- Table View
- List View
Oceans in Decline
by Sergio RossiWhat is happening in our oceans? By describing their main elements, this book shows how and why the oceans are being transformed, and suggests possible future scenarios to address this complex, yet often-asked, question. The ocean is being dramatically transformed, but the magnitude of this transformation remains unclear since the ocean is largely inaccessible and still unknown: there is more information about the outer universe than about the deepest parts of our oceans. The author, a marine biologist with extensive research experience, offers a holistic view of our oceans. Focusing on fishing, pollution and the effects of climate change, he identifies and describes the changes occurring in all marine ecosystems, and discusses the long-passed state of equilibrium.
Oceans of Kansas: A Natural History of the Western Interior Sea (Life of the Past)
by Michael J. Everhart“Excellent . . . Those who are interested in vertebrate paleontology or in the scientific history of the American midwest should really get a copy.” —PalArch’s Journal of Vertebrate PaleontologyRevised, updated, and expanded with the latest interpretations and fossil discoveries, the second edition of Oceans of Kansas adds new twists to the fascinating story of the vast inland sea that engulfed central North America during the Age of Dinosaurs. Giant sharks, marine reptiles called mosasaurs, pteranodons, and birds with teeth all flourished in and around these shallow waters. Their abundant and well-preserved remains were sources of great excitement in the scientific community when first discovered in the 1860s and continue to yield exciting discoveries 150 years later. Michael J. Everhart vividly captures the history of these startling finds over the decades and re-creates in unforgettable detail these animals from our distant past and the world in which they lived—above, within, and on the shores of America’s ancient inland sea.“Oceans of Kansas remains the best and only book of its type currently available. Everhart’s treatment of extinct marine reptiles synthesizes source materials far more readably than any other recent, nontechnical book-length study of the subject.” —Copeia“[The book] will be most useful to fossil collectors working in the local region and to historians of vertebrate paleontology . . . Recommended.” —Choice
Oceans: Evolving Concepts (Ioc Ocean Forum Ser.)
by Guy Jacques Paul Tréguer Herlé MercierSince the HMS Challenger expedition of 1872–1876, our vision of the ocean has changed completely. We now understand that it plays a key role in biodiversity, climate regulation, and mineral and biological resources, and as such, the ocean is a major service provider for humanity. Oceans draws on data from new oceanographic and satellite tools, acquired through international interdisciplinary programs. It describes the processes that control how the ocean functions, on different spatial and temporal scales. After considering the evolution of concepts in physical, chemical and biological oceanography, the book outlines the future of a warmer, acidified, less oxygenated ocean. It shows how a view of the ocean at different scales changes how we understand it. Finally, the book presents the challenges facing the ocean in terms of the exploitation of biological and mineral resources, in the context of sustainable development and the regulation of climate change.
Ockhamism and Philosophy of Time: Semantic and Metaphysical Issues Concerning Future Contingents (Synthese Library #452)
by Alessio SantelliThis book discusses fundamental topics on contemporary Ockhamism. The collected essays show how contemporary Ockhamism can impact areas of research such as semantics, metaphysics and also the philosophy of science. In addition, the volume hosts one historian of Medieval philosophy who investigates the way in which William of Ockham “in flesh and bone” construed time and, more generally, future contingency.The essays explore the different meanings of this theory. They cover three main topics, in particular. The first examines the thesis that sentences and propositions about the future have a definite truth value, without any ensuing commitment to determinism or fatalism. The second topic looks at the problem whether the branching-time model needs to countenance a privileged branch (the so-called Thin Red Line). Finally, the third topic considers the idea that there are so-called soft facts. These would be the subject matter of sentences and propositions verbally about the present or the past, but metaphysically about a later time, and which might change in the future.Overall, the book provides an updated and rigorous idea of the debate about Ockhamism. It gives readers a deeper understanding into this philosophical approach influenced by William of Ockham, characterized by the rejection of the Aristotelian idea that, in order to preserve the contingency of the future, future contingents must be deemed neither true nor false.
Octopus!
by Katherine Harmon CourageNo one understands the octopus. With eight arms, three hearts, camouflaging skin, and a disarmingly sentient look behind its highly evolved eyes, how could it appear anything but utterly alien? Octopuses have been captivating humans for as long as we have been catching them. Many cultures have octopus-centric creation myths, art, and, of course, cuisine. For all of our ancient fascination and millions of dollars' worth of modern research, however, we still have not been able to get a firm grasp on these enigmatic creatures. Now, Katherine Harmon Courage, a veteran journalist and contributing editor for Scientific American, dives into the mystifying underwater world of the octopus. She reports from around the globe of her adventures in Spain, Greece, and even Brooklyn, inviting us to experience the scientific discoveries and deep cultural ties that connect us to the octopus. You'll discover: The oldest known fossilized octopus is estimated to have lived 296 million years ago--even before the first dinosaurs emerged. Government agencies are funding research labs around the world to re-create the octopus's naturally occurring camouflage techniques. About two thirds of an octopus's brain capacity is spread throughout its eight arms, meaning each one literally has a mind of its own. Octopuses have aced numerous intelligence tests, including opening childproof bottles, solving mazes, and even recognizing individual people. The octopus can change colors and textures within milliseconds to vanish against its background--yet we have no evidence that it can see in color. Courage deftly interweaves personal narrative with interviews with leading octopus experts. The result is an entertaining yet scientifically grounded exploration of the octopus and its infinitely complex world.
Octopus, Squid & Cuttlefish: A Visual, Scientific Guide to the Oceans' Most Advanced Invertebrates
by Roger Hanlon Louise Allcock Michael Vecchione“Cephalopods are often misunderstood creatures. Three biologists set the record straight on the behaviors and evolution of these invertebrates of the sea.” —Science NewsLargely shell-less relatives of clams and snails, the marine mollusks in the class Cephalopoda—Greek for “head-foot” —are colorful creatures of many-armed dexterity, often inky self-defense, and highly evolved cognition. They are capable of learning, of retaining information—and of rapid decision-making to avoid predators and find prey. They have eyes and senses rivaling those of vertebrates like birds and fishes, they morph texture and body shape, and they change color faster than a chameleon. In short, they captivate us.From the long-armed mimic octopus—able to imitate the appearance of swimming flounders and soles—to the aptly named flamboyant cuttlefish, whose undulating waves of color rival the graphic displays of any LCD screen, there are more than seven hundred species of cephalopod. Featuring a selection of species profiles, Octopus, Squid, and Cuttlefish reveals the evolution, anatomy, life history, behaviors, and relationships of these spellbinding animals. Their existence proves that intelligence can develop in very different ways: not only are cephalopods unusually large-brained invertebrates, they also carry two-thirds of their neurons in their arms. A treasure trove of scientific fact and visual explanation, this worldwide illustrated guide to cephalopods offers a comprehensive review of these fascinating and mysterious underwater invertebrates—from the lone hunting of the octopus, to the social squid, and the prismatic skin signaling of the cuttlefish.“After reading about the cephalopods’ abilities and behaviors, as well as their potential for advancing our lives, readers might think twice before ordering their next calamari appetizer.” —American Scientist
Octopus: The Ocean's Intelligent Invertebrate
by James B. Wood Roland C. Anderson Jennifer A. MatherThe visually arresting and often misunderstood octopus has long captured popular imagination. With an alien appearance and an uncanny intellect, this exceptional sea creature has inspired fear in famous lore and legends—from the giant octopus attack in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea to Ursula the sea witch in The Little Mermaid. Yet its true nature is more wondrous still. After decades of research, the authors reveal a sensitive, curious, and playful animal with remarkable intelligence, an ability to defend itself with camouflage and jet propulsion, an intricate nervous system, and advanced problem-solving abilities. In this beautifully photographed book, three leading marine biologists bring readers face to face with these amazingly complex animals that have fascinated scientists for decades. From the molluscan ancestry of today’s octopus to its ingenious anatomy, amazing mating and predatory behaviors, and other-worldly relatives, the authors take readers through the astounding life cycle, uncovering the details of distinctive octopus personalities. With personal narratives, underwater research, stunning closeup photography, and thoughtful guidance for keeping octopuses in captivity, Octopus is the first comprehensive natural history of this smart denizen of the sea.
Octopuses and Squid (Scary Creatures Series)
by John Francis Gerald LeggDescribes the appearance and behavior of octopuses and squid and examines why they are frightening, also includes a fun world map of where octopus and squid species can be found.
Octopuses, Squid & Cuttlefish: Seafood for Today and for the Future
by Ole G. Mouritsen Klavs StyrbækHumans everywhere have always been fascinated by octopuses, squid, and cuttlefish, known biologically as cephalopods. They evolved hundreds of millions of years ago and are related to molluscs such as mussels and snails. They can grow to an enormous size with eyes as big as footballs, but they still live for only a couple of years. They mate once in their lifetime and die shortly after. They have blue blood and three hearts and they can shoot out jet-black ink. They have a brain and have behaviours that could be interpreted as signs of intelligence, even though more than half of their brain is distributed in their arms. They are colour blind, but they can change the colour of their skin in a flash. They are masters of disguise and are able to alter the texture of their skin and the patterns displayed on it at lighting speed. They can also ‘taste’ using the suckers on their arms. They can move extremely fast thanks to a jet-propulsion system built into their body cavity. Although they are soft-bodied and look vulnerable, cephalopods are formidable predators. Octopuses have arms that are so strong that they can exert a force equal to hundreds of times their own body weight. Squid and cuttlefish can shoot out a tentacle to capture prey at the speed of a javelin thrown by an expert athlete. Cephalopods are, however, so much more than just fascinating creatures with strange physical characteristics. They are a nutritious, delicious protein source that has found a place for thousands of years in many food cultures around the world. As squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses are native to virtually all parts of the ocean, they are an excellent and available alternative to meat from terrestrial animals. This book is written to promote the overall place of cephalopods in home kitchens and to inspire the uninitiated to add them to their diet. It describes the many facets of their anatomy that play a central role in their potential use as healthy, diverse, and interesting food sources, with a particular emphasis on their taste and texture. By way of an assortment of recipes, the authors hope to dispel the myth that it is difficult to prepare delicious dishes using squid, cuttlefish, and octopuses. In addition, there are contributions to the on-going discussions about how marine resources can be exploited more responsibly in a sustainable manner. Ole G. Mouritsen is a professor of gastrophysics and culinary food innovation at the University of Copenhagen,president of the Danish Gastronomical Academy, and director of the Danish national research and communication centre Taste for Life. Klavs Styrbæk is a chef and leader of the gastronomic enterprise STYRBÆKS, which includes a gourmet restaurant, a cooking school, a catering service, and a product development branch.
Octopuses: A Ladybird Expert Book (The Ladybird Expert Series #32)
by Dr Helen ScalesPart of the ALL-NEW LADYBIRD EXPERT SERIES- Why is it octopuses, and not octopi or octopodes?- How did octopuses evolve to be so clever?- How can octopuses see and speak with their skin? EXAMINE these crafty hunters of the seabed - shape-shifting, skin-signalling and using complex tools - their remarkable abilities are still being uncovered.BENDY BODIES, BIG BRAINSWritten by celebrated marine biologist and documentarian Helen Scales, Octopuses is an enthralling introduction to these utterly unique creatures, the myths and fiction they have inspired, and what they can tell us about the roots of intelligence.
Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Barriers and Application of Nanoparticulate Systems
by Deepak Thassu Gerald J. ChaderDrug discovery for ocular diseases has taken great strides in the last two decades. From cornea to choroid, new drugs have been formulated to address a great variety of ocular diseases. Yet without good drug delivery systems, these drugs are less effective than they might be or could even cause serious side effects. Ocular Drug Delivery Systems: Ba
Ocular Fluid Dynamics: Anatomy, Physiology, Imaging Techniques, and Mathematical Modeling (Modeling and Simulation in Science, Engineering and Technology)
by Alon Harris Riccardo Sacco Giovanna GuidoboniThe chapters in this contributed volume showcase current theoretical approaches in the modeling of ocular fluid dynamics in health and disease. By including chapters written by experts from a variety of fields, this volume will help foster a genuinely collaborative spirit between clinical and research scientists. It vividly illustrates the advantages of clinical and experimental methods, data-driven modeling, and physically-based modeling, while also detailing the limitations of each approach. Blood, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear film, and cerebrospinal fluid each have a section dedicated to their anatomy and physiology, pathological conditions, imaging techniques, and mathematical modeling. Because each fluid receives a thorough analysis from experts in their respective fields, this volume stands out among the existing ophthalmology literature.Ocular Fluid Dynamics is ideal for current and future graduate students in applied mathematics and ophthalmology who wish to explore the field by investigating open questions, experimental technologies, and mathematical models. It will also be a valuable resource for researchers in mathematics, engineering, physics, computer science, chemistry, ophthalmology, and more.
Ocular Infection: Investigation and Treatment in Practice
by Uwe Pleyer David V. SealSince the first edition that was published in 1998 we have seen manychanges in ophthalmology from advancements in laser surgery to new techniques in cataract surgery. With these new developing advancements symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments in ocular disease have also begun to change. Early diagnosis and management of ocular infection is essential
Ocular Regeneration: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2848)
by Jeffrey M. GrossThis detailed volume presents state-of-the-art techniques in ocular regeneration research, pulling together recent animal model systems identifying key genes and regulatory networks that contribute to the regenerative response as well as advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) biology. The book opens with a section on the anterior segment and key models and techniques utilized to study the cornea, lens, and trabecular meshwork, and continues with chapters on the posterior segment, and largely the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), with techniques developed in a variety of model systems to study regeneration of these tissues. The concluding part examines novel technologies utilized in ocular regeneration research. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Ocular Regeneration: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for researchers aiming to expand the boundaries of what we know about this vital area of physiology.
Ocular Transporters in Ophthalmic Diseases and Drug Delivery
by Colin J. Barnstable Joyce Tombran-TinkIn this exceptionally important new work, a panel of distinguished authors discusses all the latest developments in the study of ocular transporters. Focusing on the molecular characteristics, localization, and substrate specificities in various compartments of the eye, this volume discusses how transporters regulate the clarity of the cornea and lens, the movements of fluids across the ciliary epithelium and nutrients across the retinal pigment epithelium.
Ocular and Visual Physiology
by Simon E. SkalickyThis book meets the growing demand among ophthalmologists, optometrists and orthoptists, in training and in practice, as well as visual neuroscientists, to have a clear, succinct and well-written textbook to objectively cover the subject of ocular and visual physiology. Ocular and visual physiology is a core knowledge component for these disciplines, and yet is often difficult to understand. However, this book clearly conveys the simple elegance of the relationship between structure and function that is the hallmark of understanding the physiology of the eye and visual system. Ocular and Visual Physiology - Clinical Application is essential reading for any one hoping to have a clear understanding of the subject. Students will find it a great resource to pass their exams. Each of the chapters has been independently reviewed and edited by an expert in the field with a clinical or visual scientific academic background. The text is based on the latest publications in peer-reviewed journals that are closely referenced within the body of the text.
Odd Animals Out (Wonders of Wildlife )
by Ben HoareMost types of animals are similar to their close relatives, but what about the rebels and the rule-breakers of the animal kingdom? Discover more than 75 creatures that truly stand out from the crowd, with the nature enthusiast and bestselling author Ben Hoare.From a vegetarian shark and a solar-powered salamander to a flying frog and a bone-munching bird, this book is all about the "odd ones out" in the natural world. Get acquainted with quirky animal outliers around the world and find out what these nonconformists do to survive in the wild, and how they have evolved over time. Presenting these recent discoveries, Ben Hoare's friendly, informative explanations are paired with stunning photographs and charming illustrations to make sure every page captivates the imagination.Odd Animals Out is a book full of surprises, allowing you to explore the unusual stories of animals unlike any others.
Odd Boy Out
by Don BrownWhen he was born, Albert was a peculiar, fat baby with an unusually big and misshaped head. When he was older, he hit his sister, bothered his teachers, and didn't have many friends. But in the midst of all of this, Albert was fascinated with s
Odd Couples: Extraordinary Differences between the Sexes in the Animal Kingdom
by Daphne J. FairbairnThe remarkable and unique ways that male and female animals play out gender roles in natureWhile we joke that men are from Mars and women are from Venus, our gender differences can't compare to those of many other animals. For instance, the male garden spider spontaneously dies after mating with a female more than fifty times his size. And male blanket octopuses employ a copulatory arm longer than their own bodies to mate with females that outweigh them by four orders of magnitude. Why do these gender gulfs exist?Introducing readers to important discoveries in animal behavior and evolution, Odd Couples explores some of the most extraordinary sexual differences in the animal world. Daphne Fairbairn uncovers the unique and bizarre characteristics of these remarkable species and the special strategies they use to maximize reproductive success. Fairbairn also considers humans and explains that although we are keenly aware of our own sexual differences, they are unexceptional within the vast animal world.Looking at some of the most amazing creatures on the planet, Odd Couples sheds astonishing light on what it means to be male or female in the animal kingdom.
Odontodes: The Developmental and Evolutionary Building Blocks of Dentitions (Evolutionary Cell Biology)
by Donglei ChenThe odontode system, which encompasses teeth and other dentine-based structures, is ancient. Odontodes are present in the oldest vertebrate fossils, dating back 500 million years, and still play an important role in the anatomy and function of living jawed vertebrates. Fossils preserve odontode tissues with remarkable nanoscale fidelity, allowing the evolution and diversification of the odontode system to be studied in deep time as well as across the diversity of living vertebrates. This synthetic volume presents an overview of odontode research by internationally leading researchers from different fields of biology.. Key Features Summarizes classic and cutting-edge research devoted to the development and evolution Focuses on the cellular aspects of odontogenesis Documents the structural and functional diversity of odontode tissues Describes the patterning mechanisms of dentitions in various vertebrate groups Provides a thorough index for students
Odontogenesis
by Chrissa KioussiOnly in recent times has the possibility of growing and implanting replacement teeth, made from one's own cells, moved into the realm of realistic possibilities; however, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of tooth development must be studied in a range of vertebrates, from zebrafish to mice, so that evolutionarily conserved network kernels, which will define the cellular states of generic vertebrate tooth development, can be recognized. In Odontogenesis: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field examine techniques to approach this burgeoning field. This detailed volume includes chapters on the detection of "tooth development" gene expression, both at the RNA and protein level, current approaches to the manipulation of gene expression levels and subsequent analysis of tooth phenotypes, as well as chapters concerning current efforts to get living tooth implants working without waiting for a full understanding of the developmental pathways at the molecular level. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips for troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Practical and easy to use, Odontogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to help researchers move forward toward the ultimate goal of getting a "bioengineered tooth" into the patient's mouth.
Odontogenesis: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1922)
by Petros PapagerakisThis volume provides methods and approaches to study genetic and environmental regulatory controls on odontogenesis. Chapters guide readers through protocols for isolation and characterization of both epithelial and mesenchymal dental cells, methods on isolation, phenotypic characterization, expansion, differentiation, immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, imaging protocols, rodent dental fluorosis model, 3D assessment of crown size, dental diseases models, next generation sequencing, genetic and epigenetic studies, genome-wide association studies as well as clinical protocols for measurement of early childhood caries and saliva, and supragingival fluids and biofilm collection and subsequent analyses. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Odontogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to guide researchers towards elucidating the secrets and mysteries of a fascinating and unique organ, the tooth.
Odour Impact Assessment Handbook
by Tiziano Zarra Vincenzo Naddeo Vincenzo BelgiornoOdours have become a priority concern for facility operators, engineers and urban planners who deal with waste and industrial treatment plants. The subjectivity of smell perception, its variability due to frequency and weather conditions, and the complex nature of the substances involved, has long hampered the regulation of odour emissions.This book provides a comprehensive framework for the assessment, measurement and monitoring of odour emissions, and covers: Odour characterization and exposure effectsInstruments and methods for sampling and measurementStrategies for odour controlDispersion modelling for odour exposure assessmentOdour regulations and policiesProcedures for odour impact assessmentCase studies: Wastewater treatment, composting, industrial and CAFO plants, and landfillIntended for researchers in environmental chemistry, environmental engineering, and civil engineering, this book is also an invaluable guide for industry professionals working in wastewater treatment, environmental and air analysis, and waste management.
Odour Prevention and Control of Organic Sludge and Livestock Farming
by V. C. Nielsen J. H. Voorburg P. L’HermiteAn important aspect of the treatment of sludges and slurries is the emission of odour. International cooperation in odour control and odour measurement is only possible if the results are comparable. For this reason, Working Party I of the COST Project 681 established a sub-group to study the international development of odour measurement techniques. The inventory made by this sub-group resulted in a proposal for a workshop on olfactometric measurement in order (1) to exchange experiences with different olfactometers, and (2) to consider the possibilities of more harmonised measurement. As odour measurement is not a goal in itself but a step on the way to odour control, it was decided to combine this workshop with a workshop of the FAO Sub-network 2 devoted to reduction of odour in animal farming.
Odour and Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Farming
by V. C. Nielsen J. H. Voorburg P. L’HermiteProceedings of a seminar held in Silsoe, UK, 26-28 March 1990.