables, and their derivatives, play in excessive oxidation reactions that lead to inflammation in the human body. Particular attention is given to oxidation during food processing, especially when it comes to high-energy foods (derived from cereals) with notable amounts of oxidation-sensible lipids and protein chains. This book critically assesses the increased consumption of high-energy foods from a public health perspective. In addition, it provides an overview of the research into the unsaturated fatty acids and polypeptides responsible for nitric oxide production and elucidates the analytical identification of natural inflammatory molecules in fruits and vegetables. The book appeals not only to academic researchers and professors interested in public hygiene and food safety; medicine; food production; HACCP studies, but also to public health practitioners, and regulatory specialists and consultants.
Natural Interests: The Contest over Environment in Modern France
by Caroline FordChallenging the conventional trope that French environmentalism arose after WWII, Caroline Ford argues that a broad environmental consciousness emerged in France much earlier. In response to war, natural disasters, and imperialism, the bourgeoisie, along with politicians, engineers, naturalists, writers, and painters, took up environmental causes.
Natural Killer Cell Protocols
by Kerry S. CampbellAs the research has continued, it has become increasingly clear that natural killer (NK) cells are critical sentinels of the innate immune response, playing important roles in protecting the body from numerous pathogens and cancer in addition to contributing to normal pregnancy and impacting the outcomes of transplantation. While the first edition provided a valuable collection of classical cellular and in vivo techniques to study NK cell functions, the Second Edition of "Natural Killer Cell Protocols: Cellular and Molecular Methods" brings together more recently developed methods, more refined techniques, and detailed protocols designed to study NK cells within specialized tissue sites in both mice and humans. In this collection of methods, international leaders in the field cover topics ranging from the analysis of the various stages of NK cell development and maturation to specialized techniques for the identification of ligands for NK cell receptors. This volume also includes an appendix, providing a rich resource summarizing available reagents to study NK cells, cross-referencing KIR nomenclature, and detailing the many HLA ligands for various KIR family members. As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and thorough notes sections, highlighting tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, "Natural Killer Cell Protocols: Cellular and Molecular Methods, Second Edition" seeks to aid researchers and further advance our understanding of the functions, maturation, and regulation of these fascinating and dynamic cells.
Natural Kinds and Classification in Scientific Practice (History and Philosophy of Biology)
by Catherine KendigThis edited volume of 13 new essays aims to turn past discussions of natural kinds on their head. Instead of presenting a metaphysical view of kinds based largely on an unempirical vantage point, it pursues questions of kindedness which take the use of kinds and activities of kinding in practice as significant in the articulation of them as kinds. The book brings philosophical study of current and historical episodes and case studies from various scientific disciplines to bear on natural kinds as traditionally conceived of within metaphysics. Focusing on these practices reveals the different knowledge-producing activities of kinding and processes involved in natural kind use, generation, and discovery. Specialists in their field, the esteemed group of contributors use diverse empirically responsive approaches to explore the nature of kindhood. This groundbreaking volume presents detailed case studies that exemplify kinding in use. Newly written for this volume, each chapter engages with the activities of kinding across a variety of disciplines. Chapter topics include the nature of kinds, kindhood, kinding, and kind-making in linguistics, chemical classification, neuroscience, gene and protein classification, colour theory in applied mathematics, homology in comparative biology, sex and gender identity theory, memory research, race, extended cognition, symbolic algebra, cartography, and geographic information science. The volume seeks to open up an as-yet unexplored area within the emerging field of philosophy of science in practice, and constitutes a valuable addition to the disciplines of philosophy and history of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
Natural Kinds and Conceptual Change
by Joseph LaporteAccording to the received tradition, the language used to to refer to natural kinds in scientific discourse remains stable even as theories about these kinds are refined. In this illuminating book, Joseph LaPorte argues that scientists do not discover that sentences about natural kinds, like 'Whales are mammals, not fish', are true rather than false. Instead, scientists find that these sentences were vague in the language of earlier speakers and they refine the meanings of the relevant natural-kind terms to make the sentences true. Hence, scientists change the meaning of these terms, This conclusions prompts LaPorte to examine the consequences of this change in meaning for the issue of incommensurability and for the progress of science. This book will appeal to students and professional in the philosophy of science, the philosophy of biology and the philosophy of language.
Natural Lactones and Lactams
by Tomasz JaneckiWhile there are numerous books on heterocycles and natural products, this text fills the need for an up-to-date summary focusing on recently developed and improved synthetic methods for the preparation of the most important classes of lactones and lactams - all in one volume. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book also provides readers with a brief description of the occurrence and biological or pharmaceutical activity of the compounds, and each chapter deals with a certain class of lactones or lactames to enable quick access to the information needed. A valuable resource for organic chemists, biochemists and medicinal chemists in academia and industry wanting to learn about successful synthetic routes leading to important natural products and use this as inspiration for their own work in the lab.
Natural Language Processing for Electronic Design Automation
by Rolf Drechsler Mathias SoekenThis book describes approaches for integrating more automation to the early stages of EDA design flows. Readers will learn how natural language processing techniques can be utilized during early design stages, in order to automate the requirements engineering process and the translation of natural language specifications into formal descriptions. This book brings together leading experts to explain the state-of-the-art in natural language processing, enabling designers to integrate these techniques into algorithms, through existing frameworks.
Natural Law in the Spiritual World
by Henry Drummond"No class of works is received with more suspicion, I had almost said derision, than those which deal with Science and Religion. Science is tired of reconciliations between two things which never should have been contrasted; Religion is offended by the patronage of an ally which it professes not to need; and the critics have rightly discovered that, in most cases where Science is either pitted against Religion or fused with it, there is some fatal misconception to begin with as to the scope and province of either. But although no initial protest, probably, will save this work from the unhappy reputation of its class, the thoughtful mind will perceive that the fact of its subject-matter being Law-a property peculiar neither to Science nor to Religion-at once places it on a somewhat different footing."
Natural Magic: Emily Dickinson, Charles Darwin, and the Dawn of Modern Science
by Renée BerglandA captivating portrait of the poet and the scientist who shared an enchanted view of natureEmily Dickinson and Charles Darwin were born at a time when the science of studying the natural world was known as natural philosophy, a pastime for poets, priests, and schoolgirls. The world began to change in the 1830s, while Darwin was exploring the Pacific aboard the Beagle and Dickinson was a student in Amherst, Massachusetts. Poetry and science started to grow apart, and modern thinkers challenged the old orthodoxies, offering thrilling new perspectives that suddenly felt radical—and too dangerous for women.Natural Magic intertwines the stories of these two luminary nineteenth-century minds whose thought and writings captured the awesome possibilities of the new sciences and at the same time strove to preserve the magic of nature. Just as Darwin&’s work was informed by his roots in natural philosophy and his belief in the interconnectedness of all life, Dickinson&’s poetry was shaped by her education in botany, astronomy, and chemistry, and by her fascination with the enchanting possibilities of Darwinian science. Casting their two very different careers in an entirely fresh light, Renée Bergland brings to life a time when ideas about science were rapidly evolving, reshaped by poets, scientists, philosophers, and theologians alike. She paints a colorful portrait of a remarkable century that transformed how we see the natural world.Illuminating and insightful, Natural Magic explores how Dickinson and Darwin refused to accept the separation of art and science. Today, more than ever, we need to reclaim their shared sense of ecological wonder.
Natural Materials and Products from Insects: Chemistry and Applications
by Dhiraj Kumar Mohammad ShahidThis book reviews the latest research on bioproducts from various economically important insects, such as silkworms, honey bees, lac and drosophila, and termites, and discusses their general, biomedical and industrial applications in detail. It includes chapters focusing on insects as a food source, probiotics, silk-based biomaterials, insect pheromones, insects as biomedicine source, pupa oil chemistry, non-protein compounds from Lepidopteran insects, insect chitin and chitosan, polyphenols and flavonoids.Model insects like Bombyx mori or bees were domesticated in Asian countries thousands of years ago. Over time, natural products from these animals became industrialized and today they attracting increasing attention thanks to their sustainability and their manifold applications in agriculture and biomedicine. The book is intended for entomologists, material scientists, natural product researchers and biotechnologists.
Natural Materials for Food Packaging Application
by Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai; Aswathy Jayakumar; E. K. Radhakrishnan; Suchart Siengchin; Sabarish RadoorNatural Materials for Food Packaging Application Analyze the future of biodegradable food packaging with this cutting-edge overview Packaging plays an essential role in the production of food and its movement through the global supply chain. Food packaging has been a significant site of innovation recently, allowing consumers better access to natural and organic foods, extended shelf lives, and more. However, food packaging has become an increasingly serious environmental hazard, with the result that biodegradable food packaging has become a vital and growing area of research. Natural Materials for Food Packaging Application provides a thorough and detailed introduction to natural packaging and its applications in food transportation. Treating both recent innovations and prospective future developments, it provides readers with extensive insights into the current state of research in this field. The result is a volume designed to meet the aspirational needs of a sustainable food industry. Natural Materials for Food Packaging Application readers will also find: Detailed treatment of biodegradable packaging materials including thermo-plastic starch, polybutylene succinate, and more Discussion of subjects including chitosan-based food packaging films, clay-based packaging films, and more An authorial team with vast expertise in the field of biological polymer production Natural Materials for Food Packaging Applications is a useful reference for chemists, materials scientists, and food scientists, as well as for any industry professionals working in food distribution and the food supply chain.
Natural Mineral Materials (NIMS Monographs)
by Hideo HashizumeThis book presents natural minerals used as inorganic materials, and inorganic materials exchanging cations or anions in natural minerals for other ions not found in nature. In addition, composites such as natural mineral materials that interact with organic molecules or polymers are introduced according to how they are used.Readers can refer to this volume as a guidebook to search for specific inorganic materials, and, if they wish, can consult any part of it at random. The book will be especially helpful and of interest to both scientists and engineers.
Natural Mycotoxin Contamination in Humans and Animals
by Martin WeidenbörnerThis book presents a review of the existing literature on natural mycotoxins to create a comprehensive reference for mycotoxin levels. Each entry includes contamination, concentration rate, mostly mean mycotoxin concentration of organs (human and animal) and country of origin of the sample. Due to the serious spoilage and health issues the presence of mycotoxins can cause, it is imperative that corresponding scientists, health institutions and the food and feed industries have a more qualified understanding of mycotoxins in living things. To this end, Natural Mycotoxin Contamination in Humans and Animals provides an excellent resource. The present book complements the series of the author's previous books, Mycotoxins in Feedstuffs and Mycotoxins in Foodstuffs, in that it is a review of the literature to create a comprehensive reference for mycotoxin levels. As with Mycotoxins and their Metabolites in Humans and Animals, the focus remains the same, but the scope now covers natural mycotoxins only. Comprehensive reference of natural mycotoxin levels in humans and animals Easy-to-use database of mycotoxins Each entry is comprehensive
Natural Neuroscience: Toward a Systems Neuroscience of Natural Behaviors
by Nachum UlanovskyA new approach to brain research that emphasizes studying the brain under naturalistic conditions.Natural neuroscience departs from the classical reductionist approach, which emphasizes control at the expense of natural behaviors, by proposing a shift toward real-world relevance, natural behaviors, and ecological validity. In Natural Neuroscience, Nachum Ulanovsky presents the conceptual, empirical, and technological underpinnings that enabled this new field. Natural neuroscience researchers posit that when studying any brain region in any animal, whether standard mammalian species such as rodents and primates or nonstandard species, it is crucial to pursue the animal&’s natural behaviors and to consider the natural problems it needs to solve. By preventing rich natural behaviors, says Ulanovsky, we miss key aspects of brain function—and we may not even know what we miss.The author surveys recent studies that have begun to move in this direction across multiple subfields of neuroscience, including sensory, cognitive, social, and behavioral neuroscience. He discusses technological advances that are allowing the pursuit of more naturalistic experiments, including methods for recording neural activity in freely behaving, freely moving animals (e.g., wired and wireless electrophysiology and imaging); methods for manipulating neural activity in freely moving animals (e.g., wired and wireless optogenetics); and methods for quantifying the details of behavior. He makes connections across the four major scientific disciplines that focus on understanding behavior—neuroscience, behavioral ecology, ethology, and psychology—bringing them closer together, and closer to real life.
Natural Obsessions: Striving to Unlock the Deepest Secrets of the Cancer Cell
by Natalie AngierThis classic work of science writing chronicles the search for the origins of cancer—with a new introduction by the Pulitzer Prize–winning author.In Natural Obsessions, acclaimed science writer Natalie Angier holds a microscope up to the agony and ecstasy of scientific research. Angier spent close to a year observing the work of two prominent biologists—MIT’s Robert Weinberg and Michael Wigler of the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory—as they each doggedly pursue the mysteries of the cancer cell. Delving into the drama of scientific inquiry, Angier captures life inside the lab, opening a rare window into how scientists think, feel, and behave.Originally published in 1988, this edition of Natural Obsessions includes a new introduction by Angier as well as a foreword by the physician, poet, and author Lewis Thomas.
Natural Obsessions: The Search for the Oncogene
by Lewis Thomas Natalie AngierThe discovery of these genes and their role in human malignancy has been one of the most dramatic events in biology in the late twentieth century. In this book, Angier describes scientist Bob Weinberg, his research lab, and the dozens of scientists who work towards understanding the oncogene. She describes the dynamic of the lab and its workers as well as the details of each gene experiment.
Natural Or Man-Made? (My Science Library)
by Kelli HicksIntermediate Readers Distinguish Between Natural And Man-Made Objects.
Natural Oral Care in Dental Therapy
by Durgesh Nandini Chauhan Nagendra Singh Chauhan Prabhu Raj Singh Kamal ShahBecause of increasing antibiotic resistance, stronger antibiotics are reserved for serious active infection, paving the way for a greater use of herbal antibiotics. This book helps dentists in implementing safe and effective natural medicine therapies to complement the current practice guidelines. Oral diseases continue to be a major health problem world-wide. Oral health is integral to general well-being and relates to the quality-of-life that extends beyond the functions of the craniofacial complex. The standard Western medicine has had only limited success in the prevention of periodontal disease and in the treatment of a variety of oral diseases. The dentist needs to be more informed regarding the use, safety and effectiveness of the various traditional medicines and over-the-counter products. Herbal extracts have been used in dentistry for reducing inflammation, as antimicrobial plaque agents, for preventing release of histamine and as antiseptics, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antifungals, antibacterials, antivirals and analgesics. They also aid in healing and are effective in controlling microbial plaque in gingivitis and periodontitis and thereby improving immunity. The 26 chapters in this unique book explore all the measures to utilize the natural oral care obtained from plants, animals and mineral drugs for dental care.
Natural Parasite Control for Livestock: Pasture Management, Chemical-Free Deworming, Growing Antiparasitics, and More
by Wendy LombardiEverything You Need to Know about Natural Parasite Control for Livestock, All in One Place! This concise book is loaded with valuable information about ridding livestock of their unwanted guests. Whether you're raising sheep, pigs, horses, cows, chickens, goats, or other farm animals, this book will teach you how to keep them healthy and parasite-free through organic systems and without the use of harsh chemicals. It includes easy-to-follow scientific explanations, and provides research-based practices that really work. Internal parasite control can be accomplished naturally 1) through environmental modifications, 2) by producing and using easy-to-grow & harvest anti-parasitics, and, 3) by understanding the life-cycles and road blocks of internal parasites. In this practical guide you will learn about: Parasites, hosts, and lifecyclesHow to develop a working pasture rotation systemHow to create healthy pastures and clean watering systemsAdministering natural antiparasiticsGrowing, collecting, and processing natural and herbal antiparasiticsAnd more! This is a necessary reference manual for all sustainable, natural, animal-husbandry endeavors!
Natural Polymeric Materials based Drug Delivery Systems in Lung Diseases
by Jon Adams Kamal Dua Raimar Löbenberg Harish Dureja Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli PintoThis book comprehensively reviews the recent developments of natural polymers for drug delivery systems in various lung disorders. The initial chapter provides a brief introduction to lung diseases with a focus on the current landscape of natural polymers and trends in understanding the disease pathology. Several chapters of the book devoted to the latest technologies and advances in drug delivery systems include practical solutions on designing more effective drug delivery systems based on natural polymers that can be used in the management of lung diseases. Further, the book presents biodegradable and bio-reducible- natural polymers- based drug delivery systems for lung diseases. Towards the end, the book examines future prospects and challenges of natural polymers-based drug delivery systems in combating lung diseases. This book is useful for phytochemists, formulation/drug delivery, biological and translational researchers and clinicians working in the field of lung disorders.
Natural Polymers for Biomedical Applications
by Wenguo Cui Lei XiangDevelop natural solutions to biomedical problems with this introduction A natural polymer is one that forms from biosynthetic or biochemical processes typically found in nature, with corresponding advantages in biocompatibility and biodegradability. These advantages give natural polymers a range of applications, from the use of polysaccharides as structural components to the use of polyphenols as antioxidant active ingredients. In biomedical engineering they are clearly preferable to synthetic polymers in numerous cases, and their applications are more numerous every day. Natural Polymers for Biomedical Applications offers a comprehensive summary of these polymers and their biomedical applications. It covers the sources, structures, and properties of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and polypeptides, as well as analyzing the latest advances in polymer-based biomedical technologies. The result has ramifications in a vast range of industries and research areas. In Natural Polymers for Biomedical Applications readers will also find: Applications including drug and cell delivery, cell and organoid cultures, tissue regeneration, and moreDetailed analysis of alginate, cellulose, quercetin, silk fibroin, and many othersA logical, easy-to-use structure to facilitate rapid access to pertinent information Natural Polymers for Biomedical Applications is ideal for materials scientists, polymer chemists, biochemists, and any researcher or professional in biomedical or pharmaceutical industries.
Natural Polymers for Drug Delivery
by Ram Prasad Neerupma Dhiman Monika Joshi Deepshikha Pande Katare Wong Tin Wui Anirbandeep Bose Ali Demir Sezer Erdal CevherNatural polymers have been utilized extensively in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, textiles, oil drilling and paint industries. Their non-toxic and inexpensive attributes readily enhance their commercial acceptability and make them potent agents in lieu of synthetic polymers. This book explores the opportunistic utility of natural polymers in developing effective drug delivery systems and provides a comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of their source, chemical structure and mechanism of action. Covering novel polymers for drug delivery - in particular extracts from plants, microorganisms and proteins, as well as water soluble and water insoluble biodegradable polymers - it presents an encyclopaedic overview of natural polymers': - quintessential roles in binding drugs towards enhancing bioavailability - modification and derivatization for targeted delivery - role as active drugs Natural Polymers for Drug Delivery is an invaluable resource for researchers, students and industrial scientists in the fields of biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacology and food science.
Natural Product Based Drug Discovery Against Human Parasites: Opportunities and Challenges
by Archana Singh Indrakant K. Singh Brijesh Rathi Anita K. VermaThis book comprehensively reviews current and novel treatment strategies against human parasites, including protozoans and helminths, using natural products. The initial chapters summarize the conventional treatment strategies and natural-product based therapeutics against these parasites. It discusses biochemical tools and techniques for the discovery of natural product based drugs against human parasites. The book also covers the ingenious and innovative mechanisms to achieve drug resistance by the protozoan parasites and strategies to overcome the resistance. It entails mechanistic insight into the modulation of host immune responses to delay or inhibit parasite clearance and explores host-pathogen interactions that mediate immunity against subsequent parasite challenge. In turn, the volume helps in understanding the immunobiology of the parasites and tools to identify candidate vaccine antigens and novel delivery systems against the protozoan parasites. Lastly, it explores the role of advanced methods, including nanotechnology, marine bioprospecting, and microorganisms-derived biochemicals against the protozoan parasites.This book is useful for students and researchers of pharmacology, parasitology, zoology and other allied fields.
Natural Product Experiments in Drug Discovery (Springer Protocols Handbooks)
by Xuefei Yang Karuppusamy Arunachalam Sreeja Puthanpura SasidharanThis detailed volume explores a wide range of evidence-based complementary medicine and various bio-analytical techniques used to define botanical products. Collecting recent work and current developments in the field of contemporary phytomedicine as well as their future possibilities in human health care, the book includes unique contributions in the form of chapters on phytomedicine and screening biological activities explained with diverse hyphenated techniques, as well as issues related to herbal medications, such as efficacy, adulteration, safety, toxicity, regulations, and drug delivery. Written for the Springer Protocols Handbooks series, chapters feature advice from experts on how to best conduct future experiments. Extensive and practical, Natural Product Experiments in Drug Discovery serves as an ideal reference for students, professors, and researchers in universities, R&D institutes, pharmaceutical and herbal enterprises, and health organizations.
Natural Product Inspired Scaffolds: Applications in Tissue Engineering
by Ajay Sharma Mohit Kumar Deepika KathuriaThe book explains the use of natural products as scaffolds in tissue engineering. It presents an introduction to the concept of natural product-based scaffolds and explores various fabrication strategies for their synthesis. The book highlights the wide range of applications of these scaffolds in tissue engineering, including their use in tissue regeneration, wound healing, plastic surgery, and breast reconstruction. Specific natural products, such as gums (xanthan, gellan, arabic, guar, ghatti gum), chitosan, collagen are discussed in separate chapters. In addition, various application of natural product loaded PCL and PLA scaffolds have also been discussed. Each chapter focuses on the application of these natural product based scaffolds and explores their potential in tissue engineering. It also covers specific applications of these scaffolds in tissue regeneration, including angiogenesis, bone, skin, and nerve tissue regeneration. The book addresses important considerations regarding the toxicity and regulatory aspects of natural product-based scaffolds and explores the challenges associated with their implementation and emphasizes the need for safety and compliance in their use. Overall, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the field. It serves as a valuable resource for researchers, scientists, and professionals in the field of tissue engineering.