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Neil Armstrong: Young Flyer
by Meryl Henderson Montrew DunhamRich or poor, great American men and women lived out childhoods as vastly different as the adults they became. Here young readers will learn about the early years of the first person to step foot on the moon, a historic feat he described as "one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind."
Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1997)
by Myron ChristodoulidesThis detailed book addresses the continual development and application of new methods and protocols to understand the biology of the pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Beginning with gonococcus biology and antimicrobial resistance, the volume continues with areas of study such as producing major gonococcal antigens to high purity, genetic transformation of gonococci and strategies for global RNA sequencing, evaluation of potential vaccine/drug targets and the assessment of hypothetical protein function, as well as a number of methods and protocols for studying the biological interactions of the gonococcus and the host. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Methods and Protocols provides researchers with a foundation for progress toward the eventual control of this disease and a significant reduction in global case numbers of gonorrhea.
Neisseria meningitidis: Advanced Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #799)
by Myron ChristodoulidesNeisseria meningitidis is a major causative agent, worldwide, of potentially life-threatening meningitis and septicaemia, which carry with them a high mortality rate and permanent physical and neurological issues for survivors. Neisseria meningitidis: Advanced Methods and Protocols offers a collection of methods and protocols that reflect the development and refinement of several new technologies applied to the meningococcus as presented by expert researchers. Several of the chapters in this book describe methods that rely on the collection of complete sets of biological data, for example, using the genome to generate transcriptomes, proteomes, and metabolomes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Neisseria meningitidis: Advanced Methods and Protocols can be readily used to study other pathogens and diseases and should have broad appeal to clinical and non-clinical scientists alike; however, there is still much to learn about the meningococcus and its complex nature, which in turn continues to reveal crucial details about human biology as well.
Neither Beast Nor God
by Gilbert MeilaenderAppeals to "human dignity" are at the core of many of the most contentious social and political issues of our time. But these appeals suggest different and at times even contradictory ways of understanding the term. Is dignity something we all share equally, and therefore the reason we all ought to be treated as equals? Or is it what distinguishes some greater and more admirable human beings from the rest? What notion of human dignity should inform our private judgments and our public life?In Neither Beast Nor God, Gilbert Meilaender elaborates the philosophical, social, theological, and political implications of the question of dignity, and suggests a path through the thicket. Meilaender, a noted theologian and a prominent voice in America's bioethics debates, traces the ways in which notions of dignity shape societies, families, and individual lives, and incisively cuts through some common confusions that cloud our thinking on key moral and ethical questions. The dignity of humanity and the dignity of the person, he argues, are distinct but deeply connected--and only by grasping them both can we find our way to a meaningful understanding of the human condition.
Neither Ghost nor Machine: The Emergence and Nature of Selves
by Jeremy ShermanIf the universe is aimless, how do selves and aims emerge? Why do living beings have aims when inanimate things do not? Current science encourages us to reject the ghost-in-the-machine explanation—that something called spirit, soul, mind, or will was somehow breathed into matter—and instead accept that selves are just matter, in aimless mechanistic motion like everything else. But what about life’s many emergent qualities, the multifarious purposes that shape actual physical behavior not just in human lives, but in all of life? Even the simplest life forms have adaptive functions, traits that accomplish goals or ends. How can we explain the nature and origin of selves and aims without resorting to supernatural forces or explaining them away as nothing but cause-and-effect mechanisms?In Neither Ghost nor Machine, Jeremy Sherman explains the emergence of selves and aims in an aimless universe. He distills for a general audience the theory developed by renowned neuroscientist Terrence Deacon, which extends the breakthrough constraint-based insight that inspired evolutionary, information, and self-organization theory. Emergent dynamics theory provides a testable hypothesis for how mattering arose from matter, function from physics, and means-to-ends behavior from cause-and-effect dynamics. It offers a physics of purpose, demonstrating that there is a strictly physical explanation for the emergence and nature of selves and aims, one that shows our existence in an otherwise inanimate universe is not absurd. Neither Ghost nor Machine bridges the gap between the hard and soft sciences, suggesting fresh and exciting solutions to philosophical mysteries that have perplexed humanity for millennia, from free will to causality to morality.
Nem todas as espécies envelhecem
by Anca IoviţăO envelhecimento é um enigma a ser solucionado. Esse processo, tradicionalmente, é estudado por meio de alguns modelos biológicos, como a mosca-das-frutas, algumas espécies de nematoides, ratos e camundongos. O que todas essas espécies têm em comum é seu rápido envelhecimento, o que é excelente em termos de orçamento para um laboratório e uma ótima estratégia a curto prazo – quem dispõe do tempo necessário para estudar espécies que vivem por décadas? Mas as diferenças de expectativa de vida de uma espécie para outra são ordens de grandeza maiores do que qualquer variação de expectativa de vida que possa ser observada em laboratório. Foi isso o que me levou a estudar incontáveis fontes de informação numa tentativa de reunir pesquisas altamente especializadas em um livro de fácil compreensão. Queria enxergar a floresta além das árvores. Queria apresentar as diferenças de expectativa de vida entre as espécies por meio de uma sequência lógica e acessível. Este livro é minha tentativa de fazer justamente isso. Quais são os mecanismos subjacentes às diferenças identificadas no processo de envelhecimento entre uma espécie e outra? Escolhi intencionalmente escrever a resposta a essa pergunta em linguagem clara. O envelhecimento é um assunto importante demais para ficar escondido atrás das portas do jargão científico formal. Este livro não existiria se o chá verde, as bibliotecas e a Internet não tivessem sido inventados. Embora a quantidade de dados que pesquisei para identificar os padrões essenciais seja enorme, este livro não é exaustivo. Não se trata de um árido livro acadêmico. Tentei dar vida a um tópico extremamente importante para a extensão da expectativa de vida humana. Apenas você pode decidir se consegui atingir esse objetivo. Índice Enxergando a floresta além das árvores Confiabilidade é importante A matemática do envelhecimento
Nematic and Cholesteric Liquid Crystals: Concepts and Physical Properties Illustrated by Experiments (Liquid Crystals Book Ser.)
by Patrick Oswald Pawel PieranskiLiquid crystals allow us to perform experiments that provide insight into fundamental problems of modern physics, such as phase transitions, frustration, elasticity, hydrodynamics, defects, growth phenomena, and optics (linear and non linear). This excellent volume meets the need for an up-to-date text on liquid crystals.Nematic and Cholesteric Liq
Nematicons
by Gaetano AssantoThe first book of its kind to introduce the fundamentals, basic features and models, potential applications and novel phenomena and its important applications in liquid crystal technology.Recognized leader in the field Gaetano Assanto outlines the peculiar characteristics of nematicons and the promise they have for the future growth of this captivating new field.
Nematode Disease Complexes in Agricultural Crops
by Mujeebur Rahman KhanPlant diseases where two or more pathogens are involved in the infection process are commonly termed as "complex", and their diagnosis and subsequent control become more complicated and challenging. A disease complex is produced through synergistic interaction between pathogens, such as plant nematodes and soil-borne fungi or bacteria. Disease complexes which result from the interaction between nematodes and other pathogens are found on a range of agricultural crops globally, and cause great crop damage. Some pathogens e.g. Fusarium, Xanthomonas, etc. become more aggressive in cohabitance with nematodes, even if the inoculum density is low or the host cultivar is resistant. Plant nematodes can also act as vectors, and carry fungi and bacteria to the susceptible tissue or introduce plant viruses into the host. Some nematodes also need a vector for their spread, causing serious diseases, like pine wilt and red-ring. Nematode Disease Complexes in Agricultural Crops discusses the roles plant nematodes may play in the formation of a disease complex. It provides an account of the agricultural significance, aetiology and epidemiology of important disease complexes and their management strategies based on integration of conventional, current and innovative approaches.
Nematode Diseases of Crops and their Management
by Parvatha P. ReddyThis edited book provides knowledge about hemicelluloses biorefinery approaching production life cycle, circular economy, and valorization by obtaining value-added bioproducts and bioenergy. A special focus is dedicated to chemical and biochemical compounds produced from the hemicelluloses derivatives platform. Hemicelluloses are polysaccharides located into plant cell wall, with diverse chemical structures and properties. It is the second most spread organic polymer on nature and found in vast lignocellulosic materials from agro and industrial wastes, therefore, hemicelluloses are considered as abundant and renewable raw material/feedstock. Biorefinery concept contributes to hemicelluloses production associated with biomass industrial processes. Hemicelluloses are alternative sources of sugars for renewable fuels and as platform for chemicals production. This book reviews chemical processes for sugar production and degradation, obtaining of intermediate and final products, and challenges for pentose fermentation. Aspects of hemicelluloses chain chemical and enzymatic modifications are presented with focus on physicochemical properties improvement for bioplastic and biomaterial approaches. Hemicelluloses are presented as sources for advanced materials in biomedical and pharmaceutical uses, and as hydrogel for chemical and medicine deliveries. An interdisciplinary approach is needed to cover all the processes involving hemicelluloses, its conversion into final and intermediate value-added compounds, and bioenergy production. Covering this context, this book is of interest to teachers, students, researchers, and scientists dedicated to biomass valorization. This book is a knowledge source of basic aspects to advanced processing and application for graduate students, particularly. Besides, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate students (from different courses) with a deep interest in biomass and waste conversion, valorization, and chemical products from hemicelluloses.
Nematode Diseases of Fruit Crops and their Management
by P. Parvatha ReddySplit into six sections, this book collates information on the various aspects of nematode diseases of fruit crops and their management. The subject matter in this book discusses: International and Indian fruit crop scenario, food and nutritional security, bridging yield gap, and techniques to enhance productivity. Different aspects of nematode diseases in fruit crops such as economic importance, emerging nematode problems, interaction with other pathogens, and nematode management methods. Nematode diseases of tropical, sub-tropical, temperate, and semi-arid fruit crops and their management. The vision for the future including current nematode management strategies, new paradigms for nematode management, transfer of technology, future approaches, and conclusions. This book is aimed at policy makers, practicing farmers, and scientists involved in teaching, research and extension activities related to fruit crop nematodes and their management.Print edition not for sale in India.
Nematode Diseases of Vegetable Crops and their Management
by P. Parvatha ReddyThis book collates information on the various aspects of nematode diseases in vegetable crops and their management. The subject matter in this book discusses: Vegetable crop area, technological interventions to enhance productivity, post-harvest treatments, and integrated pest management. Different aspects of nematode diseases such as economic importance, emerging nematode problems, and major nematode pests and their interaction with other pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses). Regulatory, physical, cultural, chemical, biological, host resistance and integrated nematode management methods. Nematode diseases of mushrooms, root and leafy vegetables, and solanaceous, leguminous, cruciferous, cucurbitaceous, malvaceous and malvaceous crops. The vision for the future including integrated nematode management, pillars of INM, modifications and expansions to INM, new building blocks of INM, and conclusions. This book is aimed at policy makers, practicing farmers, and scientists involved in teaching, research and extension activities related to vegetable crop nematodes and their management.Print edition not for sale in India.
Nematode Pathogenesis of Insects and Other Pests
by Raquel Campos-HerreraAchieving a sustainable agriculture requires integrating advances in multiples disciplines, covering both fundamental and applied research in a common objective: enhancing crop health for better productions. This first volume of the Series "Sustainability in plant and crop protection" presents a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary compendium about the recent achievements in the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as biological control in a global scale. The volume is organized in a first section discussing the last discoveries on the biology and ecology of the EPN, a second section covering the advances on the EPN productions and release, and a third section with multiples case-studies in which the concepts and ideas on the two previous sections are integrated and discussed. An essential tool for researchers and professionals working to advance in the sustainable use of our resources.
Nematode Pests Of Rice
by M. Shamim JairajpuriThe triple alliance of pests, pathogens and weeds takes a heavy toll on the yield of rice. Nematodes in particular can cause considerable damage and also present great difficulties in their eradication. Because of difficulties in identification, many nematode pests of rice had gone unnoticed in the past. It is in this context that the present book
Nematode-Trapping Fungi
by Kevin D. Hyde Ke-Qin ZhangThese chapters provide up-to-date information on nematophagous fungi, particularly those of the Orbiliaceae in Ascomycota, whose asexual states produce nematode-trapping devices. The authors consider fungal-nematode interactions, fossil fungi, the biodiversity, ecology and geographical distribution of nematode-trapping fungi, and their potential use in biocontrol of nematodes, all in detail. Nematode-trapping fungi with adhesive or mechanical hyphal traps are the main focus of this book which begins with an overview of the data on nematode-trapping fungi, including their taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution. Subsequent chapters expand upon the methods and techniques used to study these fascinating fungi. Keys for genera of Arthrobotrys, Drechslerella and Dactylellina, which include all reported species of predatory orbiliaceous fungi are presented and numerous species from these genera are morphologically described and illustrated. The ecology of nematode-trapping fungi is expertly presented: their occurrence and habitats, their geographical and seasonal distribution and the effects of soil conditions and nematode density on their distribution all feature amongst the relevant themes. Further chapters examine the use of nematode-trapping fungi in biological control and the authors consider nematicidal activities in detail, exploring the many compounds from fungi that feature in nematicidal activities and of course useful paths for further study on this topic. This is a highly informative and carefully presented book, providing scientific insight for scholars with an interest in fungi and in biological control of nematodes.
Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents
by Parwinder S. Grewal Ralf-Udo Ehlers David I. Shapiro-IlanThis book aims to document and illustrate the major developments in the use of nematodes for biological control of insects and slugs. It has three major sections covering entomopathogenic nematodes, entomophilic nematodes, and slug-parasitic nematodes. Each of these sections discusses biology, commercial production, formulation and quality control, application technology, strategy and safety.
Nematodes as Model Organisms
by S. Patricia Stock Raquel Campos-Herrera Anil Kumar James Dillon Dayong Wang Ratnasri Pothula Birgit Gansfort Sebastian Höss Sigal Braun Miyara Fernando Calahorro Ioannis Eleftherianos Katarzyna Dudkiewicz Heidi Goodrich-Blair Alex S. Grossman Selcuk Hazir Jennifer K. Heppert Ivan Hiltpold Lindy Holden-Dye Emilie Lefoulon Edwin E. Lewis James W. Lightfoot Terra J. Mauer Vincent O’Connor Elizabeth M. Ransone Sara Sánchez Moreno Glen Stevens Ralf J. Sommer Ghada Tafesh-Edwards Heidi A. Tissenbaum Professor Walter Traunspurger Robert J WalkerNematodes are small multicellular organisms that have been used as biological models since the 1960s. For example, Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living nematode worm, about 1mm in length, that lives in temperate soil environments. It is made up of about 1000 cells, and has a short life cycle of only two weeks. It was the first multicellular organism to have its whole genome sequenced. The book summarizes the importance of nematodes as model organisms in the fields of genetics, developmental biology, neurobiology, pharmacology, nutrition, ecology and parasitology. Of interest to a broad audience across a wide spectrum of disciplines, this book is useful for biologists working on comparative studies to investigate biological processes across organisms; medical scientists and pharmacologists for exploration of drugs and medicine (including the use of genome editing to eliminate diseases); ecologists considering nematodes as indicators for environment changes; and parasitologists for host-parasite interactions. Many other researchers can use this book as a benchmark for the broad implications of nematology research on other aspects of science.
Nematodes for Biological Control of Insects
by George O. PoinarThis book discusses nematodes for biological of insects. The book includes the following chapters; classification of nematode, key to entomogenous nematodes, nematode groups, microorganisms associated with entomogenous nematodes, immunity to entomogenous nematodes, natural enemies of entomogenous nematodes, environmental impact of entomogenous nematodes, and future prospects.
Nematology in South Africa: A View from the 21st Century
by Hendrika Fourie Vaughan W. Spaull Robin K. Jones Mieke S. Daneel Dirk De WaeleThis unique book contains not only a comprehensive up-to-date summary of the achievements made in all areas of Nematology in South Africa over more than half a century, but it also combines this rather technical part with an insiders narrative of how Nematology started and developed. It also demonstrates how the South African community of nematologists gradually adapted to major changes in agriculture. These were due to a major political shift followed by socio-economic changes and this in an often challenging natural environment. At the same time this book is conceived as a useful source for young scientists to provide them with practical knowledge and critical insight in the field of Nematology. The information given is based primarily on research conducted by nematologists in South Africa. Most of this research was aimed at finding workable solutions for nematological problems confronted by both large-scale commercial producers and smallholding farmers. During a period when funding for scientific research is becoming increasingly scarce, the future demand and quest for practical solutions by applied research will only increase.
Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Contemporary Science (Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Science)
by Robert C. Koons William M.R. Simpson Nicholas J. TehThe last two decades have seen two significant trends emerging within the philosophy of science: the rapid development and focus on the philosophy of the specialised sciences, and a resurgence of Aristotelian metaphysics, much of which is concerned with the possibility of emergence, as well as the ontological status and indispensability of dispositions and powers in science. Despite these recent trends, few Aristotelian metaphysicians have engaged directly with the philosophy of the specialised sciences. Additionally, the relationship between fundamental Aristotelian concepts—such as "hylomorphism", "substance", and "faculties"—and contemporary science has yet to receive a critical and systematic treatment. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Contemporary Science aims to fill this gap in the literature by bringing together essays on the relationship between Aristotelianism and science that cut across interdisciplinary boundaries. The chapters in this volume are divided into two main sections covering the philosophy of physics and the philosophy of the life sciences. Featuring original contributions from distinguished and early-career scholars, this book will be of interest to specialists in analytical metaphysics and the philosophy of science.
Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation (Routledge Studies in Metaphysics)
by Ludger Jansen and Petter SandstadThis is the first volume of essays devoted to Aristotelian formal causation and its relevance for contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science. The essays trace the historical development of formal causation and demonstrate its relevance for contemporary issues, such as causation, explanation, laws of nature, functions, essence, modality, and metaphysical grounding. The introduction to the volume covers the history of theories of formal causation and points out why we need a theory of formal causation in contemporary philosophy. Part I is concerned with scholastic approaches to formal causation, while Part II presents four contemporary approaches to formal causation. The three chapters in Part III explore various notions of dependence and their relevance to formal causation. Part IV, finally, discusses formal causation in biology and cognitive sciences. Neo-Aristotelian Perspectives on Formal Causation will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working on contemporary Aristotelian approaches to metaphysics and philosophy of science. This volume includes contributions by José Tomás Alvarado, Christopher J. Austin, Giacomo Giannini, Jani Hakkarainen, Ludger Jansen, Markku Keinänen, Gyula Klima, James G. Lennox, Stephen Mumford, David S. Oderberg, Michele Paolini Paoletti, Sandeep Prasada, Petter Sandstad, Wolfgang Sattler, Benjamin Schnieder, Matthew Tugby, and Jonas Werner.
Neo-Thinking on Ganges-Brahmaputra Basin Geomorphology
by Balai Chandra Das Sandipan Ghosh Aznarul Islam Md IsmailThis book explores the latest advances in our understanding of the evolution of the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta, examining the Damodar basin, Bhagirathi-Hooghly basin and Jalangi basin from historical, quantitative and applied geomorphology perspectives. The evolution of the Ganga-Brahmaputra delta is highly complex and remains poorly understood. To address that gap, this edited volume presents 11 research papers: the first seven chapters focus on the pure geomorphology and geohydrology of the delta, while the remaining four examine its applied geomorphological aspects. The book offers a valuable guide for geologists, geographers, hydrologists, landscape ecologists, environmentalists, engineers, planners and policy makers.
Neo-Victorian Madness: Rediagnosing Nineteenth-Century Mental Illness in Literature and Other Media
by Brenda Ayres Sarah E. MaierNeo-Victorian Madness: Rediagnosing Nineteenth-Century Mental Illness in Literature and Other Media investigates contemporary fiction, cinema and television shows set in the Victorian period that depict mad murderers, lunatic doctors, social dis/ease and madhouses as if many Victorians were “mad.” Such portraits demand a “rediagnosing” of mental illness that was often reduced to only female hysteria or a general malaise in nineteenth-century renditions. This collection of essays explores questions of neo-Victorian representations of moral insanity, mental illness, disturbed psyches or non-normative imaginings as well as considers the important issues of legal righteousness, social responsibility or methods of restraint and corrupt incarcerations. The chapters investigate the self-conscious re-visions, legacies and lessons of nineteenth-century discourses of madness and/or those persons presumed mad rediagnosed by present-day (neo-Victorian) representations informed by post-nineteenth-century psychological insights.
Neoclassical Theory of Electromagnetic Interactions
by Anatoli Babin Alexander FigotinIn this monograph, the authors present their recently developed theory of electromagnetic interactions. This neoclassical approach extends the classical electromagnetic theory down to atomic scales and allows the explanation of various non-classical phenomena in the same framework. While the classical Maxwell-Lorentz electromagnetism theory succeeds in describing the physical reality at macroscopic scales, it struggles at atomic scales. Here, quantum mechanics traditionally takes over to describe non-classical phenomena such as the hydrogen spectrum and de Broglie waves. By means of modifying the classical theory, the approach presented here is able to consistently explain quantum-mechanical effects, and while similar to quantum mechanics in some respects, this neoclassical theory also differs markedly from it. In particular, the newly developed framework omits probabilistic interpretations of the wave function and features a new fundamental spatial scale which, at the size of the free electron, is much larger than the classical electron radius and is relevant to plasmonics and emission physics. This book will appeal to researchers interested in advanced aspects of electromagnetic theory. Treating the classical approach in detail, including non-relativistic aspects and the Lagrangian framework, and comparing the neoclassical theory with quantum mechanics and the de Broglie-Bohm theory, this work is completely self-contained.
Neofinalism (Posthumanities #36)
by Raymond RuyerAlthough little known today, Raymond Ruyer was a post–World War II French philosopher whose works and ideas were significant influences on major thinkers, including Deleuze, Guattari, and Simondon. With the publication of this translation of Neofinalism, considered by many to be Ruyer&’s magnum opus, English-language readers can see at last how this seminal mind allied philosophy with science.Unfazed by the idea of philosophy ending where science began, Ruyer elaborated a singular, nearly unclassifiable metaphysics and reactivated philosophy&’s capacity to reflect on its canonical questions: What exists? How are we to account for life? What is the status of subjectivity? And how is freedom possible? HaNeofinalism offers a systematic and lucidly argued treatise that deploys the innovative concepts of self-survey, form, and absolute surface to shape a theory of the virtual and the transspatial. It also makes a compelling plea for a renewed appreciation of the creative activity that organizes spatiotemporal structures and makes possible the emergence of real beings in a dynamic universe.