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Space Studies Board: Annual Report 2014
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesUnder the leadership of Jonathan Lunine and Mitch Daniels, the Committee on Human Spaceflight completed one of the most challenging studies undertaken by the Space Studies Board and the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board. In Pathways to Exploration: Rationales and Approaches for a U.S. Program of Human Exploration, a diverse committee of experts tackled not only the question, How should humans explore space?, but the even more challenging question, Why should humans explore space? <P> The committee identified a pair of enduring questions that motivate human spaceflight: How far from Earth can humans go? and What can humans discover and achieve when we get there? The committee then explored a range of rationales for human spaceflight ranging from the pragmatic (its economic, national security, scientific exploration, international relations, and technology impacts) to the aspirational—the notion that space is humanity’s future. While the committee did not identify a single rationale as the primary justification for space exploration and could not quantify the economic benefit of space exploration, it did conclude that a mix of rationales motivates space exploration. <P><P> Along with an examination of public and stakeholder attitudes about human exploration, the report evaluated three different pathways to illustrate the trade-offs among affordability, schedule, developmental risk, and the frequency of missions for different sequences of intermediate destinations. The pathways, all of which culminate in landing on the surface of Mars, include some combination of missions to asteroids, the Moon, and martian moons.
Space Studies Board: Annual Report 2009
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesThe Space Studies Board (SSB) was established in 1958 to serve as the focus of the interests and responsibilities in space research for the National Academies. The SSB provides an independent, authoritative forum for information and advice on all aspects of space science and applications, and it serves as the focal point within the National Academies for activities on space research. It oversees advisory studies and program assessments, facilitates international research coordination, and promotes communications on space science and science policy between the research community, the federal government, and the interested public. The SSB also serves as the U.S. National Committee for the International Council for Science Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). The present volume reviews the organization, activities, and reports of the SSB for the year 2009.
Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013
by Space Studies BoardThe original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, 3 months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, Charles F. Kennel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Research Council units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.
Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013
by Space Studies BoardThe original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, 3 months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, Charles F. Kennel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Research Council units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.
Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013
by Space Studies BoardThe original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, 3 months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, Charles F. Kennel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Research Council units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.
Space Supporting Africa: Volume 3: Security, Peace, and Development through Efficient Governance Supported by Space Applications (Studies in Space Policy #28)
by Annette Froehlich Nicolas Ringas James WilsonAfrica faces numerous challenges relating to good governance due to its vast and diverse landscape, as well as its history. This book explores the role of space-based applications in supporting African good governance by strengthening civil society, bolstering democratic processes and advancing socio-economic development. The increased use of such applications can accelerate Africa's progress towards the United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals, as well as the African Union's Agenda 2063 aspirations This book examines key challenges facing governance within African to provide an accurate account of the current African context. It discusses specific examples of e-governance and digital solutions that leverage space-based technologies and have been successfully implemented in both the developed and developing world. In the context of the numerous satellite constellations being deployed to provide affordable Internet connectivity globally, it examines the major actors in this sector and presents additional governance solutions based on remote sensing and Earth observation data. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to professionals and students in the fields of development, governance and space studies.
Space Supporting Africa: Volume 1: A Primary Needs Approach and Africa’s Emerging Space Middle Powers (Studies in Space Policy #20)
by Annette Froehlich André SiebritsIn this book the background and context of Africa’s political and socio-economic landscape is presented and unpacked through a primary needs approach which focuses on climate, biodiversity, health, water, education, and space-related capacity building. African theoretical contributions from the International Relations field are discussed, and Africa’s new Space Policy and Strategy, along with debates around the establishment of an African Space Agency, are explored. The African International Space Ecosystem is then analyzed, including its dimensions of intra-African space relations and initiatives, African participation in COPUOS, and international space activities, agreements, and initiatives in Africa. The final part is dedicated to the national space infrastructure and activities of African states.
Space Supporting Latin America: Latin America's Emerging Space Middle Powers (Studies in Space Policy #25)
by Annette Froehlich Diego Alonso Amante Soria Ewerton De MarchiThis book examines the background and context of Latin America's political and socioeconomic landscape with a focus on space activities. Firstly, it discusses Latin America's contribution to this sector from an international relations perspective, and explores the debates around the establishment of a Latin American Space Agency. It then highlights space-related capacity building, Latin America’s participation in UNCOPUOS, and international space activities, agreements, and initiatives in Latin America. The second part is devoted to the national space infrastructures and space activities of Latin American states. It analyzes various spacefaring countries in the context of their intra-regional space relations and initiatives as well as their bi-lateral cooperation programs. This timely book is of interest to scholars and professionals working in the space field, especially those in Latin America and other emerging countries.
Space Systems and Sustainability: From Asteroids and Solar Storms to Pandemics and Climate Change
by Joseph N. PeltonIn his latest book, space scientist, futurist, and educator Joseph N. Pelton explores adozen ways that Planet Earth is at “existential” risk, along with the many ways thatspace systems, data analytics, and advanced networking systems can help us copewith these global challenges.The chapters examine in a straightforward way how satellite systems and technol-ogy can drastically transform fields such as pandemic tracking and global medicalresponses, cosmic hazard monitoring, nuclear energy and waste disposal, water andland pollution, tele-education/telemedicine, and military conflict. Such examplesshow how orbiting smart systems will play an ever more vital role in our vulnerablemodern world, allowing us to monitor, track, and respond to mounting problems ofthe 21st century.Dr. Pelton takes a broad view, probing the social, economic, and regulatory factorsthat are crucial to creating a more sustainable “Spaceship Earth.” This book is a callto action, promoting more organized international collaboration and investment in space technologies that can enable global change.
Space Systems for Disaster Warning, Response, and Recovery
by Scott MadryThis SpringerBrief provides a general overview of the role of satellite applications for disaster mitigation, warning, planning, recovery and response. It covers both the overall role and perspective of the emergency management community as well as the various space applications that support their work. Key insights are provided as to how satellite telecommunications, remote sensing, navigation systems, GIS, and the emerging domain of social media are utilized in the context of emergency management needs and requirements. These systems are now critical in addressing major man-made and natural disasters. International policy and treaties are covered along with various case studies from around the world. These case studies indicate vital lessons that have been learned about how to use space systems more effectively in addressing the so-called "Disaster Cycle. " This book is appropriate for practicing emergency managers, Emergency Management (EM) courses, as well as for those involved in various space applications and developing new satellite technologies.
Space Taxi: Aliens on Earth (Space Taxi #6)
by Wendy Mass Michael BrawerArchie Morningstar fights crime across the universe alongside his dad and Pockets the talking cat. In his sixth adventure, the space taxi navigation system goes down, stranding all the alien passengers on Earth! Will the team be able to find hiding spots for these otherworldly creatures before they're discovered, or will this be the end of the operation for good? Get ready for another exciting intergalactic adventure.
Space Taxi: B.U.R.P. Strikes Back (Space Taxi #5)
by Wendy Mass Michael BrawerBook five in the intergalactic science-based chapter book series from New York Times bestselling author Wendy Mass and Michael Brawer! Archie Morningstar fights crime across the universe alongside his dad and Pockets the talking cat. In Archie's fifth adventure, Pockets is in a panic: all the tuna fish sandwiches on Akbar's Floating Rest Stop have been stolen! He thinks it's the fault of the irritating head of his alien fan club, but Archie suspects the mystery goes much deeper. Get ready for another thrilling and hilarious space adventure!
Space Taxi: Archie's Alien Disguise (Space Taxi #3)
by Wendy Mass Michael BrawerArchie Morningstar's dad drives a taxi through outer space! And with the help of a talking cat named Pockets, Archie and his dad help fight crime across the universe.In the third book in the series, Archie, his dad, and Pockets visit a planet that resembles medieval Earth in every way but its inhabitants, who have rainbow colored hair and extra eyes. To beat the evil organization B.U.R.P., the trio must disguise themselves as aliens and rescue a princess! When Archie must act on his own, can he find the courage to save the day?
Space Taxi: The Galactic B.U.R.P. (Space Taxi #4)
by Wendy Mass Michael BrawerArchie Morningstar's dad drives a taxi through outer space! And with the help of a talking cat named Pockets, Archie and his dad help fight crime across the universe.In this fourth book in the series, Archie is taken to the criminal organization B.U.R.P.'s mothership where he must outsmart evil masterminds!
Space Taxi: Water Planet Rescue (Space Taxi #2)
by Wendy Mass Michael BrawerArchie Morningstar's dad drives a taxi through outer space! And with the help of a talking cat named Pockets, Archie and his dad help fight crime across the universe.In the second book in this series, Archie, his dad, and Pockets fly to a planet in peril: someone is stealing the water from this underwater world! Can Archie and Pockets save the day?
Space Taxi: Archie Takes Flight (Space Taxi #1)
by Wendy Mass Michael Brawer Elise GravelArchie Morningstar learns a big family secret and helps save the universe. All before breakfast!It's not every day a regular kid like Archie gets to wake up at midnight. But today is Take Your Kid to Work Day, and Archie is finally allowed to ride along in his dad's taxi cab. He has been waiting eight years, eight months, and eight days for this moment to arrive.But he's about to discover his dad is no ordinary cab driver...In fact, he drives an intergalactic space taxi! All night long, he shuttles aliens from one corner of the universe to another. And being a space taxi copilot is no easy task: Archie must steer them into wormholes, keep them from crashing into planets, deal with a very unusual cat...and save the universe from an evil mastermind!Space Taxi marks the debut of a brand new chapter book series from New York Times bestselling author Wendy Mass and teacher Michael Brawer, filled with humor, adventure, and plenty of science to impress your friends and teachers!
Space Technology: A Short Introduction
by Ignacio ChechileThis engaging and accessible book is designed as a quick and easy way to get up to speed on all things in space technology. It also offers extensive references and links that allow readers to delve deeper into the subject.Whether you were a newcomer to space technology or a seasoned professional, this book is the best way to brush up on the basics of everything from satellite design and construction to the physics behind objects orbiting celestial bodies.Written in an accessible tone that is easy to understand, this book is perfect for reading during a short flight or any other spare moment you might have. You can learn about the main laws of Physics behind objects in orbit, the environments that satellites face while in space, and the processes involved in designing and building these incredible machines. Along the way, you can also get a glimpse into the history of space technology, including the foundational technologies that have made it all possible. So why not join the community of space enthusiasts and get up to speed on everything you need to know about space technology?
Space Technology Export Controls and International Cooperation in Outer Space
by Michael MineiroExport controls definitively impact international cooperation in outer space. Civil and commercial space actors that engage in international endeavors must comply with space technology export controls. In the general discourse, members of the civil and commercial space community have an understanding of their domestic export control regime. However, a careful reading of the literature on space technology export controls reveals that certain questions relevant to international engagements have not been identified or answered. What is the legal-political origin of space technology export controls? How do they relate to the current international legal structure? What steps can be taken to evolve our current unilateral paradigm of space technology within the context of peaceful exploration and use of outer space? In this book, these and other relevant questions on space technology export controls are identified and assessed through an insightful case-study of the U.S. commercial communication export control regime. The findings of this case-study are used in an international legal-political analysis of international space law, public international law, and international cooperation. Breaking new ground in international legal theory, a self-justified security dilemma that is manifest in international law is identified and explained as the origin for the current paradigm of space technology export controls.
Space Telescopes
by Neil EnglishSpace telescopes are among humankind's greatest scientific achievements of the last fifty years. This book describes the instruments themselves and what they were designed to discover about the Solar System and distant stars. Exactly how these telescopes were built and launched and the data they provided analyzed is explored. Only certain kinds of radiation can penetrate our planet's atmosphere, which limits what we can observe. But with space telescopes all this changed. We now have the means to "see" ultraviolet, microwave, and infrared rays, X-rays and gamma rays beyond Earth. In this book we meet the pioneers and the telescopes that were built around their ideas. This book looks at space telescopes not simply chronologically but also in order of the electromagnetic spectrum. This makes it possible to understand better why they were made, and just what it was that justified the huge investments in the technology.
Space Terahertz Remote Sensing Technology (Space Science, Technology and Application Series)
by Weidong Hu Yuming Bai Xin LvThis book examines terahertz technology and its applications in atmospheric remote sensing.Terahertz waves are electromagnetic radiation between microwaves and infrared radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. They have the capability of greater directivity, higher power density, higher resolution imaging, richer fingerprint spectrum, wider bandwidth and faster transmission rate. Such properties promise great potential for terahertz technology applications in many fields, particularly in the detection of substances and the exploration of space. The book begins with an introduction to the development of space terahertz remote sensing and the underlying theories. The next seven chapters cover the key equipment and critical technologies for terahertz remote sensing, including the terahertz radiometer and its calibration and receiver link; the terahertz reflector antenna and its tolerance analysis; remote sensing imagery; and space resolution enhancement of both oversampled and non-oversampled data. The final chapter presents the application of terahertz imaging technology in the field of security inspection.This title will serve as a valuable reference for academics, students and engineers in the fields of terahertz technology, space science and remote sensing. Professionals in atmospheric remote sensing and inspection imaging will also benefit from this book.
Space-time: An Introduction to Einstein's Theory of Gravity
by Jonathan AlldayThis book, suitable for interested post-16 school pupils or undergraduates looking for a supplement to their course text, develops our modern view of space-time and its implications in the theories of gravity and cosmology. While aspects of this topic are inevitably abstract, the book seeks to ground thinking in observational and experimental evidence where possible. In addition, some of Einstein’s philosophical thoughts are explored and contrasted with our modern views. Written in an accessible yet rigorous style, Jonathan Allday, a highly accomplished writer, brings his trademark clarity and engagement to these fascinating subjects, which underpin so much of modern physics. Features: Restricted use of advanced mathematics, making the book suitable for post-16 students and undergraduates Contains discussions of key modern developments in quantum gravity, and the latest developments in the field, including results from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) Accompanied by appendices on the CRC Press website featuring detailed mathematical arguments for key derivations
Space, Time, and Aliens: Collected Works on Cosmos and Culture
by Steven J. DickIn this comprehensive and interdisciplinary volume, former NASA Chief Historian Steven Dick reflects on the exploration of space, astrobiology and its implications, cosmic evolution, astronomical institutions, discovering and classifying the cosmos, and the philosophy of astronomy. The unifying theme of the book is the connection between cosmos and culture, or what Carl Sagan many years ago called the “cosmic connection.”As both an astronomer and historian of science, Dr. Dick has been both a witness to and a participant in many of the astronomical events of the last half century. This collection of papers presents his reflections over the last forty years in a way accessible to historians, philosophers, and scientists alike. From the search for alien life to ongoing space exploration efforts, readers will find this volume full of engaging topics relevant to science, society, and our collective future on planet Earth and beyond.
Space, Time, and Spacetime
by Vesselin PetkovThis volume is dedicated to the centennial anniversary of Minkowski's discovery of spacetime. It contains selected papers by physicists and philosophers on the Nature and Ontology of Spacetime. The first six papers, comprising Part I of the book, provide examples of the impact of Minkowski's spacetime representation of special relativity on the twentieth century physics. Part II also contains six papers which deal with implications of Minkowski's ideas for the philosophy of space and time. The last part is represented by two papers which explore the influence of Minkowski's ideas beyond the philosophy of space and time.
Space, Time and the Limits of Human Understanding
by Shyam Wuppuluri Giancarlo GhirardiIn this compendium of essays, some of the world's leading thinkers discuss their conceptions of space and time, as viewed through the lens of their own discipline. With an epilogue on the limits of human understanding, this volume hosts contributions from six or more diverse fields. It presumes only rudimentary background knowledge on the part of the reader. Time and again, through the prism of intellect, humans have tried to diffract reality into various distinct, yet seamless, atomic, yet holistic, independent, yet interrelated disciplines and have attempted to study it contextually. Philosophers debate the paradoxes, or engage in meditations, dialogues and reflections on the content and nature of space and time. Physicists, too, have been trying to mold space and time to fit their notions concerning micro- and macro-worlds. Mathematicians focus on the abstract aspects of space, time and measurement. While cognitive scientists ponder over the perceptual and experiential facets of our consciousness of space and time, computer scientists theoretically and practically try to optimize the space-time complexities in storing and retrieving data/information. The list is never-ending. Linguists, logicians, artists, evolutionary biologists, geographers etc. , all are trying to weave a web of understanding around the same duo. However, our endeavour into a world of such endless imagination is restrained by intellectual dilemmas such as: Can humans comprehend everything? Are there any limits? Can finite thought fathom infinity? We have sought far and wide among the best minds to furnish articles that provide an overview of the above topics. We hope that, through this journey, a symphony of patterns and tapestry of intuitions will emerge, providing the reader with insights into the questions: What is Space? What is Time? Chapter [15] of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4. 0 license.
Space-Time Foliation in Quantum Gravity
by Yuki SatoIn this thesis, the author considers quantum gravity to investigate the mysterious origin of our universe and its mechanisms. He and his collaborators have greatly improved the analyticity of two models: causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) and n-DBI gravity, with the space-time foliation which is one common factor shared by these two separate models. In the first part, the analytic method of coupling matters to CDT in 2-dimensional toy models is proposed to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the universe and to remove ambiguities remaining in CDT. As a result, the wave function of the 2-dimensional universe where matters are coupled is derived. The behavior of the wave function reveals that the Hausdorff dimension can be changed when the matter is non-unitary. In the second part, the n-DBI gravity model is considered. The author mainly investigates two effects driven by the space-time foliation: the appearance of a new conserved charge in black holes and an extra scalar mode of the graviton. The former implies a breakdown of the black-hole uniqueness theorem while the latter does not show any pathological behavior.