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Schnellstart Python: Ein Einstieg ins Programmieren für MINT-Studierende (essentials)
by Christoph SchäferChristoph Schäfer stellt die großartige Welt der Programmierung mit Python vor und ermöglicht einen schnellen Einstieg zur eigenständigen Entwicklung von Skripten. Er verweist darauf, wie die Programmiersprache Python sich in den letzten Jahren neben MATLAB und R als Standard an naturwissenschaftlichen Arbeitsplätzen in Forschung und Entwicklung etabliert hat, und zeigt, dass die große Popularität von Python sich in der leichten Erweiterbarkeit begründet: So lassen sich sehr einfach Module von anderen Entwicklern in eigenen Skripten und Programmen verwenden. Der Autor stellt insbesondere die Module NumPy, SciPy und Matplotlib vor, die Naturwissenschaftlern und Ingenieuren eine perfekte Entwicklungsumgebung für Wissenschaftliches und Technisches Rechnen, für Anwendungen in der Physik, Chemie, Biologie und Informatik bieten. Auch in den neuesten Applikationen in den hochaktuellen Gebieten Big Data Science und Machine Learning kommt Python zum Einsatz.Der Autor: Dr. Christoph Schäfer lehrt und forscht in der Abteilung Computational Physics am Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik an der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen.
Scholarly Virtues in Nineteenth-Century Sciences and Humanities: Loyalty and Independence Entangled
by Christiaan EngbertsReflecting a growing interest in the history of knowledge, this book explores the importance of scholarly virtues during the late nineteenth century. The practice of science is moulded on notions of scholarly values, such as diligence, impartiality, meticulousness and patience, but here, the author focuses on the virtues of collegial loyalty and critical independence. By analysing how virtues were reflected in day-to-day scholarly work, and examining the possibility that these virtues may have come into conflict with each other, this book sheds light on what is often described as ‘the moral economy of scholarship,’ a metaphor which draws attention to the changeability of the expectations raised by virtue. Highlighting the pre-eminence and exemplary nature of German scholarship during the nineteenth century, the author provides a detailed analysis of four evaluative practices used by scholars across the humanities, social sciences and natural sciences in a number of German universities.This allows a nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between collegial loyalty and critical independence in the academic working environment, and draws comparisons across varying disciplines. A welcome contribution to a growing field of research, this book provides a comparative and transdisciplinary overview of scholarly virtues and will be of interest to those researching the history of science and the humanities.
Scholars and Scholarship in Late Babylonian Uruk (Why the Sciences of the Ancient World Matter #2)
by Christine Proust John SteeleThis volume explores how scholars wrote, preserved, circulated, and read knowledge in ancient Mesopotamia. It offers an exercise in micro-history that provides a case study for attempting to understand the relationship between scholars and scholarship during this time of great innovation. The papers in this collection focus on tablets written in the city of Uruk in southern Babylonia. These archives come from two different scholarly contexts. One is a private residence inhabited during successive phases by two families of priests who were experts in ritual and medicine. The other is the most important temple in Uruk during the late Achemenid and Hellenistic periods. The contributors undertake detailed studies of this material to explore the scholarly practices of individuals, the connection between different scholarly genres, and the exchange of knowledge between scholars in the city and scholars in other parts of Babylonia and the Greek world. In addition, this collection examines the archives in which the texts were found and the scribes who owned or wrote them. It also considers the interconnections between different genres of knowledge and the range of activities of individual scribes. In doing so, it answers questions of interest not only for the study of Babylonian scholarship but also for the study of ancient Mesopotamian textual culture more generally, and for the study of traditions of written knowledge in the ancient world.
Scholastic Q & A: Why Don't Haircuts Hurt?
by Gilda Berger Melvin BergerProvides answers to a variety of questions about the human body, including "Why do you blush?" "Why do you need two ears?" "How strong is hair?" and "What are goose bumps?"
Schöner RIECHEN: Die magische Wirkung von Parfums auf das Wohlbefinden
by Joachim MensingDieses Buch macht Sie zum Parfum Insider. Entdecken Sie Wirkung, Trends und Zukunft von Parfums. Die Parfümerie steht aufgrund neuer Methoden der Gehirnforschung und aktueller Erkenntnisse der Duftpsychologie kurz vor ihrer dritten Revolution, der Neuroparfümerie. Mit diesem spannend und fundiert geschriebenen Buch gewinnen Sie einen umfassenden Einblick in die Kreation, Welt und Praxis der modernen Parfümerie und erhalten dazu interessante Insiderinformationen. Aktuelle Erkenntnisse der Psychologie, Aromatherapie, Gehirnforschung und Neuroparfümerie zur Wirkung von Düften machen Schöner RIECHEN zur Fundgrube von neuen Erkenntnissen. Als Sachbuch mit Ratgeberanteil ist es ohne Vorkenntnisse leicht lesbar und gibt viele praktische Tipps. Sie erfahren unter anderem, dass einige Parfums bereits weit mehr können, als nur gut zu riechen, wie Parfümeure und Marketing ihre Parfums kreieren, welche Duftvorlieben vorherrschen und wie durch Duftwirkung das eigene Erleben und die Lebensfreude gezielt beeinflusst werden kann. Zielgruppen Alle, die Parfums und Düfte lieben und mehr über die magische Wirkung von Parfums auf das Wohlbefinden erfahren möchten und vielleicht mit dem Gedanken spielen, einmal selbst ihr eigenes Parfum zu kreieren. Es ist auch ideal für diejenigen, die in der Duft-, Kosmetik- und Beautybranche tätig sind und ihr Wissen rund um Parfums auffrischen möchten. Zum Autor Dr. Joachim Mensing ist Dipl.-Psychologe, Soziologe, und trainierte Nase mit über 30 Jahren Berufspraxis in der Parfümerie und Dufttherapie. Bei einem der größten Dufthersteller wurde er zum Trend-Coach der Parfümeure und entwickelte Methoden der Parfumentwicklung und des Marketings. Viele der Parfums, an denen er arbeitete, erhielten begehrte Auszeichnungen wie den Fifi-Award, den Oscar für Parfums.
School-based Partnerships in Teacher Education: A Research Informed Model For Universities, Schools And Beyond
by Linda Hobbs Coral Campbell Mellita JonesThis book demonstrates school-based approaches to primary science teacher education. The models used involve partnerships between universities and primary schools to engage pre-service primary teachers in classroom teaching and learning that effectively connects theory with practice separate to the formal practicum arrangements. The book is a culmination of the research and collaboration of researchers from five Australian universities involved in the Science Teacher Education Partnerships with Schools (STEPS) project, funded by the Australian Government Office for Learning and Teaching.While the STEPS project focused on partnerships in primary science teacher education, a key strength of the partnership model (the STEPS Interpretive Framework) developed and explored in this book is its applicability for cross-case, national, international, and inter-state analyses of partnership practices. This is shown through a number of case studies where the STEPS Interpretive Framework is applied and evaluated in the context of other school- or learning-related partnerships. These broad-ranging analyses illustrate the relevance of the model to a range of settings, both within and outside of education.
School of Architecture: EAAE Annual Conference—Turin 2023 (Springer Series in Design and Innovation #47)
by Michela Barosio Elena Vigliocco Santiago GomesThis open access book gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of architectural education, as presented at the 2023 annual conference of the European Association for Architectural Education (EAAE AC), “School of Architecture(s)”, held in Turin, Italy, on August 30–September 1, 2023.
School of Dragons #1: Volcano Escape! (DreamWorks Dragons)
by Kathleen Weidner Zoehfeld Random HouseAn all-new nonfiction series featuring DreamWorks Dragons! Hiccup, Toothless, and other exciting characters from DreamWorks Dragons help readers discover the real-life science and history behind volcanoes! Filled with full-color photos and lots of fun facts, these 80-page books based on JumpStart's School of Dragons online game are the perfect way to help young readers soar into the world of nonfiction.From the Trade Paperback edition.
School of Dragons #2: Greatest Inventions (DreamWorks Dragons)
by Nancy Castaldo Random HouseAn all-new nonfiction series featuring DreamWorks Dragons! Hiccup, Toothless, and other exciting characters from DreamWorks Dragons help readers learn all about ancient and modern inventions--even some amazing inventions created by kids! Filled with full-color photos and lots of fun facts, these 80-page books based on JumpStart's School of Dragons online game are the perfect way to help young readers soar into the world of nonfiction.
School of Dragons #3: Storm Approaching! (DreamWorks Dragons)
by Kathleen Weidner Zoehfeld Random HouseAn all-new nonfiction series featuring DreamWorks Dragons!Hiccup, Toothless, and other exciting characters from DreamWorks Dragons teach readers about tornadoes, blizzards, hurricanes, and more of Earth's deadliest weather! Filled with full-color photos and lots of fun facts, these 80-page books based on JumpStart's School of Dragons online game are the perfect way to help young readers soar into the world of nonfiction.
The School of the Americas: Military Training and Political Violence in the Americas
by Lesley GillLocated at Fort Benning in Columbus, Georgia, the School of the Americas (soa) is a U. S. Army center that has trained more than sixty thousand soldiers and police, mostly from Latin America, in counterinsurgency and combat-related skills since it was founded in 1946. So widely documented is the participation of the School's graduates in torture, murder, and political repression throughout Latin America that in 2001 the School officially changed its name to the Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation. Lesley Gill goes behind the faade and presents a comprehensive portrait of the School of the Americas. Talking to a retired Colombian general accused by international human rights organizations of terrible crimes, sitting in on classes, accompanying soa students and their families to an upscale local mall, listening to coca farmers in Colombia and Bolivia, conversing with anti-soa activists in the cramped office of the School of the Americas Watch--Gill exposes the School's institutionalization of state-sponsored violence, the havoc it has wrought in Latin America, and the strategies used by activists seeking to curtail it. Based on her unprecedented level of access to the School of the Americas, Gill describes the School's mission and training methods and reveals how its students, alumni, and officers perceive themselves in relation to the dirty wars that have raged across Latin America. Assessing the School's role in U. S. empire-building, she shows how Latin America's brightest and most ambitious military officers are indoctrinated into a stark good-versus-evil worldview, seduced by consumer society and the "American dream," and enlisted as proxies in Washington's war against drugs and "subversion. "
Schooling for Sustainable Development:
by Margaret Robertson"This book Schooling for Sustainable Development: A Focus on Australia, New Zealand and the Oceanic Region, is the product of passionate interests of teachers, scholars and researchers located in diverse parts of the Australasian region. Working with their colleagues within local contexts they have conducted research and gathered together information for practitioners and students interested in learning more about sustainable lifestyle practices. Some of the work has taken place in remote locations and some has been in within the confines of major cities. The Australasian Region brings together people and cultures that link traditional economies to global networks and lifestyles. Diverse terrain, politics and responses typify the region. Close to Asia there are lingering ties with old European ways and cultural beliefs. The major economies of Australia and New Zealand provide the lead with development practices for lesser economies such as Papua New Guinea, Fiji and the many island nations scattered throughout the South Pacific. This complexity is not easily represented. Key issues relate to land ownership, mobilities within the region and the gradual dissemination of knowledge, skills and wealth. The book will provide both reference material and interesting reading for teachers, researchers and practitioners in interested in community based perspectives on sustainability. We have learnt from each other and hope that others will benefit from our efforts."
Schooling for Sustainable Development in Canada and the United States
by Rosalyn Mckeown Victor NoletEducation for sustainable development (ESD) presents an intriguing challenge in developed countries. The very notion of sustainable development may appear to be at cross-purposes with the social and political aims of large industrial economies. Yet, arguably, the residents of wealthy countries may be most in need of new ways of thinking and behaving on an increasingly more fragile and crowded planet. This book presents a collection of essays that capture the depth and diversity of education for sustainable development (ESD) work in formal education in Canada and the United States. Many of the authors are pioneers in the field of ESD, not only in their own countries but internationally. In this book, they share their expertise, lessons learned, and insights into the ongoing success of their work. The essays reflect leading edge practice, innovation, and depth of experience and provide clear models and strategies for expanding the application and influence of ESD in wealthy countries. The ESD programs described in the book are relevant and culturally appropriate for the specific locally contexts in which they are found but also in the larger context of ESD writ large as a planetary endeavour.
Schooling for Sustainable Development in Chinese Communities
by Michael Williams John Chi-Kin LeeThis book focuses on the academic foundations, trends and traditions of environmental education for sustainable development principally in Chinese contexts. It highlights contexts and case studies that illuminate recent Chinese initiatives. It includes case studies of green schools and reports on recent initiatives in school-based ESD curriculum development programmes in China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The book concludes with an overview chapter that points to likely future developments. The assumption underpinning the book is that experiences gained in such a major country as China will be of real interest to geographical and environmental educationists, professional educators and teachers elsewhere. Not only will it generate interest and create greater awareness but also it is hoped that these experiences will provide a platform for scholarly exchange and contribute insights on education policy and curriculum changes across Asian-Pacific communities in an increasingly globalised world.
Schooling for Sustainable Development in South America
by Leandro Petarnella Maria Lucia de Amorim SoaresThis book supplies both empirical evidence and scholarly analysis that exemplify successful innovation in South America in the field of sustainability education. Examining the issues from a three-fold perspective, of national policy, regional planning and grassroots projects in schools and communities, the volume offers a comprehensive overview of the contemporary situation in Brazil, Chile, Bolivia, Argentina and Venezuela. It provides case studies as detailed illustrations of the recipe for success as well as to inform researchers and practitioners of the kinds of obstacles and challenges they might face in seeking to manifest sustainability. A good deal of the research and scholarly studies in the field of education for sustainability and sustainable development is underpinned by 'Western' norms and culture. This book draws on that literature, yet also teases out features in the case studies that are particular to the region. South America itself encompasses a rich variety of natural and cultural environments--within individual nations as much as continent-wide. This diversity is a recurring theme in the book. The volume's three sections provide first a general survey, enriched with material from studies conducted in a number of different polities. The second section covers developments in Brazil, South America's largest nation and one that exhibits many of the features of education for sustainability found across the continent. Part three sets out and explores future trends. As with other books in the Schooling for Sustainable Development series, this volume will add impetus to scholarly exchange as well as contributing insights on education policy and curriculum changes across South American communities that exist in an increasingly globalized world.
The Schoolwide Enrichment Model in Science: A Hands-On Approach for Engaging Young Scientists
by Nancy L. HeilbronnerGrounded in decades of research, the Schoolwide Enrichment Model (SEM) has been successfully implemented at hundreds of schools across the world. Now, The Schoolwide Enrichment Model in Science: A Hands-on Approach for Engaging Young Scientists takes high-engagement learning one step further by applying SEM teaching strategies to the science curriculum. In this book, teachers learn how to engage students and to teach the skills needed to complete meaningful, in-depth investigations in science. Activities are connected to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and current policy recommendations calling for the meaningful integration of technology and promoting thinking and doing like young scientists over rote memorization. Easy to read and use, the book incorporates many practical suggestions, as well as reproducible student and teacher handouts.
The Schoolwide Enrichment Model in Science
by Nancy Heilbronner Joseph RenzulliGrounded in decades of research, the Schoolwide Enrichment Model (SEM) has been successfully implemented at hundreds of schools across the world. Now, The Schoolwide Enrichment Model in Science: A Hands-on Approach for Engaging Young Scientists takes high-engagement learning one step further by applying SEM teaching strategies to the science curriculum. In this book, teachers learn how to engage students and to teach the skills needed to complete meaningful, in-depth investigations in science. Activities are connected to the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and current policy recommendations calling for the meaningful integration of technology and promoting thinking and doing like young scientists over rote memorization. Easy to read and use, the book incorporates many practical suggestions, as well as reproducible student and teacher handouts.
Schreiben und Publizieren in den Naturwissenschaften
by Hans F. Ebel Claus Bliefert Walter GreulichDieses Buch ist seit mehr als 15 Jahren das unentbehrliche Standardwerk zum naturwissenschaftlichen Publizieren. Hier findet der Leser die Antworten auf alle Fragen, die sich um das Veröffentlichen von wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten ranken. Dieses Buch ist seit mehr als 15 Jahren das unentbehrliche Standardwerk zum naturwissenschaftlichen Publizieren. Hier findet der Leser die Antworten auf alle Fragen, die sich um das Veröffentlichen von wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten ranken.Die aktuelle Auflage wurde gründlich überarbeitet; moderne Entwicklungen wie z.B. online submission, open access, crossref, Internetdienste u. v. m. wurden mit aufgenommen.Hier schlagen auch die "Profis" aus dem Verlagswesen noch gerne nach!Aus Rezensionen voriger Auflagen:"Ein echtes Arbeitsbuch, das alles Notwendige zur Vorbereitung und zum Nachschlagen bei der Arbeit enthält." - bild der wissenschaft"[Dieses Buch] profitiert vom langjährigen Umgang der Autoren mit den wissenschaftlichen Texten anderer Forscher. Mit Akribie werden viele Details zur Schreibtechnik, zu Tabellen und Abbildungen sowie zu Formen des Zitierens vermittelt." - Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung"Flüssig im Stil und verständlich in der Sache" - farbe + lack"Ein höchst nützliches, aus langjähriger Erfahrung entstandenes Handbuch, das wirklich auf jeden Schreibtisch gehört" - Chemie in unserer Zeit Die aktuelle Auflage wurde gründlich überarbeitet; moderne Entwicklungen wie z.B. online submission, open access, crossref, Internetdienste u. v. m. wurden mit aufgenommen. Hier schlagen auch die "Profis" aus dem Verlagswesen noch gerne nach! Aus Rezensionen voriger Auflagen: "Ein echtes Arbeitsbuch, das alles Notwendige zur Vorbereitung und zum Nachschlagen bei der Arbeit enthält." - bild der wissenschaft "[Dieses Buch] profitiert vom langjährigen Umgang der Autoren mit den wissenschaftlichen Texten anderer Forscher. Mit Akribie werden viele Details zur Schreibtechnik, zu Tabellen und Abbildungen sowie zu Formen des Zitierens vermittelt." - Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung "Flüssig im Stil und verständlich in der Sache" - farbe + lack "Ein höchst nützliches, aus langjähriger Erfahrung entstandenes Handbuch, das wirklich auf jeden Schreibtisch gehört" - Chemie in unserer Zeit
Schritt für Schritt zum Patent
by Sonja VorwerkDieses Buch vermittelt einen Überblick über den Prozess der Patenterteilung und zeigt auf, dass Patente auf Erfindungen auch im Interesse der Wissenschaftler sind und dass ihnen eine zunehmend wichtigere Rolle in der Bewertung wissenschaftlicher Arbeit zukommt. Es wendet sich an alle, die auf dem Gebiet der Patente noch Wissenslücken haben und legt auf verständliche Weise dar, dass sich Patente und wissenschaftliche Publikationen nicht ausschließen müssen. Patente bieten die Chance auf eine weitere Einnahmequelle (Arbeitnehmererfindervergütung) und können sogar die Grundlage für ein Spin-Off und somit eine eigene Unternehmens(mit)gründung sein. Dieses Werk bietet einen Leitfaden, um sich im komplizierten Prozess der Patenterteilung zurechtzufinden und ermöglicht so dem Leser, für seine eigene Patentanmeldung effektiv mit dem Patentfachmann zusammenzuarbeiten.
Schrödinger Operators, Spectral Analysis and Number Theory: In Memory of Erik Balslev (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #348)
by Sergio Albeverio Anindita Balslev Ricardo WederThis book gives its readers a unique opportunity to get acquainted with new aspects of the fruitful interactions between Analysis, Geometry, Quantum Mechanics and Number Theory. The present book contains a number of contributions by specialists in these areas as an homage to the memory of the mathematician Erik Balslev and, at the same time, advancing a fascinating interdisciplinary area still full of potential. Erik Balslev has made original and important contributions to several areas of Mathematics and its applications. He belongs to the founders of complex scaling, one of the most important methods in the mathematical and physical study of eigenvalues and resonances of Schrödinger operators, which has been very essential in advancing the solution of fundamental problems in Quantum Mechanics and related areas. He was also a pioneer in making available and developing spectral methods in the study of important problems in Analytic Number Theory.
Schrödinger Theory of Electrons: Complementary Perspectives (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics #285)
by Viraht SahniThis book presents a complementary perspective to Schrödinger theory of electrons in an electromagnetic field, one that does not appear in any text on quantum mechanics. The perspective, derived from Schrödinger theory, is that of the individual electron in the sea of electrons via its temporal and stationary-state equations of motion – the ‘Quantal Newtonian’ Second and First Laws. The Laws are in terms of ‘classical’ fields experienced by each electron, the sources of the fields being quantum-mechanical expectation values of Hermitian operators taken with respect to the wave function. Each electron experiences the external field, and internal fields representative of properties of the system, and a field descriptive of its response. The energies are obtained in terms of the fields. The ‘Quantal Newtonian’ Laws lead to physical insights, and new properties of the electronic system are revealed. New mathematical understandings of Schrödinger theory emerge which show the equation to be intrinsically self-consistent. Another complimentary perspective to Schrödinger theory is its manifestation as a local effective potential theory described via Quantal Density Functional theory. This description too is in terms of ‘classical’ fields and quantal sources. The theory provides a rigorous physical explanation of the mapping from the interacting system to the local potential theory equivalent. The complementary perspective to stationary ground state Schrödinger theory founded in the theorems of Hohenberg and Kohn, their extension to the presence of a magnetic field and to the temporal domain – Modern Density Functional Theory -- is also described. The new perspectives are elucidated by application to analytically solvable interacting systems. These solutions and other relevant wave function properties are derived.
The Schrödinger-Virasoro Algebra
by Claude Roger Jérémie UnterbergerThis monograph provides the first up-to-date and self-contained presentation of a recently discovered mathematical structure--the Schrödinger-Virasoro algebra. Just as Poincaré invariance or conformal (Virasoro) invariance play a key rôle in understanding, respectively, elementary particles and two-dimensional equilibrium statistical physics, this algebra of non-relativistic conformal symmetries may be expected to apply itself naturally to the study of some models of non-equilibrium statistical physics, or more specifically in the context of recent developments related to the non-relativistic AdS/CFT correspondence. The study of the structure of this infinite-dimensional Lie algebra touches upon topics as various as statistical physics, vertex algebras, Poisson geometry, integrable systems and supergeometry as well as representation theory, the cohomology of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, and the spectral theory of Schrödinger operators.
Schrodinger's Killer App: Race to Build the World's First Quantum Computer
by Jonathan P. DowlingWritten by a renowned quantum physicist closely involved in the U.S. government's development of quantum information science, this book presents an inside look at the government's quest to build a quantum computer capable of solving complex mathematical problems and hacking the public-key encryption codes used to secure the Internet. The "killer app" refers to Shor's quantum factoring algorithm, which would unveil the encrypted communications of the entire Internet if a quantum computer could be built to run the algorithm. Schrodinger's notion of quantum entanglement-and his infamous cat-is at the heart of it all.
Schrodinger's Kittens: And The Search For Reality
by Dr John GribbinAccessible exploration of one of the most exciting areas of scientific inquiry - the nature of light.Following on from his bestseller, SCHRODINGER'S CAT, John Gribbin presents the recent dramatic improvements in experimental techniques that have enabled physicists to formulate and test new theories about the nature of light. He describes these theories not in terms of hard-to-imagine entities like spinning subnuclear particles, but in terms of the fate of two small cats, separated at a tender age and carried to opposite ends of the universe. In this way Gribbin introduces the reader to such new developments as quantum cryptography, through which unbreakable codes can be made, and goes on to possible future developments such as the idea that the ¿entanglement' of quantum particles could be a way to build a STAR TREK style teleportation machine.
Schrödinger’s Web: Race to Build the Quantum Internet
by Jonathan P. DowlingAs the race to build the world&’s first quantum computer is coming to an end, the race to build the quantum internet has just started. This book leverages the author&’s unique insights into both the Chinese and American quantum programs. It begins with the physics and history of the quantum internet and ends with the latest results in quantum computing and quantum networks. The Chinese quantum Sputnik moment. The U.S. National Quantum Initiative. What&’s up with Quantum Computing Supremacy? The Race to Build the Quantum Internet. Where will Quantum Technology be Tomorrow? Written by a renowned quantum physicist, this book is for everyone who is interested in the rapidly advancing field of Quantum Technology — The Second Quantum Revolution. The 2016 launch of the Chinese quantum satellite Mozi was a quantum Sputnik moment. The United States went from thinking it was ten years ahead of the Chinese to the realization that it was ten years behind them. This quantum gap led to the U.S. National Quantum Initiative, launched in 2018. Since then, the race to build the quantum internet has taken off at breakneck speed.