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Non-Linear Optical Response in Atoms, Molecules and Clusters
by Vladimir GoncharovThe aim of this brief is to present, in sufficient detail, a non-perturbative technique for calculating optical hyperpolarizabilities. The ability to efficiently compute hyperpolarizabilities, for a variety of different molecular systems, makes this brief invaluable for those engaged in the computational design of new electro-optical materials. The resulting computation is very predictable and suitable for automation, in contrast to perturbative methods that typically rely on iterative methods. The methodology which is wholly applicable to atoms, molecules, clusters (and with some modifications) to condensed matter, is described and illustrated at a level that is accessible to theoreticians and supplemented with details that should be of interest to practitioners.
Non-Linear Viscoelasticity of Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites
by Sabu Thomas Deepalekshmi PonnammaAdvances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.
Non-Natural Nucleic Acids: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1973)
by Nathaniel ShankThis volume provides relevant synthetic strategies, incorporation, and applications of non-natural nucleic acids. Chapters detail monomer synthesis, oligomer synthesis/construction, and applications allowing researchers to explore and determine which methodology or methodologies are relevant to their needs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Non-Natural Nucleic Acids: Methods and Protocols aims to serve as a guide for researchers exploring their own inquiries and to provide a springboard for new endeavors.
Non-Perturbative Field Theory
by Yitzhak Frishman Jacob SonnenscheinProviding a new perspective on quantum field theory, this book gives a pedagogical and up-to-date exposition of non-perturbative methods in relativistic quantum field theory and introduces the reader to modern research work in theoretical physics. It describes in detail non-perturbative methods in quantum field theory, and explores two- dimensional and four- dimensional gauge dynamics using those methods. The book concludes with a summary emphasizing the interplay between two- and four- dimensional gauge theories. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, this book covers topics from two-dimensional conformal symmetry, affine Lie algebras, solitons, integrable models, bosonization, and 't Hooft model, to four-dimensional conformal invariance, integrability, large N expansion, Skyrme model, monopoles and instantons. Applications, first to simple field theories and gauge dynamics in two dimensions, and then to gauge theories in four dimensions and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in particular, are thoroughly described.
Non-Pharmacological Interventions: An Essential Answer to Current Demographic, Health, and Environmental Transitions
by Gregory NinotNon-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) have become essential solutions for better living, preventing disease, and self-care, in addition to biomedical treatments, and for increasing longevity without loss of quality of life. Over the past 20 years, these practices have gone from general diet and hygiene advice to targeted and personalized solutions for prevention, care optimization, and curative treatments. Selected empirically for centuries or recently with the help of technological innovations and epigenetic, interventional, and medico-economic studies, their development is growing and diversifying around the world. Today an NPI ecosystem is made up of a myriad of public and private actors. As interest in NPIs grows, so do questions about safety, effectiveness, standardization, ethical practice, and surveillance. In this book, the author answers these questions with a scientific approach, because evidence-based science, evidence-based practice, clinical research, and data monitoring have revolutionized this field. Topics explored among the chapters include: · Defining Non-Pharmacological Interventions · The Benefits and Dangers of Non-Pharmacological Interventions · Motives and Facilitators of Non-Pharmacological Intervention Use · The Market for Non-Pharmacological Interventions · Evaluation of Non-Pharmacological Interventions · The Future of Non-Pharmacological Interventions Non-Pharmacological Interventions: An Essential Answer to Current Demographic, Health, and Environmental Transitions is a must-have resource for clinicians and other health professionals, researchers, students, health insurers, policy-makers, caregivers, and entrepreneurs in the health and wellness space, as well as any users who wish to inform themselves about NPIs.
Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria
by Govindjee Barbara Demmig-Adams Gyozo Garab William Adams IIIHarnessing the sun's energy via photosynthesis is at the core of sustainable production of food, fuel, and materials by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. Photosynthesis depends on photoprotection against intense sunlight, starting with the safe removal of excess excitation energy from the light-harvesting system, which can be quickly and non-destructively assessed via non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ). By placing NPQ into the context of whole-organism function, this book aims to contribute towards identification of plant and algal lines with superior stress resistance and productivity. By addressing agreements and open questions concerning photoprotection's molecular mechanisms, this book contributes towards development of artificial photosynthetic systems. A comprehensive picture -from single molecules to organisms in ecosystems, and from leading expert's views to practical information for non-specialists on NPQ measurement and terminology - is presented.
Non-Profit Organisations, Volume III: Society, Sustainability and Accountability (Palgrave Studies in Cross-disciplinary Business Research, In Association with EuroMed Academy of Business)
by Leonidas Efthymiou Demetris Vrontis Yaakov Weber Alkis Thrassou Evangelos Tsoukatos S. M. Riad ShamsThis four-volume book examines, through multiple and cross-discipline perspectives, the science and practice of not-for-profit organisations. These organisations have drawn considerable attention and witnessed extensive growth as they engage in delivering public services to society. And are increasingly pressured to balance business with social goals, inherent idiosyncratic features with management creativity, structural limitations with operational flexibility, and ethical boundaries with pragmatism; all with scarce resources but abundant determination. The first volume explores the opportunities and challenges of non-profit organisations in the contemporary environment, elucidating current and future issues in the field, setting strategic directions, and presenting sector-wide examples and best practices. The second volume explores contextual aspects relating to the economy and industries. The third volume presents social and ethical aspects, as well as matters of sustainability, accountability and the overall wellbeing of society. The fourth and final volume examines structures and models, with an emphasis on technology.
Non-Pushing PCI Techniques
by Kazuaki MitsudoThis book provides an in-depth review of non-pushing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). With abundant, clear figures, the chapters logically describe retrograde wiring techniques, including the stenting of bifurcation lesions, right coronary artery ostial lesions, and left main trunk (LMT) lesions, and then go on to illustrate Mitsudo’s non-pushing PCI techniques. Short columns between chapters offer tips and tricks to help readers gain a better understanding.Given its scope, this book is not only a valuable resource for by coronary interventionalists dealing with PCI for complex lesions including chronic total occlusion (CTO), but also serves as a practical and informative for cardiologists.
Non-Reflexive Logics, Non-Individuals, and the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics: Essays in Honour of the Philosophy of Décio Krause (Synthese Library #476)
by Jonas R. B. Arenhart Raoni W. ArroyoThis book discusses the philosophical work of Décio Krause. Non-individuality, as a new metaphysical category, was thought to be strongly supported by quantum mechanics. No one did more to promote this idea than the Brazilian philosopher Décio Krause, whose works on the metaphysics and logic of non-individuality are now widely regarded as part of the consolidated literature on the subject. This volume brings together chapters elaborating on the ideas put forward and defended by Krause, developing them in many different directions, commenting on aspects not completely developed so far, and, more importantly, critically addressing their current formulations and defenses by Krause himself. Given that Krause’s ideas do connect directly and indirectly with a wide array of subjects, such as the philosophy of quantum mechanics, more broadly understood, the philosophy of logic and logical philosophy, non-classical logics, metaphysics, and ontology, this volume contains important material for the research on logic and foundations of science, broadly understood. All the invited contributors have already worked with the ideas developed by Décio (some of them still work with them), being also distinct authors and extremely relevant in their areas of expertise. The volume is aimed at philosophers, including those of physics and quantum mechanics.
Non-Relativistic QED Theory of the van der Waals Dispersion Interaction
by Akbar SalamThis book provides details of the calculation of the interaction between two neutral polarizable atoms or molecules using molecular quantum electrodynamics (QED). To better understand the origin of this force, it briefly outlines molecular QED theory, the well-known van der Waals dispersion potential first evaluated by Casimir and Polder, who accounted for retardation effects. It presents different calculation schemes for the evaluation of the dispersion potential and also discusses energy shifts involving electric quadrupole and octupole moments, along with discriminatory dispersion potentials. Further, it explores in detail non-additive dispersion interaction energies between three-bodies, as well as the effects of higher multipole moment correction terms, and provides results for specific geometries such as collinear and equilateral triangles. Lastly, it computes near and far-zone asymptotic limits for both pair and many-body potentials, with the former shown to agree with less rigorous semi-classical calculations.
Non-Ribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis and Engineering: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2670)
by Michael Burkart Fumihiro IshikawaThis volume provides new technologies on NRPSs and related carrier protein dependent synthases, including polyketide synthases (PKS) and fatty acid synthases (FAS). Chapters detail enzymology, structural biology, proteopromics, chemical biology, natural product chemistry, and bioinformatics. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and methods, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Non-Ribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis and Engineering: Methods and Protocols aims to feature methods that will be beneficial to new researchers, and those wanting to adopt new methodologies into their research.
Non-Selfadjoint Operators in Quantum Physics
by Franciszek Hugon Szafraniec Fabio Bagarello Jean-Pierre Gazeau Miloslav ZnojilA unique discussion of mathematical methods with applications to quantum mechanics Non-Selfadjoint Operators in Quantum Physics: Mathematical Aspects presents various mathematical constructions influenced by quantum mechanics and emphasizes the spectral theory of non-adjoint operators. Featuring coverage of functional analysis and algebraic methods in contemporary quantum physics, the book discusses the recent emergence of unboundedness of metric operators, which is a serious issue in the study of parity-time-symmetric quantum mechanics. The book also answers mathematical questions that are currently the subject of rigorous analysis with potentially significant physical consequences. In addition to prompting a discussion on the role of mathematical methods in the contemporary development of quantum physics, the book features: Chapter contributions written by well-known mathematical physicists who clarify numerous misunderstandings and misnomers while shedding light on new approaches in this growing area An overview of recent inventions and advances in understanding functional analytic and algebraic methods for non-selfadjoint operators as well as the use of Krein space theory and perturbation theory Rigorous support of the progress in theoretical physics of non-Hermitian systems in addition to mathematically justified applications in various domains of physics such as nuclear and particle physics and condensed matter physics An ideal reference, Non-Selfadjoint Operators in Quantum Physics: Mathematical Aspects is useful for researchers, professionals, and academics in applied mathematics and theoretical and/or applied physics who would like to expand their knowledge of classical applications of quantum tools to address problems in their research. Also a useful resource for recent and related trends, the book is appropriate as a graduate-level and/or PhD-level text for courses on quantum mechanics and mathematical models in physics.
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Water: Emerging Contaminants and Ecological Impact (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #96)
by Leobardo Manuel Gómez-OlivánThis book gathers the main international research findings on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as emerging contaminants in water. It focuses on the major routes of exposure, and the destinations and life cycles of NSAIDs in water, as well as the manifestations of toxicity in different organisms. It also reviews the methods used in the detection, analysis and quantification of NSAIDs in water as well as the biological and chemical methods of removing them. Lastly, the book offers an overview of the legal frameworks in place and provides conclusions and recommendations for the future. Given its scope, the book is an indispensable resource for scientists in academia and industry, as well as for decision-makers involved in contamination assessment and environmental analysis and NGOs interested in the problem of water contamination by NSAIDs.
Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry
by M. Selvamuthukumaran and Sajid MaqsoodThe dairy industry usually adopts conventional methods of processing various milk-based food products, which can destroy nutrients and minimize organoleptic qualities. An alternative approach for this is the non-conventional method of non-thermal processing techniques. Not only does this enhance the nutritional profile of the various processed products, but increases the consumer acceptability. There are some emerging non-thermal processing techniques such as pulsed light, cold plasma, high pressure processing, ultrasonic, UV pasteurization, or ozone treatments, which can be successfully employed in dairy processing industries to enhance product acceptability, safety, and quality aspects. Non-Thermal Processing Technologies for the Dairy Industry describes several emerging non-thermal processing techniques that can be specially employed for the dairy processing industry. The book narrates the benefits of using pulsed light, cold plasma, high pressure and ultrasonic during processing of various dairy products. Key Features: Addresses techniques used for extraction of functional food components from various dairy products by using super critical CO2 extraction technology. Explains application of ozone and cold plasma technology for treating dairy processing waste waters with efficient recycling aspects. Discusses the importance of using biopreservatives in shelf life extension of several dairy food products. Portrays scope and significant importance of adopting UV pasteurization in processing market milk along with safety and environmental impacts over processing This book solves the issue of waste generation in dairy industries and further advises recovery of such waste for efficient recycling process. In addition to being useful for dairy technologists, it is a great source for academic scholars and students looking to gain knowledge and excel in the non-thermal procesing area.
Non-Thermal Processing of Functional Foods
by Sudip Kumar Pattanayek, Debashis Dutta, and Ajay SinghFunctional foods, also known as nutraceuticals, began to gain prominence in the 1980s in Japan as “foods for specified health use” and became more widely recognized in the 1990s as research and interest in foods that could provide specific health benefits beyond essential nutrition grew worldwide. These foods are typically enriched with bioactive components or formulated to contain substances or live microorganisms with a possible health-enhancing or disease-preventing value and at a safe and sufficiently high concentration to achieve the intended benefit.Usually, the added ingredients are classified as nutrients, dietary fiber, phytochemicals, other substances, or probiotics. The production, storage, and consumer consumption of these functional foods require special attention to preserve quality attributes. The production process of these foods can be classified as conventionally used thermal processing methods and non-thermal alternatives. In addition, these processes may be combined with biological approaches involving enzymatic treatment and fermentation. The various non-thermal processes, such as ultrasounds, high-hydrostatic pressure, vacuum impregnation, high-voltage electrical discharge, cold plasma, pulsed light, ozonation, etc., can be utilized for a product to sustain/preserve quality attributes of the ingredients, long shelf life, and sensory qualities.This book compiles the latest non-thermal processing technologies to develop functional foods. The book discusses bioactivity, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability related to nutrition and functional food ingredients. It has 16 articles on different aspects of non-thermal processing technologies. Chapter 1 has discussed a general overview of emerging technologies, and various non-thermal processing techniques are discussed in Chapters 2–6, 8–9, and 12. Chapters 7, 11, 13, 15, and 16 discuss food safety and preservation. We have discussed the functional foods and bioactive compounds in Chapters 10 and 14. A few of these reviews discuss the impact of developing non-thermal technologies on several food components (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols, glucosinolates, fragrance compounds, and enzymes) while maintaining the structure and functional properties.This book is an excellent source of information for professionals, postgraduate students, and researchers in food sciences and chemical engineering.
Non-Timber Forest Products in the Global Context
by Charlie Shackleton Patricia Shanley Sheona ShackletonThis book provides a comprehensive, global synthesis of current knowledge on the potential and challenges associated with the multiple roles, use, management and marketing of non-timber forest products (NTFPs). There has been considerable research and policy effort surrounding NTFPs over the last two and half decades. The book explores the evolution of sentiments regarding the potential of NTFPs in promoting options for sustainable multi-purpose forest management, income generation and poverty alleviation. Based on a critical analysis of the debates and discourses it employs a systematic approach to present a balanced and realistic perspective on the benefits and challenges associated with NTFP use and management within local livelihoods and landscapes, supported with case examples from both the southern and northern hemispheres. This book covers the social, economic and ecological dimensions of NTFPs and closes with an examination of future prospects and research directions.
Non-Timber Forest Products: Food, Healthcare and Industrial Applications
by Azamal Husen Rakesh Kumar Bachheti Archana BachhetiForests cover thirty-one percent of the world’s land surface, provide habitats for animals, livelihoods for humans, and generate household income in rural areas of developing countries. They also supply other essential amenities, for instance, they filter water, control water runoff, protect soil erosion, regulate climate, store nutrients, and facilitate countless non-timber forest products (NTFPs). The main NTFPs comprise herbs, grasses, climbers, shrubs, and trees used for food, fodder, fuel, beverages, medicine, animals, birds and fish for food, fur, and feathers, as well as their products, like honey, lac, silk, and paper. At present, these products play an important role in the daily life and well-being of millions of people worldwide. Hence the forest and its products are very valuable and often NTFPs are considered as the ‘potential pillars of sustainable forestry’. NTFPs items like food, herbal drugs, forage, fuel-wood, fountain, fibre, bamboo, rattans, leaves, barks, resins, and gums have been continuously used and exploited by humans. Wild edible foods are rich in terms of vitamins, protein, fat, sugars, and minerals. Additionally, some NTFPs are used as important raw materials for pharmaceutical industries. Numerous industry-based NTFPs are now being exported in considerable quantities by developing countries. Accordingly, this sector facilitates employment opportunities in remote rural areas. So, these developments also highlight the role of NTFPs in poverty alleviation in different regions of the world. This book provides a wide spectrum of information on NTFPs, including important references. We hope that the compendium of chapters in this book will be very useful as a reference book for graduate and postgraduate students and researchers in various disciplines of forestry, botany, medical botany, economic botany, ecology, agroforestry, and biology. Additionally, this book should be useful for scientists, experts, and consultants associated with the forestry sector.
Non-Timber Forest Products: Medicinal Herbs, Fungi, Edible Fruits and Nuts, and Other Natural Products from the Forest
by Marla R Emery Rebecca J MclainBalance the culture of wildcrafting with the demands of sustainable forest management. This comprehensive book documents the current use, research, and policy concerns relating to harvesting non-timber forest products (NTFPs). It provides a state-of-the-art review of historical and contemporary wildcrafting, ongoing research on economically useful forest products, and sociopolitical and environmental considerations for NTFP management. The implications of harvesting NTFPs are usually considered in the context of the Third World, but this unique book offers an analysis of current conditions in North America and integrates the historical, social, ecological, and policy aspects of NTFP use. It addresses the issues that arise when the primeval practice of gathering wild plants, fungi, leaves, and bark occurs in a post-industrial world. Non-Timber Forest Products: Medicinal Herbs, Fungi, Edible Fruits and Nuts, and Others.
Non-Universal Superconducting Gap Structure in Iron-Pnictides Revealed by Magnetic Penetration Depth Measurements
by Kenichiro HashimotoIn this book the author presents two important findings revealed by high-precision magnetic penetration depth measurements in iron-based superconductors which exhibit high-transition temperature superconductivity up to 55 K: one is the fact that the superconducting gap structure in iron-based superconductors depends on a detailed electronic structure of individual materials, and the other is the first strong evidence for the presence of a quantum critical point (QCP) beneath the superconducting dome of iron-based superconductors. The magnetic penetration depth is a powerful probe to elucidate the superconducting gap structure which is intimately related to the pairing mechanism of superconductivity. The author discusses the possible gap structure of individual iron-based superconductors by comparing the gap structure obtained from the penetration depth measurements with theoretical predictions, indicating that the non-universal superconducting gap structure in iron-pnictides can be interpreted in the framework of A1g symmetry. This result imposes a strong constraint on the pairing mechanism of iron-based superconductors. The author also shows clear evidence for the quantum criticality inside the superconducting dome from the absolute zero-temperature penetration depth measurements as a function of chemical composition. A sharp peak of the penetration depth at a certain composition demonstrates pronounced quantum fluctuations associated with the QCP, which separates two distinct superconducting phases. This gives the first convincing signature of a second-order quantum phase transition deep inside the superconducting dome, which may address a key question on the general phase diagram of unconventional superconductivity in the vicinity of a QCP.
Non-Vascular Interventional Radiology of the Abdomen
by Ronald S. ArellanoThis book is designed to provide a foundation for physicians-in-training and a quick guide to further enhance the skills set of practicing interventionalists. It is a concise reference manual covering the major aspects of clinical scenarios, procedures, and techniques. Non-Vascular Interventional Radiology of the Abdomen expertly addresses the planning and execution of commonly encountered procedures, including organ specific biopsies, abscess drainage, urinary interventions, gastrostomy, gastrojejunostomy, and biliary interventions.
Non-Wood Forest Products of Asia: Knowledge, Conservation and Livelihood (World Forests #25)
by Niaz Ahmed Khan A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid Mahmood HossainThis book highlights the importance of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) and their crucial role in sustaining the livelihood of rural and indigenous communities in Asia. The authors depict how the preservation of forests and the associated major non-wood resources may provide an important avenue to reduce poverty. The local practices and knowledge on harvesting NWFPs are often rooted in tradition, and vary from one region to the other. This made it difficult to develop and establish research focus on a greater scale in the past. Readers of this volume will gain an often-missed, broader perspective from these new studies. The authors put a special emphasis on the nexus between conservation and livelihood from an Asian point of view. This addresses a knowledge gap in the current literature and offers important clues on conducting similar research around the world. The volume provides a useful reference guide for the relevant researchers, practitioners and policy makers.
Non-axisymmetric Local Stability Loss of a Hollow Cylinder: Three-Dimensional Stability Loss in Time-Dependent Composites (Synthesis Lectures on Mechanical Engineering)
by Surkay D. Akbarov Zafer Kutug Muhammad Yousaf AnwarThe book presents formulations and examples of three-dimensional non-axisymmetric stability in viscoelastic anisotropic cylindrical shells. The most critical stability loss modes are determined by minimizing the critical loads and critical times with respect to the number of half-waves in radial as well as transverse directions. Currently, there is no literature available on three-dimensional local buckling analysis (or localized warpage) that considers non-axisymmetric stability loss in viscoelastic cylindrical shells. The contents of this book provide the formulation for such a stability loss analysis through the framework of the three-dimensional linearized theory of stability. Additionally, as this book addresses the problem by modeling the material as a viscoelastic fibrous composite, it can be applied to carry out buckling analysis in both elastic and viscoelastic cases.Guide to modelling composite viscoelastic shell elements for buckling analysisProvides a framework for defining the failure criterion for viscoelastic materialsCourse material for teaching shell buckling and viscoelastic composites
Non-chemical Methods for Disinfestation of Stored Products
by Jeyan A. MosesThis reference book covers traditional and recent technologies in the disinfestation of stored foods. Storage of durables is challenging and demands scientific management protocols. Chemical fumigants have been used for decades, and several reports detail their impact on the environment, in addition to other concerns. This book focuses on the use of non-chemical methods of disinfestation in durables like cereals, pulses, oilseeds, millets, and spices. It discusses important disinfestation techniques like biological control, extreme-temperature-based approaches, insect-repellent packaging, and nano-based techniques. The book also covers the detection of pests and some chemical methods of disinfestation. It is an important reference for professionals, researchers, industry personnel, and post-graduate students in the field of food and grain storage.Key Features: Focuses on the non-chemical methods for grain disinfestation Reviews the rising need for a shift to non-chemical methods of disinfestation of stored foods Includes a blend of topics on entomology, food engineering, food design, and regulations Discusses conventional methods of disinfestation as well as chemical approaches Covers topics like extreme temperature-based approaches, dielectric heating, insect traps, and use of inert materials
Non-classical States of Light: Generation via Strong-Field Processes and Applications in Quantum Key Distribution (Springer Theses)
by Javier Rivera-DeanThis doctoral thesis has a dual focus. Firstly, it studies the generation of non-classical states of light through strong-field processes, where light-matter interactions involve light intensities contending with the forces binding electrons to their nuclei. This exploration demonstrates the utility of strong-field phenomena in generating non-classical states of light, with properties dependent on specific dynamics and materials involved in the excitation. Secondly, it investigates the constraints and prerequisites of non-classical light sources—beyond those studied in the first part—for advancing quantum communication applications,specifically in quantum key distribution. The aim here is to create a secret key exclusively known by the communicating parties for encrypting and decrypting messages. As a whole, this work serves as a foundational step towards leveraging strong-field physics as a prospective tool for quantum information science applications, as well as displaying the advantages and limitations of photonic-based setups for quantum key distribution. With its very clear style of presentation, the book is an essential reference for future researchers working in this field.
Non-coding RNA and the Reproductive System
by Dagmar Wilhelm Pascal BernardThis book provides an overview of the role and function of regulatory RNAs that lack protein-coding potential in key reproductive tissues. This includes the role of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Through clear, detailed and comprehensive debate, international leading experts discuss the role these novel regulators in normal development of sexual dimorphisms, including the differentiation of ovaries and testes, the genital tract including prostate, epididymis and uterus, as well as mammary glands. In addition, particular attention is paid on their role in pathophysiological processes within the reproductive tract. The power of next generation sequencing has proved to be an invaluable tool to discover new non-coding RNAs. While the identification of non-coding RNA is relatively easy, analysing their function represents still a challenge today. In this book, authors present historical and conceptual background information, highlight the ways in which non-coding RNAs function is analysed and present their vision of the future research in their key research area.