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Scent and Chemistry: The Molecular World of Odors
by Günther Ohloff Wilhelm Pickenhagen Philip Kraft Fanny GrauScent and Chemistry Odor impressions have cast a spell over mankind since the dim and distant past. But even today, we are –consciously or subconsciously– guided by our sense of smell and the chemistry behind it. The prominent fragrance chemists Günther Ohloff, Wilhelm Pickenhagen and Philip Kraft convey the scientist, the perfumer, and the interested layman with a vivid and up-to-date picture of the chemistry of odorants and the research in odor perception. In this second thoroughly revised and updated edition they are joined by creative perfumer Fanny Grau, a rising master in this métier, who complements the scientific treatise by a concise introduction to the art of perfumery and its composition techniques. Besides this new chapter on the creative aspects of perfumery, the book details on the molecular basis of olfaction, olfactory characterization of perfumery materials, structure–odor relationships, the chemical synthesis of odorants, and the chemistry of essential oils and odorants from the animal kingdom, backed up by many perfume examples and historical aspects. It will serve as a thorough introductory text for everyone interested in the molecular world of odors.
Scent: A Natural History of Fragrance
by Elise Vernon PearlstineA fascinating exploration of the natural history of scent and human perceptions of fragrance from the viewpoint of plant and pollinator &“An evocative journey that awakens one&’s curiosity to an oft-forgotten sense.&”—Dana Dunham, Scientific American Plants have long harnessed the chemical characteristics of aromatic compounds to shape the world around them. Frankincense resin from the genus Boswellia seals injured tissues and protects trees from invading pathogens. Jasmine produces a molecule called linalool that attracts pollinating moths with its flowery scent. Tobacco uses a similarly sweet-smelling compound called benzyl acetone to attract pollinators. Only recently in the evolutionary history of plants, however, have humans learned to co-opt their fragrances to seduce, heal, protect, and alter moods themselves. In this wide-ranging and accessible new book, biologist-turned-perfumer Elise Vernon Pearlstine turns our human-centered perception of fragrance on its head and investigates plants' evolutionary reasons for creating aromatic molecules. Delving into themes of spirituality, wealth, power, addiction, royalty, fantasy, and more, Pearlstine uncovers the natural history of aromatic substances and their intersection with human culture and civilization.
Scented rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars of India: A Perspective on Quality and Diversity
by Altafhusain Nadaf Sarika Mathure Narendra JawaliThis book represents an original research contribution in the area of aroma volatile biochemistry and the molecular analysis of basmati and non-basmati rice cultivars of India. It demonstrates the utility of headspace-solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) coupled with the gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method, an approach that can help to understand not only the different volatiles contributing to pleasant aroma but also the volatile profile that generates the characteristic cultivar-specific aroma. In addition, the book provides detailed information on diversity, grain morphology, physico-chemical and cooking quality assessment, genetic diversity assessment and marker validation for important quality parameters. As such, it offers a valuable ready reference for agriculture scientists, biochemists, researchers and students involved in quality parameters of rice at the regional and global level.
Scentwork for Horses
by Rachaël DraaismaScentwork for Horses is the first practical guide on how to implement scentwork into the lives of domesticated horses, enhancing behaviour, welfare, and the human-animal bond. Scentwork is a new discipline in the field for horse and handler, and expert author Rachaël Draaisma arms the reader with a pallet of information to enable them to put this technique into action. As well as theoretical background information on the nose of the horse and biomechanics, Draaisma discusses how scentwork improves horses’ learning abilities, development, socialisation, and their bond with the handler. Readers will learn how to have their horses explore their environment, participate in scentwork games and follow a footstep track to find a missing person or food bag. Easily accessible for anybody working with horses at any level, scentwork can be done in small areas as well as in larger spaces on various surfaces. Whether veterinarian, behaviourist, trainer, animal-assisted therapist, equine physiotherapist, osteopath, or interested horse owner, this book promises to bring both you and the horse enormous benefits, strengthening the human-animal bond. Rachaël Draaisma has always lived with and had a passion for dogs and horses. In 2002, she decided to make it her profession. Achieving several diplomas, she started to work full time as a trainer and behavioural consultant, first with dogs, later with horses. Her best-selling book Language Signs and Calming Signals of Horses, published by CRC Press in 2017, has been translated into several languages. Another pillar of Draaisma’s working life with horses revolves around equine mental stimulation and scentwork, and she has developed an extensive method to undertake scent tracking with horses, a new tool in enriching the human-equine relationship. Draaisma travels throughout Europe and the globe to provide workshops and lectures on calming signals of horses, equine mental stimulation, and scentwork. You can purchase scent bags to aid your scentwork practice at the author's personal website: www.scentworkforhorses.com or www.calmingsignalsofhorses.com
Schallabsorber (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael Möser Gerhard MüllerDieser Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik beschreibt die bekannten passiv, reaktiv und aktiv Luftschall dämpfenden Materialien und Bauteile mit ihren unterschiedlichen Wirkungsmechanismen und Ausformungen. Außerdem wird die Vielfalt heute verfügbarer Möglichkeiten für den Schallschutz an lauten Geräten und Anlagen durch Verhinderung von Reflexionen von Wänden sowie Absorption in Kanälen, Kapselungen und Abschirmungen behandelt. Leser erfahren, wie man durch geeignete Schallabsorber in kommunikativ genutzten Räumen die Akustik hinsichtlich der Deutlichkeit von Sprache sowie der Klarheit von Musik optimieren kann.
Schallabsorber und Schalldämpfer
by Helmut V. FuchsSchallabsorber müssen heute akustischen und bautechnischen Anforderungen genügen, die faserige/poröse Materialien allein nicht mehr erfüllen können. In dem Buch wird zunächst ein umfassender Überblick über verfügbare Materialien und Bauteile für den Schallschutz gegeben. Darauf aufbauend zeigt der Autor ihren Einsatz und Nutzen in den Bereichen Raum-Akustik, Freifeld-Prüfstände und Kanal-Auskleidungen. Auf der Grundlage neuer Erkenntnisse zum Einfluss der Nachhallzeit wurde für die Neuauflage das Kapitel Raumakustik überarbeitet und erweitert.
Schalldämpfer (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael Möser Gerhard MüllerDieser Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik behandelt die Anwendungsbereiche, Bauformen und Wirkprinzipien von Industrieschalldämpfern. Im Mittelpunkt stehen Absorptionsschalldämpfer, Resonatorschalldämpfer (Typ λ/4, Helmholtz), Drosselschalldämpfer und Ausblaseschalldämpfer. Berechnungsverfahren zur Dämpfung, zum Strömungsrauschen und zu den Druckverlusten werden angegeben. Dabei werden insbesondere Absorptionsschalldämpfer vom Typ Kulissenschalldämpfer und Rohrschalldämpfer ohne und mit Kern betrachtet. Berechnete Dämpfungsspektren werden Mess- und Erfahrungswerten gegenübergestellt. Abschließend werden genormte Labor- und Feldmessverfahren an Schalldämpfern erläutert, wobei Messungen im Einsatzfall großer Industrieschalldämpfer besondere Beachtung finden.
Schallpegelmesstechnik und ihre Anwendung (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael MöserDieser Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik enthält neben den allgemeinen Definitionen der Mess-, Bewertungs- und Beurteilungsgrößen und der Beschreibung der Funktion und des Aufbaus von Schallpegelmessern eine umfangreiche Darstellung der Verfahren zur Erfassung und Beurteilung von Geräuschemissionen und -immissionen auf der Basis aktueller Regelwerke. Bezüglich der Emission geschieht dies für Geräte, Maschinen, Fahrzeuge und Anlagen, auf der Immissionsseite wird der Arbeitsplatz sowie der Umgang mit Gewerbe-, Industrie-, Bau- und Verkehrslärm betrachtet. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer umfangreichen Literaturzusammenstellung hinsichtlich der entsprechenden Regelwerke.
Schallwirkungen beim Menschen (Fachwissen Technische Akustik)
by Michael Möser Gerhard MüllerDieser Band der Reihe Fachwissen Technische Akustik behandelt die physiologischen Aspekte des Hörsystems sowie die akustische Wahrnehmung des Menschen. Die Autoren untersuchen die durch Lärm verursachten gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen. Abschließend werden nichtakustische Einflussgrößen (Moderatoren) erläutert.
Schatt Werkstoffwissenschaft
by Georg SchwedtDer Klassiker der Werkstoffwissenschaft in elfter Auflage – unverzichtbar für Studierende der Werkstoffwissenschaft/Materialwissenschaft und des Maschinenbaues Die moderne Werkstoffwissenschaft befasst sich mit der Darstellung und Erklärung der Eigenschaften von Werkstoffen wie Metallen, Keramiken und Polymeren auf Grundlage einer einheitlichen, naturwissenschaftlich geleiteten Betrachtungsweise. Damit geht dieses Wissensgebiet über die klassische Werkstoffkunde hinaus, die auf vorwiegend empirisch ermittelten Fakten ohne engen Verständniszusammenhang basiert. Die stark interdisziplinär geprägte Werkstoffwissenschaft bedient sich dabei der Erkenntnisse und Methoden der Festkörperphysik und -chemie, der Kristallographie und des Ingenieurwesens und ist als Kernfach in material- und ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen an Universitäten und Hochschulen verankert. Ausgehend von den idealen und realen Strukturen von Metallen, Keramiken und Polymeren liefert dieses Standardlehrbuch eine Einführung in die grundlegenden Herstelltechniken von Werkstoffen, Phasenbildung und -umwandlung und die für praktische Anwendungen so wichtigen Zustandsdiagramme sowie die Entstehung und der Untersuchung des Gefüges von Werkstoffen mit qualitativen und quantitativen Charakterisierungsmethoden. Die folgenden Kapitel widmen sich der Beschreibung und Erklärung von thermisch aktivierten Vorgängen wie Diffusion, der Korrosion, den mechanischen Eigenschaften wie Plastizität und Bruch sowie den physikalischen Eigenschaften wie elektrische und thermische Leitfähigkeit, Supraleitung und der Wechselwirkung von Strahlung und Festkörpern. Die 11. Auflage ergänzt die mechanischen Erscheinungen durch Ausführungen, mit deren Hilfe eine konsistente Einordnung der werkstoffwissenschaftlichen Betrachtungen in den Kontext der Technischen Mechanik möglich wird, und behandelt neu ausführlich die Werkstoffe Biopolymere im Speziellen und Biomaterialien im Allgemeinen. Die Herstelltechniken wurden ergänzt durch neue Abschnitte zur modernen additiven Fertigung.
Schiff Base Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Applications
by Pranjit Barman Anmol SinghSchiff Base Metal Complexes Schiff bases are compounds created from a condensed amino compounds, which frequently form complexes with metal ions. They have diverse applications in biology, catalysis, material science and industry. Understanding these compounds, their properties, and the available methods for synthesizing them is a key to unlocking industrial innovation. Schiff Base Metal Complexes provides a comprehensive overview of these compounds. It introduces the compounds and their properties before discussing their various synthesizing methods. A survey of existing and potential applications gives a complete picture and makes this a crucial guide for researchers and industry professionals looking to work with Schiff base complexes. Schiff Base Metal Complexes readers will also find: A systematic and organized structure designed to make information instantly accessible Detailed coverage of thermal synthesis, photochemical synthesis, and more Challenges with different methods described in order to help readers make the correct choice for their own work Schiff Base Metal Complexes is a useful reference for organic chemists, materials scientists, and researchers or industry professionals working with organometallics.
Schistosoma mansoni: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2151)
by David J. TimsonThis volume details protocols for studying Schistosoma mansoni. Chapters guide readers through reviews on current drugs and drug discovery, methods to interrogate the cell biology of the worm, protocols to look at proteome level changes, prepare and work with specific proteins from S. mansoni, describes a drug screening, and how to test potential vaccine targets. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Schistosoma mansoni: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Schistosoma: Biology, Pathology and Control
by Barrie Gm JamiesonApart from malaria, schistosomiasis is the most prevalent parasitic infection in the world. It affects more than 200 million people in 76 tropical and subtropical countries, causing great suffering and resulting in thousands of deaths. Written by world authorities, this book examines many aspects of the biology, pathology, and control of the schistosoma parasite. Ranging in topic from infection in Pharaonic Egypt, through DNA relationships and biological systems, to advances in development of vaccines against the parasite, this book is a comprehensive text written for researchers and medical professionals alike.
Schistosomes and Schistosomiasis in South Asia
by Prof. Mahesh AgrawalAccording to the author, the book addresses to all the scientists and not only to immunologists or biologists of European countries who are engaged in developing a vaccine, or a diagnostic kit or a new drug against the infection or on schistosome evolution. Even these scientists have to visit endemic countries for field trials or ask their counterparts to collect field data (which this book addresses ). Thus this book is not on molecular fundamentals but on the infection itself; how schistosome species are responding to the drug ; sensitivity and specificity of immunodiagnostic kits, antigen molecules; snail compatibility, production losses; schistosome evolution; schistosome outbreaks; complexities where more than two schistosome species are existing; problem of human schistosomiasis in South Asia etc In fact , all the topics of great interest to international scientists and scientists of endemic countries.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #1721)
by Teresa L. SingletonThis volume presents various laboratory protocols, reviews, specific techniques and applications related to Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Methods and Protocols hopes to serve as an excellent resource for faculty researchers, undergraduate student researchers, graduate researchers, government, and the medical community.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2862)
by Ruben C. PetreacaThis detailed volume explores techniques utilizing the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a powerful tractable model system for eukaryotic biology. The book begins with a section on microscopy and imaging, and it continues with chapters covering genome and plasmid editing, including the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technologies, as well as the analysis of DNA damage, repair, and recombination, and more. The volume also includes chapters with a focus on computational methods specific to the approaches. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Methods and Protocols serves as the ideal guide for researchers in the fission yeast community working with emerging technologies.
Schleiereulen: Evolution und Ökologie
by Alexandre RoulinDie Schleiereulen sind mit ihrem herzförmigen Gesicht, dem gelbbraunen Rücken und Flügeln und der reinweißen Unterseite ein unverwechselbarer und beliebter Vogel. Sie haben im Laufe der Geschichte Menschen aus vielen Kulturen fasziniert. Alexandre Roulin schildert in diesem Buch, welche evolutionären Anpassungen diesen Vogel so erfolgreich gemacht haben und wie sich die zunehmenden menschlichen Störungen auf die Tiere auswirken. Er beschreibt Evolution, Ökologie und Verhalten der Schleiereule und ihrer Verwandten und bespricht Themen wie das hohe Reproduktionspotenzial, Physiologie, soziale und familiäre Interaktion, ausgeprägte Farbvariation und globale Verbreitung sowie Phylogenie. Der Text ist leicht zugänglich. Ein besonderes Highlight sind die künstlerischen Zeichnungen. Das Buch richtet sich sowohl an Forscher, Studierende der Ornithologie, Verhaltensbiologie, Ökologie, Naturschutz- und Evolutionsbiologie als auch an Hobby-Ornithologen und Naturliebhaber.
Schleiermacher’s Theology of Sin and Nature: Agency, Value, and Modern Theology (Routledge New Critical Thinking in Religion, Theology and Biblical Studies)
by Daniel J. PedersenFriedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834) is often considered the Father of Modern Theology, known for his attempt to reconcile traditional Christian doctrines with philosophical criticisms and scientific discoveries. Despite the influence of his work on significant figures like Karl Barth, he has been largely ignored by contemporary theologians. Focussing on Schleiermacher’s doctrine of sin, this book demonstrates how Schleiermacher has not only been misinterpreted, but also underestimated, and deserves a critical re-examination. The book approaches Schleiermacher on sin with respect to three themes: one, its power to transcend an intractable metaethical dilemma at the heart of modern debates over sin; two, its intended compatibility with natural science; and three, to re-evaluating its place, and so Schleiermacher’s place, in the history of theology. It solves and dissolves problems arising simultaneously from natural science, confessional theology, ethics, and metaphysics in a single, integrated account using Schleiermacher’s understudied thought from his dogmatics The Christian Faith. In contrast to the account sometimes given of modern theology as marked by a break with "Greek metaphysics," Schleiermacher’s account is shown to stand in stark contrast by retrieving, not excising, ancient thought in service of an account of sin adequate to natural science. This is a vital rediscovery of a foundational voice in theology. As such, it will greatly appeal to scholars of Modern Theology, theological ethics, and the history of Modern Christianity.
Schlieren and Shadowgraph Methods in Heat and Mass Transfer
by Krishnamurthy Muralidhar Pradipta Kumar PanigrahiSchlieren and Shadowgraph Methods in Heat and Mass Transfer lays out the fundamentals of refractive index based imaging techniques, optical configurations, image analysis, and three dimensional reconstructions. The present monograph aims at temperature and concentration measurements in transparent media using ray bending effects in a variable refractive index field. Data analysis procedure for three-dimensional reconstruction of temperature and concentration field using images at different view angles is presented. Test cases illustrating the validation of the quantitative analysis procedure are presented.
Schmidtea Mediterranea: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology #2680)
by Luca GentileThis detailed volume examines fine-tuned methodologies using the planarian species, Schmidtea mediterranea. The book features experimental protocols covering topics from in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, cell dissociation and flow cytometry, to pipelines for the analysis of large datasets, as in genomics and transcriptomics. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step and readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Schmidtea mediterranea: Methods and Protocols provides both experts in the field and newcomers with the best possible toolbox for their everyday lab work utilizing this valuable model.
Schnellmethoden der Lebensmittelsensorik (essentials)
by Eva Derndorfer Elisabeth Buchingeressentials liefern aktuelles Wissen in konzentrierter Form. Die Essenz dessen, worauf es als „State-of-the-Art“ in der gegenwärtigen Fachdiskussion oder in der Praxis ankommt. essentials informieren schnell, unkompliziert und verständlichals Einführung in ein aktuelles Thema aus Ihrem Fachgebietals Einstieg in ein für Sie noch unbekanntes Themenfeldals Einblick, um zum Thema mitreden zu könnenDie Bücher in elektronischer und gedruckter Form bringen das Expertenwissen von Springer-Fachautoren kompakt zur Darstellung. Sie sind besonders für die Nutzung als eBook auf Tablet-PCs, eBook-Readern und Smartphones geeignet. essentials: Wissensbausteine aus den Wirtschafts-, Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften, aus Technik und Naturwissenschaften sowie aus Medizin, Psychologie und Gesundheitsberufen. Von renommierten Autoren aller Springer-Verlagsmarken.
Schnellstart Python: Ein Einstieg ins Programmieren für MINT-Studierende (essentials)
by Christoph SchäferChristoph Schäfer stellt die großartige Welt der Programmierung mit Python vor und ermöglicht einen schnellen Einstieg zur eigenständigen Entwicklung von Skripten. Er verweist darauf, wie die Programmiersprache Python sich in den letzten Jahren neben MATLAB und R als Standard an naturwissenschaftlichen Arbeitsplätzen in Forschung und Entwicklung etabliert hat, und zeigt, dass die große Popularität von Python sich in der leichten Erweiterbarkeit begründet: So lassen sich sehr einfach Module von anderen Entwicklern in eigenen Skripten und Programmen verwenden. Der Autor stellt insbesondere die Module NumPy, SciPy und Matplotlib vor, die Naturwissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren eine perfekte Entwicklungsumgebung für Wissenschaftliches und Technisches Rechnen, für Anwendungen in der Physik, Chemie, Biologie und Informatik bieten. Auch in den neuesten Applikationen in den hochaktuellen Gebieten Big Data Science und Machine Learning kommt Python zum Einsatz.Der Autor: Dr. Christoph Schäfer lehrt und forscht in der Abteilung Computational Physics am Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik an der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.
Scholarly Virtues in Nineteenth-Century Sciences and Humanities: Loyalty and Independence Entangled
by Christiaan EngbertsReflecting a growing interest in the history of knowledge, this book explores the importance of scholarly virtues during the late nineteenth century. The practice of science is moulded on notions of scholarly values, such as diligence, impartiality, meticulousness and patience, but here, the author focuses on the virtues of collegial loyalty and critical independence. By analysing how virtues were reflected in day-to-day scholarly work, and examining the possibility that these virtues may have come into conflict with each other, this book sheds light on what is often described as ‘the moral economy of scholarship,’ a metaphor which draws attention to the changeability of the expectations raised by virtue. Highlighting the pre-eminence and exemplary nature of German scholarship during the nineteenth century, the author provides a detailed analysis of four evaluative practices used by scholars across the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences in a number of German universities.This allows a nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between collegial loyalty and critical independence in the academic working environment, and draws comparisons across varying disciplines. A welcome contribution to a growing field of research, this book provides a comparative and transdisciplinary overview of scholarly virtues and will be of interest to those researching the history of science and the humanities.
Scholars and Scholarship in Late Babylonian Uruk (Why the Sciences of the Ancient World Matter #2)
by Christine Proust John SteeleThis volume explores how scholars wrote, preserved, circulated, and read knowledge in ancient Mesopotamia. It offers an exercise in micro-history that provides a case study for attempting to understand the relationship between scholars and scholarship during this time of great innovation. The papers in this collection focus on tablets written in the city of Uruk in southern Babylonia. These archives come from two different scholarly contexts. One is a private residence inhabited during successive phases by two families of priests who were experts in ritual and medicine. The other is the most important temple in Uruk during the late Achemenid and Hellenistic periods. The contributors undertake detailed studies of this material to explore the scholarly practices of individuals, the connection between different scholarly genres, and the exchange of knowledge between scholars in the city and scholars in other parts of Babylonia and the Greek world. In addition, this collection examines the archives in which the texts were found and the scribes who owned or wrote them. It also considers the interconnections between different genres of knowledge and the range of activities of individual scribes. In doing so, it answers questions of interest not only for the study of Babylonian scholarship but also for the study of ancient Mesopotamian textual culture more generally, and for the study of traditions of written knowledge in the ancient world.
Scholastic Q & A: Why Don't Haircuts Hurt?
by Melvin Berger Gilda BergerProvides answers to a variety of questions about the human body, including "Why do you blush?" "Why do you need two ears?" "How strong is hair?" and "What are goose bumps?"