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Plant High-Throughput Phenotyping and Functional Phenomics
by Jen-Tsung ChenThis book provides a series of comprehensive summaries highlighting the emerging achievements in the fields of plant high‑throughput phenotyping that leads to constructing functional phenomics, one of the essential components of plant functional genomics. It presents broad aspects of methods, applications, and future directions. It offers an efficient way for readers to overview this crucial topic to realize the concept as a whole, to advance the design of their future experiments, and to inspire the exploration of the knowledge, which eventually leads to better crop development in the future by scientists, plant biologists, and crop breeders. It covers advanced tools for studying functional phenomics, including artificial intelligence, imaging, remote sensing, robotics, and aerial vehicle technologies, to empower crop speed breeding, particularly in the development of stress‑tolerant future crops. The knowledge of this book supports the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations to develop climate‑smart and sustainable agriculture for achieving zero hunger globally.
Plant Holobiome Engineering for Climate-Smart Agriculture (Sustainable Plant Nutrition in a Changing World)
by R. Z. Sayyed Noshin IlyasThis edited volume is an inclusive collection of information on crop holobiome, their function and diversity, the plausible role of soil microbes in crop growth, protection from pathogens and stresses, the use of resilient microbiomes for changing climate, and the use of new technologies to study plant-insect-microbe molecular interactions in agricultural systems. Holobiomes provide information about both plants and their microbiomes, which gives a more comprehensive insight, particularly for changing climatic scenarios. By optimizing the crop holobime function crop productivity and plant health can be enhanced manifold. This book deep dives into the numerous ways in which holobiome supports the improving plant health, nutrient uptake, disease control, and stress resistance in major food crops. It helps researchers, academicians, agri-entrepreneurs, and technologists understand the structure and function of holobiomes in crop growth, health, stress tolerance under climatic changes, and holobiome diversity and evolution. The book is also helpful in designing new dimensions in the holobiome research and development of new products and technologies. This volume is of interest and useful to agriculture scientists, microbiologists, ecologists, and is a valuable source of reference to researchers and students.
Plant Hormone Protocols
by Gregory A. Tucker Jeremy A. RobertsEstablished investigators from around the world describe in step-by-step detail their best techniques for the study of plant hormones and their regulatory activities. These state-of-the-art methods include contemporary approaches to identifying the biosynthetic pathways of plant hormones, monitoring their levels, characterizing the receptors with which they interact, and analyzing the signaling systems by which they exert their effects. Comprehensive and fully detailed for reproducible laboratory success, Plant Hormone Protocols offers plant biologists an indispensable compendium of today's most powerful methods and strategies to studying plant hormones, their regulation, and their activities.
Plant Hormone Signaling Systems in Plant Innate Immunity
by P. VidhyasekaranPlants are endowed with innate immune system, which acts as a surveillance system against possible attack by pathogens. Plant innate immune systems have high potential to fight against viral, bacterial, oomycete and fungal pathogens and protect the crop plants against wide range of diseases. However, the innate immune system is a sleeping system in unstressed healthy plants. Fast and strong activation of the plant immune responses aids the host plants to win the war against the pathogens. Plant hormone signaling systems including salicylate (SA), jasmonate (JA), ethylene (ET), abscisic acid (ABA), auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins and brassinosteroids signaling systems play a key role in activation of the sleeping immune systems. Suppression or induction of specific hormone signaling systems may result in disease development or disease resistance. Specific signaling pathway has to be activated to confer resistance against specific pathogen in a particular host. Two forms of induced resistance, systemic acquired resistance (SAR) and induced systemic resistance (ISR), have been recognized based on the induction of specific hormone signaling systems. Specific hormone signaling system determines the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions, culminating in disease development or disease resistance. Susceptibility or resistance against a particular pathogen is determined by the action of the signaling network. The disease outcome is often determined by complex network of interactions among multiple hormone signaling pathways. Manipulation of the complex hormone signaling systems and fine tuning the hormone signaling events would help in management of various crop diseases. The purpose of the book is to critically examine the potential methods to manipulate the multiple plant hormone signaling systems to aid the host plants to win the battle against pathogens.
Plant Hormones
by Dario Bonetta Sean CutlerThe last ten years have witnessed a monumental increase in our understanding of plant hormones. A decade ago, scientists were forced to rely on vague ideas about hormone action; today, these have been replaced by detailed molecular models. Given the rapid increase in our understanding of plant hormone biology, this comprehensive review could not have come at a better time. In Plant Hormones: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition, expert researchers explore the most current genetic, biochemical, analytical and chemical biological approaches for understanding plant hormone action, providing a concise overview of methods and reagents needed to dissect plant signalling pathways using chemical genetic methods. Chapters address such topics as genetic methods of analysis using the model system Arabidopsis thaliana, biochemical methods for documenting interactions between hormones and receptors, the use of high-throughput sequencing technologies for microRNA analysis, and analytical approaches for measuring endogenous plant hormone levels, including LC-MS and GC-MS based methods. Composed in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each chapter contains a brief introduction, step-by-step methods, a list of necessary materials, and a Notes section which shares tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Innovative and cutting edge, Plant Hormones: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is an essential guide for all plant scientists who are facing the complex and challenging questions that will determine the future of this vital field.
Plant Hormones
by Michael Sauer Jürgen Kleine-VehnThis volume aims to present a representative cross-section of modern experimental approaches relevant to Plant Hormone Biology, ranging from relatively simple physiological to highly sophisticated methods. Chapters describe physiological, developmental, microscopy-based techniques, measure hormone contents, and heterologous systems. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Plant Hormones:Methods and Protocols, Third Edition aims to provide researchers with useful methods to advance their research.
Plant Hormones and Climate Change
by Golam Jalal Ahammed Jingquan YuThis book provides new insights into the mechanisms of plant hormone-mediated growth regulation and stress tolerance covering the most recent biochemical, physiological, genetic, and molecular studies. It also highlights the potential implications of plant hormones in ensuring food security in the face of climate change. Each chapter covers particular abiotic stress (heat stress, cold, drought, flooding, soil acidity, ozone, heavy metals, elevated CO2, acid rain, and photooxidative stress) and the versatile role of plant hormones in stress perception, signal transduction, and subsequent stress tolerance in the context of climate change. Some chapters also discuss hormonal crosstalk or interaction in plant stress adaptation and highlight convergence points of crosstalk between plant hormones and environmental signals such as light, which are considered recent breakthrough studies in plant hormone research. As exogenous application or genetic manipulation of hormones can alter crop yield under favorable and/or unfavorable environmental conditions, the utilization of plant hormones in modern agriculture is of great significance in the context of global climate change. Thus, it is important to further explore how hormone manipulation can secure a good harvest under challenging environmental conditions. This volume is dedicated to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2 and 13. The volume is suitable for plant science-related courses, such as plant stress physiology, plant growth regulators, and physiology and biochemistry of phytohormones for undergraduate, graduate, and postgraduate students at colleges and universities. The book can be a useful reference for academicians and scientists involved in research related to plant hormones and stress tolerance.
Plant Hormones under Challenging Environmental Factors
by Golam Jalal Ahammed Jing-Quan YuThis book presents recent advances in understanding the physiological and molecular mechanisms of different abiotic stresses such as high or low temperature, salinity, drought, flooding, soil acidity, heavy metals, light stress and ozone stress, and discusses the multifaceted role of phytohormones in stress adaptation and the underlying mechanisms. Aimed at students and researchers in the field of plant science, it offers a comprehensive overview of the versatile roles and interactions of different phytohormones in response to a specific stress factor and examines the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms that have been the subject of recent research.
Plant Image Analysis: Fundamentals and Applications
by S. Dutta Gupta Yasuomi IbarakiThe application of imaging techniques in plant and agricultural sciences had previously been confined to images obtained through remote sensing techniques. Technological advancements now allow image analysis for the nondestructive and objective evaluation of biological objects. This has opened a new window in the field of plant science. Plant Image
Plant Immunity
by John M. McdowellA great deal of effort is being invested in understanding the molecular mechanisms through which plants interact with pathogenic microbes. In Plant Immunity: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers in the field describe emerging technologies that can be applied to the most significant outstanding questions faced by scientists studying immunity in plants. The technologies in this detailed volume include methods for examining protein localization, protein complex purification, protein-protein interactions, transient and inducible gene expression, chromatin immunoprecipitation, microaspiration, laser microdissection, purification of fungal haustoria, and genetic manipulation of bacterial and oomycete pathogens. These techniques are applicable to a wide range of topics, including molecular functionality of NB-LRR proteins and other immune signaling components, and functional characterization of effector proteins and other pathogen components that sabotage host immunity. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Plant Innate Immunity Signals and Signaling Systems: Bioengineering and Molecular Manipulation for Crop Disease Management (Signaling and Communication in Plants #0)
by P. VidhyasekaranThe volume III of the book presents the ways and means to manipulate the signals and signaling system to enhance the expression of plant innate immunity for crop disease management. It also describes bioengineering approaches to develop transgenic plants expressing enhanced disease resistance using plant immunity signaling genes. It also discusses recent commercial development of biotechnological products to manipulate plant innate immunity for crop disease management. Engineering durable nonspecific resistance to phytopathogens is one of the ultimate goals of plant breeding. However, most of the attempts to reach this goal fail as a result of rapid changes in pathogen populations and the sheer diversity of pathogen infection mechanisms. Recently several bioengineering and molecular manipulation technologies have been developed to activate the ‘sleeping’ plant innate immune system, which has potential to detect and suppress the development of a wide range of plant pathogens in economically important crop plants. Enhancing disease resistance through altered regulation of plant immunity signaling systems would be durable and publicly acceptable. Strategies for activation and improvement of plant immunity aim at enhancing host’s capability of recognizing invading pathogens, boosting the executive arsenal of plant immunity, and interfering with virulence strategies employed by microbial pathogens. Major advances in our understanding of the molecular basis of plant immunity and of microbial infection strategies have opened new ways for engineering durable resistance in crop plants.
Plant Innate Immunity: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1991)
by Walter GassmannThe volume presents valuable methods that look at important biological processes not traditionally assayed in the study of plant immunity, and at non-model systems. The chapters in this book cover topics such as identifying host targets of acetylating effectors by immunoprecipitation; quantifying ATP release from plant cells; protein-DNA interactions; DNA methylation; measurement and playback of leaf vibrations; natural infection routes of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris using Arabidopsis; and isolating favorable plant-growth-promoting bacteria from the phytosphere. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Cutting-edge and thorough, Plant Innate Immunity: Methods and Protocols is an essential resource for all researchers interested in expanding their knowledge and learning new techniques in this ever-growing field.
Plant Invasions and Global Climate Change
by Priyanka Srivastava Rishikesh Singh Rahul Bhadouria Sachchidanand Tripathi Daizy R. BatishThis edited book provides an ensemble of contemporary research related to the challenges, impacts and precautionary measures for tackling plant invasions in the context of changing climate in different regions of the world. In current scenario, plant invasions are expansive and significant component of anthropogenic global climate change. Temperature variations may compromise the adaptability of native species, thereby stressing them and decreasing the resistance potential of natural communities to invasion. Invasive alien species under the current scenario have been suggested as a major threat to biodiversity. It is also predicted that increasing disturbances or extreme events such as fires, floods, cyclones, storms, heat-waves, droughts, etc. will be direct consequences of changing climate supporting the invasive alien species. A comprehensive understanding of the interaction between species invasion and climate change will be supplemental in forecasting future shifts in biodiversity. Further, different predictive models indicate a plausible increase in the abundance and impact of invasive alien species which may have direct implications for future research and target-oriented policy and decision making. However, these predictions become more complicated considering the complexity of interactions between the impacts of changing climate with other components of global change (changes in land use, nitrogen deposition, etc.) which are affecting the distribution of native plant species, ecosystem dynamics as well as non-native/invasive species. This book will be suitable for students (undergraduate and postgraduates) of agriculture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences; teachers, researchers, and climate change scientists in academic and research institutions. It will also be applicable to environmental management agencies, government agencies and policy makers.
Plant Invasions in Protected Areas
by David M. Richardson Llewellyn C. Foxcroft Petr Pyšek Piero GenovesiThis book is the first comprehensive global review of all aspects of alien plant invasions in protected areas. It provides insights into advances in invasion ecology emanating from work in protected areas, and the link to locally relevant management support for protected areas. The book provides in-depth case studies, illuminating interesting and insightful knowledge that can be shared across the global protected area network. The book includes the collective understanding of 80 ecologists and managers to extract as much information as possible that will support the long-term management of protected areas, and the biodiversity and associated ecosystem services they maintain. "This outstanding volume draws together pretty much all that can be said on this topic, ranging from the science, through policy, to practical action". Dr. Simon N. Stuart, IUCN Species Survival Commission, UK. "This important and timely volume addresses two of the most serious problems affecting biodiversity conservation today: assessing the extent to which protected areas are impacted by biological invasions and the complex problems of managing these impacts. Written by leading specialists, it provides a comprehensive overview of the issues and gives detailed examples drawn from protected areas across the world". Professor Vernon H. Heywood, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, UK
Plant Invasions: The Role of Biotic Interactions (CABI Invasives Series)
by Robert D. Holt Cang Hui Pietro Landi Ashish Adhikari Marcelo A. Aizen Warwick J. Allen Christophe Baltzinger Iain R. Caldwell Regan M. Callaway Jane A. Catford Lohengrin A Cavieres Keith Clay Julie A Coetzee Robert I Colautti Carla M. D’Antonio John L. Devaney M. Celeste Díaz Vélez Professor Colleen T Downs Carine Emer Fernando Fernanda Ribeiro da Silva Ana E. Ferreras S. Luke Flory Erica M. Goss Philip F. Harmon Ruben H Heleno Martin P. Hill Richard Honor Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury Amy E Kendig Peter M Kotanen Sara E. Kuebbing Guillaume Latombe Brett R. Lane Johannes J. Roux Nathan P Lemoine Jacob. E. Lucero Ana Montero-Castaño Lindelwa S. Msweli Valeria Paiaro John D. Parker Marco Aurélio Pizo Evan M Rehm David M Richardson Ushma Shukla Benno I Simmons Lauren M. Smith-Ramesh Sérgio Timóteo Elizabeth M Wandrag Christopher M Wojan Stephanie G. YelenikThere are many books on aspects of plant invasions, but none that focus on the key role of species interactions in mediating invasions. This book reviews exciting new findings and explores how new methods and tools are shedding new light on crucial processes in plant invasions. In 23 chapters, with contributions from 51 authors, the book addresses: · the main theories and hypotheses in plant invasion ecology that invoke species interactions; · plant invasions that are facilitated by, or benefit from, by mutualistic interactions and release from enemies; · antagonistic interactions that prevent or hinder plant invasions; · impacts of plant invasions on native species interactions and ecosystem functioning; · the interaction-network approach to understanding plant invasions; · the importance of considering species interactions in managing plant invasions
Plant Ionomics: Sensing, Signaling and Regulation
by Manzer H. Siddiqui Vijay Pratap SinghPlant Ionomics A thoroughly up-to-date exploration of nutrient uptake in plants In Plant Ionomics: Sensing, Signaling and Regulation, accomplished botanists and researchers Dr. Vijay Singh and Dr. Manzer Siddiqui deliver an up-to-date discussion on the sensing, signaling, and regulation of nutrient uptake in plants under a variety of conditions. The book offers an accessible and easy-to-use reference for researchers with an interest in plant ionomics, combining the latest research from leading laboratories around the globe. The authors provide coverage of a variety of critical topics, including plant and soil nutrient stoichiometry, nutrient management and stress tolerance in crops, and the relationship between agricultural production and nutrient applications. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to nutrient regulation and abiotic stress tolerance in plants In-depth discussions of nutrient uptake and transport in plants and the role of nutrients in ROS metabolism Practical explorations of nutrient and sugar signaling and associated gene networks in plants Extensive treatments of the role of nutrients in plant–microbe interactions and nutrient-use efficiency in plants Perfect for students, researchers, academics, and scientists with an interest in plant nutrition, Plant Ionomics: Sensing, Signaling and Regulation will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals in the agriculture and pharmaceutical industries.
Plant Iron Homeostasis: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2665)
by Jeeyon JeongThis detailed volume focuses on iron homeostasis in plants, iron being an essential micronutrient that serves as a cofactor in numerous metabolic processes but is harmful in excess. Specifically, the content ranges from protocols to study the iron deficiency response, the interaction between root and microbes under iron deficient conditions, the transcriptional network of iron homeostasis, systemic signaling of iron, chloroplast iron regulation, as well as methods on quantitative proteomics, histochemical iron staining, metal imaging using x-ray fluorescence microscopy, and more. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Iron Homeostasis: Methods and Protocols serves as a valuable resource for the plant iron homeostasis research community and will be of broad interest to plant biologists, soil scientists, and molecular biologists.
Plant Isoprenoids: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1153)
by Manuel Rodríguez-ConcepciónPlant Isoprenoids: Methods and Protocols is a collection of detailed techniques that will be a useful tool for a wide range of plant biologists, as well as for scientists of other fields interested in plant isoprenoids. Isoprenoids are an incredibly diverse family and they participate in a large variety of processes. Divided into four convenient sections to better cover strategic areas in plant isoprenoid research, topics include measurement of core enzyme activities involved in the production of isoprenoid precursors, targeted analysis of major groups of isoprenoid metabolites, isoprenoid profiling in specialized organs such as trichomes and oil glands as well as genetic, pharmacological and bioinformatic tools that are particularly useful for plant molecular biologists. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Authoritative and easily accessible, Plant Isoprenoids: Methods and Protocols will serve as an excellent reference material that can be adapted to develop customized methods for different needs making the world of plant isoprenoids more accessible for all researchers.
Plant Kinases: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #779)
by Arp Schnittger Nico DissmeyerModification of target protein properties by reversible phosphorylation events has been found to be one of the most prominent cellular control processes in all organisms. Recent advances in the areas of molecular biology and biochemistry are presenting new possibilities for reaching an unprecedented depth and a proteome-wide understanding of phosphorylation processes in plants as well as in other species. The major goal of Plant Kinases: Methods and Protocols is to provide the experimentalist with a detailed account of the practical steps necessary for successfully carrying out each protocol in his or her own laboratory. Plant protein kinases specifically addressed in this volume are members of the plant MAP kinase cascade, cyclin- and Calcium-dependent protein kinases, and plant sensor and receptor kinases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Plant Kinases: Methods and Protocols will prove a useful laboratory companion to both novice and seasoned researchers by facilitating the practical work that will lead them to new and exciting insights in this dynamic field.
Plant Landscape of Corsica: Typology and Mapping Plant Landscape of Cap Corse Region and Biguglia Pond (Geobotany Studies)
by Pauline Delbosc Frédéric Bioret Christophe PanaïotisSince the 1970s and particularly the works of Tüxen (1978) and Géhu & Rivas-Martínez (1981), dynamico-catenal phytosociology has facilitated the integration of vegetation dynamics by more precisely describing the trajectories of vegetation series. A national habitat mapping program (CarHAB), launched by France’s Ministry of Ecology, aims to map the vegetation and vegetation series of metropolitan France at a scale of 1: 25,000 by 2025. In this context, Corsica has been selected as a pilot region, due to its unique characteristics regarding Mediterranean and alticole vegetation. This book describes in detail the vegetation series and geoseries (ecology, structure, dynamic trajectories, effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation dynamics, catenal positioning in the landscape) of two Corsican sectors: Cap Corse and Biguglia pond. These two study sites were selected using two methods: • For Cap Corse, the typology and mapping are based on an inductive approach, which seeks to understand the dynamics of vegetation by drawing on the mature, substitutional, pioneering and anthropogenic associations likely to exist within a tessellar envelope. These various dynamic stages characterize “the vegetation series” (sigmetum or synassociation), the fundamental unit of symphytosociology (Géhu 2006; Biondi 2011). The aim of symphytosociology is, therefore, to define the vegetation series; in other words, it seeks to identify the repetitive combinations of syntaxa under homogeneous ecological conditions. • For Biguglia pond, the typology and mapping are based on a deductive approach, which combines (under SIG) the ecological descriptor maps with the vegetation mapping, in order to reveal the tesselas and the natural potential vegetation that underlies them. Thanks to the improvement of GIS techniques, this approach has been frequently used to characterize plant landscapes from vegetation to vegetation geoseries since the 2000s, with applications to the conservation management of natural and semi-natural environments.
Plant Life of the Dolomites
by Erika Pignatti Sandro PignattiThis volume provides an in-depth analysis of over 100 plant communities of the Dolomite vegetation. The data is based on the phytosociological relevés, which have been collected by the authors in nearly 2000 surveys. The key part consists of approx. 130 association tables presenting plant sociological data for the respective plant communities. Thus, this volume perfectly complements the successful main volume "Plant Life of the Dolomites: Vegetation Structure and Ecology," which features summarized, synoptic association tables of the twelve habitats. In addition, geo-referenced locations of relevés and detailed ecological measures are provided. A further part describes the individual components of the fascinating dolomitic landscape (Heritage of all Humanity) and presents tables of vegetation complexes, which summarize the more than 400 surveys carried out in the Dolomites. The structure of this supplementary volume corresponds to that of the main volume with a key part consisting of twelve chapters, each describing a specific habitat, and a total of 106 associations. Several topics covered in the main volume, such as the exploration of the flora, ecological factors and syntaxonomy are discussed further here.
Plant Life of the Dolomites
by Erika Pignatti Sandro PignattiThis volume offers distribution maps of over 2200 individual species living in the Dolomite area, presenting detailed records on the local range of every species growing in the area studied, from the Puster Valley to the Piave River. The data was collected on the basis of a multiple field observations carried out over several decades. After dividing the area into approx. 200 quadrants, a nearly complete census of the species present was obtained for each quadrant. The evaluation and synopsis of this extensive set of data, which is presented in the form of a chorological atlas in keeping with international standard methods, allows the area to be accurately compared with other parts of the Alps. In addition to the chorological atlas and floristic inventory, a list of synonyms and toponyms of the three languages used in the analyzed territory, an expanded list of updated scientific names, and some helpful remarks on various Dolomites species are included. Lastly, the book explores how species can be considered as landscape bioindicators. This third volume of the work Plant Life of the Dolomites complements the main volume Vegetation Structure and Ecology and the volume Vegetation Tables, which presents essential data at the plant association level.
Plant Life: The Entangled Politics of Afforestation
by Rosetta S. ElkinHow afforestation reveals the often-concealed politics between humans and plantsIn Plant Life, Rosetta S. Elkin explores the procedures of afforestation, the large-scale planting of trees in otherwise treeless environments, including grasslands, prairies, and drylands. Elkin reveals that planting a tree can either be one of the ultimate offerings to thriving on this planet, or one of the most extreme perversions of human agency over it. Using three supracontinental case studies—scientific forestry in the American prairies, colonial control in Africa&’s Sahelian grasslands, and Chinese efforts to control and administer territory—Elkin explores the political implications of plant life as a tool of environmentalism. By exposing the human tendency to fix or solve environmental matters by exploiting other organisms, this work exposes the relationship between human and plant life, revealing that afforestation is not an ecological act: rather, it is deliberately political and distressingly social. Plant Life ultimately reveals that afforestation cannot offset deforestation, an important distinction that sheds light on current environmental trends that suggest we can plant our way out of climate change. By radicalizing what conservation protects and by framing plants in their total aliveness, Elkin shows that there are many kinds of life—not just our own—to consider when advancing environmental policy.