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Seismic Isolation, Structural Health Monitoring, and Performance Based Seismic Design in Earthquake Engineering: Recent Developments
by Carlos E. Ventura Farzad Naeim Azer A. Kasimzade Erdal Şafak Yoichi MukaiThis book features chapters based on selected presentations from the International Congress on Advanced Earthquake Resistance of Structures, AERS2016, held in Samsun, Turkey, from 24 to 28 October 2016.It covers the latest advances in three widely popular research areas in Earthquake Engineering: Performance-Based Seismic Design, Seismic Isolation Systems, and Structural Health Monitoring.The book shows the vulnerability of high-rise and seismically isolated buildings to long periods of strong ground motions, and proposes new passive and semi-active structural seismic isolation systems to protect against such effects. These systems are validated through real-time hybrid tests on shaking tables.Structural health monitoring systems provide rapid assessment of structural safety after an earthquake and allow preventive measures to be taken, such as shutting down the elevators and gas lines, before damage occurs. Using the vibration data from instrumented tall buildings, the book demonstrates that large, distant earthquakes and surface waves, which are not accounted for in most attenuation equations, can cause long-duration shaking and damage in tall buildings.The overview of the current performance-based design methodologies includes discussions on the design of tall buildings and the reasons common prescriptive code provisions are not sufficient to address the requirements of tall-building design. In addition, the book explains the modelling and acceptance criteria associated with various performance-based design guidelines, and discusses issues such as selection and scaling of ground motion records, soil-foundation-structure interaction, and seismic instrumentation and peer review needs. The book is of interest to a wide range of professionals in earthquake engineering, including designers, researchers, and graduate students.
Seismic Loads
by Victor M. LyatkherEarthquakes are a way of life on Earth, and, whether you live in an area that is often affected by earthquakes or not, every building, every road, every bridge, and, in fact, almost everything constructed by humans in which we walk, sleep, live, sit, or visit, has to be constructed to withstand an earthquake, by following local, regional, or national codes, laws, and regulations. Further to this, the science and engineering behind these constructions go further than what is mandated by government as a part of their practice. All construction, and, in general, all life on Earth, has some risk of seismic impacts. A comprehensive description of any seismic action may be given only on a probabilistic basis and, in general, is very bulky and quite uncertain. However, for a variety of structures or systems that meet fairly simple models of behavior during earthquakes, a general description of the seismic action is not required, for prediction of the status of such facilities or systems may be sufficient to define one or more common parameters of seismic impact. Thus, it makes sense to search for optimal parameters of influence in which optimality is understood with the greatest ease with sufficient information. This book contains a description of several models of seismic effects and examples of implementation of these models at specific sites. Using this information, scientists and engineers can design structures that are stronger, safer, and longer-lasting. It is a must-have for any scientist, engineer, or student working in or researching seismic loads and constructions with a view toward withstanding seismic activity.
Seismic Risk Assessment and Retrofitting
by Alper Ilki Ercan Yuksel Faruk Karadogan Sumru PalaMany more people are coming to live in earthquake-prone areas, especially urban ones. Many such areas contain low-rise, low-cost housing, while little money is available to retrofit the buildings to avoid total collapse and thus potentially save lives. The lack of money, especially in developing countries, is exacerbated by difficulties with administration, implementation and public awareness. The future of modern earthquake engineering will come to be dominated by new kinds of measuring technologies, new materials developed especially for low-rise, low-cost buildings, simpler and thus lower cost options for retrofitting, cost cutting and raising public awareness. The book covers all the areas involved in this complex issue, from the prevention of total building collapse, through improvement techniques, to legal, financial, taxation and social issues. The contributors have all made valuable contributions in their own particular fields; all of them are or have been closely involved with the issues that can arise in seismic zones in any country. The recent research results published here offer invaluable pointers to practicing engineers and administrators, as well as other scientists whose work involves saving the lives and property of the many millions of people who live and work in hazardous buildings.
Seismic Structural Health Monitoring: From Theory to Successful Applications (Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering)
by Maria Pina Limongelli Mehmet ÇelebiThis book includes a collection of state-of-the-art contributions addressing both theoretical developments in, and successful applications of, seismic structural health monitoring (S2HM). Over the past few decades, Seismic SHM has expanded considerably, due to the growing demand among various stakeholders (owners, managers and engineering professionals) and researchers. The discipline has matured in the process, as can be seen by the number of S2HM systems currently installed worldwide. Furthermore, the responses recorded by S2HM systems hold great potential, both with regard to the management of emergency situations and to ordinary maintenance needs. The book’s 17 chapters, prepared by leading international experts, are divided into four major sections. The first comprises six chapters describing the specific requirements of S2HM systems for different types of civil structures and infrastructures (buildings, bridges, cultural heritage, dams, structures with base isolation devices) and for monitoring different phenomena (e.g. soil-structure interaction and excessive drift). The second section describes available methods and computational tools for data processing, while the third is dedicated to hardware and software tools for S2HM. In the book’s closing section, five chapters report on state-of-the-art applications of S2HM around the world.
Seismic Wave Propagation and Scattering in the Heterogeneous Earth: Second Edition
by Haruo Sato Michael C. Fehler Takuto MaedaSeismic waves - generated both by natural earthquakes and by man-made sources - have produced an enormous amount of information about the Earth's interior. In classical seismology, the Earth is modeled as a sequence of uniform horizontal layers (or spherical shells) having different elastic properties and one determines these properties from travel times and dispersion of seismic waves. The Earth, however, is not made of horizontally uniform layers, and classic seismic methods can take large-scale inhomogeneities into account. Smaller-scale irregularities, on the other hand, require other methods. Observations of continuous wave trains that follow classic direct S waves, known as coda waves, have shown that there are heterogeneities of random size scattered randomly throughout the layers of the classic seismic model. This book focuses on recent developments in the area of seismic wave propagation and scattering through the randomly heterogeneous structure of the Earth, with emphasis on the lithosphere. The presentation combines information from many sources to present a coherent introduction to the theory of scattering in acoustic and elastic materials and includes analyses of observations using the theoretical methods developed. The second edition especially includes new observational facts such as the spatial variation of medium inhomogeneities and the temporal change in scattering characteristics and recent theoretical developments in the envelope synthesis in random media for the last ten years. Mathematics is thoroughly rewritten for improving the readability. Written for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students of geophysics or planetary sciences, this book should also be of interest to civil engineers, seismologists, acoustical engineers, and others interested in wave propagation through inhomogeneous elastic media.
Seismic Waves in Soil Layers: Soil Behaviour During Recent Strong Earthquakes
by Olga V. PavlenkoThis book describes recent studies of soil behaviour in strong ground motion – one of the most important and problematic issues in engineering seismology. Destructive earthquakes worldwide show us the damage of structures located on soil foundations; therefore, reliable and adequate estimations of in situ soil behaviour during strong motion are needed. The effects of soil response proved to be more complicated and diverse than we thought previously. Additionally to well-known amplification of seismic waves in near-surface softer layers, resonant phenomena and nonlinearity of soil response, during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake, we observed soil hardening and generation of abnormally high accelerations. The author suggests a method for studying these effects in situ, to forecast soil behaviour in future earthquakes. The method is based on processing records of seismic vertical arrays, which are widely developed in the world and should help us in understanding soil response during earthquakes.The book is addressed to a wide range of seismologists, geotechnical earthquake engineers and physicists.
Seize the Daylight: The Curious and Contentious Story of Daylight Saving Time
by David PrerauBenjamin Franklin conceived of it. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle endorsed it. Winston Churchill campaigned for it. Kaiser Wilhelm first employed it. Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Roosevelt went to war with it, and more recently the United States fought an energy crisis with it. For several months every year, for better or worse, daylight savings time affects vast numbers of people throughout the world. And from Ben Franklin's era to today, its story has been an intriguing and sometimes bizarre amalgam of colorful personalities and serious technical issues, purported costs and perceived benefits, conflicts between interest groups and government policy makers. Daylight savings time impacts diverse and unexpected areas, including agricultural practices, street crime, the reporting of sports scores, traffic accidents, the inheritance rights of twins, and voter turnout.
Seized: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy as a Medical, Historical, and Artistic Phenomenon
by Eve LaplanteSeized is a narrative portrait of a common brain disorder that can alter personality, illuminating the mind-body problem and the limits of free will. An invaluable resource for anyone touched by epilepsy, Seized gives first-hand accounts of three ordinary patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), explaining what they suffer and how they cope. The book also tells the stories of creative luminaries diagnosed with or suspected of having TLE, including van Gogh, Dostoevsky, Lewis Carroll, Saint Paul, and Flaubert. The psychological implications of Seized are, according to Publishers Weekly, "staggering." Kirkus Reviews called the book "Fascinating . . . LaPlante's descriptions of the human brain are wonderfully concrete, her historical research is well presented, and her empathy for TLE's victims is clear." In this "fascinating account of medical research," Howard Gardner noted, "LaPlante shows how a brain scar may cause bizarre aggressive or sexual behavior--and works of profound creative imagination."
Seizing the Future: Dawn of the Macroindustrial Era
by Michael G. Zey"Marked by verve, vision, and a thorough familiarity with the field, this book buoys the spirit, challenges conventional thinking, and arms the reader as do few comparable works in futuristics. Engagingly written, and free of both jargon and pretentiousness, it sets a high standard for 21st century explorations."--Arthur B. Shostak, Drexel University
Sekret Machines: An official investigation of the UFO phenomenon
by Jacques Vallee Tom Delonge Peter LevendaAn exceptional examination from award-winning author and producer Tom DeLonge with renowned research author Peter Levenda, Sekret Machines: GODS will take you on an eye-opening journey that transcends speculation and is based on unprecedented access to officials at the highest levels of government, military and industrial agencies who have provided insights and assistance never before experienced by any researchers in this controversial field. GODS takes us beyond speculation to certain knowledge of what exactly lies at the heart of the most important Phenomenon ever to confront human understanding. This first volume introduces the reader to some of the critical issues that are foundational to an intelligent and enlightened grasp of the revelations that will follow in the next two volumes. There is another Force in the universe of our Reality, another context for comprehending what has been going on for millennia and especially in the last seventy years. Sekret Machines is the result of input from scientists, engineers, intelligence officers, and military officials -- a group we call the Advisors -- and transcends the speculation of journalists, historians and others whose conclusions are often either misinformed or only tease around the edges of the Sekret Machines. The reader will not discover wild theories or unfounded claims, but instead will confront a solid -- if often unsettling -- reality, one that demands the collaboration of all of us in every field of human endeavor if we are to understand it and manage its effects. If nothing else, readers will come to the conclusion that the Phenomenon is not what they think it is. It is, in fact, much more serious and potentially much more threatening than they can imagine. Sekret Machines: GODS is volume one of the companion investigation series to the bestselling thriller Sekret Machines: Chasing Shadows by DeLonge and NYTimes bestselling author AJ Hartley. The whole is truly greater than the sum of its parts. Read together, the thriller series and the investigation series show what cannot be revealed with one approach alone.
Sekundärer Feinstaub (essentials)
by Robert TrierweilerDieses essential enthält Informationen zu den physikochemischen Prozessen und Abläufen der Sekundärpartikelbildung und der Feinstaubentstehung. Photochemische Oxidation und heterogene Reaktionen in der Troposphäre und der Stratosphäre, Reaktionen von Ammonium und Schwefeldioxid in der Gegenwart von flüssigem Wasser und die katalytische Oxidation in Gegenwart von Schwermetallen werden beschrieben. Zudem wird ein Überblick über die Quellen von Feinstaub und Präkursoren gegeben.
Selbstbestimmung und Causal Agency-Theorie: Von der Forschung in die Praxis
by Karrie A. Shogren Sheida K. RaleyDieses Buch führt die Causal Agency-Theorie als Rahmen zur Definition von Selbstbestimmung ein und beschreibt deren Entwicklung sowie wesentliche Merkmale. Es fasst die Forschung zur Förderung und Verbesserung der Selbstbestimmung zusammen und untersucht die praktischen Implikationen im Kontext von Behinderung über den Lebensverlauf. Das Buch hebt auch zukünftige Richtungen für Theorie, Forschung und Praxis in den Bereichen positive Psychologie und Behinderung hervor. Wichtige Themenbereiche umfassen: Theoretische Grundlagen der Entwicklung von Selbstbestimmung sowie Forschungsergebnisse und praktische Implikationen über den Lebensverlauf. Fragen im Zusammenhang mit der Umsetzung evidenzbasierter Praktiken zur Förderung von Selbstbestimmung im Kontext von Behinderung. Mögliche Strategien zur Überwindung von Barrieren für Selbstbestimmung durch forschungsbasierte Praktiken. Zukünftige Richtungen zur weiteren Integration der Causal Agency-Theorie in Interventionen der positiven Psychologie sowie in Unterstützungsstrukturen bei besonderen Beeinträchtigungen. Selbstbestimmung und Causal Agency-Theorie ist eine unverzichtbare Ressource für Forscher, Professoren und Graduiertenstudenten sowie für Kliniker, Therapeuten und andere Fachleute in den Bereichen Entwicklungs- und positive Psychologie, Bildungsrichtlinien und -praxis, Sonderpädagogik, Sozialarbeit, Ergotherapie, Sprach- und Sprachtherapie, öffentliche Gesundheit und Gesundheitspolitik.
Selbstgefühl: Kann Selbstbewusstsein als Gefühl verstanden werden?
by Gerhard KreuchDiese Monographie bietet neue Einblicke in die Verbindung zwischen Selbstbewusstsein und Emotion. Sie konzentriert sich auf die Frage, was uns die grundlegenden "Gefühle des Seins" über uns selbst sagen. Die Ergebnisse bereichern die Philosophie der menschlichen Affektivität und tragen dazu bei, ein neues Licht auf einige dringende, aktuelle Probleme zu werfen. Der Autor versucht, das Selbstbewusstsein als ein affektives Phänomen zu verstehen, nämlich als Selbstgefühl. Er identifiziert es als ein präreflexives, präpropositionales, körperliches Gefühl, das unseren Möglichkeitsraum formt. Es ist die affektive Offenlegung der individuellen Existenz. Seine Darstellung überwindet die Schwierigkeiten des unendlichen Regresses und der bösartigen Zirkularität, mit denen reflexive (oder übergeordnete) Darstellungen des Selbstbewusstseins zu kämpfen haben. Gleichzeitig hilft sie, eine Brücke zwischen der grundlegenden Ebene des Selbstbewusstseins und der höheren Ebene der substanzielleren Gedanken über sich selbst zu schlagen. Der Titel befasst sich mit grundlegender Affektivität, Matthew Ratcliffes Theorie der existentiellen Gefühle, Merkmalen des Selbstgefühls sowie Angemessenheit und Unangemessenheit in der Selbstinterpretation. Außerdem werden die Beiträge der Heidelberger Schule des Selbstbewusstseins zu den aktuellen Debatten erörtert. Der Titel bietet Studenten und Forschern einen einzigartigen Einblick in so wichtige philosophische Fragen wie: Was ist Selbst-Bewusstsein? Wie können wir uns selbst erkennen? Er wird auch ein breiteres Publikum ansprechen, das sich für das Selbstbewusstsein und/oder die menschliche Affektivität interessiert, da er keine Kenntnis des Fachjargons voraussetzt.
Selbstmarketing für Bewerber: Wie Sie Ihr berufliches Profil schärfen und sich erfolgreich bewerben (essentials)
by Dunja ReuleinDieses Essential zeigt Ihnen, wie Sie sich nach dem Studium selbst positionieren und vermarkten, wie Sie auf dieser Basis eine Bewerbung souverän angehen und damit den Grundstein für Ihre weitere Karriere legen. Stärken-Schwächen-Profile und ausführliche Checklisten helfen Ihnen dabei, Ihre Qualifikationen und persönlichen Vorstellungen mit den Anforderungen des Arbeitsmarktes abzugleichen und Fallstricke im Bewerbungsprozess zu vermeiden. Ergänzend vermittelt die Autorin zahlreiche Tipps und Tricks, die Ihnen die oft beschwerliche Bewerbungsphase erleichtern.
Select Proceedings of the 8th Indian International Conference on Air Quality Management (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #582)
by S. M. Shiva Nagendra Praveen C. Ramamurthy Sotiris Vardoulakis Kraichat Tantrakarnapa Richard J. BallThis book presents select proceedings of the Indian International Conference on Air Quality Management (IICAQM) and examines the latest advancements in theories, technologies, and applications in the area of air quality management and health impacts. The topics covered include modelling, monitoring, and managing urban air quality and sustainably achieving clean air and healthy urban conditions. The book also discusses air pollution in urban areas involving multiple processes, such as the generation of pollutants and their release from a source, their transport and transformation, removal from the atmosphere and their effects on human health, visibility, materials, and ecosystems. The book is a valuable reference for researchers and professionals interested in air quality management and allied fields.
Select Science 6
by Lisa Duvall Alan Cromer Cynthia Martinez-Bagwill Haydn A. "Chip" FoxScience textbook
Select Science 8
by Lisa Duvall Alan Cromer Cynthia Martinez-Bagwill Haydn A. "Chip" FoxWelcome to eighth grade science! Throughout this year you will be solving problems dealing with interactions among systems. These systems include those found in the universe, on Earth, and in the human body. There are many pieces of equipment and types of mathematical calculations you will need to use to help solve these problems.
Select Topics in Signal Analysis
by Harish ParthasarathyThis book developed from a course given by the author to undergraduate and postgraduate students. It takes up Matrix Theory, Antenna Theory, and Probability Theory in detail. The first chapter on matrix theory discusses in reasonable depth the theory of Lie Algebras leading upto Cartan’s Classification Theory. It also discusses some basic elements of Functional Analysis and Operator Theory in infinite dimensional Banach and Hilbert spaces. The second chapter discusses Basic Probability Theory and the topics discussed find applications to Stochastic Filtering Theory for differential equations driven by white Gaussian noise. The third chapter is on Antenna Theory with a focus on Modern Quantum Antenna Theory. The book will be a valuable resource to students and early career researchers in the field of Mathametical Physics.
Selected Applications of Modern FT-IR Techniques
by NishikidaThis volume is intended to show beginners in modern Fourier Transform-Infrared analysis which technique of infrared analysis should be selected and how to use it to obtain certain information from the most common samples brought into research and analytical laboratories in production industries.
Selected Articles from the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Applications: ICANA 2024; 10-12 July, Amaravati, India (Springer Proceedings in Physics #413)
by Yogendra Kumar Mishra Giribabu Lingamallu Tufan GhoshThis book comprises selected articles from the 2nd International Conference on Advanced Nanomaterials and Applications (ICANA 2024) held from 10 to 12 July at Amaravati in India. It presents recent developments in the fields of nanoscale sciences. The topics covered in this book include energy storage and conversion, bio- and healthcare materials, sensors and actuators, functional materials, optical materials, and computational and simulation methods. This book is useful for researchers and professionals working in the various fields of nano- and material science.
Selected Articles from the 8th International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering: ICACE 2024, 12-13 December, Penang, Malaysia (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #635)
by Mokhtar Awang Lin Yola Elham Maghsoudi Nia Mohamad Ferdaus Noor Aulady Marina TraykovaThis book highlights the latest research developments in civil engineering and architectural materials, reflecting the innovative works presented at the 8th International Conference on Architecture and Civil Engineering, and Technology (ICACE 2024) held on 12-13 December at Parkroyal Hotel Penang, Malaysia. It provides an opportunity to explore cutting-edge findings and advancements that are shaping the future of these fields. By bringing together experts and scholars from around the world, ICACE 2024 aims to promote collaboration and knowledge sharing, contributing to the ongoing evolution of architecture and civil engineering.
Selected Articles from the 8th International Conference on Materials Engineering and Nanotechnology, ICMEN 2024, 28-29 September, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Exploring the Frontiers of Materials and Nanotechnology (Springer Proceedings in Physics #421)
by Cong Wang Ching Yern CheeThis volume delves into recent innovative approaches and advancements in the dynamic fields of materials engineering and nanotechnology. It offers a comprehensive exploration of diverse topics, ranging from advanced materials synthesis and characterization to nanoscale science and engineering, functional composite materials, and sustainable technologies. Curated from the esteemed 8th International Conference on Material Engineering and Nanotechnology (ICMEN 2024) held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on September 28th-29th, 2024, this book presents peer reviewed articles authored by experts across various domains of materials engineering and nanotechnology. The significance of these proceedings lies in their profound impact on advancing the collective knowledge and understanding within the scientific community. By disseminating cutting-edge research findings and innovations, this publication serves as a catalyst for collaboration, idea generation, and the expansion of scientific horizons. With its broad scope and relevance, this book is indispensable for materials and nanotechnology engineers, scholars, and researchers across science, technology, and engineering disciplines.
Selected Articles from the International Conference on Sustainable Fashion and Technical Textiles: ICSFT-2024: 12 November, Jalandhar, India (Proceedings in Technology Transfer)
by Ashish Kapoor Payal Bansal Sudev Dutta C. C. Reddy Prabhuraj VenkatramanThis book includes peer reviewed articles from ICSFT-2024 held on 12 November at Jalandhar in India. It highlights the future of eco-friendly fashion and the development of advanced textile technologies and practices to reduce the environmental impact of fashion industry. It encompasses the creation and application of new materials, production processes, and design strategies that prioritize sustainability, resource efficiency, and reduced waste. It highlights the integration of eco-friendly practices in textile manufacturing, such as the use of biodegradable fibers, recycled materials, and sustainable dyeing techniques, aiming to transform the fashion industry into a more environmentally responsible sector while maintaining high performance and functionality in textiles. By highlighting successful case studies and emerging trends, the book provides a comprehensive overview of how sustainability is being integrated into the technical textiles sector. Perfect for professionals, researchers, and enthusiasts, this resource underscores the importance of sustainability in creating a more responsible and environmentally friendly fashion landscape.
Selected Articles from the Smart and Sustainable Industrial Ecosystem Conference 2024: SSIEC 2024, 5 August, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (Proceedings in Technology Transfer)
by Akhil Garg Christina Chin M. M. Novita Sakundarini Andrew SpowageThis book presents selected peer reviewed articles from the Smart and Sustainable Industrial Ecosystem Conference 2024 (SSIEC 2024), that took place on 5 August 2024in The Kuala Lumpur Teaching Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The collection catered for articles sharing new insights and research developments by academicians and industry experts on the theme that aligns with United Nations SGD 9 (build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation) and 11 (make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable). Topics covered include renewable energy systems, advanced sustainable materials technologies, energy-efficient process and mechanical systems, smart manufacturing, and green and sustainable manufacturing. The book will appeal to sustainable energy consultants, mechanical and manufacturing engineers.
Selected Articles of the 2nd International Conference on Spectroscopy in Materials Science: ICOSIMS-2024, 5-7 June, Portugal (Springer Proceedings in Physics #422)
by Suresh Kumar Jakka Pavani Krishnapuram Manuel Pedro Fernandes GraçaThis volume compiles selected articles from the 2nd International Conference on Spectroscopy in Materials Science (ICOSIMS-2024) held online on June 5-7 2024. It offers insights into recent developments in analytical techniques and spectroscopic methods vital to materials science. Hosted by the Department of Physics at the University of Aveiro, Portugal, the conference gathered experts across various fields to discuss innovative research and applications. The book covers topics such as light-matter interaction, materials characterization, and photon and phonon dynamics, featuring contributions from both established and emerging scholars. Spectroscopic techniques like infrared to ultraviolet-visible Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray crystallography and mass spectrometry are highlighted, addressing challenges in nanotechnology, biomedicine, and energy research. Emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration, the volume includes contributions from participants from 15 countries. Keynote speeches and invited talks stimulated valuable discussions and knowledge exchange, prompting readers to explore new questions and methodologies influencing the future of spectroscopy. Intended for researchers, educators, and professionals in physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering, this conference proceedings volume serves as a resource for those seeking to deepen their understanding and stay informed on recent advancements in spectroscopy and materials science.