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Spectroscopy in the Biomedical Sciences
by R.M. GendreauThe intent of this book � a collection of manuscripts - is to provide general descriptions of analytical techniques which we believe to be useful to the biological scientist, and to provide examples of the utility of each technique. The contributing authors were asked to focus on examples in which their particular technique has proven particularly useful in studies of biological systems. Many commonly used analytical techniques such as NMR and ESR are not included in this work, it is preferred to focus on techniques which perhaps have not received as much coverage as in the recent literature. All of the analytical tools covered in this volume have great utility, and the scientific community can expect to see increasing usage of most if not all of these techniques.
Spectroscopy of Complex Oxide Interfaces: Photoemission And Related Spectroscopies (Springer Series in Materials Science #266)
by Claudia Cancellieri Vladimir N. StrocovThis book summarizes the most recent and compelling experimental results for complex oxide interfaces. The results of this book were obtained with the cutting-edge photoemission technique at highest energy resolution. Due to their fascinating properties for new-generation electronic devices and the challenge of investigating buried regions, the book chiefly focuses on complex oxide interfaces. The crucial feature of exploring buried interfaces is the use of soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) operating on the energy range of a few hundred eV to increase the photoelectron mean free path, enabling the photons to penetrate through the top layers – in contrast to conventional ultraviolet (UV)-ARPES techniques. The results presented here, achieved by different research groups around the world, are summarized in a clearly structured way and discussed in comparison with other photoemission spectroscopy techniques and other oxide materials. They are complemented and supported by the most recent theoretical calculations as well as results of complementary experimental techniques including electron transport and inelastic resonant X-ray scattering.
Spectroscopy of High-Tc Superconductors: A Theoretical View
by N. M. PlakidaDespite ten years of intensive research, many questions remain unanswered concerning the nature of the electronic structure (Fermi vs non-Fermi liquid) and mechanisms of superconductivity. Spectroscopy of High-Tc Superconductors, A Theoretical View provides a current, comprehensive review of the experimental results and theoretical interpre
Spectroscopy of Pharmaceutical Solids
by Harry G. BrittainSelecting illustrative examples from the recent literature, this reference studies the underlying principles and physics of a wide range of spectroscopic techniques utilized in the pharmaceutical sciences and demonstrates various applications for each method analyzed in the text-showing how knowledge of the mechanisms of spectroscopic phenomena may
Spectroscopy of Semiconductors: Numerical Analysis Bridging Quantum Mechanics And Experiments (Springer Series in Optical Sciences #215)
by Ying Fu Wei LuThe science and technology related to semiconductors have received significant attention for applications in various fields including microelectronics, nanophotonics, and biotechnologies. Understanding of semiconductors has advanced to such a level that we are now able to design novel system complexes before we go for the proof-of-principle experimental demonstration.This book explains the experimental setups for optical spectral analysis of semiconductors and describes the experimental methods and the basic quantum mechanical principles underlying the fast-developing nanotechnology for semiconductors. Further, it uses numerous case studies with detailed theoretical discussions and calculations to demonstrate the data analysis. Covering structures ranging from bulk to the nanoscale, it examines applications in the semiconductor industry and biomedicine. Starting from the most basic physics of geometric optics, wave optics, quantum mechanics, solid-state physics, it provides a self-contained resource on the subject for university undergraduates. The book can be further used as a toolbox for researching and developing semiconductor nanotechnology based on spectroscopy.
Spectroscopy: Principles and Instrumentation
by Mark F. VithaProvides students and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the theory of spectroscopy and the design and use of spectrophotometers In this book, you will learn the fundamental principles underpinning molecular spectroscopy and the connections between those principles and the design of spectrophotometers. Spectroscopy, along with chromatography, mass spectrometry, and electrochemistry, is an important and widely-used analytical technique. Applications of spectroscopy include air quality monitoring, compound identification, and the analysis of paintings and culturally important artifacts. This book introduces students to the fundamentals of molecular spectroscopy – including UV-visible, infrared, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy – in an approachable and comprehensive way. It goes beyond the basics of the subject and provides a detailed look at the interplay between theory and practice, making it ideal for courses in quantitative analysis, instrumental analysis, and biochemistry, as well as courses focused solely on spectroscopy. It is also a valuable resource for practitioners working in laboratories who regularly perform spectroscopic analyses. Spectroscopy: Principles and Instrumentation: Provides extensive coverage of principles, instrumentation, and applications of molecular spectroscopy Facilitates a modular approach to teaching and learning about chemical instrumentation Helps students visualize the effects that electromagnetic radiation in different regions of the spectrum has on matter Connects the fundamental theory of the effects of electromagnetic radiation on matter to the design and use of spectrophotometers Features numerous figures and diagrams to facilitate learning Includes several worked examples and companion exercises throughout each chapter so that readers can check their understanding Offers numerous problems at the end of each chapter to allow readers to apply what they have learned Includes case studies that illustrate how spectroscopy is used in practice, including analyzing works of art, studying the kinetics of enzymatic reactions, detecting explosives, and determining the DNA sequence of the human genome Complements Chromatography: Principles and Instrumentation The book is divided into five chapters that cover the Fundamentals of Spectroscopy, UV-visible Spectroscopy, Fluorescence/Luminescence Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Raman Spectroscopy. Each chapter details the theory upon which the specific techniques are based, provides ways for readers to visualize the molecular-level effects of electromagnetic radiation on matter, describes the design and components of spectrophotometers, discusses applications of each type of spectroscopy, and includes case studies that illustrate specific applications of spectroscopy. Each chapter is divided into multiple sections using headings and subheadings, making it easy for readers to work through the book and to find specific information relevant to their interests. Numerous figures, exercises, worked examples, and end-of-chapter problems reinforce important concepts and facilitate learning. Spectroscopy: Principles and Instrumentation is an excellent text that prepares undergraduate students and practitioners to operate in modern laboratories.
Spectrum Trading in Multi-Hop Cognitive Radio Networks
by Ming Li Miao Pan Pan Li Yuguang FangThis SpringerBrief focuses on spectrum trading designs in multi-hop cognitive radio networks. It starts with the motivation for spectrum trading and the review of existing spectrum trading designs. Then, it presents a novel CRN architecture for spectrum trading considering spectrum trading's economic features and wireless nature. Under this network architecture, it extends current single-hop per-user based spectrum trading design into a multi-hop transmission opportunity based one, and further into a session based one, while having economic properties guaranteed. This SpringerBrief not only provides a good review of current spectrum trading designs, it also touches on the cutting-edge interdisciplinary spectrum trading research on disparate fields of modeling, network architecture design, optimization theories, statistics, and economic theories. Advanced-level students studying computer science, electrical and computer engineering and economics, wireless network planners, and wireless spectrum engineers will find this book a useful tool.
Spectrum of Sex: The Molecular Bases that Induce Various Sexual Phenotypes
by Minoru Tanaka Makoto TachibanaThis book introduces cutting-edge studies on the spectrum of sex. The sex spectrum can be understood as an interwoven mechanism sustaining graded phenotypes between the two sexes. The book overviews three elements that develop the sex spectrum: genetics, the endocrine system, and the environment. Part I discusses the genetic regulation during sex determination, which often results in a mixture of two sexes or sex reversal. The evolutionary aspects of the genetic determinants are also discussed. Part II presents the involvement of endocrine regulation in the sex spectrum, which covers a broad range of phenotypic events, including sexual behavior and metabolism. Interestingly, sex hormones can also act as sex determinants. Finally, Part III shows that intrinsic factors, such as sex-determining genes and sex hormones, are not the only factors in sex development. The environment surrounding organisms, such as symbiosis and metabolism, act on the sex as critical factors, generating the sex spectrum. Determination and development of the two sexes have been a topic of great interest and a long-standing issue in biology. The book updates the conventional view that biological sex is fixed after birth and sets new perspectives for understanding sex as a spectrum manifested in multiple phenomena. Each chapter contributed by leading experts explains the sex spectrum in various organisms and their underlying mechanisms from the latest ongoing studies. The book provides a valuable resource for not only experts in developmental biology, physiology, and medical science, but also non-scientists and anyone interested in the topic.
Speculate This!
by Uncertain CommonsA short, timely manifesto critiquing predatory modes of financial speculation that seek to minimize uncertainty and risk, while advocating speculative practices that embrace uncertainty, spur radical change, and enable alternative futures.
Speculative Taxidermy: Natural History, Animal Surfaces, and Art in the Anthropocene (Critical Life Studies)
by Giovanni AloiTaxidermy, once the province of natural history and dedicated to the pursuit of lifelike realism, has recently resurfaced in the world of contemporary art, culture, and interior design. In Speculative Taxidermy, Giovanni Aloi offers a comprehensive mapping of the discourses and practices that have enabled the emergence of taxidermy in contemporary art. Drawing on the speculative turn in philosophy and recovering past alternative histories of art and materiality from a biopolitical perspective, Aloi theorizes speculative taxidermy: a powerful interface that unlocks new ethical and political opportunities in human-animal relationships and speaks to how animal representation conveys the urgency of addressing climate change, capitalist exploitation, and mass extinction.A resolutely nonanthropocentric take on the materiality of one of the most controversial mediums in art, this approach relentlessly questions past and present ideas of human separation from the animal kingdom. It situates taxidermy as a powerful interface between humans and animals, rooted in a shared ontological and physical vulnerability. Carefully considering a select number of key examples including the work of Nandipha Mntambo, Maria Papadimitriou, Mark Dion, Berlinde De Bruyckere, Roni Horn, Oleg Kulik, Steve Bishop, Snæbjörnsdóttir/Wilson, and Cole Swanson, Speculative Taxidermy contextualizes the resilient presence of animal skin in the gallery space as a productive opportunity to rethink ethical and political stances in human-animal relationships.
Speech Acoustic Analysis
by Philippe MartinThe text sets out in simple and accessible terms the various methods of acoustic analysis of speech, placing them in their historical context, allowing a better understanding of the mathematical and technical solutions adopted today in phonetics and experimental phonology. Without mathematical complications, the operating bases of the many speech analysis software currently available are exposed so that everyone can understand the limits and avoid errors and misinterpretations in their implementation.
Speech and Language Impairments in Children: Causes, Characteristics, Intervention and Outcome
by Laurence B. Leonard Dorothy V.M. BishopDelayed development of speech and/or language is one of the commonest reasons for parents of preschool children to seek the advice of a paediatrician.Accessible to non-academic Speech and Language Impairments provides an overview of recent research developments in specific speech and language impairments, written by experts in the field. Topics include normal and disordered development of problems , crosslinguistic studies, pragmatic language impairments, early identification, educational and psychiatric outcomes, acquired epileptic aphasia and experimental studies of remediation. The book concludes with a chapter by Michael Rutter that gives guidelines for conducting and evaluating research in this field.
Speech and Voice: Their Evolution, Pathology and Therapy (Psychology Library Editions: Speech and Language Disorders)
by Leopold SteinOriginally published in 1942, this title was recognised as setting new standards in the scientific approach to speech problems. Much speech therapy in the past had been unsatisfactory because of its emphasis upon the purely mechanical aspects of the condition, while at the same time the purely psychological approach was not sufficient to lead to satisfactory and radical treatment either. In this title the author combines the two approaches and by setting out the basic pathology of the various conditions, he throws new light upon them. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.
Speed Bumps
by Smithsonian InstitutionSpeed Bumps is part of the Smithsonian Science Stories™ Literacy Series and has on-grade and below-grade leveled readers available to accommodate a range of readers in an elementary classroom. The line and dot graphic at the bottom of the front cover indicates the reading level. When the dot is at the top of the line, the reading level for the book is on-grade. When it is at the bottom, the book is below-grade. You can also find the official Lexile Scores for each reading in the Table of Contents. The books in this literacy series enhance and reinforce the science concepts taught in the Smithsonian Science for the Classroom™ curriculum units.
Speed Racer (The Most Dangerous Race #5)
by Chase WheelerDuring the Big Alpine Race, Speed Racer goes head-to-head against the amazing Car Acrobatic Team and the evil Capt. Terror. Both opponents plan on winning at all costs...
Speed and Power
by John Halliday Eric Peltz Aimee BowerUsing a case study based on the Army's new Stryker Brigade Combat Team, the authors explore how the Army might improve its ability to contribute to prompt, global power projection, that is, strategically responsive early-entry forces for time-critical events. The authors examine options to reach a dual goal: to initiate deployment of the right force capabilities, and then get those capabilities where they need to be as quickly as possible.
Speed of Sound and Critical Flow (Shock Wave and High Pressure Phenomena)
by Henry FoustThis book focuses on two related topics in fluid mechanics, that is, speed of sound through various media and critical flow associated with gas–liquid flows. The first part of the book explores the speed of sound in liquids, gases, and solids. For gas flows, both real gas behavior and two-phase flow are reviewed; a thorough review is given of cubic equations of state. For media of solid, transverse and longitudinal waves are discussed and related back to earlier work on acoustics and gas dynamics. The second part of the book focuses on critical flow. Beginning with ideal, perfect gases, it goes into van der Waals and other equations of state. A general discussion of gas–liquid flows is subsequently given with necessary nomenclature consistent with the work of Wallis, and lastly goes on to explore critical flow for two-phase and binary mixtures through Henry and Fauske's work and the Omega method by Leung.
Speediest!: 19 Very Fast Animals (Extreme Animals)
by Steve JenkinsCaldecott Honor winner Steve Jenkins is back with more Extreme Animals, perfect for young readers looking for accessible nonfiction chock full of incredible art. Speediest! will focus on the fastest members of the animal kingdom. Through illustrations, infographics, facts, and figures, readers will see how big each animal is compared to humans, where it lives on the globe, and just how quickly it can move! With his signature art style, Steve Jenkins' Extreme Animals reader series explores nature's truly superlative animals. These readers are fact-packed and span the globe, detailing the astounding abilities of every shape, size, and species. Each installment focuses on amazing and unusual animals, making these nonfiction readers accessible, informative, and fascinating.
Spellbound: Modern Science, Ancient Magic, and the Hidden Potential of the Unconscious Mind
by Daniel Z. LiebermanPsychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD, reveals how to join forces with your unconscious to make better decisions, find more meaning in everyday life, and develop a richer, more balanced way of living. The conscious mind, the part of your mental life you experience directly, is responsible for only a tiny sliver of what science says is going on inside your brain. Most of what you experience, your moods, and the things you like or dislike—most of who you are—comes from a much more mysterious part of your mind: the unconscious. And to really understand the influences of the unconscious, says psychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, coauthor of The Molecule of More, we need to look to something often considered science&’s alter ego: magic. Drawing on the work of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung, and with deep dives into what we can learn from ancient mystical traditions from alchemy to numerology to meditation, Spellbound weaves together ancient magical traditions, psychological research, and the latest neuroscientific discoveries, in order to bridge the gap between the conscious and unconscious mind. Like it or not, your unconscious is currently the source of most of your choices. It&’s the source of your passions, your energy, and your &“gut instinct.&” It can help you solve seemingly impossible problems with the gift of inspiration. But it&’s not always working in your favor: The unconscious is wild and untamed, often leading us down self-destructive paths that leave us baffled by our own decisions. Spellbound helps you take a new path: one where you learn how to recognize the influences of the unconscious, and make it an ally in helping you become the person you were meant to be. The human mind is perhaps the most mysterious thing in the universe. Science is only beginning to uncover its secrets, and some believe that we may never fully plumb its depths. But the ancient traditions of magic, traditions of understanding that have been built up over centuries, give us another window into the hidden facets of our humanity. After all, as the visionary Arthur C. Clarke once said, &“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.&”
Spent Nuclear Fuel and Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Systems (Green Energy and Technology)
by Vinod Kumar Verma Karel KatovskyThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuels, and discusses the applications of radiation, particularly spallation neutrons and gamma rays. The unspent nuclear fuel of a reactor amounts to roughly 95 per cent of the loaded fuel. It contains both fertile and fissile fuels, minor and higher actinides and radioactive fission products. In 2015, out of approximately 4 million metric tons of spent fuel, only 90,000 metric tons was reprocessed worldwide; the rest was either sent to repositories, kept for cooling down, or put on a waiting list for future reprocessing. With regard to the direct reutilization of spent nuclear fuel, the new technique of ‘Energy Amplifiers’ has attracted considerable attention among the nuclear energy community. Presenting extensive information on this technique, the book is divided into eight major sections: (i) spent nuclear fuel and alternative transmutation methods, (ii) general concept of accelerator-driven subcritical systems (ADSS), (iii) spallation neutron sources and the possibility of incineration, (iv) requirements for nuclear data, (v) transmutation of spent nuclear fuel and extension of the fuel cycle, (vi) spallation neutron production facilities, (vii) major experimental facilities for ADSS, and (viii) software tools for the design and modelling of ADSS. The book is ideally suited as a textbook for graduate students as well as a reference guide for researchers and practitioners.
Spent: Sex, Evolution, and Consumer Behavior
by Geoffrey MillerA leading evolutionary psychologist probes the unconscious instincts behind American consumer culture Illuminating the hidden reasons for why we buy what we do, Spent applies evolutionary psychology to the sensual wonderland of marketing and perceived status that is American consumer culture. Geoffrey Miller starts with the theory that we purchase things to advertise ourselves to others, and then examines other factors that dictate what we spend money on. With humor and insight, Miller analyzes an array of product choices and deciphers what our decisions say about ourselves, giving us access to a new way of understanding-and improving-our behaviors to become happier consumers. .
Sperm Chromatin
by Ashok Agarwal Armand ZiniSperm DNA damage is common and has been associated with reduced rates of conception, impaired embryonic development and increased risk of miscarriage. Although the exact causes of sperm DNA damage are unknown, it is clear that infertile men possess substantially higher levels of sperm DNA damage than do fertile men. Written by leading, internationally renowned clinicians and basic scientists with expertise in sperm DNA, Sperm Chromatin: Biological and Clinical Applications in Male Infertility and Assisted Reproduction provides readers with a thoughtful and comprehensive review of the biological and clinical significance of sperm DNA damage. The work covers the fundamental principles of sperm chromatin architecture and function, the proposed modes of DNA damage and repair, the tests of sperm DNA damage, the clinical aspects of DNA damage and the impact of DNA damage on reproductive outcome. Unlike any other title on the topic, Sperm Chromatin: Biological and Clinical Applications in Male Infertility and Assisted Reproduction is an invaluable addition to the literature and will serve as an indispensable resource for basic scientists with an interest in sperm biology and for urologists, gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, and embryologists working in the field of infertility.
Sperm Morphology of Domestic Animals
by Jennifer Koziol Chance ArmstrongSperm Morphology of Domestic Animals A practical guide to interpreting sperm morphology of domestic animals Sperm Morphology of Domestic Animals is a concise, clinically-oriented resource for discovering any impairment to fertility caused by sperm anomalies in domesticated animals. As a bench-side reference, the book examines common sperm defects, their causes, and their prognosis for fertility. An easy-to-use reference, it is organized according to the placement of the deformity in the sperm to increase the speed of consultation, and to help with diagnosing fertility issues. Focusing particularly on the bull, stud horse, boar, ram, buck, and dog, it contains hundreds of high-quality color images accompanied by brief descriptions for additional diagnostic help. Readers will find: An easy-to-use reference work that is suitable for use next to the microscope Organization according to location of abnormality Hundreds if high-quality color images for easy comparison Brief descriptions accompanying each photo, for additional diagnostic help An ideal resource for veterinarians, andrologists, and veterinary students, Sperm Morphology of Domestic Animals fills a gap in current reproductive medicine resources with detailed information that is easy to consult.
Sperm Sexing and its Role in Livestock Production
by Vinod Kumar YataThis book presents basic principles and discusses the state-of-the-art methods of sperm sexing in livestock. It reviews the challenges and critical opinions on the conventional sperm sexing methods and characteristic features of spermatozoa of farm animals which could help to develop novel methods of sperm sexing. The book also presents principles and applications of flow cytometry for sperm separation. The chapters of the book elucidate methods and difficulties in developing sperm sexing methods. Notably, it covers recent research on immunological and nanotechnology-based sperm sexing methods. The book also provides information on the development of semen extenders. Towards the end, the book examines ethical and commercial aspects of sperm sexing. It is an ideal reference book for students, researchers and professionals working towards improving livestock production.