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Physiology and Biotechnology Integration for Plant Breeding (Books In Soils, Plants, And The Environment Ser. #Vol. 100)
by Abraham Blum Henry T. Nguyen� Global demand for wheat, rice, corn, and other essential grains is expected to steadily rise over the next twenty years. Meeting this demand by increasing production through increased land use is not very likely; and while better crop management may make a marginal difference, most agriculture experts agree that this anticipated deficit must be m
Physiology and Genetics
by Timm Anke Anja SchüfflerIn the last decade the discipline of mycology has been substantially changed by new research technologies. In particular DNA-based tools for the investigation of fungal taxonomy, signal transduction and regulation, and biosynthetic potential have accelerated advances in mycological knowledge. This volume presents a selection of exciting issues on basic and applied aspects of fungal physiology and genetics. In 18 chapters renowned experts provide an overview of traditional as well as current and future aspects of potential application of fungi in biotechnology. The contributions can be used by scientists to keep up-to-date on the latest developments in the corresponding research area, and by students to familiarize themselves with the different topics.
Physiology and Genetics
by Daniela Weber Timm AnkeIn the last decade the discipline of mycology has been substantially changed by new research technologies. In particular DNA-based tools for the investigation of fungal taxonomy, signal transduction and regulation, and biosynthetic potential have accelerated advances in mycological knowledge. This volume presents a selection of exciting issues on basic and applied aspects of fungal physiology and genetics. In 18 chapters renowned experts provide an overview of traditional as well as current and future aspects of potential application of fungi in biotechnology. The contributions can be used by scientists to keep up-to-date on the latest developments in the corresponding research area, and by students to familiarize themselves with the different topics.
Physiology and Pathophysiology of Oligodendroglia (Advances in Neurobiology #43)
by Alexei Verkhratsky Arthur Butt Chenju Yi Jianqin NiuThis single volume provides a comprehensive description of oligodendroglia, the neural cells responsible for myelination of axons throughout the central nervous system. Myelinated axons create the white matter (connectome) of the human brain and spinal cord, which connect and synchronize hundreds of billions of neurons, thus defining the information processing function of the central nervous system. Oligodendrocytes and myelination play an essential role in regulating every bodily function and behavior. Damage to white matter, myelin, and oligodendrocytes results in severe diseases of the CNS. Pathology and Pathophysiology of Oligodendroglia, presented by the major authorities in the field, is the very first reference to combine, under a single cover, a full and detailed description of the physiology and pathophysiology of oligodendroglia, with a particular emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases.
Physiology and Physiopathology of Adipose Tissue
by Bruno Fève Jean-Philippe BastardThe scientific advances in the physiology and pathophysiology of adipose tissue over the last two decades have been considerable. Today, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adipogenesis are well known. In addition, adipose tissue is now recognized as a real endocrine organ that produces hormones such as the leptin acting to regulate food intake and energy balance in the central nervous system, a finding that has completely revolutionized the paradigm of energy homeostasis. Other adipokines have now been described and these molecules are taking on increasing importance in physiology and pathophysiology. Moreover, numerous works have shown that in obesity, but also in cases of lipodystophy, adipose tissue was the site of a local low-grade inflammation that involves immune cells such as macrophages and certain populations of lymphocytes. This new information is an important step in the pathophysiology of both obesity and related metabolic and cardiovascular complications. Finally, it is a unique and original work focusing on adipose tissue, covering biology and pathology by investigating aspects of molecular and cellular biology, general, metabolic, genetic and genomic biochemistry.
Physiology for Engineers
by Stephen Payne Michael ChappellThis book provides an introduction to qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology. It looks at biological and physiological processes and phenomena, including a selection of mathematical models, showing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated and studied. It also illustrates how a wide range of engineering and physics topics, including electronics, fluid dynamics, solid mechanics and control theory can be used to describe and understand physiological processes and systems. Throughout the text there are introductions to measuring and quantifying physiological processes using both signal and imaging technologies. Physiology for Engineers describes the basic structure and models of cellular systems, the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart and provides an overview of the structure and function of the respiratory and nervous systems. It also includes an introduction to the basic concepts and applications of reaction kinetics, pharmacokinetic modelling and tracer kinetics. It is of interest to final year biomedical engineering undergraduates and graduate students alike, as well as to practising engineers new to the fields of bioengineering or medical physics.
Physiology for Engineers: Applying Engineering Methods to Physiological Systems (Biosystems & Biorobotics #24)
by Stephen Payne Michael ChappellThis book provides an introduction to qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology. It examines biological and physiological processes and phenomena, including a selection of mathematical models, showing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated and studied. It also illustrates how a wide range of engineering and physics topics, such as electronics, fluid dynamics, solid mechanics and control theory can be used to describe and understand physiological processes and systems. Throughout the text, there are introductions to measuring and quantifying physiological processes using both signaling and imaging technologies. This new edition includes updated material on pathophysiology, metabolism and the TCA cycle, as well as more advanced worked examples. This book describes the basic structure and models of cellular systems, the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, and the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart, and provides an overview of the structure and function of the respiratory and nervous systems. It also includes an introduction to the basic concepts and applications of reaction kinetics, pharmacokinetic modelling and tracer kinetics. It appeals to final year biomedical engineering undergraduates and graduates alike, as well as to practising engineers new to the fields of bioengineering or medical physics.
Physiology for Engineers: Applying Engineering Methods to Physiological Systems (Biosystems & Biorobotics #33)
by Stephen Payne Michael ChappellThis book introduces both qualitative and quantitative aspects of human physiology through language and concepts familiar to engineers and other physical scientists. It looks at biological and physiological processes and phenomena, including a selection of mathematical models, showing how physiological problems can be mathematically formulated and studied. It also illustrates how a wide range of engineering and physics topics, including electronics, fluid dynamics, solid mechanics and control theory can be used to describe and understand physiological processes and systems. Throughout the text there are introductions to measuring and quantifying physiological processes using both signal and imaging technologies. Physiology for Engineers describes the basic structure and models of cellular systems, the structure and function of the cardiovascular system, the electrical and mechanical activity of the heart and provides an overview of the structure and function of the respiratory and nervous systems. It also includes an introduction to the basic concepts and applications of reaction kinetics, compartmental modelling and its application to pharmacokinetics and tracer kinetics. The book is of interest to final year biomedical engineering undergraduates and graduate students alike, as well as to practising engineers new to the fields of bioengineering or medical physics. This new edition is fully revised and updated with two completely rewritten chapters on compartmental modelling, demonstrated in application to pharmacokinetics, and multi-scale modelling demonstrated by how to go from “from cells to tissue” in describing physiological systems. The book contains interleaved exercises to make the book even more useful for instructors and students for a one-semester course.
Physiology of Behavior 11th Edition
by Neil R. CarlsonThis book presents an introductory text in behavioural neuroscience and an accessible portrait of the dynamic interaction between biology and behaviour.
Physiology of Crop Production
by N.K. Fageria V.C. Baligar Ralph ClarkThis single volume explores the theoretical and the practical aspects of crop physiological processes around the world The marked decrease over the past century in the land available for crop production has brought about mounting pressure to increase crop yields, especially in developing nations. Physiology of Crop Production provides c
Physiology of Growth and Development in Horticultural Plants
by N. R. Bhat Arvind Bhatt M. K. SuleimanThe development of a plant is a multifaceted, dynamic phenomenon. Due to their immobility, plants respond not only to internal developmental cues, but also to changes in the prevailing environmental conditions. Climate change has increased vulnerability in plants due to increasing concentrations of CO2 and other pollutants, and fluctuations in the growing environment. These changes affect crop growth and productivity thereby posing a major risk to global food security. Physiology of Growth and Development in Horticultural Plants contains 22 chapters organized into six sections, beginning with an introduction on basic concepts of plant growth and development; followed by genetic basis of plant development; quantification of growth; and sensing and response of plants to various environmental signals. It also explores plant growth hormones and their role either singly or in combination in controlling various aspects of plant growth and development, and hormonal regulation of physiological and developmental processes. The book highlights intricate aspects of growth and development in horticultural plants with classic examples from the real world.Features· Presents information on plant growth and development; structure and genetic basis of plant development with quantification of growth; sensing and response of plants to various environmental signals; and various phytohormones and their role in controlling aspects of plant growth and development.· Provides key scientific and technical advances, issues, and challenges in various areas of growth and development of horticultural plants.· Demonstrates how the response of various plants to internal and external stimuli can be commercially exploited.Physiology of Growth and Development in Horticultural Plants encourages the development of new techniques, technologies and innovative practices, and is an ideal reference for students of advanced plant sciences courses, researchers, and commercial horticultural practitioners.
Physiology of Human Female Lactation
by Nikolai Petrovitch AlekseevThis comprehensive Monograph examines all peripheral and central mechanisms of regulating the secretion of milk from the lactating breast. The author reviews the complete female breast development, starting with the early childhood, up to pregnancy and lactation. Structural and ultrastructural data on the alveolar-ductal system, together with details of breast innervation, are used to investigate the physiological process of lactation. Readers will appreciate the special focus on reflexes, both in the child and the mother, that help to regulate maternal milk production and secretion. Following this, the author sheds a light on the composition and dynamics of milk components during the different periods of lactation. The final section of this volume focusses on practical aspects of modern breastfeeding, like the use of breast pumps or galactogogues, to influence the productivity of milk production. These fundamental principles and structural details will be particularly useful for physiologists and clinicians working in gynecology and pediatrics.
Physiology of Marine Mammals: Adaptations to the Ocean (CRC Marine Biology Series)
by Michael A. Castellini Jo-Ann MellishSuppose you were designing a marine mammal. What would they need to live in the ocean? How would you keep them warm? What design features would allow them to dive for very long periods to extreme depths? Do they need water to drink? How would they minimize the cost of swimming, and how would they find their prey in the deep and dark? These questions and more are examined in detail throughout Marine Mammal Physiology, which explores how marine mammals live in the sea from a physiological point of view. This undergraduate textbook considers the essential aspects of what makes a marine mammal different from terrestrial mammals, beyond just their environment. It focuses on the physiological and biochemical traits that have allowed this group of mammals to effectively exploit the marine environment that is so hostile to humans. The content of this book is organised around common student questions, taking the undergraduate's point of view as the starting point. Each chapter provides a set of PowerPoint slides for instructors to use in teaching and students to use as study guides. New "Study Questions" and "Critical Thinking Points" conclude each chapter, which are each motivated by a "Driving Question" such as "How do mammals stay warm in a cold ocean?" or "How do mammals survive the crushing pressures of the deep sea?" Full-colour images and comprehensive, accessible content make this the definitive textbook for marine mammal physiology.
Physiology of Neurons
by Anne FeltzThanks to tremendous technical advances in molecular biology and cellular imaging after those in electrophysiology, there is now a deep understanding of the physiology of nerve cells and their synaptic interconnections. The complexity of the brain emerges from the communication and interaction between billions of these elements. This book explores systematically and didactically the details of neuronal physiology, covering membrane biophysics, receptor physiology, sensory transduction and synaptic transmission with its selective pharmacology. Readers of the book will be fully equipped to understand the functions and possibilities of the key units of the brain’s parallel computations.
Physiology of Prenatal Exercise and Fetal Development
by Linda E. MayThis new SpringerBrief in Physiology explores the newest research findings on how exercise influences the fetus in utero and beyond. Physiology of Prenatal Exercise and Fetal Development reviews the current findings of how maternal exercise throughout gestation influences fetal development of key organ systems, and also encompasses the relationship between maternal activity level and fetal, birth, and neonatal effects. This information will help researchers and scientists better understand the physiological effects of exercise during pregnancy on offspring development.
Physiology of Rubber Tree Latex: The Laticiferous Cell and Latex- A Model of Cytoplasm
by J. d'AuzacThe present work is based on the study of the laticiferous system in Hevea. It therefore covers anatomical, histological, and cytological research on laticifers and latex, together with biochemical and enzymological investigation of latex in vitro. Integration of all these studies led to the investigation of the physiology of the laticiferous function. The work described includes the most important results obtained over a period of nearly a century and the most recent work which has yet to be published.
Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants: Perception, Signalling, Omics and Tolerance Mechanism
by Sheo Mohan Prasad Pratibha Singh Madhulika Singh Rajiv Kumar SinghPHYSIOLOGY OF SALT STRESS IN PLANTS Discover how soil salinity affects plants and other organisms and the techniques used to remedy the issue In Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants, an editorial team of internationally renowned researchers delivers an extensive exploration of the problem of soil salinity in modern agricultural practices. It also discusses the social and environmental issues caused by salt stress. The book covers the impact of salt on soil microorganisms, crops, and other plants, and presents that information alongside examinations of salt’s effects on other organisms, including aquatic fauna, terrestrial animals, and human beings. Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants describes the morphological, anatomical, physiological, and biochemical dimensions of increasing soil salinity. It also discusses potential remedies and encourages further thought and exploration of this issue. Readers are encouraged to consider less hazardous fertilizers and pesticides, to use safer doses, and to explore and work upon salt resistant varieties of plants. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: Thorough introductions to salt stress perception and toxicity levels and the effects of salt stress on the physiology of crop plants at a cellular level Explorations of the effects of salt stress on the biochemistry of crop plants and salt ion transporters in crop plants at a cellular level Practical discussions of salt ion and nutrient interactions in crop plants, including prospective signalling, and the effects of salt stress on the morphology, anatomy, and gene expression of crop plants An examination of salt stress on soil chemistry and the plant-atmosphere continuum Perfect for researchers, academics, and students working and studying in the fields of agriculture, botany, entomology, biotechnology, soil science, and plant physiology, Physiology of Salt Stress in Plants will also earn a place on the bookshelves of agronomists, crop scientists, and plant biochemists.
Physiology of Soybean Plant
by P BasuchaudhuriThe book provides in-depth knowledge on the physiology of soybean. It is written lucidly, systematically, and in depth. The book provides recent information and findings, explained with illustrations to express the ideas and concepts vividly to university students and researchers, and provides a better understanding of the improvement of the productivity of soybean to cope with the future demand. It describes the physiology of growth, development, flowering, pod development and seed yield as well as C, O, N and Oil metabolisms – their hormonal regulations under normal and stress environmental conditions. Molecular approaches are also described.
Physiology of Stressed Crops, Vol. 1: Hormone Relations
by U S GuptaThe present multi-volume treatise has been planned to discuss important aspects of the crop-plant physiological aspects, viz., hormones, nutrients, cell membranes, and induced proteins, as related to different types of stresses each in separate volumes. Another type of stress which can be classed under biotic, environmental (sil) or chemical, viz., the stress of allelochemicals which has not been discussed before as a stress factor, will be discussed in a separate volume emphasizing its practical/ ap-plied aspects, rather than mentioning only the allelopathic effects. In this volume on Hormone Relations, different stresses have been arranged in order of their importance and work done.
Physiology of Stressed Crops, Vol. 4: Osmoregulation and Protection (Physiology of Stressed Crops)
by U S GuptaTo cope with the abiotic stress-induced osmotic problems, plants adapt by either increasing uptake of inorganic ions from the external solution, or by de novo synthesis of organic compatible solutes acting as osmolytes. Of the osmoregulants and protectants discussed in this volume, trehalose, fructans, ectoine and citrulline, which are generated in different species, in osmotically ineffective amounts, mitigate the stress effects on cells/plants and improve productivity. There are several pieces of encouraging research discussed in this volume showing significant improvement in stress tolerance and in turn productivity by involving genetic engineering techniques.
Physiology of Stressed Crops, Vol. 5: Membrane System (Physiology of Stressed Crops)
by U S GuptaThough plant cells are separated by cell walls, cells maintain their identity as they are delimited by semi-permeable membranes that permit them to function as autonomous units. The flow of materials in and out of the cell is regulated by channels, transporters, pumps, and acquaporins in these membranes. The cytoplasm is sandwiched between two membranes: the plasma membrane, which forms the outer boundary of the cytoplasm, and the tonoplast or the vacuolar membrane which forms the inner boundary. Cell membranes serve several different functions: form boundaries and provide compartmentalization, site of chemical reactions catalyzed by membrane proteins, regulate the exchange of ions/compounds across the barrier, site of perception/transmission of signals (hormones), and act in cell-to-cell communication.The membrane functions are affected by different abiotic (biotic stress not discussed), nutritional, edaphic and mechanical stresses, which have been discussed in this volume in light of the recent literature
Physiology of Woody Plants (3rd Edition)
by Stephen G. PallardyWoody plants such as trees have a significant economic and climatic influence on global economies and ecologies. This completely revised classic book is an up-to-date synthesis of the intensive research devoted to woody plants published in the second edition, with additional important aspects from the authors' previous book, Growth Control in Woody Plants. Intended primarily as a reference for researchers, the interdisciplinary nature of the book makes it useful to a broad range of scientists and researchers from agroforesters, agronomists, and arborists to plant pathologists and soil scientists. This third edition provides crutial updates to many chapters, including: responses of plants to elevated CO2; the process and regulation of cambial growth; photoinhibition and photoprotection of photosynthesis; nitrogen metabolism and internal recycling, and more. Revised chapters focus on emerging discoveries of the patterns and processes of woody plant physiology. * The only book to provide recommendations for the use of specific management practices and experimental procedures and equipment * Interdisciplinary approach will appeal to a broad range of scientists, researchers, and growers * Thoroughly updated with the latest research devoted to woody plants
Physiology of the Peanut Plant
by P BasuchaudhuriPeanut is an important crop in the semi-arid regions of the world. Both, irrigation and well water can provide the water necessary for it. It is a nutritious seed nut crop and has manyfold uses. As such, research on this crop is imperative. This book reviews physiological aspects, keeping in mind the changing agroclimatic conditions. Growth, development and yield are described on the basis of cellular and morphological manifestations. Being a C3 plant, the photosynthesis and respiration in peanuts is critically viewed specially under varying environment conditions and genotypes. The study of nitrogen assimilation and biological nitrogen fixation have been presented in light of the prevalent environmental and gene effects. The role of plant growth regulators in peanuts is elaborated on, stating up-to-date mode of actions. Special emphasis has been given to mechanisms of abiotic stress effects. The chapters (13) are arranged on the basis of physiology, cellular structure, biochemistry, molecular and genomics concepts.
Physiology, Biophysics, and Biomedical Engineering (Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering)
by Andrew W. WoodPhysiology, Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering provides a multidisciplinary understanding of biological phenomena and the instrumentation for monitoring these phenomena. It covers the physical phenomena of electricity, pressure, and flow along with the adaptation of the physics of the phenomena to the special conditions and constraints of biolog
Phyto and Microbial Remediation of Heavy Metals and Radionuclides in the Environment: An Eco-Friendly Solution for Detoxifying Soils (Routledge Focus on Environment and Sustainability)
by Rym Salah-Tazdaït Djaber TazdaïtThis book examines the role that bioremediation can play in the detoxification of soil, water, and air to improve environmental and human health, with a specific focus on heavy metals and radionuclides. Environmental pollution, whether by natural or human causes, with industrial activities being a key player, is a challenge facing all nations across the world. While treatment has typically required the use of expensive technology, one promising solution is the use of phytoremediation, in which plants act by metabolizing or sequestering pollutants. This eco-friendly solution is a good alternative to the standard methods of soil and water treatments. This book provides not only the basic definitions and classification of technologies used for contaminant remediation but also the most recent studies dealing with the selection of new promising microbial stains and plant varieties involved in the treatment of radioactive and heavy metal contaminants. It provides a detailed description of the biochemical mechanisms and genes involved in the bioremediation of radionuclides and heavy metals, offering a clear insight for academics and practitioners interested in in vitro and in situ biological treatment. This book will be of great value to students and scholars interested in environmental pollution and environmental health from across a range of different disciplines, including environmental microbiology and chemistry, ecology and environmental science, biological and environmental engineering and biotechnology.