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Poor Kids In A Rich Country: America's Children In Comparative Perspective

In comparing the situation of American children in low-income families with their counterparts in other wealthy countries, Lee Rainwater and Timothy M. Smeeding provide a powerful perspective on the dynamics of child poverty in the United States.

Pop, Sizzle, Boom!: 101 Science Experiments for the Mad Scientist in Every Kid

A Parents' Choice Award Recommended Book!The most clever, fun, and exciting book of kids' science experiments ever! This book is perfect for kids who like the excitement of exploding things, boiling things, and generally making a mess while learning about science.Get ready for amazing projects like:-Slime Party! Make slime with Elmer's Glue.-Color-changing milk-Mentos Diet Coke Geyser-PVC Rocket Launcher-Puffy Paint in the Microwave-Solar Oven S'mores-Homemade Light Saber

Popper and His Popular Critics

This volume examines Popper's philosophy by analyzing the criticism of his most popular critics: Thomas Kuhn, Paul Feyerabend and Imre Lakatos. They all followed his rejection of the traditional view of science as inductive. Starting from the assumption that Hume's criticism of induction is valid, the book explores the central criticism and objections that these three critics have raised Their objections have met with great success, are significant and deserve paraphrase. One also may consider them reasonable protests against Popper's high standards rather than fundamental criticisms of his philosophy The book starts out with a preliminary discussion of some central background material and essentials of Popper's philosophy. It ends with nutshell representations of the philosophies of Popper. Kuhn, Feyerabend and Lakatos. The middle section of the book presents the connection between these philosophers and explains what their central ideas consists of, what the critical arguments are, how they presented them, and how valid they are. In the process, the author claims that Popper's popular critics used against him arguments that he had invented (and answered) without saying so. They differ from him mainly in that they demanded of all criticism that it should be constructive: do not stop believing a refuted theory unless there is a better alternative to it. Popper hardly ever discussed belief, delegating its study to psychology proper; he usually discussed only objective knowledge, knowledge that is public and thus open to public scrutiny.

Popper, Otto Selz, and the Rise of Evolutionary Epistemology

This book demonstrates that Karl Popper's philosophy of science, with its emphasis on the method of trial and error, is largely based on the psychology of Otto Selz. Selz's theory of problem solving and scientific discovery laid the foundation for much of contemporary cognitive psychology. This original analysis covers Popper's early writings before he began his career as a philosopher.

Poppy: The Genus Papaver

Poppy, the third volume in the series Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles presents up-to-date information on Poppy and related species. The introduction emphasizes the importance of Poppy, giving a historical evaluation. in the chapters describing the botany and taxonomy of the genus some novel aspects are discussed, e.g., special m

Popular Clone

"Castle's debut, the first in a planned series, strikes just the right balance of humor and action and is sure to keep young readers turning the pages. Fisher's struggles to fit in, to relate to girls and to uncover and preserve his true self feel genuine, making him a misfit and unlikely hero worth rooting for. "-Kirkus Reviews Meet Fisher Bas: 12 years-old, growth-stunted, a geeky science genius, and son of the Nobel Prize-winning creators of the Bas-Hermaphrodite-Sea-Slug-Hypothesis. No surprise: Fisher isn't exactly the most popular kid in his middle-school, tormented daily by the beefy, overgrown goons he calls The Vikings. But he senses relief when he comes upon the idea of cloning himself--creating a second Fisher to go to school each day while he stays at home playing video games and eating cheetos with ketchup. It's an ingenious plan that works brilliantly, until Fisher's clone turns out to be more popular than him--and soon after gets clone-napped by the evil scientist Dr. Xander. Also available in simultaneous e-book edition (ISBN 978-1-60684-301-7).

Popular Clone (The Clone Chronicles #1)

Meet Fisher Bas: 12 years-old, growth-stunted, a geeky science genius, and son of the Nobel Prize-winning creators of the Bas-Hermaphrodite-Sea-Slug-Hypothesis. No surprise: Fisher isn't exactly the most popular kid in his middle-school, tormented daily by the beefy, overgrown goons he calls The Vikings. But he senses relief when he comes upon the idea of cloning himself—creating a second Fisher to go to school each day while he stays at home playing video games and eating cheetos with ketchup. It's an ingenious plan that works brilliantly, until Fisher's clone turns out to be more popular than him—and soon after gets clone-napped by the evil scientist Dr. Xander. Can Fischer save his clone in time, or will his whole plan be exposed?

Popular Clone: The Clone Chronicles #1

"Castle's debut, the first in a planned series, strikes just the right balance of humor and action and is sure to keep young readers turning the pages. Fisher's struggles to fit in, to relate to girls and to uncover and preserve his true self feel genuine, making him a misfit and unlikely hero worth rooting for."--Kirkus ReviewsMeet Fisher Bas: a 12-year-old, growth-stunted, geeky science genius who is the son of Nobel Prize -winning parents. Despite his outsized IQ, Fisher is far from the most popular kid in his middle school--he's actually tormented daily by the beefy, overgrown goons he calls the Vikings. Holed up in his home lab over a long weekend, Fisher uses his mother's revolutionary Advanced Growth Hormone to clone himself. Now Fisher Two can go to school each day while the real Fisher stays at home playing video games, eating Cheetos, and working on his latest inventions. It's an ingenious plan that works brilliantly . . . until Fisher's clone turns out to be more popular than him and then gets clone-napped by the evil scientist Dr. Xander. As his simple plan to literally avoid the toilet bowl of middle school collapses, Fisher's life gets even more complicated, and he must set out on an epic adventure to rescue his genetic counterpart.

Popular Medicinal Plants in Portland and Kingston, Jamaica (Advances in Economic Botany)

This book highlights the results from over a year of ethnobotanical research in a rural and an urban community in Jamaica, where we interviewed more than 100 people who use medicinal plants for healthcare. The goal of this research was to better understand patterns of medicinal plant knowledge, and to find out which plants are used in consensus by local people for a variety of illnesses. For this book, we selected 25 popular medicinal plant species mentioned during fieldwork. Through individual interviews, we were able to rank plants according to their frequency of mention, and categorized the medicinal uses for each species as “major” (mentioned by more than 20% of people in a community) or “minor” (mentioned by more than 5%, but less than 20% of people). Botanical identification of plant specimens collected in the wild allowed for cross-linking of common and scientific plant names. To supplement field research, we undertook a comprehensive search and review of the ethnobotanical and biomedical literature. Our book summarizes all this information in detail under specific sub-headings.

Popular Political Participation and the Democratic Imagination in Spain: From Crowd to People, 1766-1868

This book addresses the changing relationships among political participation, political representation, and popular mobilization in Spain from the 1766 protest in Madrid against the early Bourbon reforms until the citizen revolution of 1868 that first introduced universal suffrage and led to the ousting of the monarchy. Popular Participation and the Democratic Imagination in Spain shows that a notion of the “crowd” internally dividing the concept of “people” existed before the advent of Liberalism, allowing for the enduring subordination of popular participation to representation in politics. In its wider European and colonial American context, the study analyzes semantic changes in a range of cultural spheres, from parliamentary debate to historical narrative and aesthetics. It shows how Liberalism had trouble reproducing the legitimacy of limited suffrage and traces the evolution of an imagination on democracy that would allow for the reconfiguration of an all-encompassing image of the people eventually overcoming representative government.“Focused on the nation and identities, Spanish historiography had a pending debt with that other historical subject of modernity, the people. With this book, Pablo Sánchez León starts cancelling the debt with an innovative methodology combining conceptual history with social and political history. Brilliantly, this books also proposes a novel chronology for modern history and renewed categories of analysis. In many senses, this is an extraordinarily renovating senior work.”—José María Portillo Valdés, University of the Basque Country, Spain “This book by Pablo Sánchez León is an original and detailed study of one of the essential components of modernity, the relation between the concepts of plebe and pueblo. The author shows that plebe and people were shaped in a process of mutual differentiation and how the enduring tension between them deeply marked out the evolution of Spanish politics from the end of the Old Regime and throughout the 19th century. As the author brilliantly argues, such tension is tightly imbricated with the enduring dilemma between representation and participation underlying modern political systems. Through a historical analysis of the influence of people and plebe over Spanish, the book makes clear the degree to which the power of language contributes to shape political actors and institutional frames.”—Miguel Ángel Cabrera — Professor, University of La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain “Most accounts of Spain’s transition to modern democracy begin with the popular uprising against the French invasion in 1808, the creation of a national parliament and the promulgation of an advanced Liberal constitution in 1812. Pablo Sánchez León begins the story half a century earlier in the mass street protests in Madrid and other cities in 1766 sparked by Charles III’s sweeping reform programme. Sánchez León focuses unrepentantly on plebeian groups and crowd action – how they are described and conceived by contemporaries – as a key to understanding Spain’s precocious and troubled passage from absolutism to the promulgation of universal male suffrage in September 1868. This audacious and highly original interpretation will surely strike a chord with students of modern Spain.”—Guy Thomson, University of Warwick, UK “This is a book for exploring (from current needs) the history of political participation in Spanish society in order to rethink the very notion of modern citizenship.”—María Sierra, University of Seville, Spain “Motivated by the current crisis in political representation in parliamentary democracies, this work by Pablo Sánchez León departs from the process of construction of modern citizenship. Representation, participation and mobilization are put into play as an interactive triad whose dynamics and changing conceptualization have the key to the social, political and cultural chang

Popular Science Monthly, Volume 86 (July to September #1915)

Popularizing Science: The Complex Terminological Interactions between Scientific and Press Discourses within the Field of Agroecology

Media coverage of scientific issues is a highly complex process. It involves making a specialized field accessible to the general public, without necessarily disseminating the associated scientific terms or knowledge. The terminological interactions between press discourses and scientific knowledge are presented within the field of agroecology. The analysis of textual data focuses on articles in the general press in French and English, devoted to plant protection practices using natural mechanisms (biological control). This book provides a terminological and cognitive overview of the issues involved in popularizing science in a rapidly expanding field, and of the challenges to be met in the constantly evolving environmental communication sector.

Population And Environment: Rethinking The Debate

This ambitious interdisciplinary volume places population processes in their social, political, and economic contexts while it considers their environmental impacts. Examining the multi-faceted patterns of human relationships that overlay, alter, and distort our ties to urban and rural landscapes, the book focuses especially on the essential experi

Population Biobank Studies: A Practical Guide

This book describes some of the key epidemiological principles, scientific approaches and quality assurance frameworks required to design and conduct biobank studies in various settings. Using examples from contemporary biobanks, the book addresses the design features and practical procedures needed in order to launch and manage biobank studies, including consent and regulatory approval, the organisation of field work, management of data and biological samples, follow-up and verification of disease outcomes, development of IT systems for data collection, quality assurance and study management. Over the last two decades, several large biobank studies have been initiated in different populations, intended to greatly enhance the development of precision medicine. Contemporary biobank studies are extremely large and complex, and involve several decades of follow-up. Such studies pose major challenges in terms of ensuring rapid recruitment, obtaining high-quality data, minimising loss to follow-up, reliably classifying disease outcomes, and optimising the use of the biological samples collected. In this regard, the key to success lies not in planning the perfect study, but in planning the most appropriate, reliable, sustainable and future-proof study given the practical constraints of available resources, time and capacity. The authors of this handbook are epidemiologists, clinicians, software engineers, and laboratory and data scientists with extensive experience in conducting large biobank studies. The eight chapters can be read separately or together, and provide readers with essential information on how to design, implement and manage these studies. The state-of-the-art, innovative and scalable approaches and methodologies presented here are intended to stimulate the development of further population-based and hospital-based biobank studies in diverse populations.

Population Demography of Northern Spotted Owls

The Northern Spotted Owl, a threatened species that occurs in coniferous forests in the western United States, has become a well-known environmental symbol. But how is the owl actually faring? This book contains the results of a long-term effort by a large group of leading researchers to document population trends of the Northern Spotted Owl. The study was conducted on 11 areas in the Pacific Northwest from 1985 to 2008, and its objectives were both to evaluate population trends and to assess relationships between reproductive rates and recruitment of owls and covariates such as weather, habitat, and the invasion of a closely related species, the Barred Owl. Among other findings, the study shows that fecundity was declining in five populations, stable in three, and increasing in three areas. Annual apparent survival rates of adults were declining in 10 out of 11 areas. This broad, synthetic work provides the most complete and up-to-date picture of the population status of this inconspicuous forest owl, which is at the center of the complex and often volatile debate regarding the management of forest lands in the western United States.

Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos (International Perspectives in Geography #22)

This book examines various trends in small-scale societies in Laos by linking population changes to livelihood changes. The primary research issues addressed in the book are as follows: ･ How are population dynamics and livelihood changes in small-scale societies interrelated? ･ What are the current demographic trends in rural areas of Laos? ･ How are the livelihoods of small-scale societies maintained? ･ How is the rapid population growth common in developing countries managed? In order to investigate these issues in developing countries where statistical data are not well developed, it was necessary to collect information through detailed and distinctive fieldwork. To this end, a multidisciplinary study of geography, cultural anthropology, human ecology, and demography was conducted in three villages in Laos and compiled as an ethnography. The study included a four-generation retrospective survey of population and land use change, a two-year survey of food dairies, and a survey of the spatiotemporal distribution of residents' daily activities using GIS and GPS, etc. The book provides valuable information on the slowdown in the rate of population growth in contemporary rural Laos. Livelihoods, family planning and population migration are explored in the context of the decreasing population growth rate. In addition, the book describes the process of adopting modern contraceptive methods in rural areas, as well as the Lao government's reproductive policies and villagers' responses to them. It also illustrates rural–rural and rural–urban population migration influenced by the government's resettlement policies, which encourages people to move from the highlands to the lowlands.

Population Dynamics of Commercial Fish in Inland Reservoirs

This text analyzes the structure of fish populations in inland reservoirs, based on absolute values of their mass. The structure of population and its changes have been examined in seven fish species from small lakes, two from large lakes and seven from large reservoirs in plains. Special attention has been paid to the main indicator of the structure of population-correlation between the age of ichthyomass and mass maturation.

Population Ecology in Practice: Underused, Misused And Abused Methods

A synthesis of contemporary analytical and modeling approaches in population ecology The book provides an overview of the key analytical approaches that are currently used in demographic, genetic, and spatial analyses in population ecology. The chapters present current problems, introduce advances in analytical methods and models, and demonstrate the applications of quantitative methods to ecological data. The book covers new tools for designing robust field studies; estimation of abundance and demographic rates; matrix population models and analyses of population dynamics; and current approaches for genetic and spatial analysis. Each chapter is illustrated by empirical examples based on real datasets, with a companion website that offers online exercises and examples of computer code in the R statistical software platform. Fills a niche for a book that emphasizes applied aspects of population analysis Covers many of the current methods being used to analyse population dynamics and structure Illustrates the application of specific analytical methods through worked examples based on real datasets Offers readers the opportunity to work through examples or adapt the routines to their own datasets using computer code in the R statistical platform Population Ecology in Practice is an excellent book for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in population ecology or ecological statistics, as well as established researchers needing a desktop reference for contemporary methods used to develop robust population assessments.

Population Epigenetics

This detailed volume focuses on population epigenetics, which is of increasing interest to policy makers searching for explanations for complex epidemiological observations and conceptual models on which to base interventions. With a concentration on DNA methylation, the emphasis is on the most commonly studied epigenetic phenomenon that is most amenable to further study. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Population Epigenetics: Methods and Protocols aims to aid population researchers in exploiting the latest insights into epigenetics to improve our understanding of the factors that influence human health and longevity.

Population Fluctuations in Rodents

How did rodent outbreaks in Germany help to end World War I? What caused the destructive outbreak of rodents in Oregon and California in the late 1950s, the large population outbreak of lemmings in Scandinavia in 2010, and the great abundance of field mice in Scotland in the spring of 2011? Population fluctuations, or outbreaks, of rodents constitute one of the classic problems of animal ecology, and in Population Fluctuations in Rodents, Charles J. Krebs sifts through the last eighty years of research to draw out exactly what we know about rodent outbreaks and what should be the agenda for future research. Krebs has synthesized the research in this area, focusing mainly on the voles and lemmings of the Northern Hemisphere—his primary area of expertise—but also referring to the literature on rats and mice. He covers the patterns of changes in reproduction and mortality and the mechanisms that cause these changes—including predation, disease, food shortage, and social behavior—and discusses how landscapes can affect population changes, methodically presenting the hypotheses related to each topic before determining whether or not the data supports them. He ends on an expansive note, by turning his gaze outward and discussing how the research on rodent populations can apply to other terrestrial mammals. Geared toward advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and practicing ecologists interested in rodent population studies, this book will also appeal to researchers seeking to manage rodent populations and to understand outbreaks in both natural and urban settings—or, conversely, to protect endangered species.

Population Genetics

Now updated for its second edition, Population Genetics is the classic, accessible introduction to the concepts of population genetics. Combining traditional conceptual approaches with classical hypotheses and debates, the book equips students to understand a wide array of empirical studies that are based on the first principles of population genetics. Featuring a highly accessible introduction to coalescent theory, as well as covering the major conceptual advances in population genetics of the last two decades, the second edition now also includes end of chapter problem sets and revised coverage of recombination in the coalescent model, metapopulation extinction and recolonization, and the fixation index.

Population Genetics

This book aims to make population genetics approachable, logical and easily understood. To achieve these goals, the book’s design emphasizes well explained introductions to key principles and predictions. These are augmented with case studies as well as illustrations along with introductions to classical hypotheses and debates. Pedagogical features in the text include: Interact boxes that guide readers step-by-step through computer simulations using public domain software. Math boxes that fully explain mathematical derivations. Methods boxes that give insight into the use of actual genetic data. Numerous Problem boxes are integrated into the text to reinforce concepts as they are encountered. Dedicated website at www.wiley.com/go/hamiltongenetics This text also offers a highly accessible introduction to coalescent theory, the major conceptual advance in population genetics of the last two decades.

Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory

Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory, Second Edition provides a solid basis in population genetics, with an emphasis on comprehending the biological implications of population genetic theory. Building on the success of the first edition, Population Genetics is now revised and expanded with coverage of the exciting new developments in the field, including new discoveries in epigenetics and genome-wide studies. Emphasizing that population structure forms the underlying template upon which quantitative genetics and natural selection operate, the book prepares students to successfully apply population genetics analytical tools by providing a solid foundation in microevolutionary theory. Population Genetics and Microevolutionary Theory, Second Edition is a must-read for future population and evolutionary geneticists, and for those who will be applying population genetic concepts and techniques in other areas such as genetic epidemiology and conservation biology.

Population Genetics in the Neotropics

The Neotropics hold high levels of biodiversity, figuring among the essential hotspots for conservation on Earth. Invaluable genetic resources of this biogeographic dominion must deserve attention of conservationists, as well as of breeders. This project is aimed at producing a book on population genetics directed to an audience of undergraduate and graduate students but not limited to those. In a distinct approach, we seek to develop a material devoted to population genetics in the Neotropics, contextualizing examples of several animal and plant species belonging to this highly diverse dominion. Traditional books available in the subject of population genetics commonly deal with organisms that are native to North America and Europe, while neotropical organisms are lacking in the context, so our book comes forth as an initiative towards covering that. Among several subjects, this textbook addresses studies on molecular evolution and phylogenetics, genetic structure at broad and fine spatial scales, landscape genetics, niche modeling and climate change, conservation genetics and quantitative variation and its genetic components in hotspots of biodiversity such as the Amazon, the Brazilian Savanna and the Atlantic Rain Forest. It should provide an easy going reading, with the main concepts being presented and contextualized within the Neotropical dynamics of plants and animal populations. Basic mathematical foundations of population genetics theory are provided, but no further details on deductions and advanced algebra are given, for the purpose of simplicity. The application of the studies on conservation and breeding is also addressed. The chapters were planned to be brief, describing the main concepts, processes and case studies. Invited authors were encouraged to describe examples from their own research in the Neotropics. Altogether, this project may offer students with a textbook with concepts and ideas of the Neotropical genetic diversity, bringing awareness and stimulating endeavors towards the continuance of conservation of endangered species in their environments of origin.

Population Genetics: A Concise Guide

This concise introduction offers students and researchers an overview of the discipline that connects genetics and evolution. Addressing the theories behind population genetics and relevant empirical evidence, John Gillespie discusses genetic drift, natural selection, nonrandom mating, quantitative genetics, and the evolutionary advantage of sex. First published to wide acclaim in 1998, this brilliant primer has been updated to include new sections on molecular evolution, genetic drift, genetic load, the stationary distribution, and two-locus dynamics. This book is indispensable for students working in a laboratory setting or studying free-ranging populations.